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Pan C, Li Q, Xiong S, Yang Y, Yang Y, Huang C, Wang ZP. Delivery Strategies, Structural Modification, and Pharmacological Mechanisms of Honokiol: A Comprehensive Review. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302032. [PMID: 38308434 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Honokiol (HK) is a traditional Chinese herbal bioactive compound that originates mainly from the Magnolia species, traditionally used to treat anxiety and stroke, as well as alleviation of flu symptoms. This natural product and its derivatives displayed diverse biological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial activities. However, its poor bioavailability and pharmacological activity require primary consideration in the development of HK-based drugs. Recent innovative HK formulations based on the nanotechnology approach allowed for improvement in both bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Chemical derivation and drug combination are also effective strategies to ameliorate the drawbacks of HK. In recent years, studies on HK derivatives and compositions have made great progress in the treatment of cancer, inflammation, bacterial infection, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular diseases, demonstrating better activity than HK. The objective of this review is an examination of the recent developments in the field of pharmacological activity of HK and its drug-related issues, and approaches to improve its physicochemical and biological properties, including solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Recent patents and the ongoing clinical trials in HK are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Pan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Shuxin Xiong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- Chongqing Energy College, No. 2 Fuxing Avenue, Shuangfu New District, Jiangjin District, Chongqing, 402260, P. R. China
| | - Chao Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
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2
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Patil H, Vemula SK, Narala S, Lakkala P, Munnangi SR, Narala N, Jara MO, Williams RO, Terefe H, Repka MA. Hot-Melt Extrusion: from Theory to Application in Pharmaceutical Formulation-Where Are We Now? AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:37. [PMID: 38355916 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02749-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hot-melt extrusion (HME) is a globally recognized, robust, effective technology that enhances the bioavailability of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients and offers an efficient continuous manufacturing process. The twin-screw extruder (TSE) offers an extremely resourceful customizable mixer that is used for continuous compounding and granulation by using different combinations of conveying elements, kneading elements (forward and reverse configuration), and distributive mixing elements. TSE is thus efficiently utilized for dry, wet, or melt granulation not only to manufacture dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, or granule-filled sachets, but also for designing novel formulations such as dry powder inhalers, drying units for granules, nanoextrusion, 3D printing, complexation, and amorphous solid dispersions. Over the past decades, combined academic and pharmaceutical industry collaborations have driven novel innovations for HME technology, which has resulted in a substantial increase in published articles and patents. This article summarizes the challenges and models for executing HME scale-up. Additionally, it covers the benefits of continuous manufacturing, process analytical technology (PAT) considerations, and regulatory requirements. In summary, this well-designed review builds upon our earlier publication, probing deeper into the potential of twin-screw extruders (TSE) for various new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemlata Patil
- Department of Product Development, Catalent Pharma Solutions, 14 Schoolhouse Road, Somerset, New Jersey, 08873, USA
| | - Sateesh Kumar Vemula
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Preethi Lakkala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Siva Ram Munnangi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Nagarjuna Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Miguel O Jara
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Robert O Williams
- Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Hibreniguss Terefe
- Department of Product Development, Catalent Pharma Solutions, 14 Schoolhouse Road, Somerset, New Jersey, 08873, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA.
- Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA.
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3
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Turek M, Różycka-Sokołowska E, Owsianik K, Bałczewski P. New Perspectives for Antihypertensive Sartans as Components of Co-crystals and Co-amorphous Solids with Improved Properties and Multipurpose Activity. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:18-37. [PMID: 38108281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Sartans (angiotensin II receptor blockers, ARBs), drugs used in the treatment of hypertension, play a principal role in addressing the global health challenge of hypertension. In the past three years, their potential use has expanded to include the possibility of their application in the treatment of COVID-19 and neurodegenerative diseases (80 clinical studies worldwide). However, their therapeutic efficacy is limited by their poor solubility and bioavailability, prompting the need for innovative approaches to improve their pharmaceutical properties. This review discusses methods of co-crystallization and co-amorphization of sartans with nonpolymeric, low molecular, and stabilizing co-formers, as a promising strategy to synthesize new multipurpose drugs with enhanced pharmaceutical properties. The solid-state forms have demonstrated the potential to address the poor solubility limitations of conventional sartan formulations and offer new opportunities to develop dual-active drugs with broader therapeutic applications. The review includes an in-depth analysis of the co-crystal and co-amorphous forms of sartans, including their properties, possible applications, and the impact of synthetic methods on their pharmacokinetic properties. By shedding light on the solid forms of sartans, this article provides valuable insights into their potential as improved drug formulations. Moreover, this review may serve as a valuable resource for designing similar solid forms of sartans and other drugs, fostering further advances in pharmaceutical research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Turek
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Ewa Różycka-Sokołowska
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Owsianik
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Bałczewski
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
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Silva JC, Pereira Silva PS, Ramos Silva M, Fantechi E, Chelazzi L, Ciattini S, Eusébio MES, Rosado MTS. Amorphous Solid Forms of Ranolazine and Tryptophan and Their Relaxation to Metastable Polymorphs. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:6679-6691. [PMID: 37692331 PMCID: PMC10486308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Different methods were explored for the amorphization of ranolazine, a sparingly soluble anti-anginal drug, such as mechanochemistry, quench-cooling, and solvent evaporation from solutions. Amorphous phases, with Tg values lower than room temperature, were obtained by cryo-milling and quench-cooling. New forms of ranolazine, named II and III, were identified from the relaxation of the ranolazine amorphous phase produced by cryo-milling, which takes place within several hours after grinding. At room temperature, these metastable polymorphs relax to the lower energy polymorph I, whose crystal structure was solved in this work for the first time. A binary co-amorphous mixture of ranolazine and tryptophan was produced, with three important advantages: higher glass transition temperature, increased kinetic stability preventing relaxation of the amorphous to crystalline phases for at least two months, and improved aqueous solubility. Concomitantly, the thermal behavior of amorphous tryptophan obtained by cryo-milling was studied by DSC. Depending on experimental conditions, it was possible to observe relaxation directly to the lower energy form or by an intermediate metastable crystalline phase and the serendipitous production of the neutral form of this amino acid in the pure solid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana
F. C. Silva
- CQC-IMS,
Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro S. Pereira Silva
- CFisUC,
Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuela Ramos Silva
- CFisUC,
Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fantechi
- Centro
di Cristallografia Strutturale (CRIST), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Laura Chelazzi
- Centro
di Cristallografia Strutturale (CRIST), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Samuele Ciattini
- Centro
di Cristallografia Strutturale (CRIST), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - M. Ermelinda S. Eusébio
- CQC-IMS,
Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mário T. S. Rosado
- CQC-IMS,
Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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Munnangi SR, Youssef AAA, Narala N, Lakkala P, Narala S, Vemula SK, Repka M. Drug complexes: Perspective from Academic Research and Pharmaceutical Market. Pharm Res 2023; 40:1519-1540. [PMID: 37138135 PMCID: PMC10156076 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03517-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous research efforts, drug delivery through the oral route remains a major challenge to formulation scientists. The oral delivery of drugs poses a significant challenge because more than 40% of new chemical entities are practically insoluble in water. Low aqueous solubility is the main problem encountered during the formulation development of new actives and for generic development. A complexation approach has been widely investigated to address this issue, which subsequently improves the bioavailability of these drugs. This review discusses the various types of complexes such as metal complex (drug-metal ion), organic molecules (drug-caffeine or drug-hydrophilic polymer), inclusion complex (drug-cyclodextrin), and pharmacosomes (drug-phospholipids) that improves the aqueous solubility, dissolution, and permeability of the drug along with the numerous case studies reported in the literature. Besides improving solubility, drug-complexation provides versatile functions like improving stability, reducing the toxicity of drugs, increasing or decreasing the dissolution rate, and enhancing bioavailability and biodistribution. Apart, various methods to predict the stoichiometric ratio of reactants and the stability of the developed complex are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Ram Munnangi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
- Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Ahmed Adel Ali Youssef
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Nagarjuna Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Preethi Lakkala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
- Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Sateesh Kumar Vemula
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Michael Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA.
- Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA.
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6
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Chen A, Cai P, Luo M, Guo M, Cai T. Melt Crystallization of Celecoxib-Carbamazepine Cocrystals with the Synchronized Release of Drugs. Pharm Res 2023; 40:567-577. [PMID: 36348133 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The fixed-dose combination drug products have been increasingly used to treat some complex diseases. A cocrystal containing two therapeutic components, named as a drug-drug cocrystal, is an ideal solid form to formulate as a fixed-dose combination product. The aim of the study is to prepare celecoxib-carbamazepine (CEL-CBZ) cocrystals by melt crystallization to achieve the synchronized release of drugs. METHOD The crystal structure of the CEL-CBZ cocrystal was determined from the cocrystals harvested from melt by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The binary phase diagram and crystal growth kinetics of the CEL-CBZ cocrystal from melt were studied to optimize the process parameters of hot-melt extrusion for manufacturing large-scale cocrystals. The intrinsic dissolution rate studies were conducted to compare the dissolution profiles of drugs in the cocrystal and their individual forms. RESULT The CEL-CBZ cocrystal crystallized in the triclinic space group with one CEL and one CBZ molecule in the asymmetric unit. The crystallization of CEL-CBZ cocrystals were observed both in the supercooled liquid and glassy state. The formation of drug-drug cocrystals significantly alter the intrinsic dissolution rates of the parent drugs to favor the synchronized release. CONCLUSION Melt crystallization is an alternative, efficient and eco-friendly approach for preparing drug-drug cocrystals on a large scale. The synchronized drug release by drug-drug cocrystals can be used to modulate the release profiles of parent drugs in the fixed-dose combination products.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Peishan Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Minqian Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Minshan Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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7
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Mandati P, Dumpa N, Alzahrani A, Nyavanandi D, Narala S, Wang H, Bandari S, Repka MA, Tiwari S, Langley N. Hot-Melt Extrusion-Based Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing of Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets: Impact of Shape and Infill Density on Printability and Performance. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 24:13. [PMID: 36477554 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of the current research was to investigate the effect of tablet shapes (heart-shaped and round tablets) and infill densities (50% and 100%) on the drug release profiles of 3D printed tablets prepared by hot-melt extrusion paired with fused deposition modeling techniques. Drug-loaded filaments of 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm diameters were extruded using a Process 11 mm hot-melt extruder employing atorvastatin calcium as a model drug and Kollicoat® IR, Kollidon® VA64, Kollidon® 12PF, and Kolliphor® P407 as hydrophilic polymers. Filaments of Kollicoat® IR in combination with Kollidon® VA64/Kollidon® 12PF has resulted in successful printing of immediate release tablets. The mechanical properties of drug-loaded filaments were evaluated using a 3-point bend test and stiffness test. The transformation of a crystalline drug to an amorphous form and the absence of drug-polymer interactions were confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The effect of infill density on drug release profiles was greater than that of tablet shape. The stability of 3D printed tablets was preserved even after storage under accelerated conditions (40 ± 2°C and 75 ± 5% RH) for 6 months. Thus, the 3D printing process of hot-melt extrusion paired with fused deposition modeling serves as an alternative manufacturing approach for developing patient-focused doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Mandati
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, University, USA
| | - Nagireddy Dumpa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, University, USA
| | - Abdullah Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, University, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, University, USA
| | - Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, University, USA
| | - Honghe Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, University, USA
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, University, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, University, USA. .,Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, University, USA.
| | - Sandip Tiwari
- BASF Corporation, 500 White Plains Road, New York, Tarrytown, USA
| | - Nigel Langley
- BASF Corporation, 500 White Plains Road, New York, Tarrytown, USA
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8
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da Costa NF, Azevedo RF, Lopes JA, Fernandes AI, Pinto JF. In Situ Co-Amorphization of Olanzapine in the Matrix and on the Coat of Pellets. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122587. [PMID: 36559080 PMCID: PMC9783598 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ amorphization is a promising approach, considered in the present work, to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of olanzapine, while minimizing the exposure of the amorphous material to the stress conditions applied during conventional processing. The production of pellets by extrusion/spheronization and the coating of inert beads were investigated as novel methods to promote the co-amorphization of olanzapine, a poorly water-soluble drug, and saccharin. Samples were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and dissolution and stability testing. The co-amorphous produced were compared with crystalline olanzapine, or physical mixture of olanzapine and saccharin. Results suggested that the addition of water to mixtures containing olanzapine and saccharin during the production of pellets, and the coating of inert beads, induced the in situ co-amorphization of these substances. The coating of inert beads enhanced the solubility and dissolution rate of olanzapine, especially when compared to pellets coated with the crystalline drug, but also with pellets containing the co-amorphous entity in the matrix of beads. Nine months stability tests (23 °C/60% RH) confirmed the preservation of the solid-state properties of the co-amorphous form on/in pellets. Overall, results highlighted the feasibility and benefits of in situ co-amorphization, either when the drug was entrapped in the pellets matrix, or preferentially applied directly on the surface of pellets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno F. da Costa
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Raquel F. Azevedo
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João A. Lopes
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana I. Fernandes
- CiiEM—Interdisciplinary Research Center Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-212946823
| | - João F. Pinto
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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9
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da Costa NF, Daniels R, Fernandes AI, Pinto JF. Downstream Processing of Amorphous and Co-Amorphous Olanzapine Powder Blends. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081535. [PMID: 35893791 PMCID: PMC9332588 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The work evaluates the stability of amorphous and co-amorphous olanzapine (OLZ) in tablets manufactured by direct compression. The flowability and the compressibility of amorphous and co-amorphous OLZ with saccharin (SAC) and the properties of the tablets obtained were measured and compared to those of tablets made with crystalline OLZ. The flowability of the amorphous and mostly of the co-amorphous OLZ powders decreased in comparison with the crystalline OLZ due to the higher cohesiveness of the former materials. The stability of the amorphous and co-amorphous OLZ prior to and after tableting was monitored by XRPD, FTIR, and NIR spectroscopies. Tablets presented long-lasting amorphous OLZ with enhanced water solubility, but the release rate of the drug decreased in comparison with tablets containing crystalline OLZ. In physical mixtures made of crystalline OLZ and SAC, an extent of amorphization of approximately 20% was accomplished through the application of compaction pressures and dwell times of 155 MPa and 5 min, respectively. The work highlighted the stability of amorphous and co-amorphous OLZ during tableting and the positive effect of compaction pressure on the formation of co-amorphous OLZ, providing an expedited amorphization technique, given that the process development-associated hurdles were overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno F. da Costa
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.F.d.C.); (J.F.P.)
| | - Rolf Daniels
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Eberhard Karls University, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Ana I. Fernandes
- CiiEM—Interdisciplinary Research Center Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-212946823
| | - João F. Pinto
- iMed.ULisboa—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.F.d.C.); (J.F.P.)
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10
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Alzahrani A, Nyavanandi D, Mandati P, Adel Ali Youssef A, Narala S, Bandari S, Repka M. A systematic and robust assessment of hot-melt extrusion-based amorphous solid dispersions: Theoretical prediction to practical implementation. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:121951. [PMID: 35753536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) have gained attention as a formulation strategy in recent years, with the potential to improve the apparent solubility and, hence, the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. The process of formulating ASDs is commonly faced with challenges owing to the intrinsic physical and chemical instability of the initial amorphous form and the long-term physical stability of drug formulations. Numerous research publications on hot-melt extrusion (HME) technology have demonstrated that it is the most efficient approach for manufacturing reasonably stable ASDs. The HME technique has been established as a faster scale-up production strategy for formulation evaluation and has the potential to minimize the time to market. Thermodynamic evaluation and theoretical predictions of drug-polymer solubility and miscibility may assist to reduce the product development cost by HME. This review article highlights robust and established prediction theories and experimental approaches for the selection of polymeric carriers for the development of hot melt extrusion based stable amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). In addition, this review makes a significant contribution to the literature as a pilot guide for ASD assessment, as well as to confirm the drug-polymer compatibility and physical stability of HME-based formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677; Department of Pharmacy, East Jeddah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jeddah 22253, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Preethi Mandati
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Ahmed Adel Ali Youssef
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677
| | - Michael Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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11
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Bolla G, Sarma B, Nangia AK. Crystal Engineering of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals in the Discovery and Development of Improved Drugs. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11514-11603. [PMID: 35642550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The subject of crystal engineering started in the 1970s with the study of topochemical reactions in the solid state. A broad chemical definition of crystal engineering was published in 1989, and the supramolecular synthon concept was proposed in 1995 followed by heterosynthons and their potential applications for the design of pharmaceutical cocrystals in 2004. This review traces the development of supramolecular synthons as robust and recurring hydrogen bond patterns for the design and construction of supramolecular architectures, notably, pharmaceutical cocrystals beginning in the early 2000s to the present time. The ability of a cocrystal between an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and a pharmaceutically acceptable coformer to systematically tune the physicochemical properties of a drug (i.e., solubility, permeability, hydration, color, compaction, tableting, bioavailability) without changing its molecular structure is the hallmark of the pharmaceutical cocrystals platform, as a bridge between drug discovery and pharmaceutical development. With the design of cocrystals via heterosynthons and prototype case studies to improve drug solubility in place (2000-2015), the period between 2015 to the present time has witnessed the launch of several salt-cocrystal drugs with improved efficacy and high bioavailability. This review on the design, synthesis, and applications of pharmaceutical cocrystals to afford improved drug products and drug substances will interest researchers in crystal engineering, supramolecular chemistry, medicinal chemistry, process development, and pharmaceutical and materials sciences. The scale-up of drug cocrystals and salts using continuous manufacturing technologies provides high-value pharmaceuticals with economic and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Bolla
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Building 43, Room 201, Sderot Ben-Gurion 1, Be'er Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Bipul Sarma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Ashwini K Nangia
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
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12
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Sobierajska P, Serwotka-Suszczak A, Targonska S, Szymanski D, Marycz K, Wiglusz RJ. Synergistic Effect of Toceranib and Nanohydroxyapatite as a Drug Delivery Platform-Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Studies on Mastocytoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041944. [PMID: 35216060 PMCID: PMC8875076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A new combination of Toceranib (Toc; 5-[(5Z)-(5-Fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl]-2,4-dimethyl-N-[2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide) with nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) was proposed as an antineoplastic drug delivery system. Its physicochemical properties were determined as crystallinity, grain size, morphology, zeta potential and hydrodynamic diameter as well as Toceranib release. The crystalline nanorods of nHAp were synthesised by the co-precipitation method, while the amorphous Toceranib was obtained by its conversion from the crystalline form during nHAp–Toc preparation. The surface interaction between both compounds was confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The nHAp–Toc showed a slower and prolonged release of Toceranib. The release behaviour was affected by hydrodynamic size, surface interaction and the medium used (pH). The effectiveness of the proposed platform was tested by comparing the cytotoxicity of the drug combined with nHAp against the drug itself. The compounds were tested on NI-1 mastocytoma cells using the Alamar blue colorimetric technique. The obtained results suggest that the proposed platform shows high efficiency (the calculated IC50 is 4.29 nM), while maintaining the specificity of the drug alone. Performed analyses confirmed that nanohydroxyapatite is a prospective drug carrier and, when Toceranib-loaded, may be an idea worth developing with further research into therapeutic application in the treatment of canine mast cell tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Sobierajska
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland; (S.T.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (R.J.W.)
| | - Anna Serwotka-Suszczak
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (K.M.)
| | - Sara Targonska
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland; (S.T.); (D.S.)
| | - Damian Szymanski
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland; (S.T.); (D.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.-S.); (K.M.)
| | - Rafal J. Wiglusz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland; (S.T.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (R.J.W.)
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13
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Narala S, Nyavanandi D, Alzahrani A, Bandari S, Zhang F, Repka MA. Creation of Hydrochlorothiazide Pharmaceutical Cocrystals Via Hot-Melt Extrusion for Enhanced Solubility and Permeability. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:56. [PMID: 35043282 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystal engineering is an emerging tool for altering the physicochemical properties of drug candidates. The objective of the current investigation was to develop cocrystals of hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) with coformers such as nicotinamide (NIC), resorcinol (RSL), and catechol (CAT) using hot-melt extrusion (HME) technology. The liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) method was used to prepare cocrystals by grinding the drug and coformer in a definite molar ratio as a reference and to check the feasibility of cocrystal formation. Cocrystals were prepared using HME and evaluated with differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy and compared with LAG cocrystals. Barrel temperature was the critical process parameter for producing high-quality cocrystals in HME. All cocrystals exhibited improved solubility compared to the native drug, and HCT-NIC cocrystals showed a two-fold increase in solubility. Similarly, HCT-RSL and HCT-CAT showed higher solubility profiles and improved diffusion/permeability characteristics compared to that of the pure HCT due to the drug-coformer interactions in the cocrystals. In this study, the solubility of the coformer was the key factor determining cocrystal solubilization. However, hot-melt extrusion is an alternative technology for creating pharmaceutical cocrystals and has potential for industrial scale-up.
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14
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Kong Y, Li L, Zhao LG, Yu P, Li DD. A patent review of berberine and its derivatives with various pharmacological activities (2016-2020). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 32:211-223. [PMID: 34455891 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1974001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Berberine (BBR), as one of the outstanding representatives of isoquinoline alkaloids, has been used as an antibacterial drug for a long time in China since ancient times. Currently, a large number of studies have been reported that berberine has a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, and the like. AREAS COVERED This review systematically discussed important patents on berberine and berberine derivatives in terms of pharmacological activity between 2016 and 2020. These patents were mainly searched through the European Patent Office database and Web of Science. These berberine patents (~41) cover a wide range of applications, mainly including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-metabolic disorder, and other newly reported pharmacological activities. EXPERT OPINION Berberine is an important lead compound with great potential for optimization in drug development. However, there is a lack of research related to the biomolecular targets of BBR, which directly restricts the development of berberine in the pharmaceutical field. The problems involved with poor bioavailability and cytotoxicity are also worth considering in the development of berberine-based drugs. Accordingly, the increasing number of patents involving biomolecular targets in BBR's patent applications will be published as its related pharmacological mechanisms are further deciphered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Kong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China.,College of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,159Long Pan Road,Nanjing 210037,China
| | - Lin Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China.,College of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,159Long Pan Road,Nanjing 210037,China
| | - Lin-Guo Zhao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China.,College of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,159Long Pan Road,Nanjing 210037,China
| | - Pan Yu
- Institute of Environmentally Friendly Materials and Occupational Health,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Wuhu 241000,China
| | - Dong-Dong Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China.,College of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,159Long Pan Road,Nanjing 210037,China
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15
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Nyavanandi D, Kallakunta VR, Sarabu S, Butreddy A, Narala S, Bandari S, Repka MA. Impact of hydrophilic binders on stability of lipid-based sustained release matrices of quetiapine fumarate by the continuous twin screw melt granulation technique. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021; 32:2591-2604. [PMID: 34262241 PMCID: PMC8274555 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dose dumping is the major drawback of sustained release (SR) matrices. The current research aimed to develop the stable lipid-based SR matrices of quetiapine fumarate (QTF) using Geleol™ (glyceryl monostearate; GMS) as the lipid matrix carrier and Klucel™ EF (HPC EF), Kollidon® VA64, and Kollidon® 12PF as hydrophilic binders. Formulations were developed using advanced twin screw melt granulation (TSMG) approach and the direct compression (DC) technique. Compared with the blends of DC, the granules of TSMG exhibited improved flow properties and tabletability. Solid-state characterization by differential scanning calorimetry of the prepared granules exhibited the crystalline nature of the lipid. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated no interaction between the formulation ingredients. The compressed matrices of TSMG and DC resulted in the sustained release of a drug over 16-24 h. Upon storage under accelerated conditions for 6 months, the matrices of TSMG retained their sustained release characteristics with no dose dumping in alcohol, whereas the matrices of DC resulted in the dose dumping of the drug attributing to the loss of matrix integrity and phase separation of lipid. Thus, it is concluded that the uniform distribution of a softened binder into a molten lipid carrier results in the stable matrices of TSMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Venkata Raman Kallakunta
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Sandeep Sarabu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Arun Butreddy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A. Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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16
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Bandari S, Nyavanandi D, Dumpa N, Repka MA. Coupling hot melt extrusion and fused deposition modeling: Critical properties for successful performance. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 172:52-63. [PMID: 33571550 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Interest in 3D printing for pharmaceutical applications has increased in recent years. Compared to other 3D printing techniques, hot melt extrusion (HME)-based fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing has been the most extensively investigated for patient-focused dosage. HME technology can be coupled with FDM 3D printing as a continuous manufacturing process. However, the crucial pharmaceutical polymers, formulation and process parameters must be investigated to establish HME-coupled FDM 3D printing. These advancements will lead the way towards developing continuous drug delivery systems for personalized therapy. This brief overview classifies pharmaceutical additive manufacturing, Hot Melt Extrusion, and Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printing techniques with a focus on coupling HME and FDM 3D printing processes. It also provides insights on the critical material properties, process and equipment parameters and limitations of successful HME-coupled FDM systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Nagireddy Dumpa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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17
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Butreddy A, Almutairi M, Komanduri N, Bandari S, Zhang F, Repka MA. Multicomponent crystalline solid forms of aripiprazole produced via hot melt extrusion techniques: An exploratory study. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021; 63. [PMID: 33959199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent crystalline solid forms (salts, cocrystals and eutectics) are a promising means of enhancing the dissolution behavior of poorly soluble drugs. The present study demonstrates the development of multicomponent solid forms of aripiprazole (ARP) prepared with succinic acid (SA) and nicotinamide (NA) as coformers using the hot melt extrusion (HME) technique. The HME-processed samples were characterized and analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), hot stage microscopy (HSM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The DSC and HSM analyses revealed a characteristic single melting temperature in the solid forms, which differed from the melting points of the individual components. The discernible changes in the FTIR (amide C=O stretching) and PXRD results for ARP-SA confirm the formation of new crystalline solid forms. In the case of ARP-NA, these changes were less prominent, without the appearance or disappearance of peaks, suggesting no change in the crystal lattice. The SEM images demonstrated morphological differences between the HME-processed samples and the individual parent components. The in vitro dissolution and microenvironment pH measurement studies revealed that ARP-SA showed a higher dissolution rate, which could be due to the acidic microenvironment pH imparted by the coformer. The observations of the present study demonstrate the applicability of the HME technique for the development of ARP multicomponent solid forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Butreddy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Mashan Almutairi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neeraja Komanduri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.,Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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18
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Ross SA, Hurt AP, Antonijevic M, Bouropoulos N, Ward A, Basford P, McAllister M, Douroumis D. Continuous Manufacture and Scale-Up of Theophylline-Nicotinamide Cocrystals. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:419. [PMID: 33804705 PMCID: PMC8004052 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was the manufacturing and scale-up of theophylline-nicotinamide (THL-NIC) pharmaceutical cocrystals processed by hot-melt extrusion (HME). The barrel temperature profile, feed rate and screw speed were found to be the critical processing parameters with a residence time of approximately 47 s for the scaled-up batches. Physicochemical characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction of bulk and extruded materials revealed the formation of high purity cocrystals (98.6%). The quality of THL-NIC remained unchanged under accelerated stability conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A. Ross
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (S.A.R.); (A.P.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Andrew P. Hurt
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (S.A.R.); (A.P.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Milan Antonijevic
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (S.A.R.); (A.P.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Nicolaos Bouropoulos
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, Rio, 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature, Chemical Processes, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Adam Ward
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire HD1 3DH, UK;
| | - Pat Basford
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich CT13 9NJ, UK; (P.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mark McAllister
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich CT13 9NJ, UK; (P.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Dennis Douroumis
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway Campus, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (S.A.R.); (A.P.H.); (M.A.)
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