1
|
Xie P, Xu Y, Tan X, Tan Q. How does environmental policy stringency influence green innovation for environmental managements? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 338:117766. [PMID: 37011531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the struggle to limit global climate change and rising temperatures, the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27) was held in Egypt last November. Bringing together nations to recognize climate change as a global concern and to create new "building blocks" to enhance the implementation of the Paris Agreement through actions that can move the world toward a greener, and carbon free future. This study examines a panel of high-income economies from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to investigate the empirical linkage between Green Innovations (GI), Disaggregated trade (exports and imports), Environmental policy stringency (EPS), and Consumption-based carbon dioxide emissions from 1990 to 2020. We proceed with the panel cointegration check based on the results of the diagnostic tests. The method of moment quantile regressions (MMQR) is used to investigate the relationships between CCO2 and various variables in different quantiles. The data show that GI, export, imports, and EPS are major contributors in explaining the substantial variance in CCO2 emissions in the chosen panel. Specifically, severe environmental rules boost the benefits of green technologies through the use of environmentally friendly technology. Imports, on the other hand, have been determined to be harmful to environmental quality. As a result, member economies should reform their environmental policies to include consumption-based emissions objectives and discourage people' desire for carbon-intensive items from developing countries. This will eventually result in a decrease in consumption-based carbon emissions, assisting in the achievement of true emissions reduction goals and COP27 targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Xie
- Accounting School, Hunan University of Finance and Economics, Changsha, 410205, China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Business School, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland.
| | - Xue Tan
- Business School, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Qianqian Tan
- Business School, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barakagira A, Paapa C. Green practices implementation for environmental sustainability by five-star hotels in Kampala, Uganda. ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37362970 PMCID: PMC10016176 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Hotels operate continuously and are known to be one of the contributors of global pollution. Strategies like adoption of green practices would be a remedy to mitigate pollution and their effects for environmental sustainability. This study focused on green practice's implementation by the five-star hotels in Kampala district, Uganda. Specifically, it explored the benefits achieved and effects encountered by the management of the hotels as a result of implementing green practices. A questionnaire survey and interviews were employed to collect the required data from the employees of the five-star hotels. Energy conservation, waste management, and environmental purchasing with their respective coefficient of variances of 12.6, 14.5 and 17.2 were some of the green practices implemented by the hotels. Green practice's adoption by the five-star hotels culminated into increased profits, competitive advantage, saved on the costs of the materials used and retained some customers. The study recommends that there should be continuous awareness and strengthening of training of the employees about green practices' implementation, together with government involvement in all matters concerning enforcement of green practices. In addition, the article suggests managerial implications and opportunities for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Barakagira
- School of Sciences, Nkumba University, P.O. Box 237, Entebbe, Uganda
- Faculty of Science, Kyambogo University, P.O. Box 1, Kyambogo, Uganda
| | - Christopher Paapa
- School of Sciences, Nkumba University, P.O. Box 237, Entebbe, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haghighian F, Ghoreishi SM, Attaran A, Kashani FZ, Khoobi A. Electrochemical study for simultaneous detection of procaine hydrochloride and its metabolite in biological samples using a nanostructured strong sensor. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
|
4
|
Jing S, Sheng R, Liang X, Gu D, Peng Y, Xiao J, Shen Y, Hu D, Xiao W. Overall Carbon-neutral Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 in Molten Salts using a Liquid Metal Sn Cathode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216315. [PMID: 36478510 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An overall carbon-neutral CO2 electroreduction requires enhanced conversion efficiency and intensified functionality of CO2 -derived products to balance the carbon footprint from CO2 electroreduction against fixed CO2 . A liquid Sn cathode is herein introduced into electrochemical reduction of CO2 in molten salts to fabricate core-shell Sn-C spheres (Sn@C). An in situ generated Li2 SnO3 /C directs a self-template formation of Sn@C. Benefitting from the accelerated reaction kinetics from the liquid Sn cathode and the core-shell structure of Sn@C, a CO2 -fixation current efficiency higher than 84 % and a high reversible lithium-storage capacity of Sn@C are achieved. The versatility of this strategy is demonstrated by other low melting point metals, such as Zn and Bi. This process integrates energy-efficient CO2 conversion and template-free fabrication of value-added metal-carbon, achieving an overall carbon-neutral electrochemical reduction of CO2 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxi Jing
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ren Sheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Liang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Dong Gu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Peng
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Juanxiu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Yijun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Van Nguyen TT, Phan AN, Nguyen TA, Nguyen TK, Nguyen ST, Pugazhendhi A, Ky Phuong HH. Valorization of agriculture waste biomass as biochar: As first-rate biosorbent for remediation of contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135834. [PMID: 35963379 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Each year, Asia produces an estimated 350 million tonnes of agricultural residues. According to Ministry of Power projections, numerous tonnes of such waste are discarded each year, in addition to being used as green manure. The methodology used to convert agricultural waste into the most valuable biochar, as well as its critical physical and chemical properties, were described in this review. This review also investigates the beneficial effects of bio and phytoremediation on metal(lloid)-contaminated soil. Agriculture biomass-based biochar is an intriguing organic residue material with the potential to be used as a responsible solution for metal(lloid) polluted soil remediation and soil improvement. Plants with faster growth and higher biomass can meet massive remediation demands. Recent research shows significant progress in agricultural biomass-based biomass conversion as biochar, as well as understanding the frameworks of metal(lloid) accumulation and mobility in plants used for metal(lloid) polluted soil remediation. Biochar made from various agricultural biomass can promote native plant growth and improve phytoremediation efficiency in polluted soil with metal(lloid)s. This carbon-enriched biochar promotes native microbial activity by neutralising pH and providing adequate nutrition. Thus, this review critically examines the feasibility of converting agricultural waste biomass into biochar, as well as the impact on plant and microbe remediation potential in metal(lloid)s polluted soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Van Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, No.1A, TL29 Str., Thanh Loc Ward, Dist. 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Anh N Phan
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Tuan-Anh Nguyen
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Trung Kim Nguyen
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Son Truong Nguyen
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | | | - Ha Huynh Ky Phuong
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc Dist., Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., Dist. 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Linxin, Kumar A, Sharma G, Naushad M, AlbertoGarcía-Peñas, Stadler FJ. A dual-functional integrated Ni5P4/g-C3N4 S-scheme heterojunction for high performance synchronous photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and multi-contaminant removal with a waste-to-energy conversion. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Jing X, Ma Y, Wang F, Li W, Wang D. CO
2
‐Derived Oxygen‐Rich Carbon with Enhanced Redox Reactions as a Cathode Material for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Jing
- School of Resource and Environmental Science Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan China
| | - Yongsong Ma
- School of Resource and Environmental Science Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Science Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Science Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan China
| | - Dihua Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Science Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Predictability of Biodiesel Fuel Properties from the Fatty Acid Composition of the Feedstock Oils. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-05564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
9
|
Sargeant E, Rodríguez P. Electrochemical conversion of CO
2
in non‐conventional electrolytes: Recent achievements and future challenges. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
|
10
|
Comparison of Nature and Synthetic Zeolite for Waste Battery Electrolyte Treatment in Fixed-Bed Adsorption Column. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15010347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To support a sustainable energy development, CO2 reduction for carbon neutralization and water-splitting for hydrogen economy are two feasible technical routes, both of which require a significant input of renewable energies. To efficiently store renewable energies, secondary batteries will be applied in great quantity, so that a considerable amount of energy needs to be invested to eliminate the waste battery electrolyte pollution caused by heavy metals including Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+. To reduce this energy consumption, the removal behaviors of these ions by using clinoptilolite and zeolite A under 5, 7 and 10 BV h−1 in a fixed-bed reactor were investigated. The used zeolites were then regenerated by a novel NH4Cl solution soaking, coupled with the ultrasonication method. Further characterizations were carried out using scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption and desorption test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The adsorption breakthrough curves revealed that the leaching preference of clinoptilolite was Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+, while the removal sequence for zeolite A was Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Pb2+. The maximum removal percentage of Zn2+ ions for clinoptilolite under 5 BV h−1 was 21.55%, while it was 83.45% for zeolite A. The leaching ability difference was also discussed combining with the characterization results. The fact that unit cell stayed the same before and after the regeneration treatment approved the efficacy of the regeneration method, which detached most of the ions while doing little change to both morphology and crystallinity of the zeolites. By evaluating the pH and conductivity changes, the leaching mechanisms by adsorption and ion exchange were further studied.
Collapse
|
11
|
Li J, Deng S, Li G, Lu Z, Song H, Gao J, Sun Z, Xu K. VOCs characteristics and their ozone and SOA formation potentials in autumn and winter at Weinan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111821. [PMID: 34370988 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Frequent ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution have been occurring in the Guanzhong Plain in China. To effectively control the tropospheric ozone and PM2.5 pollution, this study performed measurements of 102 VOCs species from Sep.19-25 (autumn) and Nov.27-Dec. 8, 2017 (winter) at Weinan in the central Guanzhong Plain. The total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) concentrations were 95.8 ± 30.6 ppbv in autumn and 74.4 ± 37.1 ppbv in winter. Alkanes were the most abundant group in both of autumn and winter, accounting for 33.5% and 39.6% of TVOCs concentrations, respectively. The levels of aromatics and oxygenated VOCs were higher in autumn than in winter, mainly due to changes in industrial activities and combustion strength. Photochemical reactivities and ozone formation potentials (OFPs) of VOCs were calculated by applying the OH radical loss rate (LOH) and maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) method, respectively. Results showed that Alkenes and aromatics were the key VOCs in term ozone formation in Weinan, which together contributed 59.6% ̶ 65.3% to the total LOH and OFP. Secondary organic aerosol formation potentials (SOAFP) of the measured VOCs were investigated by employing the fractional aerosol coefficient (FAC) method. Aromatics contributed 94.9% and 96.2% to the total SOAFP in autumn and winter, respectively. The regional transport effects on VOCs and ozone formation were investigated by using trajectory analysis and potential source contribution function (PSCF). Results showed that regional anthropogenic sources from industrial cities (Tongchuan, Xi'an city) and biogenic sources from Qinling Mountain influenced VOCs levels and OFP at Weinan. Future studies need to emphasize on meteorological factors and sources that impact on VOCs concentrations in Weinan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianghao Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China
| | - Shunxi Deng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China.
| | - Guanghua Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China
| | - Zhenzhen Lu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China
| | - Hui Song
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China; School of Architectural Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China
| | - Ke Xu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
López-Pacheco IY, Rodas-Zuluaga LI, Fuentes-Tristan S, Castillo-Zacarías C, Sosa-Hernández JE, Barceló D, Iqbal HM, Parra-Saldívar R. Phycocapture of CO2 as an option to reduce greenhouse gases in cities: Carbon sinks in urban spaces. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
13
|
Synthesis of Zeolite supported bimetallic catalyst and application in n-hexane hydro-isomerization using supercritical CO2. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
14
|
Hydrogen Production by Fluidized Bed Reactors: A Quantitative Perspective Using the Supervised Machine Learning Approach. J 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/j4030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current hydrogen generation technologies, especially biomass gasification using fluidized bed reactors (FBRs), were rigorously reviewed. There are involute operational parameters in a fluidized bed gasifier that determine the anticipated outcomes for hydrogen production purposes. However, limited reviews are present that link these parametric conditions with the corresponding performances based on experimental data collection. Using the constructed artificial neural networks (ANNs) as the supervised machine learning algorithm for data training, the operational parameters from 52 literature reports were utilized to perform both the qualitative and quantitative assessments of the performance, such as the hydrogen yield (HY), hydrogen content (HC) and carbon conversion efficiency (CCE). Seven types of operational parameters, including the steam-to-biomass ratio (SBR), equivalent ratio (ER), temperature, particle size of the feedstock, residence time, lower heating value (LHV) and carbon content (CC), were closely investigated. Six binary parameters have been identified to be statistically significant to the performance parameters (hydrogen yield (HY)), hydrogen content (HC) and carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal operational conditions derived from the machine leaning were recommended according to the needs of the outcomes. This review may provide helpful insights for researchers to comprehensively consider the operational conditions in order to achieve high hydrogen production using fluidized bed reactors during biomass gasification.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abdulla Yusuf H. Analytical Modelling, CFD Simulation, and Experimental Validation of n-butanol-Diesel/Biodiesel Fuel Blends in a Microfluidic System. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-05073-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
16
|
Wu S, Zhou W, Xiong X, Burr GS, Cheng P, Wang P, Niu Z, Hou Y. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on atmospheric CO 2 in Xi'an, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111208. [PMID: 33895110 PMCID: PMC8061636 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lockdown measures to control the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) sharply limited energy consumption and carbon emissions. The lockdown effect on carbon emissions has been studied by many researchers using statistical approaches. However, the lockdown effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) on an urban scale remains unclear. Here we present CO2 concentration and carbon isotopic (δ13C) measurements to assess the impact of COVID-19 control measures on atmospheric CO2 in Xi'an, China. We find that CO2 concentrations during the lockdown period were 7.5% lower than during the normal period (prior to the Spring Festival, Jan 25 to Feb 4, 2020). The observed CO2excess (total CO2 minus background CO2) during the lockdown period was 52.3% lower than that during the normal period, and 35.7% lower than the estimated CO2excess with the effect of weather removed. A Keeling plot shows that in contrast CO2 concentrations and δ13C were weakly correlated (R2 = 0.18) during the lockdown period, reflecting a change in CO2 sources imposed by the curtailment of traffic and industrial emissions. Our study also show that the sharp reduction in atmospheric CO2 during lockdown were short-lived, and returned to normal levels within months after lockdown measures were lifted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shugang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Joint Xi'an AMS Center Between IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Weijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Joint Xi'an AMS Center Between IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaohu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Joint Xi'an AMS Center Between IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - G S Burr
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Joint Xi'an AMS Center Between IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Joint Xi'an AMS Center Between IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Joint Xi'an AMS Center Between IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhenchuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Joint Xi'an AMS Center Between IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yaoyao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Joint Xi'an AMS Center Between IEECAS and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
A sustainable and green route to furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid by direct carboxylation of 2-furoic acid and CO2. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
18
|
Wang Z, Wang X. Promotion effects of microwave heating on coalbed methane desorption compared with conductive heating. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9618. [PMID: 33953313 PMCID: PMC8100304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
As a clean energy resource, coalbed methane (CBM) has drawn worldwide attention. However, the CBM reservoir has strong adsorption capacity and low permeability and thus requires stimulation. As a means to stimulate coalbed methane recovery, thermal injection faces geological and economic challenges because it uses conventional conductive heating (CH) to transfer heat. Realized by the conversion of the electromagnetic energy into the thermal energy, microwave heating (MH) may be a sound stimulation method. Although previous research suggested that MH had potential as a stimulation method for coalbed methane recovery, it is not clear if MH is superior to CH for enhancing coalbed methane recovery. This paper compares the effect of MH and CH on methane desorption from coal using purpose-built experimental equipment. To compare the MH and CH experimental results, the desorption temperature for each CH desorption test was set to the maximum temperature reached in the correlative MH desorption test. The results show that although the cumulative desorbed volume (CDV) of methane under MH was less than that desorbed by CH in the initial desorption stage, the final total CDV under MH for the three different power settings was ~ 12% to ~ 21% more than that desorbed by CH at the same temperatures. CH and MH both change the sample’s microstructure but MH enlarges the pores, decreases methane adsorption, promotes methane diffusion, and improves permeability more effectively than CH. Rapid temperature rise and the changes in the coal’s microstructure caused by MH were the main reasons for its superior performance. These findings may provide reference for selecting the most appropriate type of heating for thermal injection assisted coalbed methane recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control (Henan Polytechnic University), Jiaozuo, Henan, People's Republic of China. .,School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Central Plains Economic Region for Coalbed /Shale Gas, Henan Province, Jiaozuo, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control (Henan Polytechnic University), Jiaozuo, Henan, People's Republic of China.,School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Potential of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel as Renewable Fuel in Combustion Engines: A Review. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14092565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As non-renewable conventional fossil fuel sources are depleting day by day, researchers are continually finding new ways of producing and utilizing alternative, renewable, and reliable fuels. Due to conventional technologies, the environment has been degraded seriously, which profoundly impacts life on earth. To reduce the emissions caused by running the compression ignition engines, waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel is one of the best alternative fuels locally available in all parts of the world. Different study results are reviewed with a clear focus on combustion, performance, and emission characteristics, and the impact on engine durability. Moreover, the environmental and economic impacts are also reviewed in this study. When determining the combustion characteristics of WCO biodiesel, the cylinder peak pressure value increases and the heat release rate and ignition delay period decreases. In performance characteristics, brake-specific fuel consumption increases while brake-specific energy consumption, brake power, and torque decrease. WCO biodiesel cuts down the emissions value by 85% due to decreased hydrocarbon, SO2, CO, and smoke emissions in the exhaust that will effectively save the environment. However, CO2 and NOx generally increase when compared to diesel. The overall economic impact of production on the utilization of this resource is also elaborated. The results show that the use of WCO biodiesel is technically, economically, environmentally, and tribologically appropriate for any diesel engine.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The four-ball tester was used in this analysis to demonstrate the lubricity of tire pyrolysis oil (TPO). The tribological performance of the tire pyrolysis oil was compared with diesel fuel (DF) and their blends, DT10 (TPO 10%, Diesel 90%) and DT20 (TPO 20%, Diesel 80%). A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to investigate the wear scar. In contrast to diesel fuel, TPO demonstrated better antiwear behaviour in terms of higher load-carrying capacity. DT10, DT20, and TPO’s wear scar diameter (WSD) was 22.35%, 16.01%, and 31.99% smaller than that of diesel at 80 kg load, respectively. The scanning electron microscope micrographs showed that the TPO and DT10 had less wear than their counterparts.
Collapse
|
21
|
Qi X, Zhao X, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, Yue D. A high toughness elastomer based on natural
Eucommia ulmoides
gum. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Yongxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Jichuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| | - Dongmei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hydrogen Inter-Cage Hopping and Cage Occupancies inside Hydrogen Hydrate: Molecular-Dynamics Analysis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app11010282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The inter-cage hopping in a type II clathrate hydrate with different numbers of H2 and D2 molecules, from 1 to 4 molecules per large cage, was studied using a classical molecular dynamics simulation at temperatures of 80 to 240 K. We present the results for the diffusion of these guest molecules (H2 or D2) at all of the different occupations and temperatures, and we also calculated the activation energy as the energy barrier for the diffusion using the Arrhenius equation. The average occupancy number over the simulation time showed that the structures with double and triple large-cage H2 occupancy appeared to be the most stable, while the small cages remained with only one guest molecule. A Markov model was also calculated based on the number of transitions between the different cage types.
Collapse
|
23
|
Al-Rawi UA, Sher F, Hazafa A, Rasheed T, Al-Shara NK, Lima EC, Shanshool J. Catalytic Activity of Pt Loaded Zeolites for Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane Using Supercritical CO2. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Usama A. Al-Rawi
- College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Al Jadriyah Bridge, Baghdad 64074, Iraq
| | - Farooq Sher
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Environmental and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, United Kingdom
| | - Abu Hazafa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Nawar K. Al-Shara
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Eder C. Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Goncalves 9500, P.O. Box 15003, ZIP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jabir Shanshool
- College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Al Jadriyah Bridge, Baghdad 64074, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Luo K, Shao D, Yang L, Liu L, Chen X, Zou C, Wang D, Luo Z, Wang X. Semi‐interpenetrating gel polymer electrolyte based on
PVDF‐HFP
for lithium ion batteries. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Luo
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan China
| | - Dingsheng Shao
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan China
| | - Li Yang
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan China
| | - Lei Liu
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan China
| | - Changfei Zou
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan China
| | - Dong Wang
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan China
| | - Zhigao Luo
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan China
| | - Xianyou Wang
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen GZ. Interactions of molten salts with cathode products in the FFC Cambridge Process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS, METALLURGY AND MATERIALS 2020; 27:1572-1587. [PMCID: PMC7772062 DOI: 10.1007/s12613-020-2202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Molten salts play multiple important roles in the electrolysis of solid metal compounds, particularly oxides and sulfides, for the extraction of metals or alloys. Some of these roles are positive in assisting the extraction of metals, such as dissolving the oxide or sulfide anions, and transporting them to the anode for discharging, and offering the high temperature to lower the kinetic barrier to break the metal-oxygen or metal-sulfur bond. However, molten salts also have unfavorable effects, including electronic conductivity and significant capability of dissolving oxygen and carbon dioxide gases. In addition, although molten salts are relatively simple in terms of composition, physical properties, and decomposition reactions at inert electrodes, in comparison with aqueous electrolytes, the high temperatures of molten salts may promote unwanted electrode-electrolyte interactions. This article reviews briefly and selectively the research and development of the Fray-Farthing-Chen (FFC) Cambridge Process in the past two decades, focusing on observations, understanding, and solutions of various interactions between molten salts and cathodes at different reduction states, including perovskitization, non-wetting of molten salts on pure metals, carbon contamination of products, formation of oxychlorides and calcium intermetallic compounds, and oxygen transfer from the air to the cathode product mediated by oxide anions in the molten salt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Z. Chen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100 China
| |
Collapse
|