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Revathi S, Dey N, Thangaleela S, Vinayagam S, Gnanasekaran L, Sundaram T, Malik A, Khan AA, Roy A, Kumar A. Nanocarrier optimization: Encapsulating Hydrastis canadensis in chitosan nanoparticles for enhanced antibacterial and dye degradation performance. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133316. [PMID: 38908618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on the optimization of Hydrastis canadensis-based nanocarriers in environmental and microbial applications like antibacterial and dye degradation. Hydrastis canadensis (H. canadensis) is loaded into the nanocarrier using a gelation method. Characterization involves pH analysis, UV-VIS spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, high-performance liquid chromatography, encapsulation efficiency. Further antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were tested. Dye degradation was evaluated at concentrations of 1 % of high molecular (HM) and 1.5 % of low molecular (LM) chitosan nanoparticles with both 3C and 1000C concentrations of the drug. The obtained results confirm the presence of chitosan nanocarrier alongside the pure drug in 1 % HM and 1.5 % LM chitosan particles with a notable encapsulation efficiency activity in both 3C and 1000C concentrations. Antimicrobial studies were carried out using the agar well diffusion method and revealed a significant zone of inhibition of 20 mm and 25 mm for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively in chitosan nanocarrier-loaded samples compared to pure drug and chitosan nanocarriers samples. The dye degradation studies of four dyes methylene blue, methylene orange, methylene red, and safranin using both pure drugs and chitosan nanocarrier-loaded drugs showed the highest percentage of degradation (76 %) against methylene blue in the chitosan nanocarrier-drug loaded formulation. These findings cumulatively underscore chitosan nanoparticles can be used as an effective carrier for Hydrastis Canadensis, with enhanced antimicrobial and dye degradation capabilities. Varied concentrations and molecular weights highlight the versatility of the ionotropic gelation method in optimizing drug delivery. Enhanced efficacy of the nanocarrier was evident in the observed zone of inhibition in antimicrobial testing. The substantial degradation percentage in methylene blue emphasizes the formulation's applicability in environmental dye removal processes, with potential avenues for improvement explored through interactions between the chitosan nanocarrier and H. canadensis characteristics. Future investigations may focus on scaling up the optimized formulation for large-scale applications and exploring release kinetics and comprehensive toxicity assessments for a holistic understanding of potential environmental and biomedical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorimuthu Revathi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India
| | - Nibedita Dey
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India.
| | - Subramanian Thangaleela
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India
| | - Saranya Vinayagam
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602 105, India
| | | | - Thanigaivel Sundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India.
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, India; Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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Silva AC, Costa MP, Zacaron TM, Ferreira KCB, Braz WR, Fabri RL, Frézard FJG, Pittella F, Tavares GD. The Role of Inhaled Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in Lung Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:969. [PMID: 39204314 PMCID: PMC11359377 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16080969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely due to the limited efficacy of anticancer drugs, which is primarily attributed to insufficient doses reaching the lungs. Additionally, patients undergoing treatment experience severe systemic adverse effects due to the distribution of anticancer drugs to non-targeted sites. In light of these challenges, there has been a growing interest in pulmonary administration of drugs for the treatment of lung cancer. This route allows drugs to be delivered directly to the lungs, resulting in high local concentrations that can enhance antitumor efficacy while mitigating systemic toxic effects. However, pulmonary administration poses the challenge of overcoming the mechanical, chemical, and immunological defenses of the respiratory tract that prevent the inhaled drug from properly penetrating the lungs. To overcome these drawbacks, the use of nanoparticles in inhaler formulations may be a promising strategy. Nanoparticles can assist in minimizing drug clearance, increasing penetration into the lung epithelium, and enhancing cellular uptake. They can also facilitate increased drug stability, promote controlled drug release, and delivery to target sites, such as the tumor environment. Among them, chitosan-based nanoparticles demonstrate advantages over other polymeric nanocarriers due to their unique biological properties, including antitumor activity and mucoadhesive capacity. These properties have the potential to enhance the efficacy of the drug when administered via the pulmonary route. In view of the above, this paper provides an overview of the research conducted on the delivery of anticancer drug-loaded chitosan-based nanoparticles incorporated into inhaled drug delivery devices for the treatment of lung cancer. Furthermore, the article addresses the use of emerging technologies, such as siRNA (small interfering RNA), in the context of lung cancer therapy. Particularly, recent studies employing chitosan-based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery via the pulmonary route are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allana Carvalho Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Mirsiane Pascoal Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Thiago Medeiros Zacaron
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Kézia Cristine Barbosa Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Wilson Rodrigues Braz
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Rodrigo Luiz Fabri
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Frédéric Jean Georges Frézard
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Frederico Pittella
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Diniz Tavares
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (A.C.S.); (M.P.C.); (T.M.Z.); (K.C.B.F.); (W.R.B.); (R.L.F.); (F.P.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Abd-Elghany AE, El-Garhy O, Fatease AA, Alamri AH, Abdelkader H. Enhancing Oral Bioavailability of Simvastatin Using Uncoated and Polymer-Coated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:763. [PMID: 38931885 PMCID: PMC11206705 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin (SVA) is a well-prescribed drug for treating cardiovascular and hypercholesterolemia. Due to the extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism and poor solubility, its oral bioavailability is 5%. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and hydrogel-coated SLNs were investigated to overcome the limited bioavailability of SVA. Four different lipids used alone or in combination with two stabilizers were employed to generate 13 SLNs. Two concentrations of chitosan (CS) and alginate (AL) were coating materials. SLNs were studied for particle size, zeta potential, in vitro release, rheology, and bioavailability. The viscosities of both the bare and coated SLNs exhibited shear-thinning behavior. The viscosity of F11 (Chitosan 1%) at 20 and 40 rpm were 424 and 168 cp, respectively. F11 had a particle size of 260.1 ± 3.72 nm with a higher release; the particle size of F11-CS at 1% was 524.3 ± 80.31 nm. In vivo studies illustrated that F11 had the highest plasma concentration when compared with the SVA suspension and coated chitosan (F11 (Chitosan 1%)). Greater bioavailability is measured as (AUC0→24), as compared to uncoated ones. The AUC for F11, F11-CS 1%, and the SVA suspension were 1880.4, 3562.18, and 272 ng·h/mL, respectively. Both bare and coated SLNs exhibited a significantly higher relative bioavailability when compared to that from the control SVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira E. Abd-Elghany
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.E.A.-E.); (O.E.-G.)
| | - Omar El-Garhy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.E.A.-E.); (O.E.-G.)
| | - Adel Al Fatease
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.F.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Ali H. Alamri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.F.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Hamdy Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.F.); (A.H.A.)
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Nair R, Paul P, Maji I, Gupta U, Mahajan S, Aalhate M, Guru SK, Singh PK. Exploring the current landscape of chitosan-based hybrid nanoplatforms as cancer theragnostic. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 326:121644. [PMID: 38142105 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, investigators have put significant efforts to develop several diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against cancer. Many novel nanoplatforms, including lipidic, metallic, and inorganic nanocarriers, have shown massive potential at preclinical and clinical stages for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Each of these nano-systems is distinct with its own benefits and limitations. The need to overcome the limitations of single-component nano-systems, improve their morphological and biological features, and achieve multiple functionalities has resulted in the emergence of hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs). These HNPs integrate multicomponent nano-systems with diagnostic and therapeutic functions into a single nano-system serving as promising nanotools for cancer theragnostic applications. Chitosan (CS) being a mucoadhesive, biodegradable, and biocompatible biopolymer, has emerged as an essential element for the development of HNPs offering several advantages over conventional nanoparticles including pH-dependent drug delivery, sustained drug release, and enhanced nanoparticle stability. In addition, the free protonable amino groups in the CS backbone offer flexibility to its structure, making it easy for the modification and functionalization of CS, resulting in better drug targetability and cell uptake. This review discusses in detail the existing different oncology-directed CS-based HNPs including their morphological characteristics, in-vitro/in-vivo outcomes, toxicity concerns, hurdles in clinical translation, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Priti Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Indrani Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Ujala Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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Yang H, Wang S, Yang L, Liu H. Preparations, application of polysaccharide-protein nanoparticles and their assembly at the oil-water interface. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:13-22. [PMID: 38186629 PMCID: PMC10767157 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01397-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology, nanoparticles have played an important role in pharmaceuticals, foods and materials, in particular, protein/polysaccharide based composite nanoparticles have received attention from researchers for safety and green production. This paper summarized in detail the preparation methods, applications of protein/polysaccharide nanoparticles (PPNPs) in recent years, especially the mechanism of stabilizing the oil-water interface. Currently, the polysaccharides applied are more traditional, such as chitosan, pectin and carboxymethyl cellulose, so there is still a lot of room for the development of raw materials that can be used to prepare PPNPs. Based on this, we also proposed three promising polysaccharides: seaweed polysaccharide, lycium barbarum polysaccharide and lactobacillus exopolysaccharides, describing their characteristics as well as their application prospects, this article can serve as a reference for interested researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, A203 Food Science Building, 19 Keji Road, Jinzhou, 121013 Liaoning China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, A203 Food Science Building, 19 Keji Road, Jinzhou, 121013 Liaoning China
| | - Lina Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, A203 Food Science Building, 19 Keji Road, Jinzhou, 121013 Liaoning China
| | - He Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, A203 Food Science Building, 19 Keji Road, Jinzhou, 121013 Liaoning China
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Ciarleglio G, Cinti F, Toto E, Santonicola MG. Synthesis and Characterization of Alginate Gel Beads with Embedded Zeolite Structures as Carriers of Hydrophobic Curcumin. Gels 2023; 9:714. [PMID: 37754395 PMCID: PMC10529665 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate-based beads containing a porous zeolite filler were developed as carriers of bioactive compounds with a hydrophobic nature, such as curcumin (Cur). Curcumin, a natural pigment extracted from the turmeric (Curcuma longa) plant, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antiviral properties. To enhance the bioavailability of the drug, curcumin needs to be encapsulated in a suitable carrier that improves its dispersibility and solubility. Commercial A-type zeolites (Z5A) were used as curcumin-binding agents and they were immobilized within the alginate gel beads by cross-linking in calcium chloride solution during an extrusion dripping process. The process parameters (alginate and CaCl2 concentrations, needle gauge, collecting distance) were optimized to fabricate beads with good sphericity factor and 1.5-1.7 mm diameter in their hydrated state. The chemical structure of the gel beads was assessed using FTIR spectroscopy, while their thermal stability was evaluated through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Due to the alginate matrix, the composite Alg/ZA5-Cur beads possess pH-responsive properties. In addition, the gel beads were modified by chitosan (CS) to enhance the stability and control the degradation behavior of the gel matrix. The swelling behavior and the degradation of the beads were analyzed in physiological solutions with different pH values. Results demonstrate the stabilizing and protective effect of the chitosan coating, as well as the reinforcing effect of the zeolite filler. This makes the pH-responsive alginate gel beads good candidates for the delivery of lipophilic drugs to specific inflammatory sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Gabriella Santonicola
- Department of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 7, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (F.C.); (E.T.)
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Kang C, Wang J, Li R, Gong J, Wang K, Wang Y, Wang Z, He R, Li F. Smart Targeted Delivery Systems for Enhancing Antitumor Therapy of Active Ingredients in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Molecules 2023; 28:5955. [PMID: 37630208 PMCID: PMC10459615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28165955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As a therapeutic tool inherited for thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) exhibits superiority in tumor therapy. The antitumor active components of TCM not only have multi-target treatment modes but can also synergistically interfere with tumor growth compared to traditional chemotherapeutics. However, most antitumor active components of TCM have the characteristics of poor solubility, high toxicity, and side effects, which are often limited in clinical application. In recent years, delivering the antitumor active components of TCM by nanosystems has been a promising field. The advantages of nano-delivery systems include improved water solubility, targeting efficiency, enhanced stability in vivo, and controlled release drugs, which can achieve higher drug-delivery efficiency and bioavailability. According to the method of drug loading on nanocarriers, nano-delivery systems can be categorized into two types, including physically encapsulated nanoplatforms and chemically coupled drug-delivery platforms. In this review, two nano-delivery approaches are considered, namely physical encapsulation and chemical coupling, both commonly used to deliver antitumor active components of TCM, and we summarized the advantages and limitations of different types of nano-delivery systems. Meanwhile, the clinical applications and potential toxicity of nano-delivery systems and the future development and challenges of these nano-delivery systems are also discussed, aiming to lay the foundation for the development and practical application of nano-delivery systems of TCM in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Kang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (C.K.)
| | - Jianwen Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (C.K.)
| | - Ruotong Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (C.K.)
| | - Jianing Gong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (C.K.)
| | - Kuanrong Wang
- School of Management, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (C.K.)
| | - Zhenghua Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ruzhe He
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Fengyun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (C.K.)
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Virmani T, Kumar G, Sharma A, Pathak K, Akhtar MS, Afzal O, Altamimi ASA. Amelioration of Cancer Employing Chitosan, Its Derivatives, and Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles: Recent Updates. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2928. [PMID: 37447573 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The limitations associated with the conventional treatment of cancer have necessitated the design and development of novel drug delivery systems based mainly on nanotechnology. These novel drug delivery systems include various kinds of nanoparticles, such as polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, hydrogels, and polymeric micelles. Among the various kinds of novel drug delivery systems, chitosan-based nanoparticles have attracted the attention of researchers to treat cancer. Chitosan is a polycationic polymer generated from chitin with various characteristics such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and mucoadhesiveness, making it an ideal polymer to fabricate drug delivery systems. However, chitosan is poorly soluble in water and soluble in acidic aqueous solutions. Furthermore, owing to the presence of reactive amino groups, chitosan can be chemically modified to improve its physiochemical properties. Chitosan and its modified derivatives can be employed to fabricate nanoparticles, which are used most frequently in the pharmaceutical sector due to their possession of various characteristics such as nanosize, appropriate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, non-immunogenicity, improved stability, and improved drug loading capacity. Furthermore, it is capable of delivering nucleic acids, chemotherapeutic medicines, and bioactives using modified chitosan. Chitosan and its modified derivative-based nanoparticles can be targeted to specific cancer sites via active and passive mechanisms. Based on chitosan drug delivery systems, many anticancer drugs now have better effectiveness, potency, cytotoxicity, or biocompatibility. The characteristics of chitosan and its chemically tailored derivatives, as well as their use in cancer therapy, will be examined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Virmani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Haryana 121105, India
| | - Girish Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Haryana 121105, India
| | - Ashwani Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Haryana 121105, India
| | - Kamla Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah 206001, India
| | - Md Sayeed Akhtar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, AlFara, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S A Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Moya-Garcia CR, Li-Jessen NYK, Tabrizian M. Chitosomes Loaded with Docetaxel as a Promising Drug Delivery System to Laryngeal Cancer Cells: An In Vitro Cytotoxic Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9902. [PMID: 37373051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Current delivery of chemotherapy, either intra-venous or intra-arterial, remains suboptimal for patients with head and neck tumors. The free form of chemotherapy drugs, such as docetaxel, has non-specific tissue targeting and poor solubility in blood that deters treatment efficacy. Upon reaching the tumors, these drugs can also be easily washed away by the interstitial fluids. Liposomes have been used as nanocarriers to enhance docetaxel bioavailability. However, they are affected by potential interstitial dislodging due to insufficient intratumoral permeability and retention capabilities. Here, we developed and characterized docetaxel-loaded anionic nanoliposomes coated with a layer of mucoadhesive chitosan (chitosomes) for the application of chemotherapy drug delivery. The anionic liposomes were 99.4 ± 1.5 nm in diameter with a zeta potential of -26 ± 2.0 mV. The chitosan coating increased the liposome size to 120 ± 2.2 nm and the surface charge to 24.8 ± 2.6 mV. Chitosome formation was confirmed via FTIR spectroscopy and mucoadhesive analysis with anionic mucin dispersions. Blank liposomes and chitosomes showed no cytotoxic effect on human laryngeal stromal and cancer cells. Chitosomes were also internalized into the cytoplasm of human laryngeal cancer cells, indicating effective nanocarrier delivery. A higher cytotoxicity (p < 0.05) of docetaxel-loaded chitosomes towards human laryngeal cancer cells was observed compared to human stromal cells and control treatments. No hemolytic effect was observed on human red blood cells after a 3 h exposure, proving the proposed intra-arterial administration. Our in vitro results supported the potential of docetaxel-loaded chitosomes for locoregional chemotherapy delivery to laryngeal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian R Moya-Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Nicole Y K Li-Jessen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, 2001 Av. McGill College #8, Montréal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, 2001 Av. McGill College, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
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Burki F, Shah KU, Razaque G, Shah SU, Nawaz A, Saeed MD, Rehman MU, Bibi H, Alfatama M, Elsayed TM. Optimization of Chitosan-Decorated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Improved Flurbiprofen Transdermal Delivery. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19302-19310. [PMID: 37305303 PMCID: PMC10249022 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transdermal delivery is a potential alternative route to oral administration for drugs associated with stomach discomfort, such as flurbiprofen, a widely nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). This study aimed to design solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) transdermal formulations of flurbiprofen. Chitosan-coated SLNs were prepared by the solvent emulsification method, and their properties and permeation profiles across the excised rat skin were characterized. The particle size of uncoated SLNs was at 695 ± 4.65 nm, which increased to 714 ± 6.13, 847 ± 5.38, and 900 ± 8.65 nm upon coating with 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20% of chitosan, respectively. The drug association efficiency was improved when a higher concentration of chitosan was employed over SLN droplets that endowed a higher affinity of flurbiprofen with chitosan. The drug release was significantly retarded as compared to the uncoated entities and followed non-Fickian anomalous diffusion that was depicted by "n" values of >0.5 and <1. Also, the total permeation of chitosan-coated SLNs (F7-F9) was significantly higher than that of the noncoated formulation (F5). Overall, this study has successfully designed a suitable carrier system of chitosan-coated SLNs that provide insight into the current conventional therapeutic approaches and suggest new directions for the advancements in transdermal drug delivery systems for improved permeation of flurbiprofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdous
Ahmad Burki
- Particle
Design and Drug Deliveryery Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Kifayat Ullah Shah
- Particle
Design and Drug Deliveryery Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Razaque
- Faculty
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University
of Balochistan, Quetta 08770, Pakistan
| | - Shefaat Ullah Shah
- Particle
Design and Drug Deliveryery Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Asif Nawaz
- Particle
Design and Drug Deliveryery Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Danish Saeed
- Particle
Design and Drug Deliveryery Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Maqsood Ur Rehman
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, University
of Malakand, Dir Lower 18800, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hadia Bibi
- Department
of Pharmacy, Women Institute of Learning, Abbottabad 22080, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mulham Alfatama
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin,
Besut Campus, Besut 22200, Malaysia
| | - Tarek M. Elsayed
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin,
Besut Campus, Besut 22200, Malaysia
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11
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Aldayel TS, M Badran M, H Alomrani A, AlFaris NA, Z Altamimi J, S Alqahtani A, A Nasr F, Ghaffar S, Orfali R. Chitosan-Coated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as an Efficient Avenue for Boosted Biological Activities of Aloe perryi: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anticancer Potential. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083569. [PMID: 37110803 PMCID: PMC10145204 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aloe perryi (ALP) is an herb that has several biological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor effects and is frequently used to treat a wide range of illnesses. The activity of many compounds is augmented by loading them in nanocarriers. In this study, ALP-loaded nanosystems were developed to improve their biological activity. Among different nanocarriers, solid lipid nanoparticles (ALP-SLNs), chitosan nanoparticles (ALP-CSNPs), and CS-coated SLNs (C-ALP-SLNs) were explored. The particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and release profile were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to see the nanoparticles' morphology. Moreover, the possible biological properties of ALP were assessed and evaluated. ALP extract contained 187 mg GAE/g extract and 33 mg QE/g extract in terms of total phenolic and flavonoid content, respectively. The ALP-SLNs-F1 and ALP-SLNs-F2 showed particle sizes of 168.7 ± 3.1 and 138.4 ± 9.5 nm and the zeta potential values of -12.4 ± 0.6, and -15.8 ± 2.4 mV, respectively. However, C-ALP-SLNs-F1 and C-ALP-SLNs-F2 had particle sizes of 185.3 ± 5.5 and 173.6 ± 11.3 nm with zeta potential values of 11.3 ± 1.4 and 13.6 ± 1.1 mV, respectively. The particle size and zeta potential of ALP-CSNPs were 214.8 ± 6.6 nm and 27.8 ± 3.4 mV, respectively. All nanoparticles exhibited PDI < 0.3, indicating homogenous dispersions. The obtained formulations had EE% and DL% in the ranges of 65-82% and 2.8-5.2%, respectively. After 48 h, the in vitro ALP release rates from ALP-SLNs-F1, ALP-SLNs-F2, C-ALP-SLNs-F1, C-ALP-SLNs-F2, and ALP-CSNPs were 86%, 91%, 78%, 84%, and 74%, respectively. They were relatively stable with a minor particle size increase after one month of storage. C-ALP-SLNs-F2 exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals at 73.27%. C-ALP-SLNs-F2 demonstrated higher antibacterial activity based on MIC values of 25, 50, and 50 µg/mL for P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. coli, respectively. In addition, C-ALP-SLNs-F2 showed potential anticancer activity against A549, LoVo, and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 11.42 ± 1.16, 16.97 ± 1.93, and 8.25 ± 0.44, respectively. The results indicate that C-ALP-SLNs-F2 may be promising nanocarriers for enhancing ALP-based medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahany Saleh Aldayel
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Badran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah H Alomrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jozaa Z Altamimi
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safina Ghaffar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Liu J, Guo S, Jin Z, Zhao K. Adjuvanted quaternized chitosan composite aluminum nanoparticles-based vaccine formulation promotes immune responses in chickens. Vaccine 2023; 41:2982-2989. [PMID: 37032226 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum adjuvant is a typical adjuvant that can promote humoral immune response, but it lacks the ability to effectively induce cellular immune response. The water-soluble N-2-Hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan nanoparticles (N-2-HACC NPs) can enhance humoral and cellular immune responses of vaccines. To enable aluminum adjuvant to induce cellular immunity, the composite nano adjuvant N-2-HACC-Al NPs were synthesized by the N-2-HACC and aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3). The particle size and zeta potential of the N-2-HACC-Al NPs were 300.70 ± 24.90 nm and 32.28 ± 0.52 mV, respectively. The N-2-HACC-Al NPs have good thermal stability and biodegradability and lower cytotoxicity. In addition, to investigate the immunogenicity of the composite nano adjuvant, the combined inactivated vaccine against Newcastle disease (ND) and H9N2 avian influenza (AI) was prepared with the N-2-HACC-Al NPs as a vaccine adjuvant. The immune effect of the vaccine (N-2-HACC-Al/NDV-AIV) was evaluated by chicken in vivo immunization. The vaccine induced higher levels of serum IgG, IL-4, and IFN-γ than those of the commercial combined inactivated vaccine against ND and H9N2 AI. The levels of IFN-γ were more than twice those of the commercial vaccine at 7 days post the immunization. The N-2-HACC-Al NPs could be used as an efficient nano adjuvant to enhance the effectiveness of vaccine and have immense application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Sihan Guo
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
| | - Zheng Jin
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China; Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China.
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China; Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China.
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13
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Minocha N, Sharma N, Verma R, Kaushik D, Pandey P. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Peculiar Strategy to Deliver Bio-Proactive Molecules. RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 17:228-242. [PMID: 35301957 DOI: 10.2174/1872210516666220317143351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) provide numerous benefits compared to conventional dosage forms. Poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, frequent dosing, and particular hydrophilic lipophilic character of the drug are the biological factors associated with the traditional systems leading to the development of SLNs. OBJECTIVE For improving the solubility profile, enhancing the bioavailability, and attaining the best possible therapeutic effect of lipid inclined or aqueous inclined drug, formulating solid lipid nanoparticles is the best choice. METHODS Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) have been projected as a colloidal carrier system with a size of 50-1,000 nm, collectively combining the benefits of other colloidal systems like liposomes, emulsions, etc., for delivering the drug at the target site. High absorption, high stability, and efficient drug packing enhance the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the packed drug. RESULT Solid Lipid Nanoparticles can be developed in different dosage forms and administered via routes such as nasal, rectal, oral, topical, vaginal, ocular, and parenteral. They have higher physicochemical stability and the batch size can be easily scaled up at a low cost. Lipophilic as well as hydrophilic drugs can be easily incorporated into solid lipid nanoparticles. CONCLUSION In this manuscript, the authors have reviewed different aspects of solid lipid nanoparticles, major principles behind mechanism methods, recent patents, applications, and therapeutic potentials of solid lipid nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Minocha
- Shri Baba Mastnath Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K. R. Mangalam University, Sohna Road, Gurugram 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Dr. K. N. Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modinagar 201204, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Shri Baba Mastnath Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Parijat Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurugram University, Gurugram 122018, Haryana, India
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14
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Liu M, Sharma M, Lu GL, Zhang Z, Yin N, Wen J. Full factorial design, physicochemical characterization, ex vivo investigation, and biological assessment of glutathione-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for topical application. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122381. [PMID: 36427694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
l-Glutathione (GSH) has exceptional antioxidant activities against UVA irradiation-induced oxidative stress and is used widely for combatting skin ageing. However, topical administration of GSH is challenging due to its inability to penetrate the stratum corneum (SC). This study aims to evaluate the solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) carrier system for improving the skin penetration and stability of GSH. The GSH-loaded SLNs (GSH-SLNs) were prepared by the double emulsion technique and were optimized by a full factorial design. The optimized GSH-SLNs formulation had a mean particle size of 305 ± 0.6 nm and a zeta potential of + 20.1 ± 9.5 mV, suitable for topical delivery. The ex-vivo penetration study using human skin demonstrated a 3.7-fold improvement of GSH penetration across SC with GSH-SLNs when compared with aqueous GSH. GSH-SLNs prolonged antioxidant activity on UVA irradiated fibroblast cells when compared to GSH solution, preventing UVA-induced cell death and promoting cell growth for times over 48 h. This research has illustrated that as a carrier system, SLNs were able to enhance the physicochemical stability, skin penetration, and drug deposition in the viable epidermis and dermis layers of the skin for GSH, while also maintaining the ability to protect human skin fibroblast cells against oxidative stress caused by UVA irradiation. This delivery system shows future promise as a topical delivery platform for the topical delivery of GSH and other chemically similar bioactive compounds for improving skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Manisha Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Guo-Liang Lu
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Naibo Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jingyuan Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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15
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Almeida EDP, Santos Silva LA, de Araujo GRS, Montalvão MM, Matos SS, da Cunha Gonsalves JKM, de Souza Nunes R, de Meneses CT, Oliveira Araujo RG, Sarmento VHV, De Lucca W, Correa CB, Rodrigues JJ, Lira AAM. Chitosan-functionalized nanostructured lipid carriers containing chloroaluminum phthalocyanine for photodynamic therapy of skin cancer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 179:221-231. [PMID: 36122783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to obtain optimized nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) functionalized with chitosan containing chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (ClAlPc) as a photosensitizer. Initially, the optimization of the preparation method of the NLC was performed, where the influence of different surfactants such as PVA and Tween 80, as well as different solid lipids such as stearic acid and Glycerol Monostearate (GM) was evaluated. The formulation containing GM and PVA (NLC10) was considered promising. Following, by the adsorption method (NLC10q), the formulation was functionalized with chitosan and characterized. NLC10 and NLC10q presented sizes of 131.5 and 231.5 nm, and ZP of -24.30 and + 19.96 mV, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of NLC10q was 96 %, higher than NLC10 (79 %). The formulations were able to promote significant cutaneous retention of ClAlPc, after 2 h and 4 h of the study, and showed to be non-toxic to fibroblasts (biocompatible). PDT in BF16-F10 melanoma resulted in reduced cell viability to 70 % and 50 % for NLC10 and NLCq, respectively. In view of the results obtained, NLC showed to be promising in the treatment of skin cancer through PDT. NLC10q showed higher encapsulation efficiency and stability than NLC10, but, contrary to what was expected, it presented lower photodynamic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz André Santos Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-00, Brazil
| | | | | | - Saulo Santos Matos
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-00, Brazil
| | | | - Rogéria de Souza Nunes
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-00, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Waldecy De Lucca
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Bani Correa
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - José Joatan Rodrigues
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Amélia Moreira Lira
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe 49100-00, Brazil.
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16
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Alqarni MH, Foudah AI, Alam A, Salkini MA, Muharram MM, Labrou NE, Rawat P. Coumarin-Encapsulated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as an Effective Therapy against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:484. [PMID: 36290453 PMCID: PMC9598203 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens are a significant public health problem. This is because the transmission of infectious diseases is shifting, and new antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria are emerging. The development of biofilms that are resistant to antibiotics poses another hurdle to drugs and treatment alternatives. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop innovative strategies to effectively eliminate antibiotic-resistant microorganisms effectively. Natural coumarins have broad spectrum bioactivity and the potential for lower resistance. Coumarin is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants, fungi, and bacteria. It is highly effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Therefore, coumarin can be used as an alternative to combat MRSA. However, most antibacterial agents lack selective targeting of pathological sites, limiting the efficacy of their antibacterial activity. Efficient MRSA treatments can be achieved through nanoparticle (NPs)-based targeted therapies. To address this challenge, a novel coumarin-loaded solid lipid nanocarrier for MRSA was developed to overcome this challenge. The developed systems exhibited a particle size of 138.5 ± 76.06 nm and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.245 ± 0.00. The zeta potential of coumarin-loaded SLNs was reported to be -22.2 ± 8.15 mV with a spherical shape. The encapsulation efficiency of coumarin was reported to be 63.09 ± 3.46% in the final formulation. The developed formulation was biocompatible with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.08 µg/mL. This study suggests that coumarin-loaded SLNs can effectively treat MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I. Foudah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Salkini
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy M. Muharram
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nikolaos E. Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Pinki Rawat
- Maharana Pratap College of Pharmacy, Abdul Kalam Technical University, Kanpur 209217, Uttar Pradesh, India
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17
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Ali Z, Sajid M, Manzoor S, Ahmad MM, Khan MI, Elboughdiri N, Kashif M, Shanableh A, Rajhi W, Mersni W, Bayraktar E, Salem SB. Biodegradable Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Anticancer Drug Carrier for the Targeted Delivery of Docetaxel. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28516-28524. [PMID: 35990493 PMCID: PMC9386705 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted biodegradable polymers are receiving considerable attention in drug delivery due to their ability of targeted recognition and biocompatibility. This study reports the synthesis of a novel fluorescence-active magnetic molecularly imprinted drug carrier (MIDC) using a glucose-based biodegradable cross-linking agent for the delivery of anticancer drug docetaxel. The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) was characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The MMIP presented a magnetization value of 0.0059 emu g-1 and binding capacity of 72 mg g-1 with docetaxel. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to observe the effectiveness of the MIDC for drug delivery. The cell viability assay suggested that the MMIP did not present toxic effects on healthy cells. The magnetic property of the MMIP allowed quick identification of the drug carrier at the target site by applying the external magnetic field to mice (after 20 min of loading) and taking X-ray images. The novel MMIP-based drug carrier could thus deliver the drug at the target site without affecting the healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Ali
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya
University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya
University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
- . Tel.: 00923040801998
| | - Suryyia Manzoor
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya
University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Research
Institute of Sciences and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noureddine Elboughdiri
- Chemical
Engineering Process Department, National
School of Engineers Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6011, Tunisia
- . Tel.: 00966549571015
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Department
of Chemistry, Emerson University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Abdallah Shanableh
- Research
Institute of Sciences and Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wajdi Rajhi
- Mechanical
Engineering Department, College of Engineering,
University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81441,Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael Mersni
- National
School of Engineers of Tunis, University
of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
| | - Emin Bayraktar
- School
of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, ISAE-SUPMECA Institute
of Mechanics of Paris, Saint-Ouen 93400, France
| | - Sahbi Ben Salem
- National
School of Engineers of Tunis, University
of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
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18
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Physicochemical Characterization of Chitosan-Decorated Finasteride Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Skin Drug Delivery. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7792180. [PMID: 35971450 PMCID: PMC9375701 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7792180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Finasteride is considered the drug of choice for androgenic alopecia and benign prostate hyperplasia. The aim of the study was to formulate nanodrug carriers of finasteride with enhanced retentive properties in the skin. The finasteride was formulated as solid lipid nanoparticles that were decorated with different concentrations of chitosan for improved retentive properties. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were synthesized by “high-speed homogenization technique” using stearic acid as a solid lipid while PEG-6000 and Tween-80 were used as surfactants. The SLNs were evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency, and drug release behavior. The mean particle size of SLNs was in the range of 10.10 nm to 144.2 nm. The PDI ranged from 0.244 to 0.412 while zeta potential was in the range of 8.9 mV to 62.6 mV. The drug entrapment efficiency in chitosan undecorated formulations was 48.3% while an increase in drug entrapment was observed in chitosan-decorated formulations (51.1% to 62%). The in vitro drug release studies of SLNs showed an extended drug release for 24 hours after 4 hours of initial burst release. The extended drug release was observed in chitosan-coated SLNs in comparison with uncoated nanoparticles. The permeation and retention study revealed higher retention of drug in the skin and low permeation with chitosan-decorated SLNs that ranged from 39.4 μg/cm2 to 13.2 μg/cm2. TEM images depicted spherical shape of SLNs. The stability study confirmed stable formulations in temperature range of 5°C and 40°C for three months. It is concluded from this study that the SLNs of finasteride were successfully formulated and chitosan decoration enhanced the drug retention in the skin layers. Therefore, these formulations could be used in androgenic alopecia and benign prostate hyperplasia to avoid the side effects, drug degradation, and prolonged use of drug with conventional oral therapy.
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19
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Paiva KLR, Radicchi MA, Báo SN. In Vitro Evaluation of NLS-DTX Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154920. [PMID: 35956870 PMCID: PMC9370415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases in the world, and the development and improvement of treatments used in cancer therapies are extremely important for a better quality of life for patients. In view of the current problems in drug administration such as low solubility and adverse effects, the activity of a solid lipid nanoparticle containing docetaxel (SLN-DTX), a drug already used in conventional therapies, was evaluated in a cell line (MDA-MB-231) of one of the most aggressive types of breast cancer with the worst prognosis, triple-negative breast cancer. Viability tests indicated that SLN-DTX has a greater dependence on the treatment dose when compared to the free drug, which indicates a more controlled release of the drug, and both reduced viability by around 50% at a concentration of 1 µg/mL after 72 h. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal and light microscopy analyses indicated that after treatment the cells enter a mitotic catastrophe, characteristic of antimitotic drugs that usually make cells progress to death or senescence. Cells treated with both DTX and SLN-DTX showed significant inhibition of mobility, 73.6% and 66.5% when treated with SLN-DTX and DTX, respectively, compared to the 11.4% of the control after 72 h, characteristics that are very relevant in tumor development and progression. SLN-DTX demonstrated its great potential as a nanocarrier by maintaining and improving the drug’s action in the MDA-MB-231 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L. R. Paiva
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (K.L.R.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Postgraduate Program of Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Marina A. Radicchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (K.L.R.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Postgraduate Program of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Sônia N. Báo
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (K.L.R.P.); (M.A.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Nanomedicine-Based Delivery Strategies for Breast Cancer Treatment and Management. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052856. [PMID: 35269998 PMCID: PMC8911433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women globally. It is caused by mutations in the estrogen/progesterone receptors and conventional treatment methods are commonly utilized. About 70–80 percent of individuals with the early-stage non-metastatic disease may be cured. Conventional treatment is far less than the optimal ratio, as demonstrated through the high mortality rate of women with this cancer. However, conventional treatment methods like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are not as effective as expected and lead to concerns about low bioavailability, low cellular uptake, emerging resistance, and adverse toxicities. A nanomedicine-based approach is a promising alternative for breast cancer treatment. The present era is witnessing rapid advancements in nanomedicine as a platform for investigating novel therapeutic applications and modern intelligent healthcare management strategies. This paper focuses on nanomedicine-based therapeutic interventions that are becoming more widely accepted for improving treatment effectiveness and reducing undesired side effects in breast cancer patients. By evaluating the state-of-the-art tools and taking the challenges involved into consideration, various aspects of the proposed nano-enabled therapeutic approaches have been discussed in this review.
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Chitosan: An Overview of Its Properties and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193256. [PMID: 34641071 PMCID: PMC8512059 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan has garnered much interest due to its properties and possible applications. Every year the number of publications and patents based on this polymer increase. Chitosan exhibits poor solubility in neutral and basic media, limiting its use in such conditions. Another serious obstacle is directly related to its natural origin. Chitosan is not a single polymer with a defined structure but a family of molecules with differences in their composition, size, and monomer distribution. These properties have a fundamental effect on the biological and technological performance of the polymer. Moreover, some of the biological properties claimed are discrete. In this review, we discuss how chitosan chemistry can solve the problems related to its poor solubility and can boost the polymer properties. We focus on some of the main biological properties of chitosan and the relationship with the physicochemical properties of the polymer. Then, we review two polymer applications related to green processes: the use of chitosan in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and its use as support for biocatalysts. Finally, we briefly describe how making use of the technological properties of chitosan makes it possible to develop a variety of systems for drug delivery.
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22
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Ruiz-Pulido G, Medina DI, Barani M, Rahdar A, Sargazi G, Baino F, Pandey S. Nanomaterials for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Head and Neck Cancers: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3706. [PMID: 34279276 PMCID: PMC8269895 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a category of cancers that typically arise from the nose-, mouth-, and throat-lining squamous cells. The later stage of HNC diagnosis significantly affects the patient's survival rate. This makes it mandatory to diagnose this cancer with a suitable biomarker and imaging techniques at the earlier stages of growth. There are limitations to traditional technologies for early detection of HNC. Furthermore, the use of nanocarriers for delivering chemo-, radio-, and phototherapeutic drugs represents a promising approach for improving the outcome of HNC treatments. Several studies with nanostructures focus on the development of a targeted and sustained release of anticancer molecules with reduced side effects. Besides, nanovehicles could allow co-delivering of anticancer drugs for synergistic activity to counteract chemo- or radioresistance. Additionally, a new generation of smart nanomaterials with stimuli-responsive properties have been developed to distinguish between unique tumor conditions and healthy tissue. In this light, the present article reviews the mechanisms used by different nanostructures (metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, quantum dots, liposomes, nanomicelles, etc.) to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment, provides an up-to-date picture of the state of the art in this field, and highlights the major challenges for future improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ruiz-Pulido
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Atizapan de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Dora I Medina
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Atizapan de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 76169-14115, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran
| | - Ghasem Sargazi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Science, Bam 76617-71967, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Particulate Matter Research Center, Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology (RIST), 187-12, Geumho-ro, Gwangyang-si 57801, Korea
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Recent Biomedical Approaches for Chitosan Based Materials as Drug Delivery Nanocarriers. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040587. [PMID: 33924046 PMCID: PMC8073149 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on nanotechnology have been attracting substantial interest in the pharmaceutical field, especially those developed based on natural polymers such as chitosan, cellulose, starch, collagen, gelatin, alginate and elastin. Nanomaterials based on chitosan (CS) or chitosan derivatives are broadly investigated as promising nanocarriers due to their biodegradability, good biocompatibility, non-toxicity, low immunogenicity, great versatility and beneficial biological effects. CS, either alone or as composites, are suitable substrates in the fabrication of different types of products like hydrogels, membranes, beads, porous foams, nanoparticles, in-situ gel, microparticles, sponges and nanofibers/scaffolds. Currently, the CS based nanocarriers are intensely studied as controlled and targeted drug release systems for different drugs (anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, anticancer etc.) as well as for proteins/peptides, growth factors, vaccines, small DNA (DNAs) and short interfering RNA (siRNA). This review targets the latest biomedical approaches for CS based nanocarriers such as nanoparticles (NPs) nanofibers (NFs), nanogels (NGs) and chitosan coated liposomes (LPs) and their potential applications for medical and pharmaceutical fields. The advantages and challenges of reviewed CS based nanocarriers for different routes of administration (oral, transmucosal, pulmonary and transdermal) with reference to classical formulations are also emphasized.
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