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Rasche BL, Tucker SM, Linder K, Harrison TM, Negrão Watanabe TT. Case Report: Pulmonary Conidiobolomycosis in a Vietnamese Pot-Bellied Pig. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:799641. [PMID: 34988143 PMCID: PMC8720767 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.799641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An adult castrated male Vietnamese pot-bellied pig had a 1-week history of acute dyspnea and lethargy. Minimal diagnostic testing was authorized by the owner, resulting in treatment with a third-generation cephalosporin and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Partial improvement was observed after a week; however, the pig died 2 weeks after the initial onset of clinical signs. Macroscopically, ~90% of the left lung was effaced by large masses with a caseonecrotic center. Histologic examination revealed eosinophilic granulomas with myriad, intralesional, negatively staining hyphae highlighted by "sleeves" of hypereosinophilic material (Splendore-Hoeppli material). Infection with an oomycete or "zygomycete" (i.e., organisms of the order Entomophthorales or Mucorales) was initially considered. Pan-fungal PCR and sequencing performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissue identified Conidiobolus spp., consistent with a diagnosis of primary pulmonary conidiobolomycosis. There are only a few reports of infections with Conidiobolus spp. (and other members of the order Entomophthorales) in swine. Unlike humans and other animal species, conidiobolomycosis in pigs presents more commonly as a primary pulmonary disease rather than rhinofacial or nasopharyngeal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Rasche
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Samuel M Tucker
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Keith Linder
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Tara M Harrison
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Tatiane Terumi Negrão Watanabe
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Turni C, Wu Y, Omaleki L, Giang N, Blackall PJ, Christensen H. Glaesserella australis sp. nov., isolated from the lungs of pigs. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:3686-3692. [PMID: 32416742 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-nine isolates of an unknown haemophilic organism were isolated from the lungs of pigs from 14 farms in Australia. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene, recN and rpoA showed a monophyletic group that was most closely related to Glaesserella parasuis and [Actinobacillus] indolicus. Whole genome sequence analysis indicated that the Glaesserella parasuis and this group, using the type strain HS4635T for comparison, showed a similarity of 30.9 % DNA-DNA renaturation. The isolates were Gram-stain-negative, NAD-dependent, CAMP-negative and were oxidase-positive, catalase-negative and produced indole but not urease. The isolates could be separated from all currently recognized haemophilic and non-haemophilic members of the family Pastuerellaceae. Key phenotypic properties were the production of indole, the lack of urease activity, production of β-galactosidase but not α-fucosidase, acid formation from (-)-d-arabinose, (+)-d-galactose, maltose and trehalose and a failure to produce acid from (-)-d-mannitol. Taken together, these data indicate that the isolates belong to a novel species for which the name Glaesserella australis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HS4635T (=CCUG 71931T and LMG 30645T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Conny Turni
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Yunchen Wu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Lida Omaleki
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Nhan Giang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - P J Blackall
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 4 Stigbøjlen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Ibaraki Y, Shibahara T, Kobayashi H, Ito N, Shinozuka Y, Kasuya K, Murakoshi N, Chikuba T, Kubo M. Multifocal granulomatous jejunitis associated with an argyrophilic gram-positive segmented filamentous bacterium in a Holstein cow. J Comp Pathol 2011; 145:118-21. [PMID: 21306727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multifocal, raised, ulcerated firm nodules accompanied by an intussuscepted area were detected in the jejunum of an 8-year-old Holstein cow. The cut surfaces of the nodules were yellow-white. Microscopically, the lamina propria was expanded by an intense infiltration of epithelioid cells, multinucleate giant cells, macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Numerous bacteria were found within the granulomatous lesions. These were argyrophilic, gram-positive, periodic acid-Schiff-positive, segmented, rarely branched, elongate filamentous bacteria (2-28 μm in length, 0.2-0.35 μm in diameter). Ultrastructurally, a cell wall with an electron-transparent zone was detected. The present pathogen was clearly different from the argyrophilic, gram-negative, non-segmented, filamentous bacterium previously reported in a Holstein cow with jejunal granuloma. Comparative 16S rDNA gene sequencing analysis revealed that the organism was an unpublished species (GenBank accession number AB539875). This is the first report of bovine jejunal granuloma associated with an argyrophilic gram-positive segmented filamentous bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ibaraki
- Western Centre for Livestock Hygiene Service, Hiroshima Prefecture, 1-15 Saijogojo-cho, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0013, Japan.
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Ogawa K, Shibahara T, Kobayashi H, Kanazaki M, Morishita M, Kamikawa M, Kubo M. Jejunal Granuloma Associated with an Argyrophilic Gram-Negative Non-Segmented Filamentous Bacterium in a Holstein Cow. J Comp Pathol 2010; 143:52-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2009] [Revised: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ohba T, Shibahara T, Kobayashi H, Takashima A, Nagoshi M, Araki M, Takizawa K, Kubo M. Prevalence of granulomatous pleuropneumonia associated with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 in slaughter pigs. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 71:1089-92. [PMID: 19721364 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.71.1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 14,818 slaughtered pigs were examined macroscopically. Of these, 25 pigs with porcine pleuropneumonia were collected and the relations among Actinobacillus spp. and granulomatous lesions in organs (lungs and tonsils) were evaluated. In the lungs, only Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 was isolated from 20 of the pigs. Histologically, granulomatous pneumonia with A. pleuropneumoniae antigen was detected in 8 of the pigs. The antigen was visible in the centers of the lesions along with asteroid bodies, epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells. In the tonsils, granulomatous lesions were not detected, although A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 (5 pigs), serotype 7 (1 pig), Actinobacillus porcitonsillarum (1 pig) and Actinobacillus minor (1 pig) were isolated. The present survey suggests that multifocal granulomatous pneumonia in slaughter pigs could be highly associated with A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takemi Ohba
- Toyama Prefectural Meat Inspection Center, Imizu, Japan
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Arya G, Niven DF. Production of haemolysins by strains of the Actinobacillus minor/"porcitonsillarum" complex. Vet Microbiol 2009; 141:332-41. [PMID: 19819087 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Actinobacillus minor and "Actinobacillus porcitonsillarum" are distinguished by their haemolytic activities, the latter organism being haemolytic and the former, non-haemolytic. Analysis of a whole genome shotgun sequence, however, revealed that A. minor strain 202, like "A. porcitonsillarum", possesses a haemolysin-encoding apxII operon. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate haemolysin production by this organism and also by three additional members of the A. minor/"porcitonsillarum" complex, strains 33PN and 7ATS and A. minor strain NM305(T). Primers based on sequences within the apxII genes of strain 202 allowed the amplification of appropriately sized fragments from DNA from strain 33PN suggesting that this organism also possesses an apxII operon. Analysis of a whole genome shotgun sequence failed to reveal any trace of an apxII operon in strain NM305(T) and attempts to amplify apxII genes from DNA from strain 7ATS also failed. Strains 202 and 33PN, and surprisingly, the type strain of A. minor and strain 7ATS, were all found to be haemolysin-positive as growth media from cultures of these organisms could promote the lysis of erythrocytes in suspension. The erythrocyte specificities of the haemolysins produced by strains 202 and 33PN indicated that the haemolytic activities exhibited by these organisms were due to ApxII. In keeping with the apparent lack of apxII genes in strains NM305(T) and 7ATS, the haemolysins produced by these organisms were not erythrocyte-specific and with both organisms, haemolytic activity appeared to be due to a combination of heat-stable and heat-labile components. The identities of these components, however, remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Arya
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Que., Canada H9X 3V9
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Ohba T, Shibahara T, Kobayashi H, Takashima A, Nagoshi M, Osanai R, Kubo M. Multifocal granulomatous hepatitis caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 in slaughter pigs. J Comp Pathol 2008; 139:61-6. [PMID: 18617183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2008.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In a survey of 66 894 slaughter pigs, 11 animals from three farms were found to have multifocal granulomatous lesions in the liver, caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2. The lesions consisted of epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells, with asteroid bodies and discernible gram-negative bacteria. Lymph nodes and spleen were occasionally affected. The results suggested that haematogenous spread had occurred from pre-existing pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohba
- Toyama Prefectural Meat Inspection Centre, 28-4 Shinbori, Imizu, Japan
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