1
|
Krastl G, Weiger R, Filippi A, Van Waes H, Ebeleseder K, Ree M, Connert T, Widbiller M, Tjäderhane L, Dummer PMH, Galler K. European Society of Endodontology position statement: endodontic management of traumatized permanent teeth. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1473-1481. [PMID: 33934366 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This position statement represents a consensus of an expert committee convened by the European Society of Endodontology (ESE) on the endodontic management of traumatized permanent teeth. A recent comprehensive review with detailed background information provides the basis for this position statement (Krastl et al. 2021, International Endodontic Journal, https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.13508). The statement is based on current scientific evidence as well as the expertise of the committee. Complementing the recently revised guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology, this position statement aims to provide clinical guidance for the choice of the appropriate endodontic approach for traumatized permanent teeth. Given the dynamic nature of research in this area, this position statement will be updated at appropriate intervals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - G Krastl
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology & Center of Dental Traumatology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - R Weiger
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Center of Dental Traumatology, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Filippi
- Center of Dental Traumatology, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Oral Surgery, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - H Van Waes
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Clinic for Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Ebeleseder
- University Clinic of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Ree
- Private Practice, Purmerend, Netherlands
| | - T Connert
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Center of Dental Traumatology, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Widbiller
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - L Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - P M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical & Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - K Galler
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krastl G, Weiger R, Filippi A, Van Waes H, Ebeleseder K, Ree M, Connert T, Widbiller M, Tjäderhane L, Dummer PMH, Galler K. Endodontic management of traumatized permanent teeth: a comprehensive review. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1221-1245. [PMID: 33683731 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pulp plays a key role in the treatment of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) and is strongly associated with the outcome, particularly in severe cases. A correct pulp diagnosis is essential as it forms the basis for developing the appropriate management strategy. However, many TDIs are complex, and their treatment requires a profound knowledge of the physiological and pathological responses of the affected tissues. This comprehensive review will look at the dentine-pulp complex and its interaction with the surrounding tissues following TDIs. The literature up to 2020 was reviewed based on several searches on PubMed and the Cochrane Library using relevant terms. In addition to the recently revised guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology, this article aims to provide background information with a focus on endodontic aspects and to gather evidence on which a clinician can make decisions on the choice of the appropriate endodontic approach for traumatized permanent teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Krastl
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Traumatology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - R Weiger
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cardiology, University School of Dental Medicine, Basel, Switzerland.,Center of Dental Traumatology, University School of Dental Medicine, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Filippi
- Center of Dental Traumatology, University School of Dental Medicine, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Oral Surgery, University School of Dental Medicine, Basel, Switzerland
| | - H Van Waes
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Clinic for Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Ebeleseder
- University Clinic of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Ree
- Private Practice, Purmerend, Netherlands
| | - T Connert
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cardiology, University School of Dental Medicine, Basel, Switzerland.,Center of Dental Traumatology, University School of Dental Medicine, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Widbiller
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - L Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - P M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - K Galler
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liljestrand JM, Salminen A, Lahdentausta L, Paju S, Mäntylä P, Buhlin K, Tjäderhane L, Sinisalo J, Pussinen PJ. Association between dental factors and mortality. Int Endod J 2020; 54:672-681. [PMID: 33275782 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study whether oral parameters such as endodontic infections, root canal fillings, number of teeth or wearing removable dentures at baseline are associated with cardiovascular- and all-cause mortality in a follow-up of approximately 8 years. METHODOLOGY The Finnish Parogene cohort consists of 508 Finnish adults (mean age 63.3 years, SD 9.1) with cardiac symptoms, all of whom had undergone coronary angiography for accurate baseline coronary status. Extensive clinical and radiographic oral examinations were performed, and additional data were acquired from medical records and questionnaires. Root canal fillings and endodontic lesions, as well as their co-occurrence, were determined from panoramic radiographs. The mortality data were assessed via record linkage with the Finnish Causes of Death register (mean follow-up time 7.81 years, SD 1.45 years). A total of n = 471 dentate patients were included in the statistical analyses. RESULTS A total of n = 69 deaths were recorded, of which n = 41 were due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs, ICD-10 I00-I99). The deceased had fewer root canal fillings (mean 1.57; SD 1.64 vs. mean 2.30; SD 2.34, P = 0.03) than the survivors. The number of missing teeth was associated with smoking, occluded coronary arteries and diabetes. Cox regression with Firth's penalized maximum-likelihood method using age as timescale revealed an inverse association (HR; 95%CI) between mortality and number of teeth (all-cause 0.91; 0.86-0.96, CVD mortality 0.89; 0.83-0.96), use of removable dentures (all-cause 0.24; 0.09-0.62, CVD mortality 0.20; 0.06-0.72), root canal fillings (all-cause 0.82; 0.70-0.94, CVD mortality 0.79; 0.63-0.96) and having root canal fillings in all teeth with apical rarefactions (all-cause 0.27; 0.06-0.79, CVD mortality 0.09; 0.01-0.63), when gender, smoking, occluded coronary arteries, periodontal inflammatory burden index and the number of teeth were adjusted for. CONCLUSIONS The number of missing teeth appeared to be the strongest predictor of mortality in this study, whereas endodontic infections per se had no independent association. Nevertheless, signs of professional intervention in these problems, such as root canal fillings and removable dentures, appeared to be associated with improved survival, which might partly be explained by the utilization of healthcare services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Liljestrand
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Salminen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Lahdentausta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Paju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Mäntylä
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio, Finland
| | - K Buhlin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - L Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, and Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Sinisalo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P J Pussinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lindblad RM, Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK, Tjäderhane L. The effect of chlorhexidine and dimethyl sulfoxide on long-term sealing ability of two calcium silicate cements in root canal. Dent Mater 2020; 37:328-335. [PMID: 33341245 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the long-term effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the sealing ability and biomineralization of two different calcium silicate cements (CSC) in root canal. METHODS Sixty human third molar root canals were obturated with ProRoot MTA or Biodentine. Before obturation the canals were irrigated with saline (control), 2% CHX or 5% DMSO. Microleakage was tested after three days and after six months. After additional six months (12 months after root filling) the roots were cut into 2 mm thick dentine discs. The discs were stored in artificial saliva for one year. The bond strength was measured with the push-out method, and the failure mode was evaluated with a stereomicroscope. The most apical disc of each tooth was used for Vickers hardness test. RESULTS No significant differences between the groups was found in initial microleakage. The leakage increased significantly during the 6-month storage in all groups except in Biodentine-CHX group and Biodentine-DMSO group. CHX and DMSO irrigation significantly increased the leakage with ProRoot MTA with time, but there was no statistically significant difference compared to the ProRoot MTA-control group at six months' time point. CHX significantly reduced the push-out bond strength of ProRoot MTA. With Biodentine irrigation with CHX or DMSO resulted with significantly higher push-out strength compared to the Biodentine control group. Fracture analysis showed statistically significant difference in the distribution of the fractures between the groups, but neither CHX nor DMSO change the fracture pattern statistically significantly. With Vickers hardness test ProRoot MTA with and without DMSO as the final irrigant showed significantly higher dentin hardness than any Biodentine-group. SIGNIFICANCE Considering that aging increased the leakage in all groups except with Biodentine-DMSO and the differences in the push-out strength and surface microhardness data, it appears that the time-related biomineralizing effect of MTA and Biodentine does not improve sealing to dentin. CHX significantly reduced ProRoot MTA bond strength and increased pure adhesive failures with both cements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Lindblad
- City of Helsinki Health Centre, University Dental Clinic, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L V J Lassila
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - P K Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; City of Turku, Welfare Division, Turku, Finland
| | - L Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, and Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stape T, Seseogullari-Dirihan R, Tjäderhane L, Abuna G, Martins L, Tezvergil-Mutluay A. Dry-bonding with dimethyl sulfoxide pretreatments to reduce collagen degradation. Dent Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.08.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
6
|
Giacomini MC, Scaffa PMC, Chaves LP, Vidal CMP, Machado TN, Honório HM, Tjäderhane L, Wang L. Role of Proteolytic Enzyme Inhibitors on Carious and Eroded Dentin Associated With a Universal Bonding System. Oper Dent 2017; 42:E188-E196. [DOI: 10.2341/16-178-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of proteolytic inhibitors on the bond strength of a universal adhesive system (etch-and-rinse mode) applied to artificial carious and eroded dentin. Methods: Ninety molars were prepared and randomly divided into three groups according to the substrate: N, no challenges; ACD, artificial carious dentin simulation and ERO, artificial erosion simulation with orange juice. All groups were redivided into three subgroups according to the dentin pretreatment: W, water; CHX, 2% digluconate chlorhexidine; and E-64 (trans-epoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamido-[4-guanidino] butane), 5 μM E-64 inhibitor. They constituted a total of nine groups (n=10): N-W, N-CHX, N-E64, ACD-W, ACD-CHX, ACD-E64, ERO-W, ERO-CHX, and ERO-E64. All specimens were restored with Adper Single Bond Universal/Filtek Z250. Beams (0.64 mm2) were obtained and subjected to the microtensile test (μTBS) in a universal testing machine at 0.5 mm/min. The failure mode of the interfaces was determined by optical microscopy (40× magnification). Data were statistically analyzed by three-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (p<0.05). Results: All individual factors (p<0.0001) and the interaction between substrate and treatment (p=0.0011) and between substrate and time (p=0.0003) were statistically significant. The caries substrate contributed negatively to bond strength. Chlorhexidine reduced bond strength for normal and eroded conditions. Only the normal substrate was negatively affected by time despite the pretreatment. Conclusions: The universal bonding system appears to be a promising bonding strategy for the maintenance of bond strength to affected dentin. E-64 did not affect bonding to the dentin in contrast to the use of chlorhexidine, which, when associated with the universal system, did affect the microtensile bond strength for artificial carious dentin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MC Giacomini
- Marina Ciccone Giacomini, DDS, MS, PhD student, Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - PMC Scaffa
- Polliana Mendes Candia Scaffa, DDS, MS, PhD, postdoctoral student, Department of Biological Science, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - LP Chaves
- Larissa Pinceli Chaves, DDS, MS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - CMP Vidal
- Cristina de Mattos Pimenta Vidal, DDS, MS, PhD, assistant professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - TN Machado
- Thaís Nayara Machado, DDS, Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - HM Honório
- Heitor Marques Honório, DDS, MS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Collective Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - L Wang
- Linda Wang, DDS, MS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mehtälä P, Pashley D, Tjäderhane L. Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on dentin collagen. Dent Mater 2017; 33:915-922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
8
|
Alvarez M, Moura G, Machado M, Viana G, de Souza Costa C, Tjäderhane L, Nader H, Tersariol I, Nascimento F. PAR-1 and PAR-2 Expression Is Enhanced in Inflamed Odontoblast Cells. J Dent Res 2017; 96:1518-1525. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034517719415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M.M.P. Alvarez
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G.E. Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M.F.M. Machado
- Interdisciplinary Center of Biochemistry Investigation (CIIB), University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - G.M. Viana
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C.A. de Souza Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Univ Estadual Paulista–UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences and Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - H.B. Nader
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I.L.S. Tersariol
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F.D. Nascimento
- Interdisciplinary Center of Biochemistry Investigation (CIIB), University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Segura‐Egea JJ, Gould K, Hakan Şen B, Jonasson P, Cotti E, Mazzoni A, Sunay H, Tjäderhane L, Dummer PMH. European Society of Endodontology position statement: the use of antibiotics in endodontics. Int Endod J 2017; 51:20-25. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Segura‐Egea
- Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry University of Sevilla Sevilla Spain
| | - K. Gould
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | | | - P. Jonasson
- Department of Endodontology Institute of Odontology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - E. Cotti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics University of Cagliari Cagliari, Sardinia Italy
| | - A. Mazzoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences DIBINEM University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - H. Sunay
- Department of Endodontology Dental Faculty of Istanbul Kemerburgaz University Istanbul Turkey
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu) University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - P. M. H. Dummer
- School of Dentistry College of Biomedical & Life Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mazzoni A, Angeloni V, Sartori N, Duarte S, Maravic T, Tjäderhane L, Pashley D, Tay F, Breschi L. Substantivity of Carbodiimide Inhibition on Dentinal Enzyme Activity over Time. J Dent Res 2017; 96:902-908. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034517708312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide HCl (EDC) has recently been investigated for its effectiveness in the prevention of collagen degradation over time and the improvement of resin-dentin bond durability. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a 0.3 M EDC-containing conditioner on endogenous enzymatic activities within the hybrid layer (HL) created by a self-etch or an etch-and-rinse adhesive after 1 y. The activity within the HL was examined using in situ zymography and confocal laser scanning microscopy after 24 h or 1-y storage in artificial saliva. Dentin specimens were bonded with Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) or XP Bond (XPB). For CSE, the self-etching primer was applied and treated with 0.3 M EDC for 1 min, and then the bonding agent was applied. For XPB, dentin was etched and treated with 0.3 M EDC for 1 min and then bonded with the primer-bonding agent. Control specimens were prepared without EDC treatment. Slices containing the adhesive-dentin interface were covered with fluorescein-conjugated gelatin and observed with a multiphoton confocal microscope. Fluorescence intensity emitted by hydrolyzed fluorescein-conjugated gelatin was quantified, and the amount of gelatinolytic activity was represented by the percentage of green fluorescence emitted within the HL. After 24 h of storage, enzymatic activity was detected by in situ zymography within the HLs of both tested adhesives, with XPB higher than CSE ( P < 0.05). Almost no fluorescence signal was detected when specimens were pretreated with EDC compared to controls ( P < 0.05). After 1 y of storage, enzymatic activities significantly increased for all groups (excluding XPB control) compared to 24-h storage ( P < 0.05), with EDC pretreated specimens exhibiting significantly lower activity than controls ( P < 0.05). The present study showed, for the first time, that the use of EDC for both the self-etch and the etch-and-rinse approaches results in the reduction but not complete inhibition of matrix-bound collagenolytic enzyme activities over time in the HL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mazzoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna–Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - V. Angeloni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna–Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - N. Sartori
- Division of Restorative Sciences, University of Southern California Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S. Duarte
- Division of Restorative Sciences, University of Southern California Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T. Maravic
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna–Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, and Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - D.H. Pashley
- The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - F.R. Tay
- The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - L. Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna–Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Segura-Egea JJ, Gould K, Şen BH, Jonasson P, Cotti E, Mazzoni A, Sunay H, Tjäderhane L, Dummer PMH. Antibiotics in Endodontics: a review. Int Endod J 2017; 50:1169-1184. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Segura-Egea
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; University of Sevilla; Sevilla Spain
| | - K. Gould
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | | | - P. Jonasson
- Department of Endodontology; Institute of Odontology; Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - E. Cotti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics; University of Cagliari; Cagliari, Sardinia Italy
| | - A. Mazzoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; DIBINEM; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - H. Sunay
- Department of Endodontology; Dental Faculty of Istanbul Kemerburgaz University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Helsinki University Hospital; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences; Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu); Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - P. M. H. Dummer
- School of Dentistry; College of Biomedical & Life Sciences; Cardiff University; Cardiff UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liljestrand J, Mäntylä P, Paju S, Buhlin K, Kopra K, Persson G, Hernandez M, Nieminen M, Sinisalo J, Tjäderhane L, Pussinen P. Association of Endodontic Lesions with Coronary Artery Disease. J Dent Res 2016; 95:1358-1365. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034516660509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An endodontic lesion (EL) is a common manifestation of endodontic infection where Porphyromonas endodontalis is frequently encountered. EL may associate with increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) via similar pathways as marginal periodontitis. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to delineate the associations between EL and CAD. Subgingival P. endodontalis, its immune response, and serum lipopolysaccharide were examined as potential mediators between these 2 diseases. The Finnish Parogene study consists of 508 patients (mean age, 62 y) who underwent coronary angiography and extensive clinical and radiographic oral examination. The cardiovascular outcomes included no significant CAD ( n = 123), stable CAD ( n = 184), and acute coronary syndrome (ACS; n = 169). EL was determined from a panoramic tomography. We combined data of widened periapical spaces (WPSs) and apical rarefactions to a score of EL: 1, no EL ( n = 210); 2, ≥1 WPS per 1 apical rarefaction ( n = 222); 3, ≥2 apical rarefactions ( n = 76). Subgingival P. endodontalis was defined by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization analysis, and corresponding serum antibodies were determined by ELISA. In our population, 50.4% had WPSs, and 22.8% apical rarefactions. A total of 51.2% of all teeth with apical rarefactions had received endodontic procedures. Subgingival P. endodontalis levels and serum immunoglobulin G were associated with a higher EL score. In the multiadjusted model (age, sex, smoking, diabetes, body mass index, alveolar bone loss, and number of teeth), having WPSs associated with stable CAD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.13 to 3.32, P = 0.016) and highest EL score were associated with ACS (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.09 to 5.54, P = 0.030). This association was especially notable in subjects with untreated teeth with apical rarefactions ( n = 59, OR = 2.72, 95% CI = 1.16 to 6.40, P = 0.022). Our findings support the hypothesis that ELs are independently associated with CAD and in particular with ACS. This is of high interest from a public health perspective, considering the high prevalence of ELs and CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J.M. Liljestrand
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P. Mäntylä
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S. Paju
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K. Buhlin
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - K.A.E. Kopra
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G.R. Persson
- Departments of Oral Medicine, and Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - M. Hernandez
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology and Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M.S. Nieminen
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J. Sinisalo
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - P.J. Pussinen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sakko M, Tjäderhane L, Sorsa T, Hietala P, Rautemaa R. 2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid is bactericidal in human dental root canalsex vivo. Int Endod J 2016; 50:455-463. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sakko
- Institute of Dentistry; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology; Haartman Institute; Helsinki University Hospital; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; Oulu University Hospital; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Helsinki University Hospital; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; Oulu University Hospital; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Helsinki University Hospital; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - T. Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Helsinki University Hospital; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Division of Periodontology; Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institute; Huddinge Sweden
| | | | - R. Rautemaa
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Institute of Inflammation and Repair; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- University Hospital of South Manchester; Manchester UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Giacomini M, Scaffa P, Vidal C, Tjäderhane L, Honório H, Wang L. Proteolytic-inhibitors use for bonding carious/eroded dentin: Does it work? Dent Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- L. Tjäderhane
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
- Institute of Dentistry; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zarella B, Cardoso C, Pelá V, Kato M, Tjäderhane L, Buzalaf M. The role of matrix metalloproteinases and cysteine-cathepsins on the progression of dentine erosion. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:1340-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
AIM To improve an enzymatic method previously used for isolation of rat odontoblasts to isolate viable mature human odontoblasts. METHODOLOGY Collagenase I, collagenase I/hyaluronidase mixture and hyaluronidase were used to extract mature human odontoblasts from the pulp chamber. Detachment of odontoblasts from dentine was determined with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and to analyse the significance of differences in tubular diameter, and the t-test was used. MTT-reaction was used to analyse cell viability, and nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney post hoc tests were used to analyse the data. Immunofluorescent staining of dentine sialoprotein (DSP), aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) of dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) were used to confirm the odontoblastic nature of the cells. RESULTS MTT-reaction and FESEM demonstrated collagenase I/hyaluronidase resulted in more effective detachment and higher viability than collagenase I alone. Hyaluronidase alone was not able to detach odontoblasts. Immunofluorescence revealed the typical odontoblastic-morphology with one process, and DSP, AQP4 and MMP-20 were detected. Quantitative PCR of DSPP confirmed that the isolated cells expressed this odontoblast-specific gene. CONCLUSION The isolation of viable human odontoblasts was successful. The cells demonstrated morphology typical for odontoblasts and expressed characteristic odontoblast-type genes and proteins. This method will enable new approaches, such as apoptosis analysis, for studies using fully differentiated odontoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Cuffaro
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - V Pääkkönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - L Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sakko M, Tjäderhane L, Sorsa T, Hietala P, Rautemaa R. Antimicrobial 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid and chlorhexidine resist inactivation by dentine. Int Endod J 2015; 49:352-60. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sakko
- Institute of Dentistry; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - T. Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
- Division of Periodontology; Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; Huddinge Sweden
| | | | - R. Rautemaa
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University Hospital of South Manchester; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tjäderhane L, Salo T. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 in odontoblast-like cells. Int Endod J 2015; 46:1006-7. [PMID: 24033395 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hebling J, Bianchi L, Basso FG, Scheffel DL, Soares DG, Carrilho MRO, Pashley DH, Tjäderhane L, de Souza Costa CA. Cytotoxicity of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in direct contact with odontoblast-like cells. Dent Mater 2015; 31:399-405. [PMID: 25681221 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the cytotoxicity of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the repair-related activity of cultured odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells. METHODS Solutions with different concentrations of DMSO (0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 mM), diluted in culture medium (DMEM), were placed in contact with MDPC-23 cells (5 × 104 cells/cm(2)) for 24 h. Eight replicates (n = 8) were prepared for each solutions for the following methods of analysis: violet crystal dye for cell adhesion (CA), quantification of total protein (TP), alizarin red for mineralization nodules formation (MN) and cell death by necrosis (flow cytometry); while twelve replicates (n = 12) were prepared for viable cell number (Trypan Blue) and cell viability (MTT assay). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney's tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS Cell viability, adhesion and percentage of cell death by necrosis were not affected by DMSO at any concentration, with no statistical significant difference among the groups. A significant reduction in total protein production was observed for 0.5 and 1.0 mM of DMSO compared to the control while increased mineralized nodules formation was seen only for 1.0 mM DMSO. SIGNIFICANCE DMSO caused no or minor cytotoxic effects on the pulp tissue repair-related activity of odontoblast-like cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Hebling
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - L Bianchi
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - F G Basso
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - D L Scheffel
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - D G Soares
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - M R O Carrilho
- Anhanguera University of São Paulo (UNIAN), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D H Pashley
- Georgia Regents University, College of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Biology, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - L Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - C A de Souza Costa
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Departament of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
In dentin bonding, contemporary dental adhesive systems rely on formation of the hybrid layer, a biocomposite containing dentin collagen and polymerized resin adhesive. They are usually able to create at least reasonable integrity of the hybrid layer with high immediate bond strength. However, loss of dentin-bonded interface integrity and bond strength is commonly seen after aging both in vitro and in vivo. This is due to endogenous collagenolytic enzymes, matrix metalloproteinases, and cysteine cathepsins, responsible for the time-dependent loss of hybrid layer collagen. In addition, the hydrophilic nature of adhesive systems creates problems that lead to suboptimal hybrid layers. These problems include, for example, insufficient resin impregnation of dentin, phase separation, and a low rate of polymerization, all of which may reduce the longevity of the bonded interface. Preservation of the collagen matrix integrity by inhibition of endogenous dentin proteases is key to improving dentin bonding durability. Several approaches to retain the integrity of the hybrid layer and to improve the long-term dentin bond strength have been tested. These include the use of enzyme inhibitors, either separately or as incorporated into the adhesive resins; increase of collagen resistance to enzymatic degradation; and elimination of water from the interface to slow down or eliminate hydrolytic loss of the hybrid layer components. This review looks at the principles, current status, and future of the different techniques designed to prevent the loss of hybrid layer and bond strength.
Collapse
|
22
|
Stape T, Tjäderhane L, Szesz A, Loguercio A, Martins L. DMSO improves long-term dentin bonding of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives. Dent Mater 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
23
|
Mazzoni A, Tjäderhane L, Checchi V, Di Lenarda R, Salo T, Tay FR, Pashley DH, Breschi L. Role of dentin MMPs in caries progression and bond stability. J Dent Res 2014; 94:241-51. [PMID: 25535202 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514562833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin can be described as a biological composite with collagen matrix embedded with nanosized hydroxyapatite mineral crystallites. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cysteine cathepsins are families of endopeptidases. Enzymes of both families are present in dentin and collectively capable of degrading virtually all extracellular matrix components. This review describes these enzymes and their presence in dentin, mainly focusing on their role in dentin caries pathogenesis and loss of collagen in the adhesive hybrid layer under composite restorations. MMPs and cysteine cathepsins present in saliva, mineralized dentin, and/or dentinal fluid may affect the dentin caries process at the early phases of demineralization. Changes in collagen and noncollagenous protein structure may participate in observed decreases in mechanical properties of caries-affected dentin and reduce the ability of caries-affected dentin to remineralize. These endogenous enzymes also remain entrapped within the hybrid layer during the resin infiltration process, and the acidic bonding agents themselves (irrespective of whether they are etch-and-rinse or self-etch) can activate these endogenous protease proforms. Since resin impregnation is frequently incomplete, denuded collagen matrices associated with free water (which serves as a collagen cleavage reagent for these endogenous hydrolase enzymes) can be enzymatically disrupted, finally contributing to the degradation of the hybrid layer. There are multiple in vitro and in vivo reports showing that the longevity of the adhesive interface is increased when nonspecific enzyme-inhibiting strategies are used. Different chemicals (i.e., chlorhexidine, galardin, and benzalkonium chloride) or collagen cross-linker agents have been successfully employed as therapeutic primers in the bonding procedure. In addition, the incorporation of enzyme inhibitors (i.e., quaternary ammonium methacrylates) into the resin blends has been recently promoted. This review will describe MMP functions in caries and hybrid layer degradation and explore the potential therapeutic role of MMP inhibitors for the development of improved intervention strategies for MMP-related oral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Mazzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - L Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - V Checchi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - R Di Lenarda
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - T Salo
- Institute of Dentistry, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - F R Tay
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - D H Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - L Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kämppi A, Päkkilä J, Tanner T, Patinen P, Tjäderhane L, Anttonen V. Validity of a questionnaire in estimating restorative treatment need among young adults. Community Dent Health 2014; 31:245-250. [PMID: 25665359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are no verified anamnestic sets of questions for assessing restorative treatment need. Finnish conscripts responded to a computer-based questionnaire on oral health during their oral health screening in 2011. This study compared the outcomes of the screening and the questionnaire concerning restorative treatment need with the aim of finding and validating a set of questions with the best association between the two methods. CLINICAL SETTING The study group comprised 8,566 conscripts. Of 50 original questions, 22 questions were chosen for closer analysis. The generalised linear mixed model was used to calculate the OR values (95% CI) for each of these questions, using restorative treatment need at individual level as the response variable. Questions with the best association (Q1-Q10) were selected for the final set; the inclusion criterion was p < 0.05. The area under curve (AUC) value was calculated for the sum function of these 10 questions. RESULTS Among the final set of 10 questions, the OR values varied between 1.12 and 4.61. The AUC value was 0.75. By increasing the number of positive responses to 8 questions, the odds for restorative treatment need were OR 69.27 and increased to infinity with 10 questions. CONCLUSIONS A selected set of questions together with clinical screening, or even alone, can be a valid instrument for screening people for restorative treatment need. The method is particularly useful in large populations. This statistical method might identify appropriate sets of questions for different contexts.
Collapse
|
25
|
Pääkkönen V, Rusanen P, Hagström J, Tjäderhane L. Mature human odontoblasts express virus-recognizing toll-like receptors. Int Endod J 2014; 47:934-41. [PMID: 24372441 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the expression of toll-like receptors (TLR) -3, -7, -8 and -9 as well as interferon receptors alpha and gamma (IFNAR1/IFNAR2 and IFNGR1/IFNGR2), which play important roles in the defence against viruses. METHODOLOGY DNA microarray and quantitative PCR analyses of TLR3, -7, -8 and -9 as well as IFNAR1/IFNAR2 and IFNGR1/IFNGR2 genes in mature native human odontoblasts and pulp were performed. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm TLR8 protein in odontoblasts of healthy and carious human teeth. RESULTS TLR3, -7, -8 and -9 mRNAs were detected both in odontoblasts and in pulp, but TLR8 expression level was higher in the odontoblasts. IFNAR and IFNGR expression was observed in both tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis of healthy teeth revealed positive TLR8 staining in the pre-dentine and the dentine but varying staining patterns in the different portions of tooth. Lighter TLR8 staining was observed in dentine of mildly carious teeth. In teeth with carious lesions extending into the mid-dentine, only very weak staining was detected. CONCLUSIONS The finding of these virus-recognition-related genes in odontoblasts strengthens the view that odontoblasts participate in the immune response of the dentine-pulp complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Pääkkönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zarella B, Buzalaf M, Prakki A, Kato M, Filho G, Salo T, Tjäderhane L. Cytotoxicity and protease activity of copolymer extracts containing catechin. Dent Mater 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.08.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
27
|
Akipek S, Seseogullari-Dirihan R, Bala O, Tjäderhane L, Tezvergil-Mutluay A. The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentration on bonding to dentin. Dent Mater 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.08.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
28
|
Vidal C, Tjäderhane L, Scaffa P, Tersariol I, Pashley D, Nader H, Nascimento F, Carrilho M. Abundance of MMPs and Cysteine Cathepsins in Caries-affected Dentin. J Dent Res 2013; 93:269-74. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034513516979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of dentin matrix components within caries dentin has been correlated with the activity of host-derived proteases, such as matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and cysteine cathepsins (CTs). Since this relationship has not been fully established, we hypothesized that the abundance of MMPs and CTs in caries-affected dentin must be higher than in intact dentin. To test this premise, we obtained 5 slices (200 µm) from 5 intact teeth and from 5 caries-affected teeth (1 slice/tooth) and individually incubated them with primary antibodies for CT-B, CT-K, MMP-2, or MMP-9. Negative controls were incubated with pre-immune serum. Specimens were washed and re-incubated with the respective fluorescent secondary antibody. Collagen identification, attained by the autofluorescence capture technique, and protease localization were evaluated by multi-photon confocal microscopy. The images were analyzed with ZEN software, which also quantitatively measured the percentages of collagen and protease distribution in dentin compartments. The abundance of the test enzymes was markedly higher in caries-affected than in intact dentin. CT-B exhibited the highest percentage of co-localization with collagen, followed by MMP-9, MMP-2, and CT-K. The high expression of CTs and MMPs in caries-affected teeth indicates that those host-derived enzymes are intensely involved with caries progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C.M.P. Vidal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Area, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - P.M. Scaffa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Area, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - I.L. Tersariol
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D. Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - H.B. Nader
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F.D. Nascimento
- Biomaterials Research Group and Biotechnology Division, UNIBAN, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M.R. Carrilho
- Biomaterials Research Group and Biotechnology Division, UNIBAN, São Paulo, Brazil
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Takahashi M, Nakajima M, Tagami J, Scheffel D, Carvalho R, Mazzoni A, Cadenaro M, Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Breschi L, Tjäderhane L, Jang S, Tay F, Agee K, Pashley D. The importance of size-exclusion characteristics of type I collagen in bonding to dentin matrices. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:9522-8. [PMID: 23928333 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The mineral phase of dentin is located primarily within collagen fibrils. During development, bone or dentin collagen fibrils are formed first and then water within the fibril is replaced with apatite crystallites. Mineralized collagen contains very little water. During dentin bonding, acid-etching of mineralized dentin solubilizes the mineral crystallites and replaces them with water. During the infiltration phase of dentin bonding, adhesive comonomers are supposed to replace all of the collagen water with adhesive monomers that are then polymerized into copolymers. The authors of a recently published review suggested that dental monomers were too large to enter and displace water from collagen fibrils. If that were true, the endogenous proteases bound to dentin collagen could be responsible for unimpeded collagen degradation that is responsible for the poor durability of resin-dentin bonds. The current work studied the size-exclusion characteristics of dentin collagen, using a gel-filtration-like column chromatography technique, using dentin powder instead of Sephadex. The elution volumes of test molecules, including adhesive monomers, revealed that adhesive monomers smaller than ∼1000 Da can freely diffuse into collagen water, while molecules of 10,000 Da begin to be excluded, and bovine serum albumin (66,000 Da) was fully excluded. These results validate the concept that dental monomers can permeate between collagen molecules during infiltration by etch-and-rinse adhesives in water-saturated matrices.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
The importance of fluoride (F) in preventing dental caries by favorably interfering in the demineralization-remineralization processes is well-established, but its ability to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which could also help to prevent dentin caries, has not been investigated. This study assessed the ability of F to inhibit salivary and purified human gelatinases MMPs-2 and -9. Saliva was collected from 10 healthy individuals. Pooled saliva was centrifuged, and supernatants were incubated for 1 hr at 37°C and subjected to zymography. Sodium fluoride (50-275 ppm F) was added to the incubation buffer. The reversibility of the inhibition of MMPs-2 and -9 by NaF was tested by the addition of NaF (250-5,000 ppm F) to the incubation buffer, after which an additional incubation was performed in the absence of F. F decreased the activities of pro- and active forms of salivary and purified human MMPs in a dose-response manner. Purified gelatinases were completely inhibited by 200 ppm F (IC50 = 100 and 75 ppm F for MMPs-2 and -9, respectively), and salivary MMP-9 by 275 ppm F (IC50 = 200 ppm F). Inhibition was partially reversible at 250-1,500 ppm F, but was irreversible at 5,000 ppm F. This is the first study to describe the ability of NaF to inhibit MMPs completely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Kato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, USP - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sakko M, Moore C, Novak-Frazer L, Rautemaa V, Sorsa T, Hietala P, Järvinen A, Bowyer P, Tjäderhane L, Rautemaa R. 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid is fungicidal for Candida and Aspergillus species. Mycoses 2013; 57:214-21. [PMID: 24125484 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The amino acid derivative 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA) is a nutritional additive used to increase muscle mass. Low levels can be detected in human plasma as a result of leucine metabolism. It has broad antibacterial activity but its efficacy against pathogenic fungi is not known. The aim was to test the efficacy of HICA against Candida and Aspergillus species. Efficacy of HICA against 19 clinical and reference isolates representing five Candida and three Aspergillus species with variable azole antifungal sensitivity profiles was tested using a microdilution method. The concentrations were 18, 36 and 72 mg ml(-1) . Growth was determined spectrophotometrically for Candida isolates and by visual inspection for Aspergillus isolates, viability was tested by culture and impact on morphology by microscopy. HICA of 72 mg ml(-1) was fungicidal against all Candida and Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus terreus isolates. Lower concentrations were fungistatic. Aspergillus flavus was not inhibited by HICA. HICA inhibited hyphal formation in susceptible Candida albicans and A. fumigatus isolates and affected cell wall integrity. In conclusion, HICA has broad antifungal activity against Candida and Aspergillus at concentrations relevant for topical therapy. As a fungicidal agent with broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, it may be useful in the topical treatment of multispecies superficial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sakko
- Finnish Doctoral Program of Oral Sciences, Turku, Finland; Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Odontoblast polarization is based on histological appearance as columnar cells with asymmetric disposition of organelles and plasma membrane domains. However, little is known about the odontoblast plasma membrane organization. We investigated odontoblast membrane polarity using influenza virus hemagglutinin and vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein as model proteins in mature human odontoblast organ culture. We also examined the distribution patterns of aquaporin 4 and 5, which are basolateral and apical proteins in epithelial cells, respectively. Confocal microscopy immunofluorescence and electron microscopy demonstrated that the apical markers located at the surface toward pulp and basolateral markers located at the plasma membrane of odontoblast processes. Therefore, odontoblast plasma membrane polarity was different from that in epithelial cells. Also, certain lectins stained odontoblast processes while others stained the soma, reflecting the different natures of their membrane domains. Strong ZO-1 and weaker claudin expression suggest weak tight junctions in the odontoblasts. TGF-β1 showed a tendency to reinstate the expression of selected TJ genes, indicating that TGF-β1 may control odontoblast cell layer integrity by controlling tight junction protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital, Finland
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
| | - S. Koivumäki
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital, Finland
| | - V. Pääkkönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Y. Soini
- Oulu University Hospital, Finland
- Departments of Pathology, Universities of Oulu and Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - T. Salo
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital, Finland
| | - K. Metsikkö
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - J. Tuukkanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Käkilehto T, Siiskonen J, Vähänikkilä H, Salo S, Tjäderhane L, Anttonen V. Caries experience in primary teeth of four birth cohorts: a practice-based study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2013; 14:59-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-013-0016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
34
|
Kämppi A, Tanner T, Päkkilä J, Patinen P, Järvelin MR, Tjäderhane L, Anttonen V. Geographical distribution of dental caries prevalence and associated factors in young adults in Finland. Caries Res 2013; 47:346-54. [PMID: 23548873 DOI: 10.1159/000346435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral health of the young has been reported to be associated with the place of residence, due to differences in socio-economic status. The results of studies on the effect of fluoride in drinking water on caries prevalence have been contradictory. The main aim of our study was to investigate the geographical distribution of dental caries prevalence in Finland and analyse possible regional, associated factors. Oral health of 13,564 men born between 1990 and 1992 was screened using a method based on criteria of the World Health Organization for epidemiological studies by 15 calibrated dentists in 20/24 garrisons of the Finnish Defence Forces in 2011. Mean DMFT and DT values in provinces were calculated. Multilevel analysis was applied to the data using generalized linear mixed models and a logit link function. The binary outcome variable was the cariological treatment need (yes/no) and the garrison was treated as random effect. Mean DMFT and DT values varied significantly between provinces in Finland. Increased levels of fluoride in drinking water, Swedish as the main language in the municipality, and living in urban areas were protective factors against cariological treatment need. Dentist density did not affect caries prevalence. The geographical distribution of dental caries further supported estimates of the protective effects of high fluoride levels in drinking water, Swedish as the main language in the municipality, as well as living in urban areas. Effect of fluoride on caries prevalence still exists, and association with the socio-economic status was confirmed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kämppi
- Institute of Dentistry, FI–90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Suni J, Vähänikkilä H, Päkkilä J, Tjäderhane L, Larmas M. Review of 36,537 patient records for tooth health and longevity of dental restorations. Caries Res 2013; 47:309-17. [PMID: 23406626 DOI: 10.1159/000346691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop an automatic system for utilizing electronic dental records, a data mining system to extract the diagnostic and treatment codes from the records for an intermediate file and automatic drawing of Kaplan-Meier-type survival curves was first created. Then this intermediate file was analyzed with SAS software for the scientific determination of Kaplan-Meier survival of tooth/surface-specific healthy time and survival of restorations in each permanent tooth, health center, and age cohort and also combined. All patients born in 1985, 1990 or 1995 in 28 health centers in Finland were analyzed. Patients classified as caries-active were those who had caries in any first permanent molar under the age of 8 years, while resistant patients did not have caries in these teeth before 10 years. In the younger age cohorts, a shortening of survival of caries-free teeth was seen. The shortest caries-free survival was seen in mandibular and maxillary molars in the youngest age cohort. Occlusal surfaces of molars determined their caries onsets and proximal caries occurred equally in molars, incisors and premolars, whereas canines or mandibular incisors did not have caries in these age cohorts. Caries-prone subjects had the shortest survival in all their teeth. The median longevity of all restorations was 11.7 years, with great variation between health centers and teeth. Because of the great variation between individual teeth, the tooth-specific approach seems appropriate in both caries epidemiology and material sciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Suni
- Health Center of Vantaa, Vantaa, Finland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sato C, Rodrigues FA, Garcia DM, Vidal CMP, Pashley DH, Tjäderhane L, Carrilho MR, Nascimento FD, Tersariol ILS. Tooth bleaching increases dentinal protease activity. J Dent Res 2012; 92:187-92. [PMID: 23242228 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512470831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidative agent commonly used for dental bleaching procedures. The structural and biochemical responses of enamel, dentin, and pulp tissues to the in vivo bleaching of human (n = 20) premolars were investigated in this study. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to observe enamel nanostructure. The chemical composition of enamel and dentin was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The enzymatic activities of dental cathepsin B and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were monitored with fluorogenic substrates. The amount of collagen in dentin was measured by emission of collagen autofluorescence with confocal fluorescence microscopy. The presence of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in the pulp was evaluated with a fluorogenic 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) probe. Vital bleaching of teeth significantly altered all tested parameters: AFM images revealed a corrosion of surface enamel nanostructure; FTIR analysis showed a loss of carbonate and proteins from enamel and dentin, along with an increase in the proteolytic activity of cathepsin-B and MMPs; and there was a reduction in the autofluorescence of collagen and an increase in both cathepsin-B activity and ROS in pulp tissues. Together, these results indicate that 35% hydrogen peroxide used in clinical bleaching protocols dramatically alters the structural and biochemical properties of dental hard and soft pulp tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Sato
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica, UMC, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tjäderhane L, Vered M, Pääkkönen V, Peteri A, Mäki JM, Myllyharju J, Dayan D, Salo T. The expression and role of Lysyl oxidase (LOX) in dentinogenesis. Int Endod J 2012. [PMID: 23190333 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To establish whether eliminating Lysyl oxidase (LOX) gene would affect dentine formation. METHODOLOGY Newborn wild-type (wt) and homo- and heterozygous LOX knock-out (Lox(-/-) and Lox(+/-) , respectively) mice were used to study developing tooth morphology and dentine formation. Collagen aggregation in the developing dentine was examined histochemically with picrosirius red (PSR) staining followed by polarized microscopy. Because Lox(-/-) die at birth, adult wt and Lox(+/-) mouse tooth morphologies were examined with FESEM. Human odontoblasts and pulp tissue were used to study the expression of LOX and its isoenzymes with Affymetrix cDNA microarray. RESULTS No differences between Lox(-/-) , Lox(+/-) and wt mice developing tooth morphology were seen by light microscopy. Histochemically, however, teeth in wt mice demonstrated yellow-orange and orange-red polarization colours with PSR staining, indicating thick and more densely packed collagen fibres, whilst in Lox(-/-) and Lox(+/-) mice, most of the polarization colours were green to green-yellow, indicating thinner, less aggregated collagen fibres. Fully developed teeth did not show any differences between Lox(+/-) and wt mice with FESEM. Human odontoblasts expressed LOX and three of four of its isoenzymes. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that LOX is not essential in dentinogenesis, even though LOX deletion may affect dentine matrix collagen thickness and packing. The absence of functional LOX may be compensated by LOX isoenzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. leo.Tja¨
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mazzoni A, Scaffa P, Carrilho M, Tjäderhane L, Di Lenarda R, Polimeni A, Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Tay FR, Pashley DH, Breschi L. Effects of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives on dentin MMP-2 and MMP-9. J Dent Res 2012; 92:82-6. [PMID: 23128110 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512467034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Auto-degradation of collagen matrices occurs within hybrid layers created by contemporary dentin bonding systems, by the slow action of host-derived matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This study tested the null hypothesis that there are no differences in the activities of MMP-2 and -9 after treatment with different etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesives. Tested adhesives were: Adper Scotchbond 1XT (3M ESPE), PQ1 (Ultradent), Peak LC (Ultradent), Optibond Solo Plus (Kerr), Prime&Bond NT (Dentsply) (all 2-step etch-and-rinse adhesives), and Adper Easy Bond (3M ESPE), Tri-S (Kuraray), and Xeno-V (Dentsply) (1-step self-etch adhesives). MMP-2 and -9 activities were quantified in adhesive-treated dentin powder by means of an activity assay and gelatin zymography. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were found after treatment with all of the simplified etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives; however, the activation was adhesive-dependent. It is concluded that all two-step etch-and-rinse and the one-step self-etch adhesives tested can activate endogenous MMP-2 and MMP-9 in human dentin. These results support the role of endogenous MMPs in the degradation of hybrid layers created by these adhesives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Mazzoni
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Dental Sciences and Biomaterials, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Mutluay M, Seseogullari-Dirihan R, Agee KA, Key WO, Scheffel DLS, Breschi L, Mazzoni A, Tjäderhane L, Nishitani Y, Tay FR, Pashley DH. Effect of phosphoric acid on the degradation of human dentin matrix. J Dent Res 2012; 92:87-91. [PMID: 23103634 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512466264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined if dentin proteases are denatured by phosphoric acid (PA) used in etch-and-rinse dentin adhesives. Dentin beams were completely demineralized with EDTA for 30 days. We "acid-etched" experimental groups by exposing the demineralized dentin beams to 1, 10, or 37 mass% PA for 15 sec or 15 min. Control beams were not exposed to PA but were incubated in simulated body fluid for 3 days to assay their total endogenous telopeptidase activity, by their ability to solubilize C-terminal crosslinked telopeptides ICTP and CTX from insoluble dentin collagen. Control beams released 6.1 ± 0.8 ng ICTP and 0.6 ± 0.1 ng CTX/mg dry-wt/3 days. Positive control beams pre-incubated in p-aminophenylmercuric acetate, a compound known to activate proMMPs, released about the same amount of ICTP peptides, but released significantly less CTX. Beams immersed in 1, 10, or 37 mass% PA for 15 sec or 15 min released amounts of ICTP and CTX similar to that released by the controls (p > 0.05). Beams incubated in galardin, an MMP inhibitor, or E-64, a cathepsin inhibitor, blocked most of the release of ICTP and CTX, respectively. It is concluded that PA does not denature endogenous MMP and cathepsin activities of dentin matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Tezvergil-Mutluay
- Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sakko M, Tjäderhane L, Sorsa T, Hietala P, Järvinen A, Bowyer P, Rautemaa R. 2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA): a new potential topical antibacterial agent. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2012; 39:539-40. [PMID: 22483561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
41
|
Mazzoni A, Nascimento FD, Carrilho M, Tersariol I, Papa V, Tjäderhane L, Di Lenarda R, Tay FR, Pashley DH, Breschi L. MMP activity in the hybrid layer detected with in situ zymography. J Dent Res 2012; 91:467-72. [PMID: 22354448 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512439210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentinal proteases are believed to play an important role in the degradation of hybrid layers (HL). This study investigated the HL gelatinolytic activity by in situ zymography and functional enzyme activity assay. The hypotheses were that HLs created by an etch-and-rinse adhesive exhibit active gelatinolytic activity, and MMP-2 and -9 activities in dentin increase during adhesive procedures. Etched-dentin specimens were bonded with Adper Scotchbond 1XT and restored with composite. Adhesive/dentin interface slices were placed on microscope slides, covered with fluorescein-conjugated gelatin, and observed with a multi-photon confocal microscope after 24 hrs. Human dentin powder aliquots were prepared and assigned to the following treatments: A, untreated; B, etched with 10% phosphoric acid; or C, etched with 10% phosphoric acid and mixed with Scotchbond 1XT. The MMP-2 and -9 activities of extracts of dentin powder were measured with functional enzyme assays. Intense and continuous enzyme activity was detected at the bottom of the HL, while that activity was more irregular in the upper HL. Both acid-etching and subsequent adhesive application significantly increased MMP-2 and -9 activities (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate, for the first time, intrinsic MMP activity in the HL, and intense activation of matrix-bound MMP activity with both etching and adhesive application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Mazzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Dental Sciences and Biomaterials, University of Trieste, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Scaffa P, Vidal C, Barros N, Gesteira T, Carmona A, Breschi L, Pashley D, Tjäderhane L, Tersariol I, Nascimento F, Carrilho M. Chlorhexidine Inhibits the Activity of Dental Cysteine Cathepsins. J Dent Res 2012; 91:420-5. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034511435329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-expression of MMPs and cysteine cathepsins in the human dentin-pulp complex indicates that both classes of enzymes can contribute to the endogenous proteolytic activity of dentin. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is an efficient inhibitor of MMP activity. This study investigated whether CHX could also inhibit cysteine cathepsins present in dentin. The inhibitory profile of CHX on the activity of dentin-extracted and recombinant cysteine cathepsins (B, K, and L) was monitored in fluorogenic substrates. The rate of substrate hydrolysis was spectrofluorimetrically measured, and inhibitory constants were calculated. Molecular docking was performed to predict the binding affinity between CHX and cysteine cathepsins. The results showed that CHX inhibited the proteolytic activity of dentin-extracted cysteine cathepsins in a dose-dependent manner. The proteolytic activity of human recombinant cathepsins was also inhibited by CHX. Molecular docking analysis suggested that CHX strongly interacts with the subsites S2 to S2′ of cysteine cathepsins B, K, and L in a very similar manner. Taken together, these results clearly showed that CHX is a potent inhibitor of the cysteine cathepsins-proteolytic enzymes present in the dentin-pulp complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P.M.C. Scaffa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - C.M.P. Vidal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - N. Barros
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T.F. Gesteira
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A.K. Carmona
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L. Breschi
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Trieste, and IGM-CNR and Unit of Bologna c/o IOR, Bologna, Italy
| | - D.H. Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - I.L.S. Tersariol
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - F.D. Nascimento
- Biomaterials Research Group, Bandeirante University of São Paulo, Rua Maria Cândida, 1813, 6 andar, São Paulo, 02071-013, Brazil
| | - M.R. Carrilho
- Biomaterials Research Group, Bandeirante University of São Paulo, Rua Maria Cândida, 1813, 6 andar, São Paulo, 02071-013, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bianchi L, Basso F, Carrilho M, Tjäderhane L, De Souza Costa C, Hebling J. Effects of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on odontoblast-like cells activity. Dent Mater 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
44
|
Cova A, Breschi L, Nato F, Ruggeri A, Carrilho M, Tjäderhane L, Prati C, Di Lenarda R, Tay F, Pashley D, Mazzoni A. Effect of UVA-activated riboflavin on dentin bonding. J Dent Res 2011; 90:1439-45. [PMID: 21940521 PMCID: PMC3215759 DOI: 10.1177/0022034511423397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 08/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported collagen cross-linking after exposure to riboflavin followed by ultraviolet-A (UVA) exposure. This study is the first to investigate the effect of a riboflavin-containing primer on adhesive interface stability and dentinal matrix metalloproteinase activity. Human dentin was etched with 35% phosphoric acid, treated with 0.1% riboflavin, exposed to UVA for 2 min, and bonded with a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive. Adhesive was applied to control specimens without riboflavin/UVA. Specimens were subjected to microtensile bond strength tests and pulled to failure after storage for 24 hrs, 6 mos, or 1 yr. Interfacial nanoleakage was evaluated by light and transmission electron microscopy. To investigate dentinal matrix metalloproteinase activity, we performed correlative zymographic assays on protein extracts obtained from phosphoric-acid-etched dentin powder with or without riboflavin/UVA treatment and XP Bond. Ultraviolet-activated riboflavin treatment increased the immediate bond strength to dentin at all aging intervals (p < 0.05 vs. control) and decreased interfacial nanoleakage in aged specimens (1 yr; p < 0.05). Zymograms revealed that riboflavin/UVA pre-treatment inhibited dentinal matrix metalloproteinase activity (especially MMP-9). In conclusion, dentinal collagen cross-linking induced by riboflavin/UVA increased immediate bond strength, stabilized the adhesive interface, and inhibited dentin matrix metalloproteinases, thereby increasing the durability of resin-dentin bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Cova
- Department of SAU&FAL, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 48, 40100 Bologna, Italy
| | - L. Breschi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Dental Sciences and Biomaterials, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- IGM, Unit of Bologna, C.N.R.-IOR, Bologna, Italy
| | - F. Nato
- Department of SAU&FAL, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 48, 40100 Bologna, Italy
- Department of STeVA, University “Carlo Bo”, Urbino, Italy
| | - A. Ruggeri
- Department of SAU&FAL, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 48, 40100 Bologna, Italy
| | - M. Carrilho
- Biomaterials Research Group, Bandeirante University of São Paulo – UNIBAN, Brazil
| | - L. Tjäderhane
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - C. Prati
- Department of Dental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R. Di Lenarda
- Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Dental Sciences and Biomaterials, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - F.R. Tay
- Department of Endodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - D.H. Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - A. Mazzoni
- Department of SAU&FAL, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 48, 40100 Bologna, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Biology & Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration–Ramses Laboratory, c/o Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hernández M, Gamonal J, Salo T, Tervahartiala T, Hukkanen M, Tjäderhane L, Sorsa T. Reduced expression of lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced experimental periodontitis in matrix metalloproteinase-8 null mice. J Periodontal Res 2011; 46:58-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01310.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
|
46
|
Nascimento FD, Minciotti CL, Geraldeli S, Carrilho MR, Pashley DH, Tay FR, Nader HB, Salo T, Tjäderhane L, Tersariol ILS. Cysteine cathepsins in human carious dentin. J Dent Res 2011; 90:506-11. [PMID: 21248362 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510391906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important in dentinal caries, and analysis of recent data demonstrates the presence of other collagen-degrading enzymes, cysteine cathepsins, in human dentin. This study aimed to examine the presence, source, and activity of cysteine cathepsins in human caries. Cathepsin B was detected with immunostaining. Saliva and dentin cysteine cathepsin and MMP activities on caries lesions were analyzed spectrofluorometrically. Immunostaining demonstrated stronger cathepsins B in carious than in healthy dentin. In carious dentin, cysteine cathepsin activity increased with increasing depth and age in chronic lesions, but decreased with age in active lesions. MMP activity decreased with age in both active and chronic lesions. Salivary MMP activities were higher in patients with active than chronic lesions and with increasing lesion depth, while cysteine cathepsin activities showed no differences. The results indicate that, along with MMPs, cysteine cathepsins are important, especially in active and deep caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F D Nascimento
- Grupo de Estudos em Odontologia, Universidade Bandeirante de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Liu Y, Tjäderhane L, Breschi L, Mazzoni A, Li N, Mao J, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Limitations in bonding to dentin and experimental strategies to prevent bond degradation. J Dent Res 2011; 90:953-68. [PMID: 21220360 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510391799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited durability of resin-dentin bonds severely compromises the lifetime of tooth-colored restorations. Bond degradation occurs via hydrolysis of suboptimally polymerized hydrophilic resin components and degradation of water-rich, resin-sparse collagen matrices by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cysteine cathepsins. This review examined data generated over the past three years on five experimental strategies developed by different research groups for extending the longevity of resin-dentin bonds. They include: (1) increasing the degree of conversion and esterase resistance of hydrophilic adhesives; (2) the use of broad-spectrum inhibitors of collagenolytic enzymes, including novel inhibitor functional groups grafted to methacrylate resins monomers to produce anti-MMP adhesives; (3) the use of cross-linking agents for silencing the activities of MMP and cathepsins that irreversibly alter the 3-D structures of their catalytic/allosteric domains; (4) ethanol wet-bonding with hydrophobic resins to completely replace water from the extrafibrillar and intrafibrillar collagen compartments and immobilize the collagenolytic enzymes; and (5) biomimetic remineralization of the water-filled collagen matrix using analogs of matrix proteins to progressively replace water with intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar apatites to exclude exogenous collagenolytic enzymes and fossilize endogenous collagenolytic enzymes. A combination of several of these strategies should result in overcoming the critical barriers to progress currently encountered in dentin bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hankou District, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mazzoni A, Papa V, Carrilho M, Tjäderhane L, Tay F, Pashley D, Breschi L. MMP-2 and -9 activity induced by etch-and-rinse adhesives. Dent Mater 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.08.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
49
|
Pääkkönen V, Tjäderhane L. DMSO inhibits gelatinase activity and dentin collagen degradation. Dent Mater 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.08.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
50
|
Kato M, Hannas A, Leite A, Bolanho A, Zarella B, Santos J, Carrilho M, Tjäderhane L, Buzalaf M. Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Bovine versus Human Dentine. Caries Res 2011; 45:429-34. [DOI: 10.1159/000330525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|