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Sutor S, Graetz C, Geiken A, Straßburger M, Löwe C, Holtmann B, Conrad J, Sälzer S, Dörfer CE. Effect of a powered and a manual toothbrush in subjects susceptible to gingival recession: A 36-month randomized controlled clinical study. Int J Dent Hyg 2024. [PMID: 38863249 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this long-term clinical study was to evaluate the influence of a newly developed powered toothbrush (PT) on the size and number of pre-existing gingival recessions (GR) in comparison to a manual toothbrush (MT). METHODS This was a prospective, single-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled clinical study. Participants without periodontitis, but with at least two teeth (index teeth) showing GR ≥2 mm were randomized to brush either twice daily with a MT or with a PT with a linear magnetic drive causing the round brush head to produce gentle micro vibrations along with oscillating-rotating movements. Primary outcome parameter was the mean change of GR at the index teeth over 36 months. RESULTS Totally 87 out of 92 participants completed the study (MT/PT: n = 42/n = 45). At the 36-month evaluation the mean (standard deviation) change of GR at index teeth differed significantly between MT 0.17 (0.77) and PT -0.10 (0.63) (p = 0.013). Furthermore, the amount of GR sites which improved ≥1 mm or remained stable during the study period did not differ between MT and PT, but the number of sites worsened ≥1 mm was significantly in favour for PT (MT 23 (25.5%) versus PT 10 (10.6%); p = 0.009). A binary logistic regression identified tooth type (OR = 2.991 for pre-/molar (1.096 [95% CI 1.002-8.933]; p = 0.050)) and manual brushing (OR = 3.341 (1.206 [95% CI 1291-8648]; p = 0.013)) as risk factors for recession impairment at the index teeth. There were no differences between groups for adverse events. CONCLUSION In a population with pre-existing gingival recessions and consequently a high risk of developing further recession the PT seems to be favourable with regard to further development of GR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Sutor
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Graetz
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Antje Geiken
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin Straßburger
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carolin Löwe
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bernhard Holtmann
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonas Conrad
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sonja Sälzer
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Zahnarztpraxis Poststraße, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christof E Dörfer
- Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Howell BM, Trammell S, Livingston M, Royer R. Pilot study of the effectiveness and acceptability of an automatic toothbrush among residents in long-term care. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024; 44:10.1111/scd.12996. [PMID: 38520685 PMCID: PMC11417133 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Reduced mobility and/or low cognitive functioning may make it difficult for residents with special care needs in long-term care homes to brush their own teeth every day. Demands on caregiving staff in these homes may also result in skipping essential toothbrushing tasks, resulting in poor oral health. METHODS AND RESULTS This article provides the results of a 6-week pilot study that tested the effectiveness and acceptability of the Willo automatic toothbrush "robot" used among residents in long-term care compared to their regular toothbrush. Using a non-randomized delayed-start design with a convenience sample (age 38-82 years, mean = 66.9), each study participant underwent biofilm assessments at three timepoints: (1) baseline as the study began (mean = 2.33), (2) after using their regular toothbrush daily for 3 weeks (mean = 2.21), and (3) after using the Willo automatic toothbrush daily for 3 weeks (mean = 0.31). Using t-tests and repeated measures ANOVA, the Willo was significantly more effective than regular toothbrushing at reducing biofilm (p = .00004) and gingivitis (p = .002) over time. Participants also responded to brief weekly satisfaction surveys about their experiences using the two different brushes. The Willo was generally tolerated among participants, who largely reported that the brush was easy to use, not uncomfortable, and did not cause pain or bleeding. While approximately half of the study participants reported liking the Willo, the remainder did not want to replace their regular brush with the Willo, for a variety of reasons. CONCLUSION We recommend more research on the effectiveness and acceptability of automatic toothbrushes with long-term care residents, caregivers, and others who may benefit from their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britteny M Howell
- Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
| | | | - Marin Livingston
- Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
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Raeesi SA, Matrooshi KA, Khamis AH, Tawfik AR, Bain C, Jamal M, Atieh M, Shah M. Awareness of Periodontal Health among Pregnant Females in Government Setting in United Arab Emirates. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:368-377. [PMID: 37591285 PMCID: PMC10959595 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontal disease is one of the most common infectious diseases. Several factors are associated with increased susceptibility of periodontal disease such as hormonal changes during pregnancy. Although pregnancy does not directly cause gingivitis, it can aggravate preexisting periodontal disease. This study aimed to evaluate knowledge of the association between periodontal disease and pregnancy in pregnant females. MATERIALS AND METHODS A convenience sample of pregnant females attending two United Arab Emirates government hospitals was recruited for this study. A 23-item questionnaire was developed with four sections, covering sociodemographic details, oral hygiene, oral symptoms during pregnancy, and knowledge of periodontal health during pregnancy. The study was conducted between April and October 2017. All participants consented to the survey. RESULTS A total of 100 participants with a mean age of 31 years (± 5.9) completed the survey. Most respondents brushed their teeth 2 to 3 times a day (65%), used a manual toothbrush (93%) but only visited the dentist when in pain (62%). Few respondents self-reported any gingival signs and symptoms during pregnancy; 38% had bleeding gums, 27% had no gum swelling, and 34% had bad odor/taste/smell. Only 21% of pregnant females lost a tooth/teeth during pregnancy, 15% believed that pregnancy increased the likelihood of gum disease, and 66% of gynecologists did not advise a visit to the dentist.Housewives were significantly less knowledgeable about periodontal health than students/employed respondents (p = 0.01). Quality of knowledge was not associated with educational attainment (< 0.06). Respondents > 30 years of age were more likely to believe in "a tooth for a baby" than younger participants aged < 30 years (p < 0.05). A logistic regression model showed that educational attainment was not a predictor for the belief in "a tooth for a baby" but age was a significant predictor (odds ratio = 2.0). CONCLUSION Protocols should be developed in antenatal clinics in order to improve periodontal health in pregnant females and to prevent complications that can result in adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sireen Al Raeesi
- Emirates Heath Services, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khawla Al Matrooshi
- Emirates Heath Services, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amar Hassan Khamis
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine Dubai Healthcare City, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdel Rahman Tawfik
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine Dubai Healthcare City, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Crawford Bain
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine Dubai Healthcare City, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Jamal
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine Dubai Healthcare City, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Momen Atieh
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine Dubai Healthcare City, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maanas Shah
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine Dubai Healthcare City, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Kaneyasu Y, Shigeishi H, Sugiyama M, Ohta K. Development and evaluation of the "Toothbrushing Timer with Information on Toothbrushes" application: A prospective cohort pilot study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:1206-1213. [PMID: 37872887 PMCID: PMC10728532 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES For people, it is challenging to be conscious of the appropriate toothbrushing time to maintain good oral health in daily life. The aim of this study was to preliminarily examine the utility of an application (app) that combines a toothbrushing timer and information on toothbrushes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed the "Toothbrushing Timer with Information on Toothbrushes" app to help users ensure appropriate toothbrushing time and learn about the beneficial characteristics of toothbrushes. A total of 18 participants were registered for the study. At baseline (T0) and after 1 month (T1) of app usage, study participants answered a digital questionnaire that comprised three questions on oral health practice, self-efficacy in oral hygiene, and quality of life related to oral health (Oral Health Impact Profile-14 [OHIP-14]). RESULTS Five participants were excluded from the analysis as they did not answer the digital questionnaire. Finally, 13 participants completed the survey with a follow-up of 1 month. The 13 participants were grouped into health professionals (n = 8) and non-health professionals (n = 5). The total scores for oral health practice and self-efficacy related to oral hygiene increased after a month of app usage in health professional and non-health professional groups. However, there were no significant differences between T0 and T1 in either group. The total score of OHIP-14 was lower at T1 than at T0 in both groups. Therefore, participants showed better oral health practice, self-efficacy in oral hygiene, and quality of life related to oral health at T1 compared with that at T0. CONCLUSIONS Our app showed positive results for the users and is useful in maintaining and promoting oral health awareness and practice. However, our pilot study lacks sufficient power and did not yield significant differences. Therefore, high-quality clinical trials with larger sample sizes are warranted for further improvement and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshino Kaneyasu
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Hideo Shigeishi
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Masaru Sugiyama
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Care SciencesTakarazuka University of Medical and Health CareTakarazuka CityHyogoJapan
| | - Kouji Ohta
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
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Khoury J, Giladi HZ, Ginesin O, Gabay E, Mayer Y. The influence of radio frequency-based toothbrush on the accumulation of calculus and periodontal health: A randomized double-blind controlled prospective study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:574-585. [PMID: 37515446 PMCID: PMC10441598 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of a toothbrush with radio frequency (RF) has shown to be of benefit regarding the reduction of plaque, calculus, and dental staining and improving teeth shade compared to conventional powered and manual toothbrushes. AIM To evaluate the efficacy of the RF toothbrush in the reduction of calculus accumulation and its effect on periodontal parameters as well as subject satisfaction as compared to an identical sham-tooth brush. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who are under a strict maintenance program were included. Patients were allocated to test (RF toothbrush) or control (sham) randomly and were examined at baseline, one and three months. Clinical photos were taken and a consequential calculus assessment via ImageJ software. Clinical assessment included the following: plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and recession (REC). Patient satisfaction was assessed via a questionnaire. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients (29 control, 29 test) were included. At baseline mean PPD, BOP, PI, REC, and calculus accumulation were similar between the groups. Mean buccal calculus was lower in the test group at one month 4.0% versus 6.7%, p < .05. Calculus accumulation within the groups was lower in the test group at 1 and 3 months when compared to baseline at the buccal aspect (2.8% vs. 8.9%, p < .05% and 3.8% vs. 8.9%, p < .05) and lingual aspect (6.7% vs. 16.5%, p < .05% and 8.9% vs. 16.5%, p < .05). No statistically significant results were found regarding periodontal parameters PPD, BOP, PI, and REC. No difference was found between groups regarding patient satisfaction. CONCLUSION RF seems to have an additive effect on preventing calculus accumulation on the buccal aspect of anterior mandibular teeth at 1 month. Nevertheless, at 3 months, no difference between the toothbrushes is seen regarding calculus formation and maintaining periodontal health (ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier NCT04640857).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Khoury
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
| | - Hadar Z. Giladi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
- Faculty of MedicineTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Ofir Ginesin
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
- Faculty of MedicineTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Eran Gabay
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
- Faculty of MedicineTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Yaniv Mayer
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate DentistryRambam Health Care Campus (RHCC)HaifaIsrael
- Faculty of MedicineTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
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Avenetti DM, Martin MA, Gansky SA, Ramos-Gomez FJ, Hyde S, Van Horn R, Jue B, Rosales GF, Cheng NF, Shiboski CH. Calibration and reliability testing of a novel asynchronous photographic plaque scoring system in young children. J Public Health Dent 2023; 83:108-115. [PMID: 36781405 PMCID: PMC10329468 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index for Maxillary Incisors (OHI-MIS) is a novel plaque scoring system adapted for young children. This study describes calibration training and testing used to establish the inter- and intra-rater reliability for OHI-MIS measured from clinical photographs. METHODS Two raters from the Coordinated Oral Health Promotion Chicago (CO-OP) and one from the Behavioral EConomics for Oral health iNnovation (BEECON) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) underwent calibration with gold standard raters, followed by annual re-calibration. Raters from CO-OP also completed inter-rater reliability testing; all three raters completed intra-rater reliability testing rounds. Photographs were obtained from children aged 9-39 months. RESULTS All three raters achieved greater than 0.77 Lin's Concordance Correlation (LCC) versus gold standard consensus during calibration. All three raters had LCC ≥0.83 at recalibration 1 year later. CO-OP trial raters scored 604 photos (151 sets of 4 photographs); mostly both raters were somewhat/very confident in their scoring (≥89%), describing the most photos as "clear" (90% and 81%). The CO-OP inter-rater LCC for total OHI-MIS score was 0.86, changing little when low quality or confidence photos were removed. All three raters demonstrated high intra-rater reliability (≥0.83). CONCLUSIONS The OHI-MIS plaque scoring system on photos had good reliability within and between trials following protocol training and calibration. OHI-MIS provides a novel asynchronous plaque scoring system for use in young children. Non-clinicians in field or clinical settings can obtain photographs, offering new opportunities for research and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Avenetti
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, UIC College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Molly A. Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, UIC College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stuart A. Gansky
- Department Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Francisco J. Ramos-Gomez
- Division of Preventative and Restorative Sciences, Section of Pediatric Dentistry, UCLA School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Susan Hyde
- Department Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rebecca Van Horn
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, UIC College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bonnie Jue
- Department Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Genesis F. Rosales
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nancy F. Cheng
- Department Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Caroline H. Shiboski
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, UCSF School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Silva FH, Montagner AF, Silveira MC, Muniz FWMG. Antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of new and worn manual toothbrushes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dent Hyg 2023; 21:95-105. [PMID: 36300684 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the literature about the antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of new and worn manual toothbrushes. METHODS Five databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials, involving adults, comparing the clinical efficacy of new and worn manual toothbrushes. Experimental groups need to have different usage time in changing their manual toothbrush. Two reviewers performed studies selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment independently. Meta-analyses were performed comparing the toothbrushes after a single use (antiplaque efficacy) and after multiple uses (antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy). RESULTS Eight studies were included, totalling 344 individuals. In studies with a single-use design, no statistically difference was found between new and worn toothbrushes for antiplaque efficacy (SMD:-0.39; 95%CI:-0.80 to 0.03). Studies with a multiple-use design showed no statistically difference between groups for the antigingivitis efficacy (MD:-0.10; 95%CI:-0.24 to 0.03). However, higher antiplaque efficacy was demonstrated in new toothbrushes in the studies with a multiple-use design (SMD:-0.75; 95%CI:-1.37 to -0.14). The certainty of the evidence ranged from very low (antiplaque) to low (antigingivitis). CONCLUSION New and worn toothbrushes presented similar antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy. However, further randomized controlled trials, with a lower risk of bias, are needed to enhance the certainty of this evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Hecktheuer Silva
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Mirnaya EA, Makarova OV, Polianskaya LN, Kupets TV, Kurilo MN, Zakharova IA, Pipiraite RA. [The contribution of the combined use of an electric toothbrush and specialized toothpaste for electric brushes to the dental health of young people aged 18-25 years]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2023; 102:27-33. [PMID: 37937920 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202310205127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
THE AIM OF THE STUDY Was to assess the impact of two toothpastes marked as «Whitening» and two electric toothbrushes on the dental health values of young adults aged 18-25 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study comprised 139 young adults 18-25 years old participated to assess the improvement of dental index score in dynamic observation. The study groups were formed by random sampling. RESULTS The effectiveness of two types of electric toothbrushes in combination with two different toothpastes has been studied. Significant improvement of oral health indices in 3 months of investigation was found in the study group with sonic electric brush and toothpaste specially designed for use with electric toothbrushes (p<0.01). CONCLUSION The study showed the benefit of combined use of sonic electric brush and low abrasive toothpaste containing bromelain, xylite, calcium glycerophosphate and magnesium chloride for dental health of young adults aged 18-25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Mirnaya
- Belorussian State Medical University, Minsk, Belorussia
| | - O V Makarova
- Belorussian State Medical University, Minsk, Belorussia
| | | | - T V Kupets
- Distribution Retail Company group, Moscow, Russia
| | - M N Kurilo
- Distribution Retail Company group, Moscow, Russia
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Cytotoxic effects of different detergent containing children's toothpastes on human gingival epithelial cells. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:66. [PMID: 35264124 PMCID: PMC8908683 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate possible cytotoxic effects to gingival epithelial cells exposed to children toothpastes containing different detergent. Methods Tissues required for the isolation of human gingival epithelial cells were obtained by biopsy during the extraction of the impacted third molar tooth. Toothpaste solutions of different concentrations were prepared from five different children’s toothpastes with different detergent contents. Isolated gingival epithelial cells were stimulated with experimental groups consisting of toothpaste solutions (Colgate, Sensodyne, Splat, Nenedent, Perlodent) at different concentrations and a control group consisting of complete Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium. After the experiments, cell viability was evaluated using flow cytometry. 2 Way ANOVA was used to see the interaction effect of the main effects of toothpaste solution and concentration factors. Pairwise comparisons were made by Tukey post hoc tests. In the study, the significance level was taken as 0.05. Results As a result of the analysis, it was seen that the toothpaste solution and concentration factors and the interactions of these 2 factors were effective on the viable, early apoptotic, late apoptotic and necrotic cell rates. The statistically highest live cell ratios were detected in Splat’s toothpaste solutions (90.14% at 0.4% concentration) after the control group (90.82%) and the group with the lowest viability values was determined in Colgate group (75.74% at 0.4% concentration) (p < 0.05). Conclusions According to the results of the study, it was observed that toothpastes containing SLS affected the viability of cells more negatively than toothpastes with other detergent contents.
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Electric and Manual Oral Hygiene Routines Affect Plaque Index Score Differently. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413123. [PMID: 34948732 PMCID: PMC8701503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the oral hygiene behaviors in the general population and identify factors affecting oral hygiene behaviors and plaque removal efficacy. A survey was distributed to patients through 11 dental practices in Japan, and each patient’s plaque index score (PIS) was recorded. In total, 1184 patients participated (521 women and 660 men), with 84.04% using manual toothbrushes (MTBs) and 15.96% using electric toothbrushes (ETBs). ETB users had a significantly lower PIS compared to MTB users (p = 0.0017). In addition, a statistically significant difference in the PIS was detected in relation to the frequency of brushing per day (≥2 times) and time spent on brushing (≥1 min). Some MTB users spent less than 1 min brushing, while all ETB users spent at least 1 min brushing, and extended brushing periods significantly improved the PIS for the MTB users. MTB users tend to replace brush heads more frequently than ETB users, and the frequency of replacement affected the PIS significantly (p < 0.01) for the MTB users. The status of dental treatment (first visit, in treatment versus recall) also significantly affected the PIS (p < 0.01). The ETB was more effective than the MTB in terms of better plaque removal and reduced frequency of brush head replacement.
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Ying Y, Nicolau B. Oscillating-rotating electric toothbrushes may have a better effect on gingivitis and plaque control than sonic and manual toothbrushes in adults. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2021; 21:101575. [PMID: 34479675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2021.101575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Grender J, Adam R, Zou Y. The effects of oscillating-rotating electric toothbrushes on plaque and gingival health: A meta-analysis. Am J Dent. 2020 Feb;33(1):3-11. PMID: 32,056,408. SOURCE OF FUNDING Industry (Procter & Gamble Company). TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis of data.
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Olsén L, Brissman A, Wiman S, Eriksson F, Kaj C, Brunius Enlund K. Improved Oral Health and Adaptation to Treatment in Dogs Using Manual or Ultrasonic Toothbrush or Textile of Nylon or Microfiber for Active Dental Home Care. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092481. [PMID: 34573447 PMCID: PMC8469497 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor oral health is a common problem in dogs causing pain and impaired welfare. The gold standard to maintain good oral health and prevent periodontitis is daily tooth brushing. However, many dog owners find it difficult, and dogs often show aversive behavior. There are several different tools available, and in this intra-subject study, four different active dental home care treatment options were examined: manual and ultrasonic toothbrush, a nylon glove, and a microfiber finger cloth. The treatments were evaluated for efficacy against gingivitis, plaque, and calculus in beagle dogs. Each dog received two treatments on the buccal sides of the teeth once daily, either two types of toothbrushes (N = 10) or two types of textiles (N = 11), on separate sides of the mouth. The dogs' teeth were assessed before and after the five-week treatment period, with the assessor blinded by additional, similar dogs (N = 7). The study also assessed the dogs' stress levels during treatment using a fear, anxiety, stress (FAS) protocol. All four treatments improved dog oral health, reducing gingivitis and plaque. Furthermore, the amount of calculus also decreased in some individuals. Adaptation to dental care occurred in the dogs over time. This information can be used to encourage dog owners to brush their dogs' teeth.
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Preda C, Butera A, Pelle S, Pautasso E, Chiesa A, Esposito F, Oldoini G, Scribante A, Genovesi AM, Cosola S. The Efficacy of Powered Oscillating Heads vs. Powered Sonic Action Heads Toothbrushes to Maintain Periodontal and Peri-Implant Health: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1468. [PMID: 33557327 PMCID: PMC7915098 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy of rotating-oscillating heads (ORHs) VS sonic action heads (SAHs) powered toothbrushes on plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation. METHODS An electronic (MEDLINE, Embase, Inspec, PQ SciTech and BIOSIS) and a complementary manual search were made to detect eligible studies. RCTs meeting the following criteria were included: final timepoint longer than 15 days; year of publication after 2000; patients without orthodontic appliances or severe systemic/psychiatric diseases. Studies comparing two or more different types of sonic/roto-oscillating toothbrushes were excluded. Selection of articles, extraction of data, and assessment of quality were made independently by several reviewers. RESULTS 12 trials (1433 participants) were included. The differences between ORHs and SAHs toothbrushes were expressed as weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The heterogeneity of data was evaluated. Concerning Plaque Index, both toothbrushes obtained comparable results. Six trials of up to 3 months and at an unclear risk of bias provided significant outcomes in terms of gingival inflammation in favor of ORHs toothbrush. Evidence resulting from three trials of up to 6 months and at a high/low risk of bias stated SAHs toothbrush superiority in gingival inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Both ORHs and SAHs toothbrushes improved the outcomes measured from the baseline. In most of the good quality trials included, SAHs toothbrush showed statistical better long-term results. Due to the shortage of investigations, no further accurate conclusions can be outlined with reference to the superiority of a specific powered toothbrush over the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Preda
- Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Versilia General Hospital, 55041 Lido di Camaiore, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (F.E.); (G.O.); (A.M.G.); (S.C.)
- Study Center for Multidisciplinary Regenerative Research, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Butera
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic an Paediatric Sciences University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Silvia Pelle
- Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Versilia General Hospital, 55041 Lido di Camaiore, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (F.E.); (G.O.); (A.M.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Eleonora Pautasso
- Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Versilia General Hospital, 55041 Lido di Camaiore, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (F.E.); (G.O.); (A.M.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Alessandro Chiesa
- Study Center for Multidisciplinary Regenerative Research, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00100 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic an Paediatric Sciences University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Versilia General Hospital, 55041 Lido di Camaiore, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (F.E.); (G.O.); (A.M.G.); (S.C.)
- Study Center for Multidisciplinary Regenerative Research, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Oldoini
- Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Versilia General Hospital, 55041 Lido di Camaiore, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (F.E.); (G.O.); (A.M.G.); (S.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, Unicamillus International Medical University, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic an Paediatric Sciences University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Genovesi
- Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Versilia General Hospital, 55041 Lido di Camaiore, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (F.E.); (G.O.); (A.M.G.); (S.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, Unicamillus International Medical University, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Saverio Cosola
- Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Versilia General Hospital, 55041 Lido di Camaiore, Italy; (C.P.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (F.E.); (G.O.); (A.M.G.); (S.C.)
- Department of Stomatology, University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain
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Reddy K, Soubhgya M, Begum N, Vuggirala V, Nallagula KH, Nagakishore. Comparative evolution of clinical efficacy of manual tooth brush versus chewable tooth brush a randomized clinical trail. INDIAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/ijds.ijds_108_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Moriyama CM, Santos EM, Gonçalves MLL, Tubel CA, da Silva MP, Nascimento VAW, Teixeira VP, Sobral APT, Horliana ACRT, Motta LJ, de Paula EA, Magalhães GTZDA, Magalhães JCDA, Deana AM, Sakiyama KI, Bussadori SK. Evaluation of the efficacy of a commercially available regimen vs brushing alone on established plaque and gingivitis on adolescents: Study protocol for a randomized, controlled, blind clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23092. [PMID: 33157981 PMCID: PMC7647623 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental biofilm accumulation and poor personal oral hygiene are known major risk factors for gingivitis and halitosis. However, it is not clear how studies compare the effectiveness of hygiene regimens, associated with outcomes centered on patients. METHODS A randomized, blind, controlled clinical trial involving 58 participants aged from 12 to 17 years, who search the Department of Pediatric Dentistry of Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, will be conducted. Immediately, the volunteers will be inserted into Group 1 (commercially available hygiene regimen) or Group 2 (tooth brushing alone). In Group 1, participants will receive Colgate Total 12 toothpastes, Plax mouthwashes and Colgate Ultrasoft toothbrushes, while Group 2 will use Colgate Cavity Protection toothpastes and Colgate Ultrasoft toothbrushes. The interventions will be conducted in the periods of 1, 3, and 6 months after the baseline, when the evaluations will also be performed. Biofilm and halitosis indexes will be evaluated. Data regarding discomfort, satisfaction and the socioeconomic/individual characteristics will also be computed. DISCUSSION Although toothbrushing has shown positive effects in decreasing biofilm and in gingival health, there is no comparison in the literature of different brushing regimens with halitosis measurement in adolescents. In addition, the effectiveness of these protocols would be confirmed from the acceptability of the volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcela Leticia Leal Gonçalves
- Dentistry College, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos - UNIMES
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lara Jansiski Motta
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Melo Deana
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Dentistry College, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos - UNIMES
- Dentistry College Students, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos - UNIMES, Santos
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Ikawa T, Mizutani K, Sudo T, Kano C, Ikeda Y, Akizuki T, Kobayashi H, Izumi Y, Iwata T. Clinical comparison of an electric-powered ionic toothbrush and a manual toothbrush in plaque reduction: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2020; 19:93-98. [PMID: 33029896 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the plaque removal efficacy of a newly developed electric-powered ionic toothbrush vs. a manual toothbrush. MATERIALS AND METHODS Manual or electric-powered ionic toothbrushes were randomly assigned to 30 healthy volunteers divided into two groups (Phase I). After 2 min of brushing, all tooth surfaces were stained with a plaque staining solution, and blinded examiners performed scoring using the Rustogi Modification of the Navy Plaque Index. Plaque removal rate was calculated at the central incisors, first premolar and first molar, as representative teeth, in the maxilla and mandibula. One week following Phase I, the same examinations were repeated in all subjects using another toothbrush (Phase II), as a crossover design. RESULTS Electric ionic toothbrushes demonstrated a significantly higher plaque removal rate than manual toothbrushes in the premolar and molar areas (p < .05). However, in the central incisor area, no statistically significant difference was observed. CONCLUSIONS Compared with manual toothbrushes, electric-powered ionic ones were significantly efficient in removing plaque in the premolar and molar areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ikawa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeaki Sudo
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kano
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikeda
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Akizuki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kobayashi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Oral Care Perio Center, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Evaluation of Oral Health Status and Oral Care of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Dent 2020; 2020:8896766. [PMID: 33178279 PMCID: PMC7648699 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8896766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontal disease (PD) are common chronic, immunoinflammatory, destructive, and progressive diseases; however, the correlations between those two are not yet widely discussed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the selected demographic and clinical parameters of RA patients and oral health status parameters, on the basis of self-assessment. Materials and Methods Three hundred patients under treatment were included in the study. Questionnaires were completed by 164 out of 300 patients. Results A total of 100 females and 64 males took part in the study, with a mean age of 65 ± 11.1 years. In younger patients, the disease activity score (DAS28) was higher, and it was associated with pain or discomfort in the oral cavity and with difficulties in toothbrushing. Discomfort or pain in the oral cavity was to a significant extent associated with the poor gingival state, gingival bleeding, and difficulties in biting or chewing. Conclusions In RA patients, difficulties in biting or chewing, discomfort or pain in oral cavity, feeling of the presence of movable teeth, and gingival bleeding are indications of periodontal infection. Maintaining awareness of oral health and RA is a key issue in the simultaneous management of proper oral care and RA due to the mutual influence of those two factors.
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Niemiec B, Gawor J, Nemec A, Clarke D, McLeod K, Tutt C, Gioso M, Steagall PV, Chandler M, Morgenegg G, Jouppi R. World Small Animal Veterinary Association Global Dental Guidelines. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:E36-E161. [PMID: 32715504 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental, oral, and maxillofacial diseases are some of the most common problems in small animal veterinary practice. These conditions create significant pain as well as localized and potentially systemic infection. As such, the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) believes that un- and under treated oral and dental diseases pose a significant animal welfare concern. Dentistry is an area of veterinary medicine which is still widely ignored and is subject to many myths and misconceptions. Effective teaching of veterinary dentistry in the veterinary school is the key to progression in this field of veterinary medicine, and to the improvement of welfare for all our patients globally. These guidelines were developed to provide veterinarians with the information required to understand best practices for dental therapy and create realistic minimum standards of care. Using the three-tiered continuing education system of WSAVA, the guidelines make global equipment and therapeutic recommendations and highlight the anaesthetic and welfare requirements for small animal patients. This document contains information on common oral and dental pathologies, diagnostic procedures (an easily implementable and repeatable scoring system for dental health, dental radiography and radiology) and treatments (periodontal therapy, extractions). Further, there are sections on anaesthesia and pain management for dental procedures, home dental care, nutritional information, and recommendations on the role of the universities in improving veterinary dentistry. A discussion of the deleterious effects of anaesthesia free dentistry (AFD) is included, as this procedure is ineffective at best and damaging at worst. Throughout the document the negative effects of undiagnosed and/or treated dental disease on the health and well-being of our patients, and how this equates to an animal welfare issue, is discussed.
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Sfondrini MF, Vallittu PK, Lassila LVJ, Viola A, Gandini P, Scribante A. Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Orthodontic Retainer: In Vitro Effect of Tooth Brushing on the Surface Wear and Mechanical Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E1028. [PMID: 32106404 PMCID: PMC7084318 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Fiber reinforced composites (FRCs) are metal free materials that have many applications in dentistry. In clinical orthodontics, they are used as retainers after active treatment in order to avoid relapse. However, although the modulus of the elasticity of FRCs is low, the rigidity of the material in the form of a relatively thick retainer with a surface cover of a flowable resin composite is known to have higher structural rigidity than stainless steel splints. The aim of the present study is to measure load and bending stress of stainless steel wires, as well as flowable resin composite covered and spot‑bonded FRC retainer materials after tooth brushing. These materials were tested with a three point bending test for three different conditions: no brushing, 26 min of brushing, and 60 min of brushing. SEM images were taken before and after different times of tooth brushing. Results showed that stainless steel was not significantly affected by tooth brushing. On the other hand, a significant reduction of values at maximum load at fracture was reported for both FRC groups, and uncovered FRCs were most affected. Concerning maximum bending stress, no significant reduction by pretreatment conditions was reported for the materials tested. SEM images showed no evident wear for stainless steel. Flowable resin composite covered FRCs showed some signs of composite wear, whereas spot‑bonded FRCs, i.e., without the surface cover of a flowable resin composite, showed signs of wear on the FRC and exposed glass fibers from the FRC's polymer matrix. Because of the significant changes of the reduction of maximum load values and the wear for spot‑bonded FRCs, this technique needs further in vitro and in vivo tests before it can be performed routinely in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francesca Sfondrini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.F.S.); (A.V.); (P.G.)
| | - Pekka Kalevi Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterial Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre (TCBC), Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20100 Turku, Finland; (P.K.V.); (L.V.J.L.)
| | - Lippo Veli Juhana Lassila
- Department of Biomaterial Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre (TCBC), Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20100 Turku, Finland; (P.K.V.); (L.V.J.L.)
| | - Annalisa Viola
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.F.S.); (A.V.); (P.G.)
| | - Paola Gandini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.F.S.); (A.V.); (P.G.)
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.F.S.); (A.V.); (P.G.)
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Ng C, Tsoi JKH, Lo ECM, Matinlinna JP. Safety and Design Aspects of Powered Toothbrush-A Narrative Review. Dent J (Basel) 2020; 8:dj8010015. [PMID: 32033270 PMCID: PMC7148448 DOI: 10.3390/dj8010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The powered toothbrush has become a modern dental tool that is available in the supermarket. Indeed, the design of the powered toothbrush, e.g., mechanical and electrical, would affect not only the efficacy but also the safety of the products. This narrative review attempted to view the powered toothbrush from design, safety, and application points with respect to tufts, filaments, handles, mechanics, motions, and materials interactions from various available sources. Different brands and models of powered toothbrushes have their own designs that might affect the clinical outcome. The rotational design was advocated to be clinically more effective than the manual one, some modern models might be designed with vibrational or oscillation (or mixed) tufts head that might be useful in patients with specific needs, such as having xerostomia or for the elderly. To conclude, tuft retention design is important in the powered toothbrush as it contributes significantly to safety as the fallen off tufts, filaments and metal parts might cause injury. Tests revealing the retention force of brush head plates and brush head bristles will be significant references for consumers to determine which design of powered toothbrushes is relatively safer.
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21
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Scribante A, Vallittu P, Lassila LVJ, Viola A, Tessera P, Gandini P, Sfondrini MF. Effect of Long-Term Brushing on Deflection, Maximum Load, and Wear of Stainless Steel Wires and Conventional and Spot Bonded Fiber-Reinforced Composites. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:6043. [PMID: 31801235 PMCID: PMC6929004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) retainers are an aesthetic alternative to conventional Stainless Steel splints. They are generally used with a full bonded technique, but some studies demonstrated that they could be managed with a spot bonding technique to significantly decrease their rigidity. In order to propose this FRC spot bonding technique for clinical use, the aim of this study was to evaluate mechanical properties and surface wear of fibers left uncovered. Tests were made by simulating tooth brushing, comparing FRC spot bonding technique splints with stainless steel and FRC traditional technique splints. Specimens were tested both at 0.1 mm of deflection and at maximum load, showing higher values of rigidity for the FRC full bonded technique. After tooth brushing, no significant reduction in values at 0.1 mm deflection was reported, while we found a similar reduction in these values for the Stainless Steel and FRC spot bonding technique at maximum load, and no significant variation for the FRC full bonded technique. SEM images after tooth brushing showed wear for FRC fibers left uncovered, while no relevant wear signs in metal and conventional FRC fibers were noticed. Results showed that FRC spot bonding technique has advantages in mechanical properties when compared to the FRC traditional full bonding technique, also after tooth brushing. However, the surface wear after tooth brushing in the FRC spot bonding technique is considerable and other tests must be performed before promoting this technique for routine clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.V.); (P.T.); (P.G.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Pekka Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterial Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre (TCBC), Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20100 Turku, Finland; (P.V.); (L.V.J.L.)
- Welfare Division, 20100 Turku, Finland
| | - Lippo V. J. Lassila
- Department of Biomaterial Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre (TCBC), Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20100 Turku, Finland; (P.V.); (L.V.J.L.)
| | - Annalisa Viola
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.V.); (P.T.); (P.G.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Paola Tessera
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.V.); (P.T.); (P.G.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Paola Gandini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.V.); (P.T.); (P.G.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Maria Francesca Sfondrini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.V.); (P.T.); (P.G.); (M.F.S.)
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Aziz SA, Kuan S, Jin E, Loch C, Thomson WM. Do as I say and not as I do? New Zealand dentists’ oral health practices and advice to patients. J R Soc N Z 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2019.1656649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Syahirah Abd Aziz
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Syazirah Kuan
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Emily Jin
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Carolina Loch
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - W. Murray Thomson
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
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Al-Kattan R, Al-Shibani N. Knowledge and Attitude Toward Electric Toothbrush Use Among Dental Professionals in Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ORAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/2320206819845789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Proper knowledge and awareness regarding electric toothbrushes may decrease the incidence of caries and indirectly reduce the burden of oral disease on the developing economy by preventing plaque-related disease on a population level. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude toward electric toothbrush use among dentist in Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 417 dentists in Saudi Arabia. For this study, an interview-type questionnaire comprising 14 questions was designed. These questions were asked from different dentists randomly through a telephonic survey. The first part of the questionnaire was related to the basic demographic details of the dentists, that is, gender, age, type of practice, dental education, specialty, and experience, whereas the second part of the questionnaire was designed to extract the experience, attitude, and opinion of the dentists regarding electric toothbrushes. The data were compiled and analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions, version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics were employed to calculate means and percentages for demographic data. Results: Among the dental participants, 171 (41.0%) were general practitioners, 163 (39.0%) were specialist, 23 (5.6%) were postgraduate students, and 60 (14.4%) were graduate dentists. A total of 271 (65%) respondents believed better patient compliance to be the main benefit of the electric toothbrush, whereas 325 (77.9%) respondents believed that poor patient compliance was the reason for patient’s poor plaque control. Similarly, 319 (76.5%) dentists endorsed patients with manual dexterity issues. Those dentists primarily recommended electric toothbrushes to patients with medical problems. Conclusions: Knowledge of dentists in Saudi Arabia is adequate regarding electric toothbrushes; efforts should be made to improve knowledge and awareness on the use of powered toothbrushes at the patients’ level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Al-Kattan
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Al-Shibani
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Geisinger ML, Ogdon D, Kaur M, Valiquette G, Geurs NC, Reddy MS. Toss the Floss? Evidence-Based Oral Hygiene Recommendations for the Periodontal Patient in the Age of "Flossgate". Clin Adv Periodontics 2018; 9:83-90. [PMID: 31498572 DOI: 10.1002/cap.10048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
FOCUSED CLINICAL QUESTION What are the key considerations for effective delivery of oral hygiene home care to best manage or prevent periodontal diseases? BACKGROUND Plaque control is critical for the management of periodontal diseases, but not all patients demonstrate the same risk for disease progression and challenges differ based upon clinical findings. This report seeks to present evidence-based oral hygiene recommendations for a variety of common periodontal diseases. SUMMARY Accurate diagnosis, risk assessment, and individualized delivery of oral hygiene instruction is necessary to ensure that patients can provide adequate home care to promote health and maintain the benefits of periodontal therapy. CONCLUSIONS Oral hygiene techniques and recommendations should vary based upon patients' clinical presentation and risk assessment. Utilization of evidence-based strategies to deliver personalized care will allow for optimal wellness for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Geisinger
- Department of Periodontology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Dorothy Ogdon
- Lister Hill Library, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Department of Periodontology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Nicolaas C Geurs
- Department of Periodontology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Michael S Reddy
- University of California, School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA
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Sparabombe S, Roncati M, Monterubbianesi R, Catellani A, Manzoli L, Bambini F, Procaccini M, Putignano A, Orsini G. Assessment of antiplaque effectiveness of chlorhexidine-soaked gauze compared to chlorhexidine mouth rinse: Randomized clinical trial. JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE AND CLINICAL DENTISTRY 2018; 9:e12328. [PMID: 29453785 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of a disposable gauze soaked with chlorhexidine and rolled up on the finger vs chlorhexidine mouth rinse (CM) to maintain oral hygiene. METHODS In this single-blind, randomized trial, both groups were instructed to brush their teeth and use the 0.12% chlorhexidine intervention twice per day (experimental group: toothbrushing + chlorhexidine-soaked gauze; control group: toothbrushing + mouth rinse). The main outcome was the change in full mouth plaque index scores from baseline to 2 weeks. Secondary outcomes were the patient's appreciation (visual analog scale) and the bleeding index. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 60 young patients: 31 in the experimental group and 29 in the control group. After 2 weeks, both interventions were effective in reducing plaque index. The percentage of score reduction was 33% in the experimental group and 30% for the controls, with no significant difference between groups. Both interventions reduced the bleeding index, but this reduction was significant only in the experimental group (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS There is no difference between chlorhexidine-soaked gauze and CM regarding plaque control. In addition, gauze soaked with chlorhexidine was significantly more effective in reducing the bleeding index score and was appreciated by the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scilla Sparabombe
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marisa Roncati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Monterubbianesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alberto Catellani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lamberto Manzoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bambini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Procaccini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelo Putignano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Walsh LJ. Minimal intervention management of the older patient. Br Dent J 2017; 223:151-161. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Govindaraju L, Gurunathan D. Effectiveness of Chewable Tooth Brush in Children-A Prospective Clinical Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC31-ZC34. [PMID: 28511505 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/24238.9528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental plaque is one of the aetiological factors in causation of dental caries. Effective removal of plaque can reduce the incidence of caries. Various agents for removing plaque has been introduced, of which, chewable brush is a recent advance. There is limited evidence assessing the effectiveness of using chewable brush in children. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of chewable brush in relation to efficiency in plaque removal and reduction in S.mutans counts in saliva. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten children of six-nine years with their first molars erupted were included in the study and the children were supervised for their normal brushing for 7 days. The baseline Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), Plaque Index (PI) and Decay, Missing Filled Tooth Index (DMFT-I) were noted and the saliva sample was collected from the children. The sample was sent for microbiological examination of S.mutans count and the pH of the saliva was also determined. The children were advised to brush their teeth twice daily for seven days using chewable brush. On the seventh day, the indices were noted again and the saliva sample was collected and sent for microbiological examination. Statistical analysis was done using paired t-test to compare the pre and post-brushing index scores, S. mutans count and salivary pH. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in the debris index (p<0.001), oral hygiene index (p<0.000), plaque index (p<0.001), pH of the saliva (p<0.037) and S. mutans level (p<0.006) before and after brushing with chewable brush. However, the calculus index remained unchanged (p=0.168). CONCLUSION Chewable brush can be used as an effective alternative to manual brushing in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Govindaraju
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepa Gurunathan
- Reader, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Lavigne SE, Doupe MB, Iacopino AM, Mahmud S, Elliott L. The effects of power toothbrushing on periodontal inflammation in a Canadian nursing home population: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2017; 15:328-334. [PMID: 28105737 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether twice-daily use of a rotating-oscillating power toothbrush (Oral-B Professional Care 1000™ ) in nursing home (NH) residents over a 6-week period, compared to usual care (UC), would reduce periodontal inflammation. METHODS In this repeated measures single-blinded randomized controlled trial, 59 residents of one NH in Winnipeg, Canada, were randomized to receive either twice-daily tooth brushing with a rotating-oscillating power toothbrush (PB) or UC by caregivers. Consent was obtained from residents or their proxies. Participants had some natural teeth, periodontal inflammation, non-aggressive behaviour, no communicable diseases, were non-smokers and non-comatose. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 6 weeks, which included: inflammation (MGI, Lobene), bleeding (PBI, Loesche) and Plaque (Turesky). Comparisons of group changes in outcomes were analysed using an ANOVA with a repeated measure. RESULTS Of 59 original study participants, one withdrew, one died prior to study commencement and three died before study completion. All oral parameters improved significantly for the remaining 54 residents over time (P<.0001), with no differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that it is possible for caregivers to improve periodontal inflammation of residents over a 6-week period. Despite no significant group differences, periodontal inflammation of all study participants improved significantly, particularly in the reduction of bleeding, a direct measure of periodontal inflammation, which is a unique finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Lavigne
- School of Dental Hygiene, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - M B Doupe
- College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | - A M Iacopino
- College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | - S Mahmud
- College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | - L Elliott
- College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, MB, Canada
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Wikström M, Kareem KL, Almståhl A, Palmgren E, Lingström P, Wårdh I. Effect of 12-month weekly professional oral hygiene care on the composition of the oral flora in dentate, dependent elderly residents: A prospective study. Gerodontology 2016; 34:240-248. [PMID: 27990688 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of weekly professional oral hygiene care on the proportion of micro-organisms associated with good oral health, caries, and periodontal and soft tissue diseases in oral biofilms in dentate, dependent elderly residents. BACKGROUND Assisted oral hygiene care reduces the plaque score and number of micro-organisms in the oral biofilms in elderly residents. Less is known about the effect on the quality/composition of the remaining oral flora. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants comprised 33 residents in the study and 35 in the control group. Dental status (≥10 natural teeth and no removable dentures to be included), plaque score, salivary secretion rate and prescription medicines were recorded. Duplicate samples, collected from supragingival plaque and tongue, were analysed using cultivation technique. Differences between and within groups were analysed using one-way and two-way ANOVA, respectively. RESULTS At the baseline, the number of teeth in the participants (mean age, 83.7 ± 7.4 years) was 22.0 ± 4.5. The number of prescription medicines was 9.4 ± 4.5. Seventy-six per cent had low salivary secretion rate. Fifty per cent had "visible thick" supragingival plaque. At the 12-month registration, "no visible" or "visible but thin" plaque was recorded in 92% in the study group. The proportions of bacteria associated with good oral health and periodontal diseases were decreased over time, while the frequency and proportions of micro-organisms associated with caries and soft tissue infection were unaffected or increased. CONCLUSION The results indicate that assisted oral hygiene care alone is not sufficient to regain an oral microbial flora associated with good oral health in dentate, dependent elderly residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Wikström
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dental Medicine and Academic Centre of Gerodontics, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kawa L Kareem
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Annica Almståhl
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erika Palmgren
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Lingström
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Inger Wårdh
- Department of Dental Medicine and Academic Centre of Gerodontics, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
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Sälzer S, Graetz C, Plaumann A, Heinevetter N, Grender J, Klukowska M, Schneider CA, Springer C, Van der Weijden FA, Dörfer CE. Effect of a Multidirectional Power Toothbrush and a Manual Toothbrush in Individuals Susceptible to Gingival Recession: A 12-Month Randomized Controlled Clinical Study. J Periodontol 2016; 87:548-56. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
In the next few years there will be a great increase in the percentage of the population aged over 65. Not only will they have more teeth than previous generations, but also a large number of implants. The increase in age is accompanied by an increase in the prevalence and incidence of periodontal diseases. In addition, there is a decrease in manual dexterity and an increase in co-morbidity and medications affecting the oral cavity. Dental care in aged care facilities can be poor and access to dental professionals difficult. This article discusses these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Darby
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Takeuchi-Hatanaka K, Yasuda T, Naruishi K, Katsuragi-Fuke K, Inubushi J, Ootsuki H, Maeda H, Takashiba S. Effects of new over-the-counter periodontal ointment-containing applicator with single-tuft brush on cytokine levels in gingival crevicular fluid during supportive periodontal therapy phase: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. J Periodontal Res 2015; 51:321-31. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Takeuchi-Hatanaka
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science; Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine; Okayama Japan
| | - T. Yasuda
- R&D Department of Sunstar Inc.; Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - K. Naruishi
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science; Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine; Okayama Japan
| | - K. Katsuragi-Fuke
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science; Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine; Okayama Japan
- Department of Dentistry; National Sanatorium Oshima-Seishoen; Takamatsu Kagawa Japan
| | - J. Inubushi
- R&D Department of Sunstar Inc.; Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - H. Ootsuki
- R&D Department of Sunstar Inc.; Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - H. Maeda
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science; Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine; Okayama Japan
| | - S. Takashiba
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science; Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine; Okayama Japan
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Azaripour A, Weusmann J, Mahmoodi B, Peppas D, Gerhold-Ay A, Van Noorden CJF, Willershausen B. Braces versus Invisalign®: gingival parameters and patients' satisfaction during treatment: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:69. [PMID: 26104387 PMCID: PMC4478712 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fixed orthodontic appliances (FOA) temporarily interfere with periodontal health of patients, as the appliance complicates oral hygiene. The use of aligners in orthodontic therapy increased strongly during the last decade. In the literature, the reports about effects of aligner treatment on oral hygiene and gingival conditions are scarce. This cross-sectional study evaluated oral hygiene and patient’s satisfaction during orthodontic treatment of patients with FOA or Invisalign®. Methods 100 patients (FOA = 50, Invisalign® = 50) were included who underwent orthodontic treatment for more than 6 months. Clinical examinations were performed to evaluate patients’ periodontal condition and were compared with clinical data at the beginning of the orthodontic treatment. Oral hygiene, patients’ satisfaction and dietary habits were documented by a detailed questionnaire. For statistical analysis, the Mann–Whitney U-Test and Fisher’s Exact Test were used; as multiple testing was applied, a Bonferroni correction was performed. Results At the time of clinical examinations, patients with FOA were in orthodontic therapy for 12.9 ± 7.2 months, whereas patients with Invisalign® were in orthodontic therapy for 12.6 ± 7.4 months. Significantly better gingival health conditions were recorded in Invisalign® patients (GI: 0.54 ± 0.50 for FOA versus 0.35 ± 0.34 for Invisalign®; SBI: 15.2 ± 7.6 for FOA versus 7.6 ± 4.1 for Invisalign®), whereas the amount of dental plaque was also less but not significantly different (API: 37.7 % ± 21.9 for FOA versus 27.8 % ± 24.6 for Invisalign®). The evaluation of the questionnaire showed greater patients’ satisfaction in patients treated with Invisalign® than with FOA. Conclusion Patients treated with Invisalign® have a better periodontal health and greater satisfaction during orthodontic treatment than patients treated with FOA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12903-015-0060-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Azaripour
- Department of Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, Mainz, 55131, Germany. .,Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - J Weusmann
- Department of Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, Mainz, 55131, Germany.
| | - B Mahmoodi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, Mainz, 55131, Germany.
| | - D Peppas
- Private practice, Mainz, Germany.
| | - A Gerhold-Ay
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - C J F Van Noorden
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - B Willershausen
- Department of Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, Mainz, 55131, Germany.
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Rosema NAM, Slot DE, van Palenstein Helderman WH, Wiggelinkhuizen L, Van der Weijden GA. The efficacy of powered toothbrushes following a brushing exercise: a systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg 2014; 14:29-41. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- NAM Rosema
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - DE Slot
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - L Wiggelinkhuizen
- School of Dental Hygiene; Hogeschool Utrecht; University of Applied Sciences; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - GA Van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Niederman R. Moderate quality evidence finds statistical benefit in oral health for powered over manual toothbrushes. Evid Based Dent 2014; 15:77-78. [PMID: 25343391 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ebd.6401041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
DATA SOURCES The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline, Embase, CINAHL, National Institutes of Health Trials Register and the WHO Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials. Reference lists of identified articles were also scanned for relevant papers. Identified manufacturers were contacted for additional information. STUDY SELECTION Only randomised controlled trials comparing manual and powered toothbrushes were considered. Crossover trials were eligible for inclusion if the wash-out period length was more than two weeks. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Study assessment and data extraction were carried out independently by at least two reviewers. The primary outcome measures were quantified levels of plaque or gingivitis. Risk of bias assessment was undertaken. Standard Cochrane methodological approaches were taken. Random-effects models were used provided there were four or more studies included in the meta-analysis, otherwise fixed-effect models were used. Data were classed as short term (one to three months) and long term (greater than three months). RESULTS Fifty-six trials were included with 51 (4624 patients) providing data for meta-analysis. The majority (46) were at unclear risk of bias, five at high risk of bias and five at low risk. There was moderate quality evidence that powered toothbrushes provide a statistically significant benefit compared with manual toothbrushes with regard to the reduction of plaque in both the short and long-term. This corresponds to an 11% reduction in plaque for the Quigley Hein index (Turesky) in the short term and a 21% reduction in the long term. There was a high degree of heterogeneity that was not explained by the different powered toothbrush type subgroups.There was also moderate quality evidence that powered toothbrushes again provide a statistically significant reduction in gingivitis when compared with manual toothbrushes both in the short and long term. This corresponds to a 6% and 11% reduction in gingivitis for the Löe and Silness indices respectively. Again there was a high degree of heterogeneity that was not explained by the different powered toothbrush type subgroups. The greatest body of evidence was for rotation oscillation brushes which demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in plaque and gingivitis at both time points. CONCLUSIONS Powered toothbrushes reduce plaque and gingivitis more than manual toothbrushing in the short and long term. The clinical importance of these findings remains unclear. Observation of methodological guidelines and greater standardisation of design would benefit both future trials and meta-analyses. Cost, reliability and side effects were inconsistently reported. Any reported side effects were localised and only temporary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Niederman
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Director, Center for Evidence-Based Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, USA
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36
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Vano M, Gennai S, Karapetsa D, Miceli M, Giuca MR, Gabriele M, Graziani F. The influence of educational level and oral hygiene behaviours on DMFT index and CPITN index in an adult Italian population: an epidemiological study. Int J Dent Hyg 2014; 13:151-7. [PMID: 25040938 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the influence of educational level and oral hygiene behaviours on the prevalence and severity of dental caries and periodontal disease in an adult Italian population attending the Oral Hygiene department of a public Dental Clinic. METHODS Dental caries was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization criteria. The DMFT index (decayed, missing, filled tooth) was used to record the dental caries' experience. The periodontal status was assessed using the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN). Questionnaires on educational level and oral hygiene behaviours were also collected. RESULTS A total of 350 patients were enrolled. The mean DMFT value reported was 4.37 ± 3.06, and higher values were observed for male patients (P < 0.05). Increased CPITN scores and DMFT values were significantly correlated with lower level of education (P < 0.05). Subjects of high educational status showed significantly better oral hygiene habits (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The oral health status, in terms of periodontal disease and dental caries, appears correlated with patients' educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vano
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medicine, Molecular and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Nightingale KJ, Chinta SK, Agarwal P, Nemelivsky M, Frisina AC, Cao Z, Norman RG, Fisch GS, Corby P. Toothbrush efficacy for plaque removal. Int J Dent Hyg 2014; 12:251-6. [PMID: 24738786 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness of a novel sonic toothbrush in reducing plaque and in maintenance of gingival health when compared to a standard manual brush. METHODS This study was a block-randomized, examiner-blind, two-treatment, parallel group, single centre clinical investigation. A total of 84 subjects were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either the Panasonic EW-DL90 or an American Dental Association-endorsed manual toothbrush. Subjects were instructed to follow a twice-daily brushing regimen without flossing. Plaque levels and gingival health were assessed at baseline and after 1 and 3 weeks of treatment using the Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index and the Papillary Bleeding Score. RESULTS Subjects assigned to the EW-DL90 group had significantly lower plaque levels after 1 and 3 weeks of treatment than those in the manual group (P = 0.003 and 0.0035, respectively). Both groups showed a reduction in plaque levels at Week 3 relative to baseline. The EW-DL90 group had significantly lower gingival inflammation scores after 1 week of treatment (P = 0.0293), but there was no difference between groups after 3 weeks of treatment. CONCLUSION The EW-DL90 toothbrush safely and effectively removes more plaque than a standard manual toothbrush. Improvement in gingival inflammation was observed after 1 week of treatment. There was no difference in Papillary Bleeding Score between the two groups after 3 weeks of treatment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The newly developed sonic brush (Panasonic EW-DL90) tested in this study was found to be more effective than a manual toothbrush at plaque removal. The papillary bleeding scores were significantly lower in the sonic brush group after 1 week of product use. After 3 weeks of product use, both treatment groups had similar papillary bleeding scores almost returning to baseline values.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Nightingale
- NYU Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
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Roncati M, Polizzi E, Cingano L, Gherlone E, Lucchese A. Un ausilio all'igiene orale in pazienti diversamente abili. DENTAL CADMOS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0011-8524(13)70076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Jordan RA, Hong HM, Lucaciu A, Zimmer S. Efficacy of straight versus angled interdental brushes on interproximal tooth cleaning: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2013; 12:152-7. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- RA Jordan
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Health; School of Dental Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University; Witten Germany
| | - HM Hong
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Health; School of Dental Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University; Witten Germany
| | | | - S Zimmer
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Health; School of Dental Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University; Witten Germany
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Jain Y. A comparison of the efficacy of powered and manual toothbrushes in controlling plaque and gingivitis: a clinical study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2013; 5:3-9. [PMID: 23674927 PMCID: PMC3652371 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s40656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plaque is intimately related to the production and progress of dental caries and inflammatory gingival and periodontal diseases. Good plaque control facilitates the return to health for patients with gingival and periodontal diseases. Daily use of a toothbrush and other oral hygiene aids is the most dependable way to achieve oral health benefits for all patients. METHODS A randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare the efficacy of a powered toothbrush with a manual toothbrush in controlling plaque and gingivitis over a 6-week period. The sample consisted of 60 dental students of both sexes, with ages ranging from 18 to 28 years. The samples were stratified and randomly divided into two groups of 30 by a second examiner using the coin toss method; one group used a manual toothbrush and the other group used a powered toothbrush. Each participant's gingival index, plaque index and oral hygiene index were assessed on the seventh, 14th, and 45th days on the basis of the assigned toothbrush. Collected data were analyzed and different subgroups were compared using Student's t-test. RESULTS A paired t-test revealed a highly significant reduction in the gingival, plaque, and oral hygiene index scores of the manual and powered groups at the first, second, and sixth weeks (P-value < 0.0001). An unpaired t-test revealed a significant reduction between the plaque index scores of the manual and powered groups at the second week (P-value < 0.05). Another unpaired t-test revealed a highly significant reduction between the plaque index scores of the manual and powered groups at the sixth week (P-value < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The subject group using the powered toothbrush demonstrated clinical and statistical improvement in overall plaque scores. Powered toothbrushes offer an individual the ability to brush the teeth in a way that is optimal in terms of removing plaque and improving gingival health, conferring good brushing technique on all who use them, irrespective of manual dexterity or training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashika Jain
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon (Haryana), India
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Pisano G, Calò PG, Piras S, Sanna S, Manca A, Tatti A, Nicolosi A. Laparoscopic lymph node biopsy in the diagnosis of lymphoma. Indications and results. Angle Orthod 2013; 83:1093-101. [PMID: 23082720 DOI: 10.2319/012413-76.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exclusive abdominal nodal involvement due to Hodgkin or non Hodgkin lymphoma (HL,NHL) is a rare condition, but its occurrence requires a good enough specimen for diagnosis and therapy. Aim of this work is to evaluate the results of laparoscopic lymph node biopsy (LLNB) in a series of patients where a primitive or relapsing lymphoma was suspected. METHODS This study has been carried on the patients submitted to LLNB from 2007 to 2011. Cases records were retrospectively reviewed for age, sex, diagnostic work up, previous biopsy, conversion to laparotomy, pathologic diagnosis and perioperative complications. RESULTS Eleven cases were evaluated including 4 males and 7 females; mean age was 56.5 years. All patients underwent Ultrasound (US) and CT scan. A previous US or CT guided biopsy was performed in 5 cases, but in all of them failed to obtain a diagnosis. LLNB was successfully performed in 8 cases and required a conversion in three. Causes of conversion were obesity in one case and previous surgery in two. Results of pathology were NHL 5 cases, HL 2, follicular hyperplasia 2, sarcoidosis and tuberculosis 1 case respectively. No mortality nor morbidity occurred. Mean hospital stay was of 2.7 days. CONCLUSION LLNB proved to be a safe procedure with no perioperative complications. Laparoscopy however should not be undertaken if superficial lymphadenopathy is present. A thorough CT evaluation of abdominal nodal involvement by the surgical team is mandatory prior to laparoscopy in order to plan the surgical approach and the route to reach the node.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pisano
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia e Scienze Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi, Cagliari.
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Vibhute A, Vandana KL. The effectiveness of manual versus powered toothbrushes for plaque removal and gingival health: A meta-analysis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2012; 16:156-60. [PMID: 23055578 PMCID: PMC3459492 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.99255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review and associated meta-analysis was to compare manual and powered brushes in relation to the removal of plaque and gingival health. Stain removal, adverse effects and microbiological evaluation cost were also considered. MATERIALS AND METHODS To be included in the review, a trial had to be a randomized-controlled trial (RCT) comparing manual and powered brushes. Trials confined to comparing different types of powered or different types of manual brushes were excluded. Split mouth designs were eligible. Trials with subjects of specific age group (18-25 years) were included. The primary outcomes were plaque and gingival health with data defined as short-term (0-28 days) duration were analyzed. Powered brushes were categorized into three groups depending on mode of action. Numerical data extracted were checked by a fourth reviewer for accuracy. RESULTS Three trials with full articles were identified. These include trials published between 2002 and 2005. The trials involved 56 subjects at baseline, without loss of subject for follow up. Powered brushes reduced plaque and gingivitis at least as effectively as manual brushing. Ionic brushes statistically significantly reduced plaque and gingivitis. CONCLUSION In general there was no evidence of a statistically significant difference between powered and manual brushes. However, ionic brushes significantly reduce plaque and gingivitis in both the short-term evaluations. The clinical significance of this reduction is not known. Observation of methodological guidelines and greater standardization of design would benefit both future trials and meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Vibhute
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - K. L. Vandana
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Kobayashi Y, Niu K, Guan L, Momma H, Guo H, Cui Y, Nagatomi R. Oral health behavior and metabolic syndrome and its components in adults. J Dent Res 2012; 91:479-84. [PMID: 22378694 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512440707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has been strongly related to metabolic syndrome (MetS). Periodontal disease is the most common chronic infection in adults. We investigated a cross-sectional (n = 925) and 3-year longitudinal (n = 685) relationship between the daily frequency of toothbrushing and MetS. In the cross-sectional analysis, the prevalence of MetS was 15.7%. After adjustment for potential confounding factors (including all lifestyle factors), the odds ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) of having MetS in those who brushed 2 times/day and ≥ 3 times/day were 0.71 (0.48-1.05) and 0.47 (0.24-0.92), respectively, as compared with ratios in those with a toothbrushing frequency of ≤ 1 time/day. Increasing toothbrushing frequency tended to relate inversely to hypertriglyceridemia and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. In the longitudinal analysis, 99 participants were newly diagnosed with MetS. The adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of the MetS in participants who brushed 2 times/day and ≥ 3 times/day as compared with participants who brushed ≤ 1 time/day were 0.80 (0.49-1.31) and 0.43 (0.19-0.97), respectively. The frequency of toothbrushing was related inversely only to hypertriglyceridemia, consistent with the cross-sectional analysis. This study found that more frequent toothbrushing is related to a lower prevalence and incidence of MetS. These results suggest that more frequent toothbrushing may contribute to the prevention of MetS due to the inflammation/triglyceride pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kobayashi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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There is no difference with regard to hard and/or soft tissue safety between oscillating-rotating powered brushes and manual toothbrushes. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2011; 11:168-70. [PMID: 22078822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Safety of oscillating-rotating powered brushes compared to manual toothbrushes: a systematic review. Van der Weijden FA, Campbell SL, Dörfer CE, González-Cabezas C, Slot DE. J Periodontol 2011;82(1):5-24. REVIEWERS Nada J. Farsi, BDS, MSc, Belinda Nicolau, DDS, PhD. PURPOSE/QUESTION To compare the soft and/or hard tissue safety between manual and oscillating-rotating brushes through a systematic review of the pertinent literature. SOURCE OF FUNDING Industry (Procter & Gamble). TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN Systematic review LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 1: Good-quality, patient-oriented evidence. STRENGTH OF RECOMMENDATION GRADE Grade A: Consistent, good-quality patient-oriented evidence.
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Parizi MT, Mohammadi TM, Afshar SK, Hajizamani A, Tayebi M. Efficacy of an electric toothbrush on plaque control compared to two manual toothbrushes. Int Dent J 2011; 61:131-5. [PMID: 21692783 DOI: 10.1111/j.1875-595x.2011.00029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare an electric toothbrush with two manual toothbrushes, in their relative efficacy to control plaque. DESIGN Randomised clinical trial. SETTING Kerman Dental School, Iran. PARTICIPANTS Forty-five volunteer dental students were randomly assigned to one of three groups. All subjects received a baseline plaque assessment using O'Leary plaque index, and then a prophylaxis to achieve the plaque index of zero. Subjects were trained to brush twice daily, with their assigned device and return after 1week and then after 2weeks for plaque assessment. Chi-squared and ANOVA were mainly used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Plaque assessment using O'Leary plaque index. RESULTS Although Jordan toothbrush consistently resulted in lower plaque indices compared to both manual toothbrushes, those differences were not statistically significant, F(2, 42)=2.45, P=0.10. Plaque reduction from week 1 to week 2 was significant in Jordan Power group (60%, from 13.46 to 5.44, P=0.010) and Panbehriz Classic group (53%, from 20.92 to 9.91, P=0.007). CONCLUSION The results of this study shows no evidence of statistically significant difference in respect to plaque control, between Jordan Power electric toothbrush and either of Oral-B Advantage or Panbehriz Classic manual brushes in a group of dental students after 2weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molook Torabi Parizi
- Oral Pathology Department, Member of Kerman Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman, Iran
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Deacon SA, Glenny AM, Deery C, Robinson PG, Heanue M, Walmsley AD, Shaw WC. Different powered toothbrushes for plaque control and gingival health. Aust Dent J 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2011.01329.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Van Der Weijden F, Slot DE. Oral hygiene in the prevention of periodontal diseases: the evidence. Periodontol 2000 2010; 55:104-23. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2009.00337.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ganss C, Schlueter N, Preiss S, Klimek J. Tooth brushing habits in uninstructed adults--frequency, technique, duration and force. Clin Oral Investig 2008; 13:203-8. [PMID: 18853203 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-008-0230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Professional recommendations for individual oral hygiene mostly include tooth brushing at least twice daily for 2-3 min with gentle force using the Bass technique or modifications of it. This study evaluated whether habitual tooth brushing actually meets these standards. Uninstructed adults (n = 103; mean age 31 +/- 6 years; 61 female, 42 male) with habitual manual tooth brushing were given a self-administered questionnaire about the frequency of brushing and a computer system recorded their brushing technique, duration and force. The majority (79.6%) of participants brushed twice daily. The mean brushing duration was 96.6 +/- 36.0 s, the mean brushing force was 2.3 +/- 0.7 N (max. 4.1 N), and no significant differences were found for quadrants. Most subjects (73.8%) brushed with circling, 8.7% with horizontal/scrubbing, 13.6% with horizontal/circling and 3.9% with vertical/sweeping movements. Modified Bass technique was not observed. When appropriate brushing habits were defined as brushing at least twice daily for 120 s with a brushing force of less than 3 N and with circling or vertical sweeping movements, only 25.2% of the participants fulfilled all criteria, emphasising the ongoing need for oral hygiene education.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ganss
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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Nogués L, Martinez-Gomis J, Molina C, Peraire M, Salsench J, Sevilla P, Gil FJ. Dental casting alloys behaviour during power toothbrushing with toothpastes with various abrasivities. Part I: wear behavior. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:3041-3048. [PMID: 18389345 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3433-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2007] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term effect of abrasivity of toothpastes normally used over the surface and mechanical properties of dental casting alloys. Three dental casting alloys (Ni-Cr, Co-Cr, c.p. Ti) and one ceramic were chosen. Four specimens of each material were immersed in artificial saliva, brushed without or with one of four toothpastes of different Relative Dentine Abrasivity (RDA 50, 52, 80, and 114). An electric toothbrush with a load of 250 g was used for 420 min. Mass loss was determined by difference in weight, microhardness and surface roughness were also measured. Two-way ANOVA and non-parametric tests were used to detect significant differences. Titanium specimens (478 microg/cm(2)) exhibited the most mass loss, whereas ceramic (282 microg/cm(2)) and Co-Cr (262 microg/cm(2)) exhibited the least. However, ceramic demonstrated the most volume loss (0.239 mm(3)). The abrasivity effect of the toothpaste correlated with the RDA values. Slight variations in microhardness were observed after toothbrushing and depended on the material but not on the toothpaste used. Material surfaces were slightly smoothed by toothbrushing but no significant differences were detected. Dental casting alloys and ceramic are susceptible to abrasion by brushing with an electric toothbrush depending on the RDA value of the toothpaste. Variations in microhardness and surface roughness were not clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ll Nogués
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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