1
|
Leveque C, Mrakic Sposta S, Theunissen S, Germonpré P, Lambrechts K, Vezzoli A, Gussoni M, Levenez M, Lafère P, Guerrero F, Balestra C. Oxidative Stress Response Kinetics after 60 Minutes at Different Levels (10% or 15%) of Normobaric Hypoxia Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10188. [PMID: 37373334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the metabolic responses of hypoxic breathing for 1 h to inspired fractions of 10% and 15% oxygen were investigated. To this end, 14 healthy nonsmoking subjects (6 females and 8 males, age: 32.2 ± 13.3 years old (mean ± SD), height: 169.1 ± 9.9 cm, and weight: 61.6 ± 16.2 kg) volunteered for the study. Blood samples were taken before, and at 30 min, 2 h, 8 h, 24 h, and 48 h after a 1 h hypoxic exposure. The level of oxidative stress was evaluated by considering reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), lipid peroxidation, and immune-inflammation by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and neopterin, while antioxidant systems were observed in terms of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and urates. Hypoxia abruptly and rapidly increased ROS, while TAC showed a U-shape pattern, with a nadir between 30 min and 2 h. The regulation of ROS and NOx could be explained by the antioxidant action of uric acid and creatinine. The kinetics of ROS allowed for the stimulation of the immune system translated by an increase in neopterin, IL-6, and NOx. This study provides insights into the mechanisms through which acute hypoxia affects various bodily functions and how the body sets up the protective mechanisms to maintain redox homeostasis in response to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Leveque
- Environmental, Occupational, Aging (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant (HE2B), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratoire ORPHY, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 93837 Brest, France
| | - Simona Mrakic Sposta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Sigrid Theunissen
- Environmental, Occupational, Aging (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant (HE2B), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Germonpré
- DAN Europe Research Division (Roseto-Brussels), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
- Hyperbaric Centre, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, 1120 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kate Lambrechts
- Environmental, Occupational, Aging (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant (HE2B), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Vezzoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Maristella Gussoni
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta", National Research Council (SCITEC-CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Morgan Levenez
- Environmental, Occupational, Aging (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant (HE2B), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Lafère
- Environmental, Occupational, Aging (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant (HE2B), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
- DAN Europe Research Division (Roseto-Brussels), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
| | - François Guerrero
- Laboratoire ORPHY, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 93837 Brest, France
| | - Costantino Balestra
- Environmental, Occupational, Aging (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant (HE2B), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
- DAN Europe Research Division (Roseto-Brussels), 1160 Brussels, Belgium
- Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Motor Sciences Department, Physical Activity Teaching Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Morphological Assessment and Biomarkers of Low-Grade, Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in Production Animals. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12213036. [PMID: 36359160 PMCID: PMC9654368 DOI: 10.3390/ani12213036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Production animals are continuously exposed to environmental and dietary factors that might induce a state of low-grade, chronic intestinal inflammation. This condition compromises the productive performance and well-fare of these animals, requiring studies to understand what causes it and to develop control strategies. An intestinal inflammatory process is generally associated with alterations in the structure and functionality of its wall, resulting in the release of cellular components into the blood and/or feces. These components can act as biomarkers, i.e., they are measured to identify and quantify an inflammatory process without requiring invasive methods. In this review we discuss the mechanisms of low-grade inflammation, its effects on animal production and sustainability, and the identification of biomarkers that could provide early diagnosis of this process and support studies of useful interventional strategies. Abstract The complex interaction between the intestinal mucosa, the gut microbiota, and the diet balances the host physiological homeostasis and is fundamental for the maximal genetic potential of production animals. However, factors such as chemical and physical characteristics of the diet and/or environmental stressors can continuously affect this balance, potentially inducing a state of chronic low-grade inflammation in the gut, where inflammatory parameters are present and demanding energy, but not in enough intensity to provoke clinical manifestations. It’s vital to expand the understanding of inflammation dynamics and of how they compromise the function activity and microscopic morphology of the intestinal mucosa. These morphometric alterations are associated with the release of structural and functional cellular components into the feces and the blood stream creating measurable biomarkers to track this condition. Moreover, the identification of novel, immunometabolic biomarkers can provide dynamic and predictors of low-grade chronic inflammation, but also provide indicators of successful nutritional or feed additive intervention strategies. The objective of this paper is to review the mechanisms of low-grade inflammation, its effects on animal production and sustainability, and the biomarkers that could provide early diagnosis of this process and support studies of useful interventional strategies.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghodsian N, Yeandle A, Hock BD, Gieseg SP. CD36 down regulation by the macrophage antioxidant 7,8-dihydroneopterin through modulation of PPAR-γ activity. Free Radic Res 2022; 56:366-377. [PMID: 36017639 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2022.2114904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
CD36 is the key scavenger receptor driving the formation of cholesterol loaded foam cells, the principal cellular component of atherosclerotic plaques. CD36 is down regulated by 7,8-dihydroneopterin, a potent superoxide and hypochlorite scavenging antioxidant generated by interferon-γ stimulated macrophages. 7,8-dihydroneopterin down regulates CD36 mRNA and protein levels so inhibiting macrophage foam cell formation in vitro.We examined the mechanism of 7,8-dihydroneopterin down regulation of CD36 by measuring CD36 and PPAR-γ levels by western blot analysis, in the monocyte-like U937 cells with a range of PPAR-γ stimulants and inhibitors. Lipoxygenase activity was measured by monitoring linoleic acid oxidation at 234 nm for diene formation.Between 100 and 200 μM, 7,8-dihydroneopterin decreased CD36 levels by 50% within 12 hours with levels dropping below 25% by 24 hours. CD36 levels returned to basal levels after 24 hours. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide show 7,8-dihydroneopterin had no effect on CD36 degradation rates. PPAR-γ levels were not altered by the addition of 7,8-dihydroneopterin. MAP Kinase, P38 and NF-κB pathways inhibitors SP600125, PD98059, SB202190 and BAY 11-7082 respectively, did not restore the CD36 levels in the presence of 7,8-dihydroneopterin. The addition the lipophilic PPAR-γ activators rosiglitazone and azelaoyl-PAF prevented the CD36 down regulation by 7,8-dihydroneopterin. 7,8-dihydroneopterin inhibited soybean lipoxygenase and reduced U937 cell basal levels of cellular lipid oxides as measured by HPLC-TBARS analysis.The data shows 7,8-dihydroneopterin down regulates CD36 expression by decreasing the level of lipid oxide stimulation of PPAR-γ promotor activity, potentially through lipoxygenase inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Ghodsian
- Free Radical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Anthony Yeandle
- Free Radical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Barry D Hock
- Haematology Research Group, Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand
| | - Steven P Gieseg
- Free Radical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Department of Radiology, University of Otago Christchurch, New Zealand.,MARS Bioimaging Ltd., 29a Clyde Rd, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Malézieux-Picard A, Nascè A, Azurmendi L, Pagano S, Vuilleumier N, Sanchez JC, Reny JL, Zekry D, Roux X, Stirnemann J, Garin N, Prendki V. Kinetics of inflammatory biomarkers to predict one-year mortality in older patients hospitalized for pneumonia: a multivariable analysis. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 122:63-69. [PMID: 35550179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long-term mortality is increased in older patients with pneumonia. We aimed to test whether residual inflammation is predictive of one-year mortality after pneumonia. METHODS Inflammation biomarkers (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, serum amyloid A, neopterin, myeloperoxidase, anti-apolipoprotein A-1, and anti-phosphorylcholine IgM) were measured at admission and discharge in older patients hospitalized for pneumonia in a prospective study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using absolute level at discharge and relative and absolute differences between admission and discharge for all biomarkers, along with usual prognostic factors. RESULTS In the 133 included patients (median age, 83 years [interquartile range: 78-89]), one-year mortality was 26%. In univariate analysis, the relative difference of CRP levels had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60-0.80). A decrease of CRP levels of more than 67% between admission and discharge had 68% sensitivity and 68% specificity to predict survival. In multivariate analysis, lower body mass index (hazard ratio=0.87 [CI 95% 0.79-0.96], P-value=0.01), higher IL-8 (hazard ratio=1.02 [CI 95% 1.00-1.04], P-value=0.02), and higher CRP (1.01 [95% CI 1.00-1.02], P=0.01) at discharge were independently associated with mortality. CONCLUSION Higher IL-8 and CRP levels at discharge were independently associated with one-year mortality. The relative CRP difference during hospitalization was the best individual biomarker for predicting one-year mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Malézieux-Picard
- Division of Internal Medicine for the Elderly, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland.
| | - Alberto Nascè
- Division of Internal Medicine for the Elderly, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Leire Azurmendi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Pagano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland; Division of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Vuilleumier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland; Division of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Charles Sanchez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Reny
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Dina Zekry
- Division of Internal Medicine for the Elderly, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Roux
- Division of Internal Medicine for the Elderly, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland; Intensive Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Stirnemann
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Garin
- Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland; Department of General Internal Medicine, Riviera-Chablais Hospital, Rennaz, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Prendki
- Division of Internal Medicine for the Elderly, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Genève, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Role of Clinical Characteristics and Biomarkers at Admission to Predict One-Year Mortality in Elderly Patients with Pneumonia. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010105. [PMID: 35011845 PMCID: PMC8745347 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia results in a decrease in long-term survival in elderly patients. We assessed biomarkers at admission to predict one-year mortality in a cohort of elderly patients with pneumonia. METHODS A prospective observational study included patients >65 years hospitalized with pneumonia. Assessment of PSI, CURB-65, and biomarkers (C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), NT-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), interleukin (IL)-6 and -8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), serum amyloid A (SAA), neopterin (NP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), anti-apolipoprotein A-1 IgG (anti-apoA-1), and anti-phosphorylcholine IgM (anti-PC IgM)) was used to calculate prognostic values for one-year mortality using ROC curve analyses. Post hoc optimal cutoffs with corresponding sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) were determined using the Youden index. RESULTS A total of 133 patients were included (median age 83 years [IQR: 78-89]). Age, dementia, BMI, NT-proBNP (AUROC 0.65 (95% CI: 0.55-0.77)), and IL-8 (AUROC 0.66 (95% CI: 0.56-0.75)) were significantly associated with mortality, with NT-proBNP (HR 1.01 (95% CI 1.00-1.02) and BMI (HR 0.92 (95% CI 0.85-1.000) being independent of age, gender, comorbidities, and PSI with Cox regression. At the cutoff value of 2200 ng/L, NT-proBNP had 67% sensitivity and 70% specificity. PSI and CURB-65 were not associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS NT-proBNP levels upon admission and BMI displayed the highest prognostic accuracy for one-year mortality and may help clinicians to identify patients with poor long-term prognosis.
Collapse
|
6
|
Gray M, Marland JRK, Murray AF, Argyle DJ, Potter MA. Predictive and Diagnostic Biomarkers of Anastomotic Leakage: A Precision Medicine Approach for Colorectal Cancer Patients. J Pers Med 2021; 11:471. [PMID: 34070593 PMCID: PMC8229046 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of an anastomotic leak (AL) following intestinal surgery for the treatment of colorectal cancers is a life-threatening complication. Failure of the anastomosis to heal correctly can lead to contamination of the abdomen with intestinal contents and the development of peritonitis. The additional care that these patients require is associated with longer hospitalisation stays and increased economic costs. Patients also have higher morbidity and mortality rates and poorer oncological prognosis. Unfortunately, current practices for AL diagnosis are non-specific, which may delay diagnosis and have a negative impact on patient outcome. To overcome these issues, research is continuing to identify AL diagnostic or predictive biomarkers. In this review, we highlight promising candidate biomarkers including ischaemic metabolites, inflammatory markers and bacteria. Although research has focused on the use of blood or peritoneal fluid samples, we describe the use of implantable medical devices that have been designed to measure biomarkers in peri-anastomotic tissue. Biomarkers that can be used in conjunction with clinical status, routine haematological and biochemical analysis and imaging have the potential to help to deliver a precision medicine package that could significantly enhance a patient's post-operative care and improve outcomes. Although no AL biomarker has yet been validated in large-scale clinical trials, there is confidence that personalised medicine, through biomarker analysis, could be realised for colorectal cancer intestinal resection and anastomosis patients in the years to come.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gray
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK;
| | - Jamie R. K. Marland
- School of Engineering, Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano Systems, University of Edinburgh, Scottish Microelectronics Centre, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK;
| | - Alan F. Murray
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, University of Edinburgh, Faraday Building, The King’s Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, UK;
| | - David J. Argyle
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK;
| | - Mark A. Potter
- Department of Surgery, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matiollo C, Rateke ECDM, de Oliveira KG, Turnes BL, da Silva TE, Maccali C, Latini AS, Narciso-Schiavon JL, Schiavon LL. Elevated neopterin levels are associated with acute-on-chronic liver failure and mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis. Dig Liver Dis 2020; 52:753-760. [PMID: 32434738 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage activation plays a central role in hepatic and systemic inflammation and is involved in the pathogenesis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). AIMS This study aimed to investigate neopterin levels in patients admitted for acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis, evaluating its relationship with ACLF and prognosis. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 205 adult subjects hospitalized for AD of cirrhosis. Twenty-one healthy subjects and 89 patients with stable cirrhosis were evaluated as controls. RESULTS Circulating neopterin was higher in AD as compared to stable cirrhosis and healthy controls (p<0.001). ACLF was independently associated with higher neopterin levels (OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.002-1.028, p = 0.025). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, neopterin levels (HR = 1.002, IC 95% 1.000-1.004, p = 0.041), Child-Pugh class C, and ACLF were predictors of 30-day survival. Among patients with ACLF, the Kaplan-Meier survival probability was 71.4% in those with neopterin levels < 25 nmol/L and 31.0% if neopterin ≥ 25 nmol/L (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Higher circulating neopterin was associated with ACLF in patients hospitalized for AD of cirrhosis. Neopterin levels were also independently predictors of high short-term mortality, especially among patients with ACLF, and could represent a useful biomarker of macrophage activation in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Matiollo
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Karina Ghisoni de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo - LABOX, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Bruna Lenfers Turnes
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo - LABOX, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Telma Erotides da Silva
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Claudia Maccali
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Susana Latini
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo - LABOX, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Janaína Luz Narciso-Schiavon
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - L L Schiavon
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koç DÖ, Özhan Y, Acar ET, Bireroğlu N, Aslan F, Keğin M, Sipahi H. Serum Neopterin Levels and IDO Activity as Possible Markers for Presence and Progression of Hepatitis B. Pteridines 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still one of the major reasons for liver related mortality and morbidity all around the world. This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between the immune system activation and presence, as well as progression, of hepatitis B infection by monitoring the tryptophan degradation and serum neopterin levels in patients with HBV. 110 patients with HBV and 23 healthy subjects were included in the study. The patients had significantly higher neopterin levels and increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratios, which were most probably due to enhanced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity compared to healthy control. A strong positive correlation was found between neopterin levels and IDO activity in patient group. Neopterin levels and IDO activity were markedly increased in patients with histological activity index (HAI) ≥4 compared to HAI<4, and a significant correlation was found between neopterin and HAI. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between albumin levels and IDO activity in HBV patients. These findings suggest that tryptophan degradation results from IFN-γ-induced IDO activation, likewise depletion of albumin synthesis in HBV patients may result from diminished tryptophan availability. In conclusion, based on the study results, serum neopterin levels and IDO activity could provide additional immunological information for monitoring liver histological activity and can be used as prognostic markers in HBV disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Öğütmen Koç
- Department of Gastroenterology , University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital , 34255, Gaziosmanpaşa, Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Yağmur Özhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Yeditepe University , 34755, Atasehir, Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Ebru Türköz Acar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Yeditepe University , 34755, Atasehir, Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Nilgün Bireroğlu
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital , 34255, Gaziosmanpaşa, Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Fatih Aslan
- Department of Internal Medicine , University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital , 34255, Gaziosmanpaşa, Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Murat Keğin
- Department of Surgery , University of Health Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital , 34255, Gaziosmanpaşa, Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Hande Sipahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Yeditepe University , 34755, Atasehir, Istanbul , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oxidative stress and immune cell activation quantification in sepsis and non-sepsis critical care patients by neopterin/7,8-dihydroneopterin analysis. Pteridines 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin are used as biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, but the effect of kidney function on these measurements has not been extensively explored. We examine the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and kidney function in intensive patients and compare them to equivalent patients without sepsis.
Methods: 34 Intensive care patients were selected for the study, 14 without sepsis and 20 with. Both groups had equivalent levels of trauma, assessed by SAPS II, SOFA, and APACHE II and III scores. Plasma and urinary neopterin and total neopterin (neopterin + 7,8-dihydroneopterin) values were measured.
Results: Neopterin and total neopterin were significantly elevated in urine and plasma for multiple days in sepsis versus non-sepsis patients. Plasma neopterin and total neopterin have decreasing relationships with increased eGFR (p<0.008 and p<0.001, respectively). Plasma/urinary neopterin and total neopterin ratios demonstrate that total neopterin flux is more influenced by eGFR than neopterin, with significantce of p<0.02 and p<0.0002 respectively.
Conclusion: Sepsis patients present with greater levels of oxidative stress and immune system activation than non-sepsis patients of equal levels of trauma, as measured by neopterin and total neopterin. eGFR may need to be taken into account when accessing the level of inflammation from urinary neopterin measurements.
Collapse
|
10
|
El-Deeb W, Elsohaby I, Fayez M, Mkrtchyan HV, El-Etriby D, ElGioushy M. Use of procalcitonin, neopterin, haptoglobin, serum amyloid A and proinflammatory cytokines in diagnosis and prognosis of bovine respiratory disease in feedlot calves under field conditions. Acta Trop 2020; 204:105336. [PMID: 31926143 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) have long been considered a serious problem that causes major economic losses in feedlot calves (FC). This study aimed to determine the diagnostic and prognostic effect of selected biological markers including, procalcitonin (PCT), neopterin (NP), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, IF-γ), haptoglobin (HP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) on FC with BRD under field conditions. Sixty-nine FC that were identified to be infected with Mannheimia haemolytica and Histophilus somni and had different clinical respiratory signs (diseased group) were selected for this study. In addition, 20 healthy FC have been selected as a control group. We have detected higher serum levels of PCT, NP, HP, SAA, IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α and IF-γ in diseased FC group compared with the control group. All tested markers revealed a high level of discrimination between BRD infected FC and healthy ones (AUC > 0.90). Moreover, the obtained data showed a high degree of prognostic accuracy for PCT, NP, IL-8, HP, IF-γ and IL-1β in predicting treatment response of FC with BRD at the selected thresholds (AUC = 0.99, 0.99, 0.97, 0.93, 0.88 and 0.82, respectively). Significant inhibition was observed for the selected biochemical markers in treated FC 7 days post-treatment. In conclusion, this study showed that BRD in FC was associated with significant alterations in serum APPs, proinflammatory cytokines, PCT and NPT levels. Furthermore, it demonstrated that these serum biomarkers are much higher in FC with BRD compared to recovered ones. Our data suggest that the measurement of PCT, NPT, APPs and cytokines together with the clinical examination may be a useful diagnostic and prognostic tool for assessment of FC naturally infected with M. haemolytica and H. somni.
Collapse
|
11
|
Koç DÖ, Sipahi H, Sürmeli CD, Çalık M, Bireroğlu N, Öksüz S, Baydar T, Şahin G. Serum Neopterin Levels and the Clinical Presentation of COVID-19. Pteridines 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is important to evaluate disease activity and investigate possible biomarkers. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationship between disease activity and serum levels of possible immune activation marker neopterin in patients with COVID-19. The study enrolled 45 patients (23 females, 51.1%) treated for COVID-19. The patients were divided into two groups according to their clinical presentation: those who recovered quickly (Group 1) and those who worsened progressively (Group 2). The neopterin and C-reactive protein levels were high in all patients on admission. In Group 1, neopterin concentrations and serum neopterin/creatinine ratios were significantly higher on admission compared to Day 14 of the disease, whereas in Group 2, levels were significantly higher at Day 14 of the disease than on admission. Neopterin levels at admission were significantly higher in Group 1. The serum neopterin concentrations at admission were markedly higher in patients with a derived neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) > 2.8 compared to those with a dNLR ≤ 2.8 (p < 0.05). Serum neopterin levels can be used as a prognostic biomarker in predicting disease activity in COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Öğütmen Koç
- Department of Gastroenterology , University of Health Sciences Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Hande Sipahi
- YDepartment of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Yeditepe University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Cemile Dilşah Sürmeli
- Department of Chest Diseases , University of Health Sciences Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çalık
- Department of Emergency Medicine , University of Health Sciences Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Nilgün Bireroğlu
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Health Sciences Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Sıla Öksüz
- Department of Internal Medicine , University of Health Sciences Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Gönül Şahin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Eastern Mediterranean University , Famagusta, Northern Cyprus , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sabuncuoğlu S, Öztaş Y, Yalcinkaya A, Ünal S, Baydar T, Girgin G. The increased neopterin content in turkish pediatric patients with sickle cell anemia. Ann Hematol 2019; 99:41-47. [PMID: 31760485 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-019-03817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the possible activation of cellular immunity in SCD patients was investigated. As immune activation parameters, neopterin concentrations and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio for tryptophan degradation in 35 pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (31 HbSS and 4 HbSß) were determined. Our results have shown that neopterin levels (both urinary and serum) are increased in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease. The increase in neopterin concentration was accompanied by significantly increased biopterin, kynurenine concentration and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio. The mechanism of immune activation and the effects of inflammatory mediators in sickle cell disease are poorly understood, especially in terms of cell-mediated immunity. Further in-vivo and in-vitro studies are required to illuminate the association between neopterin levels and neutrophil activation in sickle cell disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suna Sabuncuoğlu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye-, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Öztaş
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye-, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yalcinkaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye-, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selma Ünal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye-, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gözde Girgin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye-, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pterins as Diagnostic Markers of Mechanical and Impact-Induced Trauma: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091383. [PMID: 31484468 PMCID: PMC6780259 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a systematic review of the literature to evaluate pterins as biomarkers of mechanical and impact-induced trauma. MEDLINE and Scopus were searched in March 2019. We included in vivo human studies that measured a pterin in response to mechanical or impact-induced trauma with no underlying prior disease or complication. We included 40 studies with a total of 3829 subjects. Seventy-seven percent of studies measured a significant increase in a pterin, primarily neopterin or total neopterin (neopterin + 7,8-dihydroneopterin). Fifty-one percent of studies measured an increase within 24 h of trauma, while 46% measured increases beyond 48 h. Pterins also showed promise as predictors of post-trauma complications such as sepsis, multi-organ failure and mortality. Exercise-induced trauma and traumatic brain injury caused an immediate increase in neopterin or total neopterin, while patients of multiple trauma had elevated pterin levels that remained above baseline for several days. Pterin concentration changes in response to surgery were variable with patients undergoing cardiac surgery having immediate and sustained pterin increases, while gastrectomy, liver resection or hysterectomy showed no change. This review provides systematic evidence that pterins, in particular neopterin and total neopterin, increase in response to multiple forms of mechanical or impact-induced trauma.
Collapse
|
14
|
Whiley L, Nye LC, Grant I, Andreas N, Chappell KE, Sarafian MH, Misra R, Plumb RS, Lewis MR, Nicholson JK, Holmes E, Swann JR, Wilson ID. Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Electrospray Ionization Quantification of Tryptophan Metabolites and Markers of Gut Health in Serum and Plasma-Application to Clinical and Epidemiology Cohorts. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5207-5216. [PMID: 30848589 PMCID: PMC6503468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A targeted
ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass
spectrometry with electrospray ionization (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method
has been developed for the quantification of tryptophan and its downstream
metabolites from the kynurenine and serotonin pathways. The assay
coverage also includes markers of gut health and inflammation, including
citrulline and neopterin. The method was designed in 96-well plate
format for application in multiday, multiplate clinical and epidemiology
population studies. A chromatographic cycle time of 7 min enables
the analysis of two 96-well plates in 24 h. To protect chromatographic
column lifespan, samples underwent a two-step extraction, using solvent
protein precipitation followed by delipidation via solid-phase extraction
(SPE). Analytical validation reported accuracy of each analyte <20%
for the lowest limit of quantification and <15% for all other quality
control (QC) levels. The analytical precision for each analyte was
2.1–12.9%. To test the applicability of the method to multiplate
and multiday preparations, a serum pool underwent periodic repeat
analysis during a run consisting of 18 plates. The % CV (coefficient
of variation) values obtained for each analyte were <15%. Additional
biological testing applied the assay to samples collected from healthy
control participants and two groups diagnosed with inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD) (one group treated with the anti-inflammatory 5-aminosalicylic
acid (5-ASA) and one group untreated), with results showing significant
differences in the concentrations of picolinic acid, kynurenine, and
xanthurenic acid. The short analysis time and 96-well plate format
of the assay makes it suitable for high-throughput targeted UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS
metabolomic analysis in large-scale clinical and epidemiological population
studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Whiley
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Burlington Danes Building , Imperial College London , Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN , United Kingdom.,MRC-NIHR National Phenome Centre, IRDB Building , Imperial College London , Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN , United Kingdom
| | - Leanne C Nye
- Division of Integrative Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Isobelle Grant
- Division of Integrative Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom.,Waters Corporation , Milford , Massachusetts 01757 , United States
| | - Nick Andreas
- Division of Integrative Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Katie E Chappell
- MRC-NIHR National Phenome Centre, IRDB Building , Imperial College London , Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN , United Kingdom
| | - Magali H Sarafian
- Division of Integrative Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Ravi Misra
- St. Marks Hospital and Academic Institute , Watford Road , Middlesex, London HA1 3UJ , United Kingdom
| | - Robert S Plumb
- Waters Corporation , Milford , Massachusetts 01757 , United States
| | - Matthew R Lewis
- MRC-NIHR National Phenome Centre, IRDB Building , Imperial College London , Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN , United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy K Nicholson
- Australian National Phenome Centre , Murdoch University , Harry Perkins Building , Perth , Western Australia 6150 , Australia
| | - Elaine Holmes
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Burlington Danes Building , Imperial College London , Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN , United Kingdom.,MRC-NIHR National Phenome Centre, IRDB Building , Imperial College London , Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN , United Kingdom.,Division of Integrative Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom.,Australian National Phenome Centre , Murdoch University , Harry Perkins Building , Perth , Western Australia 6150 , Australia
| | - Jonathan R Swann
- Division of Integrative Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Ian D Wilson
- Division of Integrative Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Plasma growth differentiation factor-15 is an independent marker for aggressive disease in endometrial cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210585. [PMID: 30645608 PMCID: PMC6333370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Better biomarkers are needed in order to identify patients with endometrial carcinoma at risk of recurrence and who may profit from a more aggressive treatment regimen. Our objective was to explore the applicability of plasma growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) as a marker for recurrent disease, as well as a marker for poor prognosis and lymph node metastases. METHODS EDTA-blood samples were obtained from 235 patients with endometrial cancer before primary surgery. For 36 of these patients, matching blood samples were collected at time of recurrence. Blood samples were also collected from 78 patients with endometrial hyperplasia. Plasma GDF-15 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Preoperative pelvic MRI scans for 141 patients were investigated in parallel for imaging variables. RESULTS Preoperative plasma level of GDF-15 was significantly higher for patients who experienced recurrence (1780 ng/L; 95% CI; 518-9475 ng/L) than for patients who did not develop recurrent disease (1236 ng/L; 95% CI; 307-7030 ng/L) (p<0.001). Plasma levels of GDF-15 at recurrence (2818 ng/L, 95% CI 2088-3548 ng/L) were significantly higher than plasma levels of GDF-15 measured at time of primary diagnosis (1857 ng/L, 95% CI; 1317-2398 ng/L) (p = 0.001). High plasma level GDF-15 independently predicts recurrent disease (OR = 3.14; 95% CI 2.10-4.76) and lymph node metastases (OR = 2.64; 95% CI 1.52-4.61). Patients with high plasma level of GDF-15 had significantly larger tumor volume (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION Elevated plasma level of GDF-15 is associated with aggressive disease and lymph node metastasis in endometrial carcinoma. GDF-15 may be helpful in indicating recurrent disease.
Collapse
|
16
|
Neopterin, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress: What Could We Be Missing? Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7070080. [PMID: 29949851 PMCID: PMC6071275 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7070080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neopterin has been extensively used as a clinical marker of immune activation during inflammation in a wide range of conditions and stresses. However, the analysis of neopterin alone neglects the cellular reactions that generate it in response to interferon-γ. Neopterin is the oxidation product of 7,8-dihydroneopterin, which is a potent antioxidant generated by interferon-γ-activated macrophages. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin can protect macrophage cells from a range of oxidants through a scavenging reaction that generates either neopterin or dihydroxanthopterin, depending on the oxidant. Therefore, plasma and urinary neopterin levels are dependent on both macrophage activation to generate 7,8-dihydroneopterin and subsequent oxidation to neopterin. This relationship is clearly shown in studies of exercise and impact-induced injury during intense contact sport. Here, we argue that neopterin and total neopterin, which is the combined value of 7,8-dihydroneopterin and neopterin, could provide a more comprehensive analysis of clinical inflammation than neopterin alone.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mohammadi H, Farhang Dehghan S, Tahamtan A, Golbabaei F. Evaluation of potential biomarkers of exposure to crystalline silica: A case study in an insulator manufacturer. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:491-498. [PMID: 29734927 DOI: 10.1177/0748233718770073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the potential determinants of serum neopterin, malondialdehyde (MDA), and erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) as potential markers of oxidative stress, resulting in cellular immune response to inhaled silica particles. This descriptive analytical study was conducted on two groups of exposed workers ( n = 55) and unexposed office workers ( n = 38) of an insulator manufacturing plant. The sampling of airborne silica in the breathing zone of participants was done on the basis of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Method 7601. The blood samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography to determine the level of serum neopterin. A ZellBio GmbH assay kit was used for the quantitative assays of GSH and MDA on the basis of the colorimetric assay. The results of this study show that the measurements of serum neopterin, MDA, and GSH can be considered as potential biological markers of silica exposure for undertaking further comprehensive studies in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamzeh Mohammadi
- 1 Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Farhang Dehghan
- 2 Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Tahamtan
- 3 Infectious Disease Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,4 Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Farideh Golbabaei
- 5 Department of Occupational Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Neopterin, kynurenine and tryptophan as new biomarkers for early detection of rectal anastomotic leakage. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2018; 13:44-52. [PMID: 29643957 PMCID: PMC5890852 DOI: 10.5114/wiitm.2018.73363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction At present, there are no strong predictors, nor a useful scoring system, that clearly identifies patients at risk for anastomotic leakage. Aim This study aimed to investigate a new method that assesses this risk by monitoring levels of neopterin, tryptophan, and kynurenine, in bodily fluids. Material and methods This prospective study included patients who underwent elective rectal resection for carcinoma. The basic condition for inclusion was rectal anastomosis using the double-stapling technique. Preoperative levels of neopterin, tryptophan, kynurenine, and their ratios, were assessed with blood and urine samples. These levels were then monitored for 6 postoperative days in venous blood, urine, and abdominal drainage fluid. Results A total of 42 patients were enrolled in the study. Thirty-six patients underwent a laparoscopic resection and 6 patients had an open procedure. No differences were found among neopterin, tryptophan, and kynurenine serum levels. However, the groups were observed to have significant differences in the urinary neopterin/creatinine ratio: the preoperative neopterin/creatinine ratio was 139.5 μmol/mol in the group with leakage, vs 114.8 μmol/mol in the group without complications, p = 0.037. The same results were observed during the postoperative period, p = 0.012. Additionally, the group with complications had a higher mean value of neopterin in drainage fluid, p = 0.048. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that high preoperative levels of urinary neopterin could be interpreted as a risk for anastomotic leakage. Moreover, pathological levels of neopterin in urine and abdominal drainage fluid could be useful for early identification of anastomotic leakage during the postoperative period prior to its clinical development.
Collapse
|
19
|
Gil-Gómez R, Blasco-Alonso J, Sánchez-Yáñez P, Rosa-Camacho V, Milano Manso G. [Neopterin levels and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in pediatric critically ill patients]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2017; 87:343-349. [PMID: 28442215 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neopterin and biopterin are sub-products of redox reactions, which act as cofactors of enzymes responsible for nitric oxide production. The hypothesis is presented that plasma neopterin and biopterin evolve differently during the first days in a critically ill child. METHODS A single-centre prospective observational study was conducted on patients 7 days to 14 years admitted to our Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and that met Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria. Neopterin and biopterin levels, as well as other acute phase reactants, were collected at admission and at 24 h. RESULTS A total of 28 patients were included, of which 78.9% were male, The median age was 5.04 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.47-10.26), and PRISM II 2.0% (IQR 1.1-5.0). Mechanical ventilation (MV) was used in 90% of patients, with a median duration of 6.0 hrs (IQR 3.7-102.0). The median length of stay in PICU was 5.0 days (IQR 2.7-18.7), maximum VIS mean of 0 (IQR 0-14). Baseline neopterin level was 2.3±1.2 nmol/l and at 24 h it was 2.3±1.4 nmol/l. Baseline biopterin was 1.3±0.5 nmol/l and 1.4±0.4 nmol/l at 24 h. Neopterin levels were significantly higher in patients with PICU length of stay > 6 days (P=.02), patients who needed MV >24 h (P=.023), and those who developed complications (P=.05). Neopterin correlates directly and is statistically significant with the duration of MV (rho=.6, P=.011), PICU length of stay (rho=.75, P<.0001), and VIS (rho=.73, P=.001). Additionally, biopterin directly correlates with the PRISM (rho=.61, P=.008). DISCUSSION There is a higher neopterin level when there is a longer PICU stay, higher VIS score, longer time on MV, and occurrence of complications, indicating the involvement of an activation of the cellular immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Gil-Gómez
- UGC de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias Pediátricas, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España
| | - Javier Blasco-Alonso
- Unidad de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Nutrición Infantil, UGC de Pediatría, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España; Grupo IBIMA Multidisciplinar Pediátrico de Investigación, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, España.
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Yáñez
- UGC de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias Pediátricas, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España
| | - Vanessa Rosa-Camacho
- UGC de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias Pediátricas, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España
| | - Guillermo Milano Manso
- UGC de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias Pediátricas, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España; Grupo IBIMA Multidisciplinar Pediátrico de Investigación, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, España
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gil-Gómez R, Blasco-Alonso J, Sánchez-Yáñez P, Rosa-Camacho V, Milano G. Neopterin levels and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in pediatric critically ill patients. An Pediatr (Barc) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
21
|
Cinici E, Palabiyik SS, Sipahi H, Baydar T. Nitrite, neopterin levels and tryptophan degradation in allergic conjunctivitis. Int Ophthalmol 2017; 38:1871-1878. [PMID: 28779270 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-017-0669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aims to evaluate changes in neopterin levels and tryptophan degradation which are induced by Th1-type immune response and nitric oxide metabolism which may be involved in allergic inflammation. METHODS Serum nitrite, kynurenine, tryptophan and neopterin levels were evaluated in 36 patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, along with these values in 41 healthy subjects. All these parameters have been compared with symptom and sign scores. RESULTS Tryptophan and kynurenine concentrations were not significantly changed, while serum nitrite concentrations were significantly low, and neopterin levels were significantly increased in patients compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between symptom scores and serum nitrite levels in patients. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study demonstrates that serum nitric oxide metabolism might have a role in allergic conjunctivitis. Serum neopterin levels but not tryptophan metabolism could serve as a biomarker in patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Cinici
- Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Saziye Sezin Palabiyik
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, 90-25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Hande Sipahi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sipahi H, Girgin G, Palabiyik SS, Tutkun E, Yilmaz OH, Baydar T. Possible changes of New-Generation inflammation markers with occupational lead exposure. J Occup Health 2017; 59:345-351. [PMID: 28592710 PMCID: PMC5557821 DOI: 10.1539/joh.16-0273-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Occupational lead (Pb) exposure is still an important health problem in the world. Long-term Pb exposure causes several adverse effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of inflammation markers with chronic Pb exposure by analyzing neopterin levels and kynurenine (Kyn) to tryptophan (Trp) ratio that reflects indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity and to compare with healthy volunteers' parameters. METHODS Blood lead levels (BLLs) were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Urinary neopterin and serum Kyn and Trp levels were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS According to our results, mean BLL of the 29 workers was 20.4±9.6 μg/dl. Urinary neopterin levels, serum Kyn levels, and Kyn/Trp of Pb workers (188±52 μmol/mol creatinine, 2.70±0.66 μM, and 43.19±10.38 μmol/mmol, respectively) were significantly higher than controls (144±35 μmol/mol creatinine, 2.08±0.34 μM, and 32.24±7.69 μmol/mmol, respectively). Pb-exposed workers were divided into further three groups according to their BLLs: as 10-19 μg/dl (n=18), 20-29 μg/dl (n=8), and 30-49 μg/dl (n=3). Neopterin levels of the workers with BLL of 30-49 μg/dl were significantly higher than those of BLL with 10-29 μg/dl, while Trp levels decreased. Kyn/Trp of workers with BLL of 30-49 μg/dl were elevated significantly compared with the workers with BLL<30 μg/dl. In addition to neopterin, Kyn and Kyn/Trp levels were positively influenced by Pb exposure. CONCLUSIONS Increased level of inflammation markers confirms the adverse effects of Pb even low BLLs, and we suggest that monitoring BLLs with inflammation markers could help to prevent serious occupational health problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hande Sipahi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Yeditepe
| | - Gozde Girgin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Hacettepe
| | - Saziye Sezin Palabiyik
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Hacettepe
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Atatürk
| | - Engin Tutkun
- Ankara Occupational Diseases Hospital
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University
| | | | - Terken Baydar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Hacettepe
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Palabiyik SS, Keles S, Girgin G, Arpali-Tanas E, Topdagi E, Baydar T. Neopterin Release and Tryptophan Degradation in Patients with Uveitis. Curr Eye Res 2016; 41:1513-1517. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1133830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saziye Sezin Palabiyik
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sadullah Keles
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gözde Girgin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eren Arpali-Tanas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erzurum Regional Training, and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Elif Topdagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mohammadi H, Dehghan SF, Golbabaei F, Ansari M, Yaseri M, Roshani S, Divani R. Evaluation of Serum and Urinary Neopterin Levels as a Biomarker for Occupational Exposure to Crystalline Silica. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2016; 6:274-279. [PMID: 28503343 PMCID: PMC5414438 DOI: 10.4103/amhsr.amhsr_140_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Crystalline silica is a commonly used mineral in various industries and construction activities, and it is so important introducing potential biomarkers to identify early indicators of biological effects in its high-risk occupational exposures. Aim: The present study was aimed to assess the blood and urinary neopterin as an early biomarker of exposure in the workers of an insulator manufacturing plant who are exposed to crystalline silica. Subjects and Methods: This analytical descriptive study was done among two groups of exposed workers (n = 55) and unexposed office workers (n = 38) of an insulator manufacturing plant. Statistical software R was used to determine sample size and select the participants by random sampling among nonsmoker workers. Sampling of airborne silica in breathing zone of participants was done based on the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health method 7601. The urinary and blood samples were collected and prepared for analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography to determine the level of urinary and serum neopterin. All of the statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS 22. Results: The airborne silica concentration was significantly different between two exposed and unexposed groups (P < 0.001, 0.27 [0.11] vs. 0.0028 [0.0006] mg/m3, respectively). The urinary neopterin in exposed group is significantly higher than the unexposed one (P < 0.001, 97.67 [30.24] vs. 55.52 [2.18] μmol/mol creatinine, respectively). Neopterin level of serum in exposed group is higher than the unexposed group, and there is a significant difference between them (P < 0.001, 6.90 [2.70] vs. 2.20 [1.20] nmol/l, respectively). The positive significant correlations were found between silica exposure concentration with urinary and serum neopterin (P < 0.001, r = 0.36 and 0.59, respectively). Conclusions: Considering the sensitively and easily measurement of neopterin in biological fluid and also the statistically significant positive relationships which were found between the airborne silica concentration and neopterin levels in the present study, the serum and urinary neopterin levels can be considered the potential biomarkers of silica exposure for doing further comprehensive studies in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Mohammadi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S F Dehghan
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Golbabaei
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ansari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Yaseri
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Roshani
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Divani
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Oweira H, Lahdou I, Daniel V, Hofer S, Mieth M, Schmidt J, Schemmer P, Opelz G, Mehrabi A, Sadeghi M. Early post-transplant neopterin associated with one year survival and bacteremia in liver transplant recipients. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:115-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
26
|
Zvarik M, Martinicky D, Hunakova L, Sikurova L. Differences in pteridine urinary levels in patients with malignant and benign ovarian tumors in comparison with healthy individuals. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2015; 153:191-7. [PMID: 26414289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pteridines belong to a class of fluorescent metabolites that are excreted by humans in urine and their concentrations can reflect various pathophysiological states. We quantified the differences in urinary pteridine levels in patients with malignant and benign ovarian tumors and in healthy individuals. Urine samples were centrifuged and supernatants were oxidized by MnO2 before analysis. Levels of neopterin, biopterin, and pterin were assessed by fluorescence analysis of human urine after HPLC separation. We have revealed that the median neopterin levels were higher in urine samples from patients with malignant (0.226 μmol/mmol creatinine) and benign ovarian tumors (0.150 μmol/mmol creatinine) than in healthy subjects (0.056 μmol/mmol creatinine). The median neopterin levels of patients with malignant tumors were higher (1.5-times) than in patients with benign tumors. The median biopterin level in urine of patients with benign ovarian tumors (0.268 μmol/mmol creatinine) was found to be very close to the level in patients with malignant ovarian tumors (0.239 μmol/mmol creatinine), and both were higher than in healthy samples (0.096 μmol/mmol creatinine). The levels of urine pterin followed a pattern similar to neopterin levels for both ovarian tumors, but their concentrations were about three times lower than neopterin levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Zvarik
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - D Martinicky
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - L Hunakova
- Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - L Sikurova
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Starr A, Sand CA, Heikal L, Kelly PD, Spina D, Crabtree M, Channon KM, Leiper JM, Nandi M. Overexpression of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 feedback regulatory protein is protective in a murine model of septic shock. Shock 2014; 42:432-9. [PMID: 25046538 PMCID: PMC4851220 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) by inducible NO synthase contributes toward refractory hypotension, impaired microvascular perfusion, and end-organ damage in septic shock patients. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential NOS cofactor. GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for BH4 biosynthesis. Under inflammatory conditions, GCH1 activity and hence BH4 levels are increased, supporting pathological NOS activity. GCH1 activity can be controlled through allosteric interactions with GCH1 feedback regulatory protein (GFRP). We investigated whether overexpression of GFRP can regulate BH4 and NO production and attenuate cardiovascular dysfunction in sepsis. Sepsis was induced in mice conditionally overexpressing GFRP and wild-type littermates by cecal ligation and puncture. Blood pressure was monitored by radiotelemetry, and mesenteric blood flow was quantified by laser speckle contrast imaging. Blood biochemistry data were obtained using an iSTAT analyzer, and BH4 levels were measured in plasma and tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography. Increased BH4 and NO production and hypotension were observed in all mice, but the extents of these pathophysiological changes were attenuated in GFRP OE mice. Perturbations in blood biochemistry were similarly attenuated in GFRP OE compared with wild-type controls. These results suggest that GFRP overexpression regulates GCH1 activity during septic shock, which in turn limits BH4 bioavailability for iNOS. We conclude that the GCH1-GFRP axis is a critical regulator of BH4 and NO production and the cardiovascular derangements that occur in septic shock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Starr
- *Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London; and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London; and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claire A. Sand
- *Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London; and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London; and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lamia Heikal
- *Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London; and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London; and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D. Kelly
- *Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London; and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London; and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Domenico Spina
- *Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London; and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London; and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Crabtree
- *Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London; and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London; and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Keith M. Channon
- *Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London; and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London; and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James M. Leiper
- *Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London; and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London; and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Manasi Nandi
- *Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London; and MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London; and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Santonocito C, De Loecker I, Donadello K, Moussa MD, Markowicz S, Gullo A, Vincent JL. C-Reactive Protein Kinetics After Major Surgery. Anesth Analg 2014; 119:624-629. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000000263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
29
|
Tomšíková H, Solich P, Nováková L. Sample preparation and UHPLC-FD analysis of pteridines in human urine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 95:265-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
30
|
Warwick G, Thomas PS, Yates DH. Non-invasive biomarkers in exacerbations of obstructive lung disease. Respirology 2014; 18:874-84. [PMID: 23521049 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Current methods of diagnosing exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) shed little light on their aetiology or pathophysiology. This study aimed to define the inflammatory biomarker profile of subjects with obstructive lung disease and to compare these with control subjects also with respiratory infections, using exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and induced sputum biomarker analysis. METHODS EBC, induced sputum and C-reactive protein were collected from subjects with exacerbations of asthma (n = 28), exacerbations of COPD (n = 29) and otherwise healthy controls with symptoms of respiratory tract infection (n = 28). Subjects were tested again after recovery. EBC and induced sputum were analysed for protein, hydrogen peroxide, interferon gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10), neopterin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, leukotriene B4 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Sputum cell counts and EBC pH were also analysed. RESULTS EBC pH was significantly lower in exacerbation compared with recovery (5.54 0.07 vs 6.04 ± 0.08; P < 0.001). The novel markers IP-10 and neopterin were significantly increased in induced sputum supernatant (pooled groups pre and post exacerbation: IP-10: 188.6 ± 102.1 vs 5.40 ± 1.28 pg/mL, P = 0.006; neopterin: 15.81 ± 2.50 vs 5.38 ± 0.45 nmol/L, P < 0.0001), as was TNF-α (137.8 ± 49.64 vs 71.56 ± 45.03 pg/mL, P = 0.018). Few other biomarkers proved significantly different in exacerbation, although C-reactive protein was raised. CONCLUSIONS Non-invasive biomarker assessment may provide useful information in exacerbation of obstructive lung diseases, particularly sputum IP-10 and neopterin and EBC pH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Warwick
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Neopterin in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Infectious Diseases. J Biomark 2013; 2013:196432. [PMID: 26317013 PMCID: PMC4437389 DOI: 10.1155/2013/196432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Neopterin is produced by activated monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells upon stimulation by interferon gamma produced by T-lymphocytes. Quantification of neopterin in body fluids has been achieved by standard high-performance liquid chromatography, radioimmunoassays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Neopterin levels predict HIV-related mortality more efficiently than clinical manifestations. Successful highly active antiretroviral therapy is associated with a decrease in neopterin levels. Elevated neopterin levels were associated with hepatitis by hepatitis A, B, and C viruses. Serum neopterin levels were found to be a predictor of response to treatment of chronic HCV infection with pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin. Neopterin levels of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were found to be higher in patients with more extensive radiological changes. Elimination of blood donors with elevated neopterin levels to reduce risk of transmission of infections with known and unknown viral pathogens has been undertaken. Neopterin measurement is hereby more cost effective but less sensitive than screening using polymerase chain reaction based assays. In conclusion neopterin is a nonspecific marker of activated T-helper cell 1 dominated immune response. It may be a useful marker for monitoring of infectious disease activity during treatment and for more accurate estimation of extent of disease and prognosis.
Collapse
|
32
|
Sarac ES, Girgin G, Palabiyik SS, Charehsaz M, Aydin A, Sahin G, Baydar T. A pilot study on neopterin levels and tryptophan degradation in zinc-exposed galvanization workers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 151:330-4. [PMID: 23238612 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Hot-dip galvanization is a zinc-coating process to protect the metal items from corrosion. Zinc oxide nanoaerosol fume rising from hot metal bath surface in nano dimensions contains the greatest risk for workers in galvanization process. In the present study, it was evaluated whether inhalation of zinc causes any alteration in cellular immunity and tryptophan degradation by measuring neopterin, tryptophan, kynurenine, and zinc levels in 63 male galvanization workers and 23 male office personnel as controls. Serum and urinary zinc levels were found as 102.43 ± 4.74 and 0.66 ± 0.05 μg/dL in workers while 75.45 ± 4.24 and 0.80 ± 0.08 μg/dL [corrected] in controls, respectively (both, p < 0.05). Similarly, the mean urinary neopterin levels and serum neopterin and kynurenine levels were found to be statistically higher in galvanization workers than the controls (all, p < 0.05). Significant correlations were found between urinary neopterin levels and kynurenine to tryptophan ratio or serum zinc levels. The results indicated cellular immune activation by occupational zinc exposure. It was estimated that neopterin, in parallel with kynurenine pathway, could reflect occupational exposure to zinc nanoaerosols and might be useful in early diagnosis of immune alterations due to nano-scale exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Seyda Sarac
- Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Division, Institute of Science, University of Hacettepe, Beytepe Campus, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rerkasem K, Shearman CP. Anaesthesia during Carotid Endarterectomy and Urinary Neopterin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5402/2012/562184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials show that the rate of postoperative complications after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) was not significantly different between operations performed under general anesthesia (GA) or local anesthesia (LA). However, these studies were not large enough to draw meaningful conclusions about any difference in mortality. This study therefore aimed to compare a surrogate endpoint of postoperative mortality between GA and LA by using urinary neopterin. 68 consecutive patients admitted electively for CEA were studied. Urinary neopterin levels were assayed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively (PO), 4, 6, 12, and 24 hrs PO. This study compared the level of urinary neopterin between GA and LA. Of the 68 CEAs, 48 operations were performed under GA. Urinary neopterin concentration in LA group increased PO and reached a peak at 6 hrs PO. At this point, the urinary neopterin levels in the GA group (85.3 μmol/mol creatinine) were significantly lower than those under the LA group (123.4 μmol/mol creatinine) (P=0.02). We found that the level of urinary neopterin level after operation in LA was significantly higher than those under GA. More studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Rerkasem
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Institute of Health Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - C. P. Shearman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Girgin G, Sahin TT, Fuchs D, Yuksel O, Kurukahvecioglu O, Sare M, Baydar T. Tryptophan degradation and serum neopterin concentrations in intensive care unit patients. Toxicol Mech Methods 2011; 21:231-5. [PMID: 21247367 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.545960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in neopterin concentrations and tryptophan degradation accompany the activation of cellular immune systems. Accordingly, in a variety of diseases, mainly in infections, elevated neopterin levels and tryptophan degradation have been observed. This study aimed to assess serum neopterin levels and tryptophan degradation in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS, n = 9), sepsis (n = 8), septic shock (n = 10), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS, n = 7) at the first day of ICU hospitalization. The kynurenine-to-tryptophan (kyn/trp) ratio was used in order to evaluate the degree of tryptophan degradation. The results of each patient group were compared with the control group (n = 30). The differences among the ICU groups and the correlations between APACHE II scores and neopterin concentrations or tryptophan degradation were investigated. All patient groups presented statistically higher kyn/trp and neopterin levels than the controls. The sepsis, septic shock, and MODS group had markedly higher neopterin levels than the SIRS group (all P < 0.05). Additionally, it was found that the survivor group had significantly lower neopterin levels compared with non-survivors (P < 0.05) and lower kyn/trp, but the latter difference was not significant. Neopterin levels and kyn/trp were both correlated with APACHE II score (both P < 0.05). The results indicate that serum neopterin levels and tryptophan degradation correlate well with the severity of the disease in ICU patients, and this was true even at the first day of hospitalization in the unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Girgin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Smolle KH, Kaufmann P, Stadlbauer V, Tatzber F, Winklhofer-Roob BM, Aigner R, Khoschsorur G, Wonisch W. Intermittent haemodialysis-induced oxidative stress and the effect on inflammatory parameters in critically ill patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/cemed.4.2010.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|