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Bandiwadekar A, Jose J, Gopan G, Augustin V, Ashtekar H, Khot KB. Transdermal delivery of resveratrol loaded solid lipid nanoparticle as a microneedle patch: a novel approach for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01656-0. [PMID: 38949746 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01656-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), affecting millions of people worldwide and expected to impact 10 million by 2030, manifests a spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms linked to the decline of dopaminergic neurons. Current therapies manage PD symptoms but lack efficacy in slowing disease progression, emphasizing the urgency for more effective treatments. Resveratrol (RSV), recognized for its neuroprotective and antioxidative properties, encounters challenges in clinical use for PD due to limited bioavailability. Researchers have investigated lipid-based nanoformulations, specifically solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), to enhance RSV stability. Oral drug delivery via SLNs faces obstacles, prompting exploration into transdermal delivery using SLNs integrated with microneedles (MNs) for improved patient compliance. In this study, an RSV-loaded SLNs (RSV -SLNs) incorporated into the MN patch was developed for transdermal RSV delivery to improve its stability and patient compliance. Characterization studies demonstrated favorable physical properties of SLNs with a sustained drug release profile of 78.36 ± 0.74%. The developed MNs exhibited mechanical robustness and skin penetration capabilities. Ex vivo permeation studies displayed substantial drug permeation of 68.39 ± 1.4% through the skin. In an in vivo pharmacokinetic study, the RSV-SLNs delivered through MNs exhibited a significant increase in Cmax, Tmax, and AUC0 - t values, alongside a reduced elimination rate in blood plasma in contrast to the administration of pure RSV via MNs. Moreover, an in vivo study showcased enhanced behavioral functioning and increased brain antioxidant levels in the treated animals. In-vivo skin irritation study revealed no signs of irritation till 24 h which permits long-term MNs application. Histopathological analysis showed notable changes in the brain regions of the rat, specifically the striatum and substantia nigra, after the completion of the treatment. Based on these findings, the development of an RSV-SLN loaded MNs (RSVSNLMP) patch presents a novel approach, with the potential to enhance the drug's efficiency, patient compliance, and therapeutic outcomes for PD, offering a promising avenue for advanced PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Bandiwadekar
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics,, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Jobin Jose
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics,, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India.
| | - Gopika Gopan
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics,, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Varsha Augustin
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Department of NITTE University Center for Animal Research & Experimentation (NUCARE), Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Harsha Ashtekar
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Kartik Bhairu Khot
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics,, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India
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Maheshwari R, Sharma M, Chidrawar VR. Development of engineered transferosomal gel containing meloxicam for the treatment of osteoarthritis. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2024:S0003-4509(24)00063-4. [PMID: 38657858 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE .In this study, we investigated the potential of meloxicam (MLX) developed as transferosomal gel as a novel lipidic drug delivery system to address osteoarthritis (OTA), a degenerative joint disease that causes pain and stiffness. By incorporating meloxicam into a transferosomal gel, our aim was to provide a targeted and efficient delivery system capable of alleviating symptoms and slowing down the progression of OTA. MATERIAL AND METHODS Classical lipid film hydration technique was utilized to formulate different transferosomal formulations. Different transferosomal formulations were prepared by varying the molar ratio of phospholipon-90H (phosphodylcholine) to DSPE (50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, and 90:10) and per batch, 80mg of total lipid was used. The quality control parameters such as entrapment efficiency, particle size and morphology, polydispersity and surface electric charge, in vitro drug release, ex vivo permeation and stability were measured. RESULTS The optimized transferosomal formulations revealed a small vesicle size (121±12nm) and greater MLX entrapment (68.98±2.3%). Transferosomes mediated gel formulation MLX34 displayed pH (6.3±0.2), viscosity (6236±12.3 cps), spreadability (13.77±1.77 gm.cm/sec) and also displayed sustained release pattern of drug release (81.76±7.87% MLX released from Carbopol-934 gel matrix in 24h). MLX34 revealed close to substantial anti-inflammatory response, with ∼81% inhibition of TNF-α in 48h. Physical stability analysis concluded that refrigerator temperature was the preferred temperature to store transferosomal gel. CONCLUSION MLX loaded transferosomes containing gel improved the skin penetration and therefore resulted into increased inhibition of TNF-α level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Maheshwari
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Green Industrial Park, TSIIC, Jadcherla, Hyderabad 509301, India.
| | - Mayank Sharma
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Shirpur 425405, India
| | - Vijay R Chidrawar
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-University, Green Industrial Park, TSIIC, Jadcherla, Hyderabad 509301, India
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Patel M, Patel A, Desai J, Patel S. Cutaneous Pharmacokinetics of Topically Applied Novel Dermatological Formulations. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:46. [PMID: 38413430 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel formulations are developed for dermatological applications to address a wide range of patient needs and therapeutic challenges. By pushing the limits of pharmaceutical technology, these formulations strive to provide safer, more effective, and patient-friendly solutions for dermatological concerns, ultimately improving the overall quality of dermatological care. The article explores the different types of novel dermatological formulations, including nanocarriers, transdermal patches, microsponges, and microneedles, and the techniques involved in the cutaneous pharmacokinetics of these innovative formulations. Furthermore, the significance of knowing cutaneous pharmacokinetics and the difficulties faced during pharmacokinetic assessment have been emphasized. The article examines all the methods employed for the pharmacokinetic evaluation of novel dermatological formulations. In addition to a concise overview of earlier techniques, discussions on novel methodologies, including tape stripping, in vitro permeation testing, cutaneous microdialysis, confocal Raman microscopy, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry have been conducted. Emerging technologies like the use of microfluidic devices for skin absorption studies and computational models for predicting drug pharmacokinetics have also been discussed. This article serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, and pharmaceutical professionals determined to enhance the development and understanding of novel dermatological drug products and the complex dynamics of cutaneous pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Research & Development Cell, Parul University, Waghodia, Vadodara, 391760, Gujarat, India.
| | - Ashwini Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Krishna School of Pharmacy & Research, Drs. Kiran and Pallavi Patel Global University, Vadodara, 391243, Gujarat, India
| | - Jagruti Desai
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, 388 421, Gujarat, India
| | - Swayamprakash Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, 388 421, Gujarat, India
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Kansız S, Elçin YM. Advanced liposome and polymersome-based drug delivery systems: Considerations for physicochemical properties, targeting strategies and stimuli-sensitive approaches. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 317:102930. [PMID: 37290380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes and polymersomes are colloidal vesicles that are self-assembled from lipids and amphiphilic polymers, respectively. Because of their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic therapeutics, they are of great interest in drug delivery research. Today, the applications of liposomes and polymersomes have expanded to a wide variety of complex therapeutic molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins and enzymes. Thanks to their chemical versatility, they can be tailored to different drug delivery applications to achieve maximum therapeutic index. This review article evaluates liposomes and polymersomes from a perspective that takes into account the physical and biological barriers that reduce the efficiency of the drug delivery process. In this context, the design approaches of liposomes and polymersomes are discussed with representative examples in terms of their physicochemical properties (size, shape, charge, mechanical), targeting strategies (passive and active) and response to different stimuli (pH, redox, enzyme, temperature, light, magnetic field, ultrasound). Finally, the challenges limiting the transition from laboratory to practice, recent clinical developments, and future perspectives are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyithan Kansız
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Murat Elçin
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey; Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc., Ankara, Turkey.
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Nakmode DD, Day CM, Song Y, Garg S. The Management of Parkinson's Disease: An Overview of the Current Advancements in Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051503. [PMID: 37242745 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) has significantly affected a large proportion of the elderly population worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 8.5 million people worldwide are living with PD. In the United States, an estimated one million people are living with PD, with approximately 60,000 new cases diagnosed every year. Conventional therapies available for Parkinson's disease are associated with limitations such as the wearing-off effect, on-off period, episodes of motor freezing, and dyskinesia. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in DDSs used to reduce the limitations of current therapies will be presented, and both their promising features and drawbacks will be discussed. We are also particularly interested in the technical properties, mechanism, and release patterns of incorporated drugs, as well as nanoscale delivery strategies to overcome the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa D Nakmode
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Candace M Day
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Yunmei Song
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sanjay Garg
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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High skin permeation, deposition and whitening activity achieved by xanthan gum string vitamin c flexible liposomes for external application. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Apolinário AC, Salata GC, de Souza MM, Chorilli M, Lopes LB. Rethinking Breast Cancer Chemoprevention: Technological Advantages and Enhanced Performance of a Nanoethosomal-Based Hydrogel for Topical Administration of Fenretinide. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:104. [PMID: 35381947 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we developed an ethosomal hydrogel based on three types of ethosomes: simple, mixed (surfactant-based micelles and lipid vesicles) or binary (comprising two type of alcohols). Ethanol injection was employed for vesicles preparation, and sodium alginate, as gelling agent. We purposed the local-transdermal administration of the off-the-shelf retinoid fenretinide (FENR) for chemoprevention of breast cancer. Rheograms and flow index values for alginate dispersion (without ethosomes) and hydrogels containing simple, mixed or binary ethosomes suggested pseudoplastic behavior. An increase in the apparent viscosity was observed upon ethosome incorporation. The ethosomal hydrogel displayed increased bioadhesion compared to the alginate dispersion, suggesting that the lipid vesicles contribute to the gelling and bioadhesion processes. In the Hen's Egg Test-Chorioallantoic Membrane model, few spots of lysis and hemorrhage were observed for formulations containing simple (score of 2) and mixed vesicles (score 4), but not for the hydrogel based on the binary system, indicating its lower irritation potential. The binary ethosomal hydrogel provided a slower FENR in vitro release and delivered 2.6-fold less drug into viable skin layers compared to the ethosome dispersion, supporting the ability of the gel matrix to slow down drug release. The ethosomal hydrogel decreased by ~ five-fold the IC50 values of FENR in MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, binary ethosomal gels presented technological advantages, provided sustained drug release and skin penetration, and did not preclude drug cytotoxic effects, supporting their potential applicability as topical chemopreventive systems.
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Ye L, Chen W, Chen Y, Qiu Y, Yi J, Li X, Lin Q, Guo B. Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube-ethosomes for transdermal delivery of ketoprofen: Ex vivo and in vivo evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wang Y, Lv S, Cao F, Ding Z, Liu J, Chen Q, Gao J, Huang X. Investigations on the influence of the structural flexibility of nanoliposomes on their properties. J Liposome Res 2021; 32:92-103. [PMID: 34890290 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2021.1998106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, nanoliposomes with tuneable structure elasticity were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation. Both Fluorescence Polarization and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer was employed to characterize the structural elasticity of resultant nanoliposomes. Temozolomide, a kind of hydrophilic drug as the first-line treatment choice for glioblastoma, was encapsulated into nanoliposomes. The results showed that the flexibility of nanoliposomes gradually increased with sodium cholate, while decreasing with cholesterol, Labrafac CC and Labrafac PG adding. Furthermore, the structural flexibility of nanoliposomes was positively correlated with the encapsulation efficiency and release rate and cellular uptake. Our research reveals the structural flexibility of nanoliposomes could affect in vitro characteristics and thereafter in vivo behaviors of nanoliposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Shiqun Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Fangzhi Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Orthaopaedics, Changzhou Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Xianfeng Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
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Silva MD, Paris JL, Gama FM, Silva BFB, Sillankorva S. Sustained Release of a Streptococcus pneumoniae Endolysin from Liposomes for Potential Otitis Media Treatment. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2127-2137. [PMID: 34167300 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Local delivery of antimicrobials for otitis media treatment would maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. However, drug transport across the tympanic membrane in the absence of a delivery system is challenging. In this study, the MSlys endolysin was encapsulated in deformable liposomes for a targeted treatment of S. pneumoniae, one of the most important causative agents of otitis media. MSlys was successfully encapsulated in liposomes composed of l-alpha-lecithin and sodium cholate (5:1) or l-alpha-lecithin and PEG2000 PE (10:1), with encapsulation efficiencies of about 35%. The PEGylated and sodium cholate liposomes showed, respectively, mean hydrodynamic diameters of 85 and 115 nm and polydispersity indices of 0.32 and 0.42, both being stable after storage at 4 °C for at least one year. Both liposomal formulations showed a sustained release of MSlys over 7 days. Cytotoxicity studies against fibroblast and keratinocyte cell lines revealed the biocompatible nature of both MSlys and MSlys-loaded liposomes. Additionally, the encapsulated MSlys showed prompt antipneumococcal activity against planktonic and biofilm S. pneumoniae, thus holding great potential for transtympanic treatment against S. pneumoniae otitis media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Daniela Silva
- CEB−Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- INL−International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Juan L. Paris
- INL−International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Bruno F. B. Silva
- INL−International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Sanna Sillankorva
- INL−International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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Liu J, Zheng A, Peng B, Xu Y, Zhang N. Size-Dependent Absorption through Stratum Corneum by Drug-Loaded Liposomes. Pharm Res 2021; 38:1429-1437. [PMID: 34254224 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Topical treatment of various skin disorders requires drug absorption and penetration through the stratum corneum (SC) into the epidermis and dermis tissues. The use of nano-drug delivery systems including liposomes and lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been shown to facilitate SC penetration. The goal of this work was to study the impact of liposome sizes and the resulted drug distribution inside various skin tissue. METHODS All trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was used as the model drug and loaded into gel phase HSPC/CHOL/DSPE-PEG liposomes (lipo-ATRA) with sizes ranging from 80 nm to more than 300 nm. The percutaneous drug absorption process was monitored and analyzed. RESULTS There were significant differences in percutaneous absorption and tissue distribution resulted from liposomes smaller than 100 nm and those bigger than 200 nm. Lipo-ATRA with a mean diameter of 83 nm can deliver the content to epidermis and dermis. But for 200 nm - 300 nm liposomes, the resulted epidermis and dermis ATRA levels were less than about one third, suggesting bigger liposomes had poor penetration through the brick and mortar structure of SC. CONCLUSIONS Gel phase liposomes with sizes under 100 nm improved encapsulated drug absorption and distribution into the epidermis and dermis tissues. A size dependent mechanism for liposome penetration of the stratum corneum was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junye Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Dali University, Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Dali, China
| | - Anjie Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baowei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Dali University, Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Dali, China
| | - Yuhong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Dali University, Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Dali, China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Center for drug evaluation, NMPA, Beijing, China.
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Kashapov R, Ibragimova A, Pavlov R, Gabdrakhmanov D, Kashapova N, Burilova E, Zakharova L, Sinyashin O. Nanocarriers for Biomedicine: From Lipid Formulations to Inorganic and Hybrid Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7055. [PMID: 34209023 PMCID: PMC8269010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulation of cargoes in nanocontainers is widely used in different fields to solve the problems of their solubility, homogeneity, stability, protection from unwanted chemical and biological destructive effects, and functional activity improvement. This approach is of special importance in biomedicine, since this makes it possible to reduce the limitations of drug delivery related to the toxicity and side effects of therapeutics, their low bioavailability and biocompatibility. This review highlights current progress in the use of lipid systems to deliver active substances to the human body. Various lipid compositions modified with amphiphilic open-chain and macrocyclic compounds, peptide molecules and alternative target ligands are discussed. Liposome modification also evolves by creating new hybrid structures consisting of organic and inorganic parts. Such nanohybrid platforms include cerasomes, which are considered as alternative nanocarriers allowing to reduce inherent limitations of lipid nanoparticles. Compositions based on mesoporous silica are beginning to acquire no less relevance due to their unique features, such as advanced porous properties, well-proven drug delivery efficiency and their versatility for creating highly efficient nanomaterials. The types of silica nanoparticles, their efficacy in biomedical applications and hybrid inorganic-polymer platforms are the subject of discussion in this review, with current challenges emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Kashapov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.I.); (R.P.); (D.G.); (N.K.); (E.B.); (L.Z.); (O.S.)
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Skin penetration/permeation success determinants of nanocarriers: Pursuit of a perfect formulation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 203:111748. [PMID: 33853001 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The advent of nanocarriers in the field of pharmaceutical drug delivery, while exhibiting considerable advantages, has created challenges for researchers. Among the applications of nanocarriers, drug delivery to the skin has attracted increasing attention in recent decades due to its advantages over oral and parenteral administration. Accordingly, this work attempts to discuss the major obstacles surrounding topically applied formulations and different nanocarriers' potential to overcome these barriers to investigate whether their passive penetration through the skin is likely. Therefore, skin anatomical views and transcutaneous pathways are briefly reviewed. Factors commonly thought to influence skin penetration are discussed from the perspective of particularly penetrating nanocarriers. The formulation of these nanocarriers is outlined, and promising constituents are highlighted to help investigators optimize nanocarrier formulations.
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