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Hazar A, Akgül S, Hazar E. Effect of chlorhexidine and benzalkonium chloride on the long-term push-out bond strength of fiber posts. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:1242-1248. [PMID: 37794535 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_434_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aim Fiber posts are widely used in endodontically treated teeth with extensive loss of coronal structure. The purpose of this study was to investigate immediate and the long-term effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) application, on the push-out bond strength of fiber posts. Material and Methods Sixty mandibular premolars were decoronated, and root canal treatment was performed. After post space preparation, the specimens were divided into three groups according to the post space-surface pretreatment (n = 20); no surface treatment (control group-Group 1), 2% CHX application (Group 2), and 1% BAC application (Group 3). A self-curing adhesive cement and an etch and rinse adhesive were used for the cementation of posts. Three sections (one cervical, one middle, and one apical) of 1 mm thickness were prepared from each specimen. A push-out test was performed immediately on the half of the specimen sections (n = 10). The other half of the specimen sections were subjected to 20.000 thermal cycles before applying the push-out test (n = 10). The failure mode of each specimen was observed under a stereomicroscope at ×40 magnification. Results The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey Honestly significant difference (HSD), and Tamhane tests (P = 0.05). The cervical thirds displayed the highest, and the apical thirds showed the lowest values in all groups (P < 0.05), except the control-aged group (P = 0.554). The aged control groups' values were found to be significantly lower than the aged CHX and BAC groups (P < 0.001). Aging significantly reduced the bond strength values of specimens in control groups (P < 0.001). However, aging did not significantly affect the push-out bond strength values of CHX and BAC groups (P > 0.050). The failure types were adhesive between the post and cement (type 1) in all groups, except control-aged group (type 2). Conclusion The application of 2% chlorhexidine or 1% BAC may be an essential step that can be taken to preserve the bond strength of fiber posts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hazar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Akgül
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - E Hazar
- Department of Endodontics, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Alessi RS, Jitumori RT, Bittencourt BF, Gomes GM, Gomes JC. Effect of irrigation protocols on smear layer removal, bond strength and nanoleakage of fiber posts using a self-adhesive resin cement. Restor Dent Endod 2023; 48:e28. [PMID: 37675450 PMCID: PMC10477426 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2023.48.e28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of the application method of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and its influence on the adhesion of fiberglass posts cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement. Materials and Methods Sixty human mandibular premolars were endodontically treated and divided into 5 groups (n = 12), according to the canal irrigant and its application method: 2 groups with conventional syringe irrigation (CSI)-2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (control) and 2% CHX- and 3 groups with 2% CHX irrigation/activation-by passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), Easy Clean file, and XP-Endo Finisher file. Two roots per group were evaluated for smear layer (SL) removal by scanning electron microscopy. For other roots, fiber posts were luted using a self-adhesive resin cement. The roots were sectioned into 6 slices for push-out bond strength (BS) (7/group) and nanoleakage (NL) (3/group). Data from SL removal were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls tests (α = 0.05). Data from BS and NL were evaluated by 2-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results For SL removal and BS, the CHX irrigation/activation promoted better values than CSI with CHX (p < 0.05), but it was not significantly different from CSI with NaOCl (p > 0.05). For NL, the lowest values were obtained by the chlorhexidine irrigation/activation groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions Active 2% CHX irrigation can be used to improve the post space cleaning and adhesion before fiber post cementation with self-adhesive resin cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Stadler Alessi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Renata Terumi Jitumori
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fortes Bittencourt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Giovana Mongruel Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Effect of commonly used lavage solutions on the polymerization of bone cement. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2022; 108:103243. [PMID: 35158106 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2022.103243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about the impact irrigation solutions have on the material properties of cement used in hip and knee arthroplasty. We sought to compare the effect of three commonly used lavage solutions on cement polymerization. METHODS Ten groups were used for cure and mechanical testing: two cement controls, and eight cement groups mixed with test solutions. Test solutions included a commercially available benzalkonium chloride/citric acid solution (BCS), chlorhexidine gluconate (0.05%) (CHG), povidone-iodine 0.35%, and normal saline added at cement mixing onset. Cement dough-time, set-time, and compression testing were performed following The American Society for Testing and Materials guidelines. RESULTS Povidone-iodine had shorter dough-time (1min 34sec, sd 1min 5sec) versus controls (1min 56sec, sd 1min 35sec), p=0.0419. Cement exposed to all lavage samples had significantly reduced set-time. Compressive strength was reduced for all surgical lavages (p<0.001). Pairwise testing revealed that all lavage treatments reduced offset strength versus controls (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Bone cement exposed to lavage solutions during the cement mixing-phase showed accelerated set-times and decreased compressive strength. If bone is not dry, and cement has not finished mixing at the time of application, cement curing time may be shortened. Additionally, bone cement should reach dough phase prior to pre-closure surgical lavage. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III; case control study.
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Rosa E Silva VL, Silva FASD, Alves Dos Santos GN, Assis HCD, Souza-Gabriel AE, Silva-Sousa YTC, Lopes-Olhê FC, Sousa-Neto MD, Mazzi-Chaves JF. The impact of provisional intraradicular retainers cementation with temporary methacrylate-based resin in the bond strength of glass fiber posts to root dentin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 135:105486. [PMID: 36182677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemical composition of temporary cements interferes in the bond strength and quality of the bond interface of glass fiber posts to root dentin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of different temporary cements on the bond strength of fiberglass posts and resin cement. Thirty-two maxillary central incisor roots were standardized at 15 mm length. The root canals were prepared with Reciproc R50 and filled with a R50 single cone and AH Plus. Ten mm of filling material was removed with a heated Schilder condenser, leaving 5 mm of apical filling material. The roots were randomly distributed into 4 groups (n = 8). In the control group, the root canal was prepared with a standard drill according to the post diameter (DC #1, FGM, Joinville, Brazil), irrigated with 5 mL of distilled water and immediately received the fiberglass post cemented with self-adhesive resin cement. For the other groups, cores were made with temporary intraradicular retainers cemented with different temporary cements: methacrylate-based resin (Bifix Temp - Voco), calcium hydroxide-based (Provicol - Voco) and zinc oxide-based - eugenol-free (Relyx Temp NE - 3M). After 7 days, mechanical removal of the temporary retainers, preparation, irrigation of the root canal and cementation of the fiberglass post were performed, following the same protocol that had been performed in the control group. The roots were sectioned to obtain 3 slices per root third. The most cervical section of each third was used for the push-out test and failure pattern analysis, while the most apical section was subjected to analysis of the adhesive interface by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The BS data were compared between groups using the two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test. The failure pattern results were expressed in percentage and compared between groups using the chi-square test and the material adaptation data at the bond interface were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner tests. The results showed higher BS in the cervical third, with a higher value in the control group (10.8 ± 0.94) and Bifix Temp group (9.78 ± 0.71), with no statistically significant difference between these groups (P > .05). The middle and apical thirds showed no statistically significant difference (P > .05). As regards the type of failure, a higher percentage of mixed adhesive failures was observed for all groups. Analysis of the adhesive interface by SEM showed that the temporary cement Bifix Temp showed greater adaptation at the bond interface. It was concluded that the methacrylate-based resin temporary cement showed the highest bond strength values and best adaptation to root dentin than the zinc oxide-based and calcium hydroxide-based temporary cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Leite Rosa E Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Augusto Soares da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Nilson Alves Dos Santos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Cristina de Assis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manoel D Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Jurema ALB, Correia AMDO, Spinola MDS, Bresciani E, Caneppele TMF. Influence of different intraradicular chemical pretreatments on the bond strength of adhesive interface between dentine and fiber post cements: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12881. [PMID: 35673777 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Systematic review and network meta-analyses were performed to answer the question: Do intraradicular chemical pretreatments affect the bond strength of the adhesive interface between dentine and fiber post cements? A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, and Cochrane Library in October 2018 (updated September 2021). In vitro studies that compared the bond strength assessed by push-out tests following at least two dentine chemical treatments prior to fiber post cementation were included. Risk of bias was evaluated. A random-effects Bayesian-mixed treatment comparison model was used to compare push-out bond strength of different chemical pretreatments. SUCRA (surface area under the cumulative ranking) analysis was performed to rank the pretreatments. After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts, 61 studies remained. SUCRA analysis showed that the best bond strength values for self-etch, etch-and-rinse, and self-adhesive cements were ethyl acetate (SUCRA: 99.8%), low concentration NaOCl (SUCRA: 83.4%), and grape seed extract (SUCRA: 97.6%), respectively. According to the SUCRA rankings, ethanol was in a good position for all adhesive strategies (SUCRA: 78.6%). The use of chemical pretreatments in intraradicular dentine of endodontically treated teeth depends on the adhesive and cementation strategy. The pretreatment generally associated with the highest bond strength was ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Barbosa Jurema
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Manuela da Silva Spinola
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bresciani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taciana Marco Ferraz Caneppele
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo, Brazil
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Küden C, Karakaş SN. Photodynamic therapy and gaseous ozone versus conventional post space treatment methods on the push-out bond strength of fiber posts luting with different resin cements. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102586. [PMID: 34670156 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the push-out bond strength of fiber posts by using two different resin cement after the treatments of post space with photodynamic therapy, gaseous ozone and conventional disinfection solution. METHODS The root canal treatments of one hundred maxillary incisors were performed. The roots were randomly distributed into 5 groups (n = 20). NaOCl of 2.5% + EDTA of 17% in group 1, CHX of 2% in group 2, toluidine blue + diode laser as the photodynamic therapy (PDT) in group 3 and ozone in group 4 were applied to the post spaces. Group 5 was washed with distilled water as control group. Each group was divided into two subgroups according to the adhesive types and the posts were bonded by using RelyX and LinkForce. The bond strength was calculated using the push-out test method. Resin tag formations were photographed with SEM. The push-out bond strength was analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests (p = .05). RESULTS The PDT group, which showed the highest PBS among the groups bonded with LinkForce at all levels, was significantly higher than Ozone and DW groups (p<.05). NaOCl and ozone treatments provided the highest PBS among the groups bonded with RelyX for all levels and this difference was significant according to the DW group (p < .05). CONCLUSION Post space treatments improved the bond strength of the fiber post in both types of resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihan Küden
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, 01380, Turkey.
| | - Seda Nur Karakaş
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, 01380, Turkey.
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Lindblad RM, Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK, Tjäderhane L. The effect of chlorhexidine and dimethyl sulfoxide on long-term sealing ability of two calcium silicate cements in root canal. Dent Mater 2020; 37:328-335. [PMID: 33341245 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the long-term effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the sealing ability and biomineralization of two different calcium silicate cements (CSC) in root canal. METHODS Sixty human third molar root canals were obturated with ProRoot MTA or Biodentine. Before obturation the canals were irrigated with saline (control), 2% CHX or 5% DMSO. Microleakage was tested after three days and after six months. After additional six months (12 months after root filling) the roots were cut into 2 mm thick dentine discs. The discs were stored in artificial saliva for one year. The bond strength was measured with the push-out method, and the failure mode was evaluated with a stereomicroscope. The most apical disc of each tooth was used for Vickers hardness test. RESULTS No significant differences between the groups was found in initial microleakage. The leakage increased significantly during the 6-month storage in all groups except in Biodentine-CHX group and Biodentine-DMSO group. CHX and DMSO irrigation significantly increased the leakage with ProRoot MTA with time, but there was no statistically significant difference compared to the ProRoot MTA-control group at six months' time point. CHX significantly reduced the push-out bond strength of ProRoot MTA. With Biodentine irrigation with CHX or DMSO resulted with significantly higher push-out strength compared to the Biodentine control group. Fracture analysis showed statistically significant difference in the distribution of the fractures between the groups, but neither CHX nor DMSO change the fracture pattern statistically significantly. With Vickers hardness test ProRoot MTA with and without DMSO as the final irrigant showed significantly higher dentin hardness than any Biodentine-group. SIGNIFICANCE Considering that aging increased the leakage in all groups except with Biodentine-DMSO and the differences in the push-out strength and surface microhardness data, it appears that the time-related biomineralizing effect of MTA and Biodentine does not improve sealing to dentin. CHX significantly reduced ProRoot MTA bond strength and increased pure adhesive failures with both cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Lindblad
- City of Helsinki Health Centre, University Dental Clinic, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L V J Lassila
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - P K Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; City of Turku, Welfare Division, Turku, Finland
| | - L Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, and Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Seraj B, Ghadimi S, Najafpoor E, Abdolalian F, Khanmohammadi R. Comparative evaluation of the effects of different methods of post space preparation in primary anterior teeth on the fracture resistance of tooth restorations. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2019; 13:141-146. [PMID: 31592310 PMCID: PMC6773913 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2019.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Severely damaged teeth do not have adequate structure to support the composite crown; therefore, use of the canal space has been suggested to increase retention. Furthermore, the effect of post space irrigation protocols on the fracture resistance of the primary anterior teeth has not definitely been studied in postoperative modalities. This study compared the fracture resistance of restorations of primary anterior teeth following irrigation of the post space with sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine with and without application of burs.
Methods. Ninety-four extracted primary anterior teeth were selected. Root canal treatments were carried out, 4 mm of the post space was left empty and 1 mm was regarded as a bed. The post space was prepared with and without a bur and the irrigation procedures were carried out with 0.2% chlorhexidine and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solutions. Composite posts were inserted into the canals and the crowns were restored. Following composite etching and light-curing, the fracture resistance of the restored teeth was determined by a universal testing machine.
Results. In the sodium hypochlorite group, fracture resistance of the teeth was 376.8±107.29 N and 475.5±186.89 N without and with bur preparation, respectively. For chlorhexidine protocol, the values were 370.88±175.46 N and 430.85±178.22 N without and with bur preparation, respectively. The effect of irrigating material was not significant; however, the bur and irrigating preparation significantly increased the fracture resistance of the restored teeth (P=0.02).
Conclusion. Post space irrigation with 0.2% chlorhexidine or 2.5% sodium hypochlorite did not significantly affect the fracture resistance of primary anterior teeth in the post treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Seraj
- Dental Research Center and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ghadimi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Najafpoor
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abdolalian
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Razieh Khanmohammadi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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The Effect of Chlorhexidine and Dimethyl Sulfoxide on Long-Term Microleakage of Two Different Sealers in Root Canals. Eur Endod J 2019; 4:38-44. [PMID: 32161885 PMCID: PMC7006554 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2018.02886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of root canal obturation is to prevent leakage and inhibit microbial invasion. This study aimed to determine the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as final irrigants on microleakage of root filling immediately and after 18 months. The hypothesis was that either CHX or DMSO would not affect the immediate or long-term microleakage. Methods A total of 120 human third molar root canals were obturated with RealSeal SE or Topseal and gutta percha. Before obturation, the canals were irrigated with saline (control), 2% CHX or 5% DMSO. Microleakage of half of each groups (n=10) was measured after 3 days, and of the other half was measured after 18 months with fluid filtration method. Results In immediate measurements, RealSeal SE performed significantly better in CHX-irrigated group (p=0.035; Mann-Whitney test). For both sealers, DMSO had the lowest mean microleakage values, which were also statistically significantly lower than with CHX irrigation within sealers (p<0.009 for Topseal and p=0.04 for RealSeal SE; Mann-Whitney test). With RealSeal SE, the microleakage with CHX was significantly higher than that in controls (p=0.022; Mann-Whitney test). Conclusion Neither final irrigant showed statistically significant differences in the immediate microleakage within the two sealers. Irrigation with DMSO caused significantly less microleakage than CHX for both sealers after 18 months.
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CONTE T, ANDRADE GSD, GADONSKI AP, SANTIN DC, NAUFEL FS. Evaluation of the effect of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite in adhesive cementation of fiber posts - in vitro study. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction The attachment of fiberglass posts is achieved through an adhesive process. Failures in adhesion may occur due to the hydrolytic degradation of the adhesives, or to the degradation of the collagen fibres of the hybrid layer by intrinsic enzymes. Objective To evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite treatment on bond strength to dentin. Material and method Thirty bovine roots were randomly distributed into 3 groups (n=10): a) Control, b) 2% Chlorhexidine, and c) 5% Sodium Hypochlorite. Next, RelyX® ARC resin cement was used to cement the post. Each specimen resulted in samples from the three root thirds that were submitted to the pushout test (MPa) at 24 hours and 12 months. Bond strength values were analysed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, 3-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. The fracture mode of the pin was also analysed using stereomicroscopy. Result There were no significant differences between treatments at the immediate time (p=0.0644) or in the interaction of factors (p=0.1935). After one year, the experimental groups showed no significant differences in bond strength in relation to the control group, with the exception of the cervical third of the chlorohexidine group in which there was a significant loss of adhesion. As for the fracture mode, there was a predominance of the mixed type in all groups and thirds. Conclusion The use of chlorhexidine or hypochlorite provides neither benefits nor losses in the adhesive bond strength of fiberglass posts. However, there is an influence of the root thirds, with the worst bond strength in the apical third.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainara CONTE
- UNIOESTE – Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Brasil
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Seballos VG, Barreto MS, Rosa RAD, Machado E, Valandro LF, Kaizer OB. Effect of Post-Space Irrigation with NaOCl And CaOCl at Different Concentrations on the Bond Strength of Posts Cemented with a Self-Adhesive Resin Cement. Braz Dent J 2018; 29:446-451. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201801955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of post-space irrigation with NaOCl and CaOCl at different concentrations on the bond strength of posts cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement. Eighty premolars were sectioned 14 mm from the apex, and endodontically treated. The root canal filling was partially removed. Specimens were randomly assigned into 8 groups (n=10), according to the irrigant for post-space irrigation: SS - 0.9% saline solution (control group); CHX - 2% chlorhexidine; 1% NaOCl - 1% sodium hypochlorite; 2.5% NaOCl - 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; 5% NaOCl - 5% sodium hypochlorite; 1% CaOCl - 1% calcium hypochlorite; 2.5% CaOCl - 2.5% calcium hypochlorite; and 5% CaOCl - 5% calcium hypochlorite. For each group, irrigation was performed continuously with 2 ml of solution. The post-spaces were dried with paper points (#80), and glass fiber posts were cemented using a self-adhesive resin cement. The specimens were sectioned perpendicularly and the push-out test was performed. Optical microscopy was used to analyze the failure mode. ANOVA and Bonferroni tests analyzed the bond strength data. NaOCl and CaOCl presented similar bond strength regardless the concentration used to irrigate the post-space (p>0.05). SS showed the highest bond strength (11.47 MPa) (p<0.05). Adhesive failures at the cement/dentin interface were predominant (58.33%). Saline solution should be irrigant of choice to irrigate the post-space before fiber post cementation with self-adhesive resin cement. NaOCl and CaOCl negatively affect the bond strength values.
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Lapinska B, Klimek L, Sokolowski J, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Dentine Surface Morphology after Chlorhexidine Application-SEM Study. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10080905. [PMID: 30960830 PMCID: PMC6403839 DOI: 10.3390/polym10080905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a widely known and a very popular antibacterial agent that decreases the level of cariogenic bacteria. CHX applied on the cavity surface of dentine may influence adhesive bond strength. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dentine surface after different chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) application protocols. Different CHG application protocols were introduced. A concentration of 0.2% or 2.0% CHG was applied on the etched or unetched dentine surface for 15 or 30 s, then water rinsed or drained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations and energy disperse spectrometer (EDS) analysis of the dentine surfaces were performed. The application of 0.2% CHG for 15 s, followed by draining, on either etched or unetched dentine surface effectively removed the smear layer, leaving the surface enriched with CHG deposits. Conclusions: The concentration of CHG and its application time influenced the amount of CHG deposits and the degree of smear layer removal from the dentine surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Leszek Klimek
- Department of Dental Technology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Sokolowski
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
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Durski M, Metz M, Crim G, Hass S, Mazur R, Vieira S. Effect of Chlorhexidine Treatment Prior to Fiber Post Cementation on Long-Term Resin Cement Bond Strength. Oper Dent 2018; 43:E72-E80. [PMID: 29504878 DOI: 10.2341/16-241-lr2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strength of two different adhesive cements (total etch and self-adhesive) for glass fiber post (GFP) cementation in simulated, long-term service (thermocycling) when the root canal is treated with chlorhexidine before cementation. One hundred twenty premolar specimens with a single root canal were selected, endodontically treated, and shaped for GFP cementation (n=120). The specimens were randomly placed into one of 12 groups (10 specimens each) according to cement (T = total-etch RelyX ARC or S = self-adhesive RelyX Unicem), treatment with chlorhexidine (N or Y: without or with), and number of thermal cycles (00, 20, or 40: 0, or 20,000 or 40,000 cycles): 1. TN00, 2. TN20, 3. TN40, 4. TY00, 5. TY20, 6. TY40, 7. SN00, 8. SN20, 9. SN40, 10. SY00, 11. SY20, 12. SY40. The root of each specimen was cut perpendicular to the vertical axis, yielding six 1.0 mm-thick sections. A push-out bond strength test was performed followed by statistical analysis using a factorial analysis of variance. Pairwise comparisons of significant factor interactions were adjusted using the Tukey test. Significant differences of push-out bond strengths were found in the four main effects (resin cement [ p<0.0001], treatment with chlorhexidine [ p<0.0001], number of cycles [ p<0.0001], and root third [ p<0.0001]) and all interactions ( p<0.05 for all). Both resin cements produced higher bond strength in the cervical third followed by the middle third, and lower values were detected in the apical third. Additionally, the results suggest that the use of an additional disinfection treatment with chlorhexidine before the cement application produced the highest push-out bond strength regardless of root third. Further, the thermocycling simulation decreased the bond strength for both resin cements long-term when the chlorhexidine was not applied before cementation. However, when the root canal was treated with chlorhexidine and the fiber post was cemented with self-adhesive cement, the bond strength increased after 0, 20,000 and 40,000 cycles.
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How proteolytic inhibitors interact with dentin on glass-fiber post luting over 6 months. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 79:348-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Shafiei F, Memarpour M, Vafamand N, Mohammadi M. Effect of antibacterial/adhesive approaches on bonding durability of fiber posts cemented with self-etch resin cement. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e1096-e1102. [PMID: 29075411 PMCID: PMC5650211 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longevity of post-retained restoration is highly depended on bonding stability of fiber post (FP) to root dentin. This study evaluated the effect of different antibacterial/adhesive approaches on bonding durability of FPs luted into root canal with a self-etch cement. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-two human maxillary central incisor roots were divided into six groups after endodontic treatment, based on the antibacterial/adhesive treatments as follows: 1)ED primer II (ED, control); 2) Clearfil Protect Bond (PB); 3) 2% chlorhexidine (CH) pretreatment + ED primer II (CH+ED); 4) CH-incorporated into ED primer II (CH in ED); 5) CH pretreatment + Clearfil SE Bond (CH+SE); and 6)CH-incorporated into SE primer (CH in SE). The FPs were then cemented using PanaviaF2.0. After micro-slicing the bonded root dentin, a push-out bond strength (PBS) test was performed immediately or after two years of water storage. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (α=0.05). RESULTS The effects of antibacterial/adhesive approach, time and interaction between the main factors were significant (p=0.01). There was no significant difference between the immediate groups, except between the CH+ED group (the lowest PBS) and PB and CH in SE groups (the highest PBS) (p≤0.03). After aging, the same difference was observed (p≤0.02); the control group exhibited a significantly lower PBS compared to the other groups (p≤0.01), except for CH+ED. Aging significantly decreased PBS of all the groups (p≤0.01); the control group exhibited the highest reduction. CONCLUSIONS CH incorporated into self-etch primers or in pretreatment step prior to two-step self-etch adhesive and antibacterial adhesive could improve bond stability of self-etch cemented fiber post. However, none of these was capable of inhibiting bond degradation over time. Key words:Push-out bond strength, Fiber post, Chlorhexidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Shafiei
- DMD, MScD, Professor, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahtab Memarpour
- DMD, MScD, Professor, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Narges Vafamand
- DDS, Dentist, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mohammadi
- DDS, Dentist, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Salvador MA, Sousa CP, Morais S, Lima-Neto PD, Correia AN, Homem-de-Mello P. Evaluation of degradation mechanism of chlorhexidine by means of Density Functional Theory calculations. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 71:82-88. [PMID: 28987295 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chlorhexidine (CHD), a germicidal drug, has degradation products that can be hemotoxic and carcinogenic. However, there is no consensus in literature about the degradation pathway. In order to shed light on that mechanism, we have employed Density Functional Theory to study reactants, in different protonation states, products and intermediates involved in the different pathways. Based on free energy values comparison and frontier molecular orbital analysis, we have obtained the most stable structures in each protonation state. CHD in saturated form has HOMO localized in one p-chloroaniline, and, due to molecule's symmetry, HOMO-1 has contributions from the other side of the molecule, but mainly from the biguanide portion of the molecule, instead of from the p-chloroaniline. For the saturated form, we have studied two possible degradation pathways, starting from the monoprotonated structure, and three pathways starting from the neutral structure. We found out that the mechanisms proposed in literature, whose pathways lead to p-chloroaniline (PCA) formation in a smaller number of steps, are more likely than the mechanisms with more intermediate steps or pathways that do not predict PCA formation. Also, based on free energy results, we have found that the formation of another sub-product (PBG-AU) is favorable as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Aparecida Salvador
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Bloco B, sala 1017, 09210-580, Santo André - SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila Pinheiro Sousa
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, 60440-900, Fortaleza - CE, Brazil
| | - Simone Morais
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro de Lima-Neto
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, 60440-900, Fortaleza - CE, Brazil
| | - Adriana Nunes Correia
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, 60440-900, Fortaleza - CE, Brazil
| | - Paula Homem-de-Mello
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Bloco B, sala 1017, 09210-580, Santo André - SP, Brazil.
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Muttlib NAA, Azman ANP, Seng YT, Alawi R, Ariffin Z. Intracanal Adaptation of a Fiber Reinforced Post System as Compared to a Cast Post-and-Core. Acta Stomatol Croat 2016; 50:329-336. [PMID: 28275280 DOI: 10.15644/asc50/4/6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare the adaptation of fiber reinforced composite post system and cast post-and-core. METHODS 17 extracted human permanent maxillary central incisors were endodontically treated following the standard protocol. 17 fiber reinforced composite post had been fabricated and adapted to the prepared parallel root canals. A light body poly vinyl siloxane (EXAMIX NDS, Japan) impression material was inserted into the root canals followed by the post. A digital scale was used to measure the weight of the remaining material that filled the gap between the post and the canal wall. The adaptation was indicated by the weight difference before and after impression material insertion. The same procedures were repeated with 17 cast post-and-core in the same teeth specimens. RESULT The mean difference for the weight of the material within the group was statistically significant (P-value <0.001) with the value of 6.1mg(± 2.7mg) for cast metal post and 6.4mg(± 2.7mg) for fiber reinforced composite post. However, the mean difference was not statistically significant when compared with both materials (P-value>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both cast post-and-core and fiber reinforced composite post systems showed similar adaptation to the canal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yee Tong Seng
- - Student of School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia
| | - Rabihah Alawi
- - School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia
| | - Zaihan Ariffin
- - School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia
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Effect of different post space irrigation procedures on the bond strength of a fiber post attached with a self-adhesive resin cement. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 115:601-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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AKMAN M, ELDENIZ AU, INCE S, GUNESER MB. Push-out bond strength of a new post system after various post space treatments. Dent Mater J 2016; 35:876-880. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2015-372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melek AKMAN
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Necmettin Erbakan
| | | | - Selen INCE
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Yıldırım Beyazıt
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Haragushiku GA, Back EDEE, Tomazinho PH, Baratto Filho F, Furuse AY. Influence of antimicrobial solutions in the decontamination and adhesion of glass-fiber posts to root canals. J Appl Oral Sci 2015; 23:436-41. [PMID: 26398518 PMCID: PMC4560506 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the effect of root canal disinfectants on the elimination of bacteria from the root canals, as well as their effect on glass-fiber posts bond strength. Material and Methods Fifty-three endodontically treated root canals had post spaces of 11 mm in length prepared and contaminated with E. faecalis. For CFU/ml analysis, eight teeth were contaminated for 1 h or 30 days (n=4). Teeth were decontaminated with 5% NaOCl, 2% CHX, or distilled water. As control, no decontamination was conducted. After decontamination, sterile paper points were used to collect samples, and CFU/ml were counted. For push-out, three groups were evaluated (n=15): irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl, 2% CHX, or sterile distilled water. A bonding agent was applied to root canal dentin, and a glass-fiber post was cemented with a dual-cured cement. After 24 h, 1-mm-thick slices of the middle portion of root canals were obtained and submitted to the push-out evaluation. Three specimens of each group were evaluated in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s T3 test (α=0.05). Results The number of CFU/ml increased from 1 h to 30 days of contamination in control and sterile distilled water groups. Decontamination with NaOCl was effective only when teeth were contaminated for 1 h. CHX was effective at both contamination times. NaOCl did not influence the bond strength (p>0.05). Higher values were observed with CHX (p<0.05). SEM showed formation of resin tags in all groups. Conclusion CHX showed better results for the irrigation of contaminated root canals both in reducing the bacterial contamination and in improving the glass-fiber post bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adilson Yoshio Furuse
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, BR
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Durski MT, Metz MJ, Thompson JY, Mascarenhas AK, Crim GA, Vieira S, Mazur RF. Push-Out Bond Strength Evaluation of Glass Fiber Posts With Different Resin Cements and Application Techniques. Oper Dent 2015; 41:103-10. [PMID: 26332737 DOI: 10.2341/14-343-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the push-out strength of two different adhesive cements (total etch and self-adhesive) for glass fiber post (GFP) cementation using two different techniques (microbrush and elongation tip) of cement application. In addition, this study evaluated the effect of total-etch conditioning before the use of a self-adhesive cement. Sixty premolar specimens with a single root canal were selected, endodontically treated, and shaped for GFP cementation. The specimens were randomly placed into one of six groups according to the cement and technique used: RelyX ARC (ARC): ARC + microbrush, ARC + elongation tip; RelyX Unicem (RU): RU + microbrush, RU + elongation tip; or RelyX Unicem + 37% phosphoric acid (RUE): RUE + microbrush, RUE + elongation tip. Each specimen root was cut perpendicular to the vertical axis yielding six 1.0-mm-thick sections. Push-out strength test was performed, followed by statistical analysis using three-way analysis of variance and the Games-Howell test (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences between the groups were found (p< 0.05). The cervical third of the roots had the highest mean push-out strength values, while the apical third had the lowest mean values regardless of the technique used. The elongation technique produced higher mean push-out strength values compared to the microbrush technique. The self-etch adhesive cement had the highest mean push-out strength value in all thirds. The addition of a conditioning step before the self-etch adhesive cementation appears to be effective in enhancing push-out strength with GFPs.
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22
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Gomes França FM, Vaneli RC, Conti CDM, Basting RT, do Amaral FLB, Turssi CP. Effect of Chlorhexidine and Ethanol Application on Long-term Push-out Bond Strength of Fiber Posts to Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:547-553. [PMID: 26329409 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine and ethanol application on the push-out bond strength and bond durability of fiber posts cemented with an etch-and-rinse adhesive system/resin cement to intraradicular dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-four bovine roots were shaped for the cementation of a fiberglass post and received the application of 37% phosphoric acid. They were then randomly divided into three groups, according to the type of dentin treatment (n = 18) performed: no treatment (control group), 100% ethanol, or 2% chlorhexidine. Next, the adhesive system (Adper Scotch Bond Multipurpose Plus, 3M ESPE) was applied to the dentin, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Glass fiber posts were cemented with dual resin cement (Rely X ARC, 3M ESPE). After 48 hours, the specimens were serially sectioned for push-out test analysis, providing two slices from each root third (cervical, medium and apical), one of which was tested immediately and the other stored in distilled water for 180 days. The data were analyzed with three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures and Tukey's test at a 5% significance level. RESULTS Intraradicular treatment with chlorhexidine yielded the highest bond strength means, followed by ethanol treatment. The control group presented the lowest bond strength means. Water storage exerted no effect on bond strength values. CONCLUSION Both chlorhexidine and ethanol improved push-out bond strength to intraradicular dentin, with the former providing the best results, regardless of the storage time. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The application of 2% chlorhexidine or 100% ethanol may be an important step that can be taken to enhance bond strength of fiber posts to intraradicular dentin, when dual resin cements are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Swift, Campinas-SP 13045755 Brazil, e-mail:
| | - Rafaela Crystyan Vaneli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Carolina de Melo Conti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Roberta Tarkany Basting
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Cecília Pedroso Turssi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo Brazil
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Skupien JA, Sarkis-Onofre R, Cenci MS, Moraes RRD, Pereira-Cenci T. A systematic review of factors associated with the retention of glass fiber posts. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100401. [PMID: 26083089 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify factors that can affect the retention of glass fiber posts to intra-radicular dentin based on in vitro studies that compared the bond strength (BS) of GFPs cemented with resin cements. Searches were carried out in PubMed and Scopus until December 2013. Bond strength values and variables as type of tooth, presence of endodontic treatment, pretreatment of the post, type of bonding agent (if present), type of cement and mode of cement application were extracted from the 34 included studies. A linear regression model was used to evaluate the influence of these parameters on BS. The presence of endodontic treatment decreased the BS values in 22.7% considering the pooled data (p = 0.013). For regular cement, cleaning the post increased BS when compared to silane application without cleaning (p = 0.032), considering cleaning as ethanol, air abrasion, or phosphoric acid application. Applying the cement around the post and into root canal decreased the resistance compared to only around the post (p = 0.02) or only into root canal (p = 0.041), on the other hand, no difference was found for self-adhesive resin cement for the same comparisons (p = 0.858 and p = 0.067). Endodontic treatment, method of cement application, and post pretreatment are factors that might significantly affect the retention of glass-fiber posts into root canals mainly when cemented with regular resin cement. Self-adhesive resin cements were found to be less technique-sensitive to luting procedures as compared with regular resin cements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maximiliano Sérgio Cenci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ratto de Moraes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Pereira-Cenci
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Ertas H, Ok E, Uysal B, Arslan H. Effects of different irrigating solutions and disinfection methods on push-out bond strengths of fiber posts. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:783-7. [PMID: 24773130 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.906651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various irrigating solutions and photoactivated disinfection (PAD) on the push-out bond strengths of fiber posts to root dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two human teeth were divided into eight groups, as follows: (1) irrigation with physiologic saline (control), (2) NaOCl irrigation, (3) chlorhexidine (CHX) irrigation, (4) ethanol (EtOH) irrigation, (5) NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA irrigation, (6) NaOCl-EDTA supplemented with CHX irrigation, (7) NaOCl-EDTA supplemented with EtOH irrigation and (8) NaOCl-EDTA irrigation supplemented with PAD. After the posts were cemented, the roots were transversally sectioned to obtain four slices (1 mm thick) (n = 16). Push-out tests were conducted by applying a load at 0.5 mm/min, types of fracture failures were recorded and data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests (p = 0.05). RESULTS Push-out bond strength was significantly affected by the type of irrigating solution and the disinfection protocol (p < 0.05). The bond strength of the EtOH, NaOCl and NaOCl-EDTA-CHX irrigated groups was significantly higher than that of the other groups. The highest bond strength was observed in the EtOH irrigated group and the lowest was the NaOCl-EDTA irrigated group. CONCLUSIONS Irrigation with NaOCl and EDTA combined caused lower bond strength than observed in the control group. However, supplementing this combination with CHX improved the post-dentin bond strengths; supplementing with PAD did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Ertas
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University , Izmir , Turkey
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Martinho FC, Carvalho CAT, Oliveira LD, de Lacerda AJF, Xavier ACC, Augusto MG, Zanatta RF, Pucci CR. Comparison of different dentin pretreatment protocols on the bond strength of glass fiber post using self-etching adhesive. J Endod 2014; 41:83-7. [PMID: 25246368 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study compared the influence of different irrigants with and without ultrasound or laser irradiation on the bond strength of glass fiber posts using a self-etching adhesive in a supplementary dentin pretreatment. METHODS Ninety bovine incisor roots were divided into 3 groups according to the irrigant tested: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) (n = 30); 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (n = 30), and saline solution (control) (n = 30). Each group was randomly divided into 3 subgroups according to the supplementary dentin pretreatment: ultrasound, Nd:YAG laser, and nonsupplemented (control). A self-etching adhesive system (Futurabond DC; VOCO GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) was used, and the glass fiber posts were cemented with dual-cure epoxy-based luting agent (Bifix QM, VOCO GmbH). All roots were sectioned transversely, and the push-out test was performed. Failure mode analysis was also evaluated. RESULTS Bond strength decreased significantly after the use of 2.5% NaOCl in all root thirds (P < .05). CHX showed no difference in the mean bond strength value compared with saline solution (P > .05). The supplementary dentin pretreatment using the Nd:YAG laser or ultrasound did not improve the bond strength values for both NaOCl and CHX (P > .05). Moreover, the apical third exhibited the lowest mean bond strength values (P < .05). Analysis indicated that the predominant failure mode was the mixed type. CONCLUSIONS Regardless of the irrigant used, the supplementary dentin pretreatment with ultrasound or laser irradiation showed no improvement in bond strength. Also, the use of NaOCl decreased the bond strength of glass fiber posts using a self-etching adhesive system, whereas CHX preserved it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico C Martinho
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Claudio Antonio Talge Carvalho
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciane D Oliveira
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Júlia Farias de Lacerda
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Carvalho Xavier
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Gullo Augusto
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Ferreira Zanatta
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar Rogerio Pucci
- Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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de Araújo DFG, Chaves LP, Bim Júnior O, Pimentel Garcia FC, Ishikiriama SK, Honório HM, Wang L. Influence of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate on bond strength of a glass-fibre post luted with resin or glass-ionomer based cement. J Dent 2014; 42:735-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Sarkis-Onofre R, Skupien JA, Cenci MS, Moraes RR, Pereira-Cenci T. The Role of Resin Cement on Bond Strength of Glass-fiber Posts Luted Into Root Canals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of In Vitro Studies. Oper Dent 2014; 39:E31-44. [DOI: 10.2341/13-070-lit] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Because there are several ways to cement glass-fiber posts (GFPs) into root canals, there is no consensus on the best strategy to achieve high bond strengths. A systematic review was conducted to determine if there is difference in bond strength to dentin between regular and self-adhesive resin cements and to verify the influence of several variables on the retention of GFPs. This report followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. In vitro studies that investigated the bond strength of GFPs luted with self-adhesive and regular resin cements were selected. Searches were carried out in the PubMed and Scopus databases. No publication year or language limit was used, and the last search was done in October 2012. A global comparison was performed between self-adhesive and regular resin cements. Two subgroup analyses were performed: 1) Self-adhesive × Regular resin cement + Etch-and-rinse adhesive and 2) Self-adhesive × Regular resin cement + Self-etch adhesive. The analyses were carried out using fixed-effect and random-effects models. The results showed heterogeneity in all comparisons, and higher bond strength to dentin was identified for self-adhesive cements. Although the articles included in this meta-analysis showed high heterogeneity and high risk of bias, the in vitro literature seems to suggest that use of self-adhesive resin cement could improve the retention of GFPs into root canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sarkis-Onofre
- Rafael Sarkis-Onofre, DDS, MSc student, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - JA Skupien
- Jovito Adiel Skupien, MSc, PhD student, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - MS Cenci
- Maximiliano Sérgio Cenci, PhD, professor, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - RR Moraes
- Rafael Ratto de Moraes, PhD, professor, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - T Pereira-Cenci
- Tatiana Pereira-Cenci, PhD, professor, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Graziele Magro M, Kuga MC, Regina Victorino K, Vázquez-Garcia FA, Aranda-Garcia AJ, Faria-Junior NB, Faria G, Luis Shinohara A. Evaluation of the interaction between sodium hypochlorite and several formulations containing chlorhexidine and its effect on the radicular dentin--SEM and push-out bond strength analysis. Microsc Res Tech 2013; 77:17-22. [PMID: 24190651 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the presence of debris and smear layer after endodontic irrigation with different formulations of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and its effects on the push-out bond strength of an epoxy-based sealer on the radicular dentin. One hundred extracted human canines were prepared to F5 instrument and irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Fifty teeth were divided into five groups (n = 10), according to the final irrigation protocol with different 2% CHX formulations: G1 (control, no final rinse irrigation), G2 (CHX solution), G3 (CHX gel), G4 (Concepsis), and G5 (CHX Plus). In sequence, the specimens were submitted to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, in the cervical-medium and medium-apical segments, to evaluate the presence of debris and smear layer. The other 50 teeth were treated equally to a SEM study, but with the root canals filled with an epoxy-based endodontic sealer and submitted to a push-out bond strength test, in the cervical, middle, and apical thirds. G2, G3, G4, and G5 provided higher precipitation of the debris and smear layer than G1 (P < 0.05), but these groups were similar to each other (P > 0.05), in both segments. The values obtained in the push out test did not differ between groups, independent of the radicular third (P > 0.05). The CHXs formulations caused precipitation of the debris and smear layer on the radicular dentin, but these residues did not interfere in the push-out bond strength of the epoxy-based sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Graziele Magro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara - São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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Nova V, Karygianni L, Altenburger MJ, Wolkewitz M, Kielbassa AM, Wrbas KT. Pull-out bond strength of a fibre-reinforced composite post system luted with self-adhesive resin cements. J Dent 2013; 41:1020-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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30
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Bitter K, Aschendorff L, Neumann K, Blunck U, Sterzenbach G. Do chlorhexidine and ethanol improve bond strength and durability of adhesion of fiber posts inside the root canal? Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:927-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-1040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Elnaghy AM. Effect of QMix irrigant on bond strength of glass fibre posts to root dentine. Int Endod J 2013; 47:280-9. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Elnaghy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Mansoura University; Mansoura Egypt
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Bru E, Forner L, Llena C, Almenar A. Fibre post behaviour prediction factors. A review of the literature. J Clin Exp Dent 2013; 5:e150-3. [PMID: 24455071 PMCID: PMC3892248 DOI: 10.4317/jced.50619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The advantages of fibre posts over stainless steel posts have been demonstrated in numerous studies. For clinical success, various factors need to be taken into account in post-retained restorations.
Material and Methods: A review was made of literature on fibre posts published from 2000 to February 2011, identified through searches of the PubMed/Medline databases.
Results: The position of the tooth in the arch, ferrule size, proximal contact, periodontal support and restoration type are survival prediction factors that should be considered when performing post-endodontic restoration. Since fibre posts present good biomechanical behaviour as a result of their elastic modulus, which is similar to that of dentine, treatment failure occurs through decementation rather than because of root fracture, as occurs with metal posts. The shape of the post and, consequently, the thickness of the luting, can modify the retention capacity. Consequently, more anatomically-shaped posts have been developed, as have new techniques to reduce the volume of the dentine/cement interface: lateral condensation, surface remodelling or custom designs.
Conclusions: Different aspects of the preparation process can be modified to assist in improving fibre post retention, but further investigation, mainly clinical, is needed to acquire a better understanding of how different factors influence the long-term clinical behaviour of the posts.
Key words:Fiber post, post shape, post adaptation, post retention, endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bru
- DDS. Department of Stomatology. Universitat de València. Valencia, Spain
| | - Leopoldo Forner
- MD, DDS, PhD. Professor. Department of Stomatology. Universitat de València. Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Llena
- MD, DDS, PhD. Professor. Department of Stomatology. Universitat de València. Valencia, Spain
| | - Amelia Almenar
- MD, DDS, PhD. Department of Stomatology. Universitat de València. Valencia, Spain
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Katalinić I, Glockner K, Anić I. Influence of several root canal disinfection methods on pushout bond strength of self-etch post and core systems. Int Endod J 2013; 47:140-6. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - K. Glockner
- Klinische Abteilung für Zahnerhaltung; Univ. Klinik für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde; Medizinische Universität Graz; Graz Austria
| | - I. Anić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentstry; School of Dental Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
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Bitter K, Hambarayan A, Neumann K, Blunck U, Sterzenbach G. Various irrigation protocols for final rinse to improve bond strengths of fiber posts inside the root canal. Eur J Oral Sci 2013; 121:349-54. [PMID: 23841787 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Irrigation after post space preparation and its effects on the bond strength of different adhesive strategies are still an issue of interest. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of various irrigation protocols (IPs) on the push-out bond strengths of fiber posts. One-hundred and fifty extracted human anterior teeth were divided into three groups (n = 50 each) and endodontically treated. The post space was irrigated before post placement using the following five IPs in each group: IP1 (control): 5 ml of distilled water; IP2: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) applied with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI); IP3: 1% NaOCl applied with PUI; IP4: 18% ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) followed by 5.25% NaOCl; and IP5: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX). Fiber posts placement in each group was performed using three different adhesive strategies. A self-etch adhesive system revealed higher bond strength (16.2 ± 6.9 MPa) compared with an etch-and-rinse adhesive (8.5 ± 4.2 MPa) and a self-adhesive resin cement (9.2 ± 4.7 MPa). The use of 18% EDTA/5.25% NaOCl increased the bond strength of the self-adhesive resin cement. Conversely, this IP decreased the bond strength for the etch-and-rinse adhesive system, whilst 1% NaOCl enhanced the bond strength for the same system. Consequently, each adhesive strategy may need to be adapted to a specific IP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Bitter
- Department of Operative Dentistry, University School of Dental Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Camilotti V, Ioris MD, Busato PDMR, Ueda JK, Mendonça MJ. Avaliação da influência da solução de irrigação na resistência adesiva de um cimento resinoso. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1807-25772013000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: A contaminação do substrato dentinário pode interferir na qualidade de união entre materiais adesivos e o dente. OBJETIVO: Investigar a influência de diferentes soluções de irrigação na resistência de união de um cimento resinoso. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram selecionadas 40 coroas dentais bovinas, divididas em quatro grupos: G0 = soro; G1 = clorexidina; G2 = EDTA; G3 = clorexidina 0,12%, após condicionamento ácido. Em seguida, foram confeccionados cilindros de cimento resinoso utilizando-se uma matriz de Tygon com diâmetro interno de 1 mm e 2 mm de altura. A fotoativação foi realizada por aparelho de luz LED com 900 mW/cm² por 40 segundos. Foram confeccionados quatro cilindros de cimento resinoso para cada coroa bovina, totalizando 40 corpos de prova de cimento resinoso para cada grupo avaliado. O teste de resistência adesiva por microcisalhamento foi realizado após 24 horas. Decorrido esse período, os cilindros de cimento resinoso foram testados em uma máquina universal de ensaios (EMIC). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística pelos testes ANOVA e Tukey (p = 0,001). RESULTADO: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos estudados, com exceção para o G3, que apresentou de forma significativa os menores valores de resistência adesiva. CONCLUSÃO: As diferentes soluções irrigadoras utilizadas previamente ao condicionamento ácido na dentina não interferem na resistência de união por microcisalhamento.
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36
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Wang L, Pinto TA, Silva LM, Araújo DFG, Martins LM, Hannas AR, Pedreira APRV, Francisconi PAS, Honório HM. Effect of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate on bond strength of a glass-fibre post to root dentine. Int Endod J 2013; 46:847-54. [PMID: 23441932 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the immediate influence of dentine bonding systems (DBS) associated with 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) on glass-fibre post-bond strength to root dentine, in terms of coronal, middle and apical thirds. METHODOLOGY Sixty bovine roots were root filled and randomly assigned to 1 of 6 groups (n = 10): SBMP (3-step etch-and-rinse system, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose), SB (2-step etch-and-rinse system, Single Bond 2), SE (2-step self-etching system, Clearfil SE Bond) and SBMP-CHX, SB-CHX and SE-CHX, respectively, associated with CHX. For all groups, a glass-fibre post was luted with a dual-cure resin cement, RelyX ARC. After 7-day storage, specimens were subjected to the push-out test. Failure modes were analysed under optical microscopy (40x). Bond strength values were statistically analysed by two-way anova and Bonferroni tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS The effect of DBS was significant (P < 0.05), and SE reached higher bond strength in comparison with the other DBS tested. CHX association did not show improvement with any DBS (P > 0.05); rather, it negatively affected SE, which was detected for all thirds. There was no difference between thirds (P > 0.05), except for the SE-CHX, which presented lower values for the apical third (P < 0.05). Adhesive cement/dentine adhesive failure was predominant for all groups. CHX did not influence the failure mode for any DBS (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The performance of the dentine bonding systems was material dependent. CHX did not improve immediate bond strength; however, CHX negatively affected the bond strength of the self-etching system, especially in the third apical.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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37
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Do Prado M, Simão RA, Gomes BP. Evaluation of different irrigation protocols concerning the formation of chemical smear layer. Microsc Res Tech 2012; 76:196-200. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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38
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Chieruzzi M, Pagano S, Pennacchi M, Lombardo G, D’Errico P, Kenny JM. Compressive and flexural behaviour of fibre reinforced endodontic posts. J Dent 2012; 40:968-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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39
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Fathilah A, Himratul-Aznita W, Fatheen A, Suriani K. The antifungal properties of chlorhexidine digluconate and cetylpyrinidinium chloride on oral Candida. J Dent 2012; 40:609-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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40
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Lindblad RM, Lassila LVJ, Salo V, Vallittu PK, Tjäderhane L. One year effect of chlorhexidine on bonding of fibre-reinforced composite root canal post to dentine. J Dent 2012; 40:718-22. [PMID: 22580353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chlorhexidine preserves the long-term bonding between composite restorations and coronal dentine. Our aim was to evaluate the long-term effect of chlorhexidine on attachment of fibre-reinforced composite (FRC) root canal posts to root canals. We hypothesized that chlorhexidine would not negatively affect the bond strength in aged specimens. METHODS Root canals of 40 human extracted third molars were prepared for post cementation with each post systems' own burs. Four commercially available FRC posts (Glassix, D.T. Light-Post, Unicore, everStickPOST) were cemented with three different cements (Duo-link, PermaFlo DC, RelyX Unicem). After etching, except with self-adhesive RelyX Unicem, the post spaces were irrigated either with 2% chlorhexidine (Consepsis) or physiological saline for 60s. The roots (n=5 per group) were cut into 2mm thick dentine discs. The discs were stored in artificial saliva for one year. The bond strength was measured with the push-out method, and the failure mode was evaluated with a stereomicroscope. RESULTS Unicore with PermaFlo DC and everStickPOST with RelyX Unicem demonstrated significantly higher bond strength values both with and without chlorhexidine. After one year of storage chlorhexidine application improved the bond strength with D.T. Light-Post/Duo-link. With other posts and cements chlorhexidine application did not affect the bond strength. CONCLUSION 2% chlorhexidine did not negatively affect the long-term bond strength of any material tested. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Irrigation of root canals with chlorhexidine, as indicated to prevent root canal infection during post placement, does not interfere with post bond strength when FRC posts are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritva M Lindblad
- City of Helsinki Health Centre, University Dental Clinic, Finland.
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41
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Post retentive ability of a new resin composite with low stress behaviour. J Dent 2012; 40:322-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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42
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Prado M, Gusman H, Gomes BP, Simão RA. Effect of disinfectant solutions on gutta-percha and resilon cones. Microsc Res Tech 2012; 75:791-5. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.21126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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43
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Cortizo MC, Oberti TG, Cortizo MS, Cortizo AM, Fernández Lorenzo de Mele MA. Chlorhexidine delivery system from titanium/polybenzyl acrylate coating: evaluation of cytotoxicity and early bacterial adhesion. J Dent 2012; 40:329-37. [PMID: 22305778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The formation of biofilms on titanium dental implants is one of the main causes of failure of these devices. Streptococci are considered early colonizers that alter local environment favouring growing conditions for other colonizers. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is so far the most effective antimicrobial treatment against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms as well as fungi. This study was designed to develop a CHX delivery system appropriate for healing caps and abutments, with suitable drug release rate, effective as antimicrobial agent, and free of cytotoxic effects. METHODS Polybenzyl acrylate (PBA) coatings with and without CHX (Ti/PBA and Ti/PBA-CHX, respectively) and different drug loads (0.35, 0.70, and 1.40%, w/w) were assayed. The cytotoxic effect of CHX released from the different substrates on UMR106 cells was tested by alkaline phosphatase specific activity (ALP), and microscopic evaluation of the cells. Non-cytotoxic drug load (0.35%, w/w) was selected to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of the system using a microbial consortium of Streptococcus species. RESULTS The kinetic profile of CHX delivered by Ti/PBA-CHX showed an initial fast release rate followed by a monotonic increase of delivered mass over 48 h. The number of attached bacteria decreased in the following order: Ti>Ti/PBA>Ti/PBA-0.35. CONCLUSIONS PBA-0.35 coating is effective to inhibit the adhesion of early colonizers on Ti without any cytotoxic effect on UMR-106 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Cortizo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, CCT-La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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Cecchin D, Almeida JFA, Gomes BPFA, Zaia AA, Ferraz CCR. Deproteinization technique stabilizes the adhesion of the fiberglass post relined with resin composite to root canal. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 100:577-83. [PMID: 22102546 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of pretreatment of root dentin by 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) alone, associated with 2% chlorhexidine in gel base (CHX) and/or ethanol (EtOH), and the air-drying technique (Air) on the bond strength and adhesive durability of fiberglass post relined with resin composite to root dentin. A total of 100 bovine incisor roots were divided into 10 groups: G1 (control), irrigation with physiologic solution; G2, Air; G3, NaOCl; G4, NaOCl + Air; G5, NaOCl + EtOH; G6, NaOCl + EtOH + Air; G7, NaOCl + CHX; G8, NaOCl + CHX + Air; G9, NaOCl + CHX + EtOH; G10, NaOCl + CHX + EtOH + Air. Fiberglass post relined with resin composite was cemented and each group was randomly divided into two subgroups: 24 h of water storage and 12 months of water storage. The push-out test was performed and bond strength values were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test. The use of NaOCl alone or associated with CHX had the highest values of bond strength with or without Air in the immediate and stored groups, being statistically similar to the immediate control group (p > 0.05). The groups using EtOH or Air alone had lower bond strength in the immediate and stored groups (p < 0.05). A significant decrease with the time of the bond strength in the control group was observed after 12 months of storage (p > 0.05). The use of NaOCl or NaOCl associated with CHX preserved the bond strength immediate and for 12 months. The air-drying technique and the other associations decreased the immediate bond strength values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doglas Cecchin
- Endodontics Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
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45
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Influence of Chlorhexidine and Ethanol on the Bond Strength and Durability of the Adhesion of the Fiber Posts to Root Dentin Using a Total Etching Adhesive System. J Endod 2011; 37:1310-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Cecchin D, de Almeida JFA, Gomes BPFA, Zaia AA, Ferraz CCR. Effect of chlorhexidine and ethanol on the durability of the adhesion of the fiber post relined with resin composite to the root canal. J Endod 2011; 37:678-83. [PMID: 21496670 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pretreatment of gel chlorhexidine and ethanol on the bond strength and durability of the adhesion of the fiber post relined with resin composite to the root dentin. METHODS Sixty bovine incisor roots were divided into four groups: irrigation with physiologic solution (control), 5 minutes with chlorhexidine, 1 minute with ethanol, and 5 minutes with chlorhexidine followed by 1 minute with ethanol. Fiber posts relined with resin composite were cemented with RelyX ARC (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN) and a self-etching adhesive system Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray, Kurashiki, Japan). Each group was randomly divided into three subgroups: 24 hours of water storage, 12 months of water storage, and 12 months of oil storage. All roots were sectioned transversely in the coronal, middle, and apical regions, producing 1-mm thick slices, and the push-out test was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and the Tukey test for post hoc comparisons (α = 0.05). RESULTS Immediate groups showed similar bond strength values with or without chlorhexidine and/or ethanol pretreatment (P > .05). A significant decrease in the bond strength in the control group was observed after 12 months of storage in water and oil (P < .05). The use of chlorhexidine- and/or ethanol-preserved bond strength in the groups stored in water and oil for 12 months (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Chlorhexidine and/or ethanol pretreatment were capable of preserving the bond strength of the fiber post relined with resin composite to root dentin for 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doglas Cecchin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
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