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Liu X, Qian R, Li B, Zhang Y, Han Y. Sono-Catalytic Tooth Whitening and Oral Health Enhancement with Oxygen Vacancies-Enriched Mesoporous TiO 2 Nanospheres: A Nondestructive Approach for Daily Tooth Care. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:6634-6647. [PMID: 39348292 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Tooth discoloration and the breeding of oral microorganisms pose threats to both one's aesthetic appearance and oral health. Clinical whitening agents based on H2O2 with high concentrations are effective in tooth whitening and bacterial elimination but may also cause enamel demineralization, gingival irritation, or cytotoxicity, necessitating professional supervision. Herein, leveraging sono-catalysis effects, a nondestructive and convenient tooth whitening strategy was developed, utilizing oxygen vacancies (OVs)-enriched mesoporous TiO2 nanospheres. The introduction of OVs leads to TiO2 bandgap narrowing, boosting the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by TiO2 under ultrasound treatment. Additionally, through the chemocatalysis effect, the ROS yield can be further augmented by employing OVs-enriched TiO2 in conjunction with an extremely low concentration of H2O2 (1%) during ultrasound treatment. Hence, under ultrasound treatment simulating daily tooth brushing using an electronic toothbrush, the combination of OVs-enriched TiO2 and 1% H2O2 proves to be effective in whitening teeth stained by tea, coffee, and mix juice. Furthermore, the combination of OVs-enriched TiO2 and 1% H2O2 demonstrates potent bacterial-killing and biofilm-eradicating effects under ultrasound treatment within an extremely short duration (5 min). Additionally, given the mesoporous structure, curcumin, serving as an anti-inflammatory agent, can be efficiently loaded into OVs-enriched TiO2 and then controllably released through ultrasound treatment. The curcumin-loaded TiO2 facilitates the transition of macrophages to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, potentially alleviating oral inflammation induced by bacterial infection without showing any biotoxicity. The OVs-enriched TiO2 based sono-catalysis tooth whitening procedure provides the convenience of whitening teeth during daily brushing without requiring professional supervision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Liu
- State-Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Runliu Qian
- State-Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Bo Li
- State-Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yingang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yong Han
- State-Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Afffliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Misilli T, Çarıkçıoğlu B, Deniz Y, Aktaş Ç. The impact of remineralization agents on dental bleaching efficacy and mineral loss in bleached enamel. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12905. [PMID: 36349560 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of remineralization agents on bleaching efficiency, enamel mineral changes, and post-bleaching color stability. A total of 112 enamel-dentin blocks were prepared from bovine teeth. Following initial color measurements, separate treatment regimens were carried out as follows: negative control (no treatment); positive control (bleaching only); bleaching, then NaF; bleaching + NaF (mix); bleaching, then CPP-ACPF; bleaching + CPP-ACPF (mix); bleaching, then nHAP+F; bleaching + nHAP+F (mix). Color measurements were repeated after immersion in distilled water for 7 days, and again after staining with coffee solution for 14 days. The CIELAB-based whiteness index was used to evaluate bleaching efficiency, and the CIEDE2000 color difference formula for color stability. Chemical investigation was performed using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. The experimental groups showed significant increases in whiteness compared to the negative control, and the staining after bleaching did not result in statistically significant differences between the groups. Energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis revealed that bleaching protocols had no impact on elemental levels as well as the ratio of Ca/P. The combined use of bleaching agents with remineralization agents did not affect bleaching effectiveness but also did not provide an additional contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Misilli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Burak Çarıkçıoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Deniz
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Çağatay Aktaş
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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3
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Effect of a Self-Assembly Peptide on Surface Roughness and Hardness of Bleached Enamel. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13020079. [PMID: 35735934 PMCID: PMC9224554 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13020079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
After bleaching, enamel surfaces are damaged, contributing to erosion and tooth sensitivity. Although fluoride is used after bleaching to try and revert alterations, it is not capable of repairing tooth structure. This study compared the effect of a self-assembly peptide (P11-4), with and without fluoride, and sodium fluoride (NaF 2%) on the Knoop microhardness (KHN) and surface roughness (Ra (μm)) of bleached enamel with an in-office bleaching regimen. Enamel blocks of bovine teeth (5 × 5 × 2 mm) with standardized surface hardness were bleached with 35% carbamide peroxide, following the manufacturer’s instructions. The teeth were randomly divided into the following groups (n = 7) according to post-bleaching treatment: no treatment (negative control) (C-); 2% NaF (NaF); Curodont™ Repair (Repair); and Curodont™ Protect (Protect). Specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37 °C. To evaluate the effect of the post-bleaching treatments, KHN and Ra were measured before bleaching (baseline) and 24 h and 7 days after bleaching. Data were submitted to repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05). There were significant interactions between the study factors (p = 0.001). After 7 days, Repair (572.50 ± 79.04) and Protect (583.00 ± 74.76) specimens showed increased surface KHN, with values higher than the NaF (465.50 ± 41.50) and C- (475.22 ± 58.95) baseline values. There was no significant difference in KHN at 24 h among groups (p = 0.587). At 24 h after bleaching, Repair was significantly different from all groups (p < 0.05). Repair showed the lowest Ra (μm) values (0.133 ± 0.035). After seven days, there was no significant difference in Ra values among groups when compared to the baseline. The use of P11-4-based materials after bleaching resulted in the fastest recovery to baseline enamel properties.
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Torres C, Moecke SE, Mafetano A, Cornélio LF, Di Nicoló R, Borges AB. Influence of Viscosity and Thickener on the Effects of Bleaching Gels. Oper Dent 2022; 47:E119-E130. [PMID: 35649221 DOI: 10.2341/20-309-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the influence of the viscosity and kind of thickener of 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels on the tooth (color change, demineralization of enamel, and permeation) and on the gel [reactive oxygen species (ROS), pH, and peroxide concentration]. METHODS AND MATERIALS Two hundred forty specimens were divided into groups of bleaching gels with different thickeners (CAR, carbomer; ASE, alkali swellable emulsion; MSA, modified sulfonic acid polymer; SSP, semisynthetic polysaccharide; PAC, particulate colloids) in three viscosities (low: 50,000 cP; medium: 250,000 cP; high: 1,000,000 cP). Color change (ΔEab), demineralization of enamel by Knoop microhardness (KHN) reduction analysis, and peroxide permeation (PP) were analyzed in the specimens, while pH, peroxide concentration (PC), and ROS were evaluated in the gels. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (α=0.05). RESULTS The higher viscosity gels reduced ΔEab, PP, enamel softening, and ROS in relation to the lower viscosity gels. However, the drop in pH and PC were higher in the more viscous gels. Gels with MSA produced higher ΔEab compared with SSP and ASE. The PP was higher for PAC, and smaller for SSP and CAR. The KHN reduction was higher for CAR and smaller for PAC. The higher pH reduction was seen for ASE and CAR, and the smaller for SSP. The PC reduction was higher for SSP and smaller for CAR. More ROS were observed for MSA and fewer for ASE. CONCLUSIONS Increased gel viscosity was associated with reduced color change, permeation, demineralization of enamel, and ROS, and led to increased peroxide decomposition and pH alteration during the treatment. The kind of thickener significantly interfered with the treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crg Torres
- *Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, DDS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - S E Moecke
- Sabrina Elise Moecke, DDS, MS, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Apvp Mafetano
- Ana Paula Valente Pinho Mafetano, DDS, MS, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - L F Cornélio
- Leticia Fernanda Cornélio, DDS, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - A B Borges
- Alessandra Bühler Borges, DDS, MS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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Karakaya İ, Cengiz-Yanardag E. Effects of Staining Beverages and Office Bleaching Agents on the Optical Characteristics and Surface Topography of Maxillary Incisor Teeth. CYPRUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/cjms.2020.2726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Esteves L, Fagundes TC, Dos Santos PH, da Silva L, de Alcântara S, Cintra L, Briso A. Does the Bleaching Gel Application Site Interfere With the Whitening Result? A Randomized Clinical Trial. Oper Dent 2022; 47:20-30. [PMID: 34979026 DOI: 10.2341/20-236-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the bleaching gel application site on chromatic changes and postoperative sensitivity in teeth. Thirty patients were selected and allocated to three groups (n=10 per group), according to the location of the gel: GI, cervical application; GII, incisal application; and GIII, total facial. The amount and time of application of the 35% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) gel were standardized. Color changes were analyzed by ΔE and Wid (bleaching index), using the values obtained in the readings conducted on a digital spectrophotometer in the cervical (CRs) and incisal regions (IRs) of the teeth. Spontaneous sensitivity was assessed using the questionnaire, and the stimulated sensitivity caused by the thermosensory analysis (TSA). The analysis occurred in five stages: baseline, after the first, second, and third whitening sessions (S), and 14 days after the end of the whitening, using the linear regression statistical model with mixed effects and post-test by orthogonal contrasts (p<0.05). Although the IR was momentarily favored, at the end of the treatment, the restriction of the application site provided results similar to those obtained when the gel was applied over the entire facial surface. Regarding sensitivity, only the GI showed spontaneous sensitivity. In the TSA, GIII had less influence on the threshold of the thermal sensation. It was concluded that the chromatic alteration does not depend on the gel application site. Spontaneous sensitivity is greater when the gel is concentrated in the cervical region (CR), and the teeth remain sensitized by thermal stimuli even after 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lmb Esteves
- Lara Maria Bueno Esteves, DDS, MS student, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T C Fagundes
- Ticiane Cestari Fagundes, DDS, MS, PhD, assistant professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P H Dos Santos
- Paulo Henrique dos Santos, DDS, MS PhD, assistant professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lmav da Silva
- Lívia Maria Alves Valentim da Silva, DDS, MS student, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S de Alcântara
- Sibele de Alcântara, DDS, MS student, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ltâ Cintra
- Luciano Tavares Ângelo Cintra, DDS, MS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alf Briso
- *André Luiz Fraga Briso, DDS, MS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Santana TR, BraganÇa RMFD, Correia ACC, Oliveira IDM, Faria-E-Silva AL. Role of enamel and dentin on color changes after internal bleaching associated or not with external bleaching. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 29:e20200511. [PMID: 33331429 PMCID: PMC7745634 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of the association between external and internal tooth bleaching on color changes in dentin and enamel, individually or recombined, previously stained with triple antibiotic paste (TAP). Methodology Forty enamel-dentin specimens from bovine incisors were separated into ten blocks according to similarity in their whiteness index (WID). Three specimens within each block were stained by dentin exposure to TAP, and the remaining specimen was used as control to estimate color changes. Specimens were sectioned to separate tissues, and dentin and enamel colors were measured individually and after being recombined. Alterations in color (CIEDE2000 - ΔE00) and translucency parameter (TP) resulting from staining were estimated by color difference between stained and control specimens. The contribution of each tissue to the color change (CTCC) was also calculated. Non-sectioned stained specimens were bleached by applying sodium perborate on dentin, associated or not with 35% hydrogen peroxide on enamel. Color changes caused by bleaching procedures were estimated and data were analyzed using the paired t-test or Two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results TAP caused more pronounced changes in dentin, but enamel color was also affected. Both protocols presented a similar ΔE00, and dentin showed the greater color change. After exposure to TAP, we observed a reduction in WID; WID values were the same for bleached and control specimens regardless of protocol. We found no significant effect of substrate and bleaching technique on TP. Enamel played a more critical role in color changes caused by either staining or bleaching procedures. Conclusion Enamel color played a greater role on tooth color changes than dentin. External and internal bleaching association did not improve bleaching effect on specimens stained with TAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauan Rosa Santana
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brasil
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de Melo Oliveira I, Santana TR, Correia ACC, Fontes LS, Griza S, Faria-E-Silva AL. Color heterogeneity and individual color changes in dentin and enamel bleached in the presence of a metallic orthodontic bracket. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 33:262-268. [PMID: 32955789 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This in-vitro study evaluated the color changes in enamel and dentin bleached in the presence of an orthodontic bracket, as well as the heterogeneity of the color and contribution of each tissue to the color change (CTCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Enamel-dentin specimens from extracted bovine teeth were bleached before or after bracket removal or maintained without any treatment (control). The colors of the dentin and enamel were measured individually and after recombining these substrates. The changes in the color (ΔE00 ) and whitening index (ΔWID) were estimated by the color difference between the bleached specimens and those of the control. The CTCC was also calculated by recombining the tissues from different treatments. Images of specimens obtained from a stereomicroscope were used to analyze the color homogeneity within each tissue. RESULTS The highest values of ΔE00 and ΔWID were observed in the specimens bleached in the absence of a bracket. Bleaching in the presence of a bracket resulted in enamel with a center that was whiter than the periphery. Dentin and enamel presented similar CTCC values. CONCLUSIONS Tooth bleaching performed in the presence of a metallic bracket resulted in a reduced bleaching effect and increased color heterogeneity within both tissues. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Tooth bleaching before the orthodontic bracket removal reduces the bleaching effect in both dentin and enamel. Moreover, a heterogeneous color of enamel surface can be observed after tooth bleaching in the presence of a nickel-free metallic orthodontic bracket.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tauan Rosa Santana
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Silva Fontes
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Sandro Griza
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
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Karakaya İ, Özberk T. Optical changes of human dentin after non-vital bleaching and effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on micro-shear bond strength of a self-etch and an etch-and-rinse adhesive system. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:189-196. [PMID: 32577929 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03075-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the optical changes of bleached human dentin and the efficacy of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of two adhesive systems for immediate and delayed applications. Seventy-two human dentin specimens (1 mm) were obtained. Colour measurements of 30 specimens (control and bleaching groups) were made at baseline, after bleaching and a 7-day delay. Differences at colour (ΔE00), translucency (ΔTP00) and whiteness (ΔWID) were calculated by recorded data. Forty-two specimens were used to compare μSBS of a self-etch (Clearfil SE Bond [SE]) and an etch-and-rinse (Prime&Bond NT [PBNT]) adhesive to bleached dentin. Additional to a negative group, six groups were contemplated for each adhesive, considering the time of composite application (immediate, delayed) and whether additional surface treatment by laser (1 W, 2 W) or not. Colour and μSBS data were statistically analysed. For optical analysis, only ΔE00 and ΔWID calculated for the difference between baseline and bleaching were found significantly different for control and bleaching groups. Whiteness of bleached specimens was remarkably decreased after a 7-day delay. Despite immediate applications of SE showing lower μSBS than negative control, delayed applications showed no significant differences except that of the 2 W laser etching. For PBNT, laser etching increased μSBS for both of the immediate and delayed applications, and no significant difference was observed from negative control. Related with the preferred adhesive system, Er,Cr:YSGG laser etching can be an alternative for optimal bond strength of immediate restorations, but the clinicians should always keep in mind that perceived colour and whiteness will change by the passing time which can affect the shade match.
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Affiliation(s)
- İzgen Karakaya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Near East University, Near East Boulevard (Mersin 10, Turkey), 99138, Nicosia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
| | - Tağmaç Özberk
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Near East University, Near East Boulevard (Mersin 10, Turkey), 99138, Nicosia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
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Wang Y, Wen X, Jia Y, Huang M, Wang F, Zhang X, Bai Y, Yuan G, Wang Y. Piezo-catalysis for nondestructive tooth whitening. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1328. [PMID: 32165627 PMCID: PMC7067860 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for a whiter smile has resulted in an increased popularity for tooth whitening procedures. The most classic hydrogen peroxide-based whitening agents are effective, but can lead to enamel demineralization, gingival irritation, or cytotoxicity. Furthermore, these techniques are excessively time-consuming. Here, we report a nondestructive, harmless and convenient tooth whitening strategy based on a piezo-catalysis effect realized by replacement of abrasives traditionally used in toothpaste with piezoelectric particles. Degradation of organic dyes via piezo-catalysis of BaTiO3 (BTO) nanoparticles was performed under ultrasonic vibration to simulate daily tooth brushing. Teeth stained with black tea, blueberry juice, wine or a combination thereof can be notably whitened by the poled BTO turbid liquid after vibration for 3 h. A similar treatment using unpoled or cubic BTO show negligible tooth whitening effect. Furthermore, the BTO nanoparticle-based piezo-catalysis tooth whitening procedure exhibits remarkably less damage to both enamel and biological cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinrong Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanmin Jia
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Communications, 710121, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Device, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, 200234, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Dental Materials, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Yunyang Bai
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaojin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Liang S, Wang M, Wang Y, Jiang T. A Pilot Study About the Effect of Laser-Induced Fluorescence on Color and Translucency of Human Enamel During Tooth Bleaching. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2020; 38:151-159. [PMID: 31934811 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To probe into the effect of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) on color and translucency of human enamel during tooth bleaching. Materials and methods: Twenty enamel slabs were randomly assigned to be whitened by acidic 30% hydrogen peroxide (HP), neutral 30% HP, alkaline 30% HP, and distilled water, respectively, monitored by a colorimeter and Raman spectrometer simultaneously. Afterward, the parameter differences of color, translucency, Raman relative intensity, and LIF intensity between baseline and post-treatment of each bleaching cycle were calculated. Results: The results demonstrated that the three bleaching groups resulted in increasingly prominent whitening outcome over time compared with control group, and no statistical difference was detected between them. Accordingly, the bleaching groups also engendered a same decrease tendency in fluorescence intensity (FI). However, less demineralization effect occurred on the enamel surface in neutral HP group. The correlation analysis further excluded the effect of demineralization on all the optical parameters (p > 0.05). Besides, various degrees of dependency were detected between FI and translucency parameter (TP), masking effect (ME), C*ab, W*, b*. In addition, ΔFI was associated with parameters of ΔC*ab, ΔW*, Δb*, ΔE, Δa*, and ΔME. ΔFI% was correlated with ΔC*ab, Δb*, ΔW*, and ΔE values. Conclusions: Thirty percent HP with different pH values could result in same variation tendency of enamel color, translucency, and FI. Plus, FI showed a strong association with enamel color and translucency alteration, which is promising for future application as a nondestructive testing method to evaluate bleaching effect and might be a novel way to investigate tooth bleaching mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Man Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yining Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Tao Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.,Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
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12
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Carregosa Santana ML, Leal PC, Reis A, Faria-E-Silva AL. Effect of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs for the prevention of bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Dent Assoc 2019; 150:818-829.e4. [PMID: 31446977 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In-office dental bleaching results in a high risk of tooth sensitivity caused by the inflammatory process of the pulpal tissue. In this systematic review, the authors aimed to evaluate the effect of administering anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs for the prevention of tooth sensitivity associated with in-office dental bleaching. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED The authors searched the databases MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for clinical trials. They searched in ClinicalTrials.gov for unpublished trials. The authors included only randomized clinical trials comparing anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs with a placebo and evaluating tooth sensitivity after in-office bleaching. They imposed no restrictions regarding publication dates or languages. RESULTS The authors identified 5,050 studies after the removal of duplicates. They qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed the 11 studies remaining after the title and abstract screening. Nine studies showed a low risk of bias. The authors found no effect of the drugs on the risk (9 studies evaluated this outcome). Using a visual analog scale, the authors identified a similar level of sensitivity evaluated up to 1 hour (10 studies evaluated this outcome) and 24 hours (8 studies evaluated this outcome). They observed similar results using the numeric rate scale (8 and 6 studies used this tool, up to 1 hour and 24 hours respectively). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach showed a high level of evidence for all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The high level of evidence available does not support the administration of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs to prevent tooth sensitivity caused by in-office dental bleaching.
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Perete-de-Freitas CE, Silva PD, Faria-E-Silva AL. Impact of Microabrasion on the Effectiveness of Tooth Bleaching. Braz Dent J 2018; 28:612-617. [PMID: 29215687 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201601494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of prior microabrasion on the teeth color change and tooth bleaching effectiveness. Eight sound molars were mesio-distally sectioned and the halves were randomly allocated to receive enamel microabrasion or non-abrasion (control) in one of surfaces (buccal or lingual), while the remaining surface received the other treatment. The tooth color on baseline was evaluated by spectrophotometer (CieL*a*b system). After the microabrasion procedure, the tooth color was measured again. Following, the specimens were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide for two sessions with one-week interval. The color was re-evaluated 7 days after each section and 30 days after the second session. The effect of enamel microabrasion on color changes was evaluated by paired T-test. Deltas L*, a*, b*, and E were calculated and data submitted to 2-way repeated measure ANOVA followed by Tukey`s test. Paired T-test was also used to assess possible differences on the ultimate color achieved after tooth bleaching. Enamel microabrasion reduced the lightness and increased the redness of specimens. Specimens that received microabrasion presented higher values of ∆L* than control after each bleaching procedure; and higher ∆a* after the 2nd bleaching session. However, the prior enamel microabrasion did not affect the ultimate values of color parameters. Despite enamel microabrasion have modified the tooth color, this procedure did not affect the ultimate results achieved with tooth bleaching using a high-concentrated hydrogen peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Damasceno Silva
- Department of Dentistry, UFSE - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
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Menezes RPD, Silva PD, Leal PC, Faria-e-Silva AL. Impact of 35% Hydrogen Peroxide on Color and Translucency Changes in Enamel and Dentin. Braz Dent J 2018; 29:88-92. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201801553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study evaluated the effects of tooth bleaching with high-concentration of hydrogen peroxide on alterations of translucency parameter (TP) and color of dentin and enamel. The crown of five human molars was sectioned into four slices parallel to buccal surface. The dentin of external slices containing buccal/ lingual enamel was fully removed with diamond bur; while these slices were used to assess alterations on enamel. Alterations on dentin were assessed into the center of internal slices. The color of specimens was measured over white and black backgrounds using a spectrophotometer (CieL*a*b) at baseline, allowing to calculate the TP by difference between the color measured over each background. Specimens were submitted to three 15-min applications of 35% hydrogen peroxide followed by their storage in water for one-week. Afterwards, the color measurements were repeated at both backgrounds. Color (∆L, ∆a, ∆b and ∆E) and translucency (∆TP) changes were calculated and data individually analyzed by T-test (α = 0.05). Influence of hard tissue and assessment time on each color parameter was also analyzed by 2-way repeated measure ANOVA (α = 0.05). Tooth bleaching resulted in increased lightness for the enamel, whereas no alteration on this parameter occurred for dentin. No difference between the tooth hard tissues was observed regards the other color parameters and ∆E. A slightly reduction on TP was observed only for the enamel. In conclusion, 35% hydrogen peroxide caused similar color and translucency changes on dentin and enamel.
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Silva EMD, Maia JNDSMD, Mitraud CG, Russo JDES, Poskus LT, Guimarães JGA. Can whitening toothpastes maintain the optical stability of enamel over time? J Appl Oral Sci 2018; 26:e20160460. [PMID: 29412362 PMCID: PMC5777417 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2016-0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides the effects on the health of individuals, cigarette smoking can also interfere with the appearance of their teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Moreira da Silva
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Laboratório Analítico de Biomateriais Restauradores, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Carine Gnatiuk Mitraud
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Laboratório Analítico de Biomateriais Restauradores, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Juliana do Espírito Santo Russo
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Laboratório Analítico de Biomateriais Restauradores, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Laiza Tatiana Poskus
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Laboratório Analítico de Biomateriais Restauradores, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - José Guilherme Antunes Guimarães
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Laboratório Analítico de Biomateriais Restauradores, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
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16
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Guo YR, Yang X, Feng XW, Sa Y, Wang M, Li P, Jiang T. New Insights into Effects of Aromatic Amino Acids on Hydroxyapatite. J Dent Res 2017; 97:402-408. [PMID: 29130776 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517741274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetics inspired by superstructures and extraordinary properties of teeth have resulted in tooth repair and the generation of novel materials. However, little attention has been paid to tooth color, whose origin remains unknown. Based on recent studies, fluorophores-mainly aromatic amino acids (AAAs) in proteins-might be responsible for tooth color. We synthesized carbonated hydroxyapatite (HA; the mineral phase of teeth) in the presence of different amino acids (AAs; the basic units of protein matrix of teeth) as a simplified model of teeth to explore the color source at the AA level. After measuring the fluorescence and color characteristics of HA-AAs before and after bleaching treatment, we found that only HA, synthesized in the presence of AAAs, exhibited remarkable fluorescence and color property. Furthermore, linearly increased fluorescence intensity and deeper color were observed with an increase in AAA content in HA-AAAs. Similarly, significantly decreased absorbance of HA-AAAs between 250 and 300 nm in ultraviolet spectra, declined fluorescence intensity, and decolored performance of HA-AAAs were observed after bleaching treatment. The results showed that AAAs contributed to the fluorescence and color properties of HA and that hydrogen peroxide might whiten HA-AAAs by oxidizing the benzene ring in AAAs. These findings are of great significance in promoting the synthesis of advanced tooth-colored materials and furthering our understanding of the possible mechanisms of hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, our study shed light on the importance of AAAs and might provide new ideas for investigations of biomineralization and biomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Guo
- 1 The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - X Yang
- 2 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - X W Feng
- 1 The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Sa
- 1 The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,3 Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - M Wang
- 1 The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - P Li
- 1 The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - T Jiang
- 1 The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,3 Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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17
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Gomes YSDL, Alexandrino LD, Alencar CDM, Alves EB, Faial KC, Silva CM. In situ Effect of Nanohydroxyapatite Paste in Enamel Teeth Bleaching. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18:996-1003. [PMID: 29109310 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Evaluate in situ the effect of nanohydroxyapatite paste (nano-HAP) before bleaching with hydrogen peroxide 35% (HP35%) by ion chromatography (IC) Knoop hardness number (KHN) and tristimulus colorimetry (TC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 fragments were obtained from third molars included (3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm) and the specimens were divided into three groups (n = 20): Gas chromatography (CG) (negative control group) = no bleaching; HP35% (positive control group) = HP35% whitening (whiteness HP35%); nano-HAP = application for 10 minutes before bleaching treatment + HP35%. The specimens were fixed to the volunteers' molars. The KHN and TC were measured before and after bleaching. For IC, the dentin layer was removed, leaving the enamel that was crushed, and autoclaved for chemical quantification (calcium, fluorine, and phosphorus). The results of KHN and TC were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test (p < 0.05). RESULTS The HP35% group showed reduction of the Ca, F, and P ions. The initial and final KHN mean of the CG and nano-HAP did not differ statistically; however, the group of HP35% did differ statistically. The mean ΔE of the HP35% and nano-HAP groups did not differ statistically from each other. However, they differed from the CG. CONCLUSION The nano-HAP paste preserved the KHN, promoted the lower loss of Ca and P ions and an increase of F ions when compared with the CG, but did not influence the effectiveness of the bleaching treatment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Nano-HA is a biomaterial that has shown positive results in the prevention of deleterious effects on the enamel by the action of the office bleaching treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larissa D Alexandrino
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | | | - Eliane B Alves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Kelson Cf Faial
- Department of Toxicology, Environment Section (SAMAM) Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil
| | - Cecy M Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Para, Augusto Correa Street No. 1, Guama, Belem, Para, Brazil, Phone: +559132521269 e-mail:
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Pereira Sanchez N, Aleksic A, Dramicanin M, Paravina RD. Whitening-dependent changes of fluorescence of extracted human teeth. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2017; 29:352-355. [PMID: 28734081 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate in vitro the fluorescence properties of extracted human teeth whitened with 40% hydrogen peroxide. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 28 extracted human teeth were pumiced for 1 minute using a low-speed dental handpiece and a disposable rubber cup. Pre-whitening fluorescence measurements (T0), maximum excitation (Exmax ), maximum emission (Emmax ), and maximum intensity (Imax 108 ), were performed using a spectrofluorometer. After T0 measurements, the teeth were whitened using the in-office method with 40% hydrogen peroxide, three times for 20 minutes. The fluorescence parameters were measured under the same conditions 7 and 14 days after bleaching (T1 and T2, respectively). RESULTS Exmax exhibited a broader range 7 days after whitening and decreased after 14 days. The Emmax and Imax 108 displayed a narrower range after whitening. The mean Exmax differed significantly between the time points (F = 20.09. P < .001). The corresponding analysis for the mean Emmax differed significantly between the time points (F = 16.69, P < .001). The same was true for the mean Imax 108 (F = 9.69, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, whitening provoked statistically significant changes in fluorescence of the intact teeth in vitro. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The appearance of human teeth and dental materials and their changes upon aging and exposure to different agents (staining, whitening) is a topic of great relevance to esthetic dentistry. While some appearance parameters, such as color, translucency, and gloss, have been thoroughly studied, fluorescence and its influence on overall tooth appearance is still not well understood, yet it has influenced the development of fluorescence emitting restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Pereira Sanchez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Aleksandar Aleksic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Miroslav Dramicanin
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rade D Paravina
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas
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Ferreira AFM, Perez FMDMR, Limeira Júnior FDA, de Moura MDFL, de Sousa FB. Graded changes in enamel component volumes resulted from a short tooth bleaching procedure. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 65:52-8. [PMID: 26852001 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To test the hypothesis that changes in enamel component volumes (mineral, organic, and water volumes, and permeability) are graded from outer to inner enamel after a short bleaching procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracted unerupted human third molars had half of their crowns bleached (single bleaching session, 3 × 15 min), and tooth shade changes in bleached parts were analyzed with a spectrophotometer. Ground sections were prepared, component volumes and permeability were quantified at histological points located at varying distances from the enamel surface (n=10 points/location), representing conditions before and after bleaching. RESULTS Tooth shade changes were significant (p<0.001; 95% CI=-1/-8; power=99%), and most of the enamel layer was unaffected after bleaching, except at the outer layers. Multiple analysis of covariances revealed that most of the variance of the change in enamel composition after bleaching was explained by the combination of the set of types of component volume (in decreasing order of relevance: mineral loss, organic gain, water gain, and decrease in permeability) with the set of distances from the enamel surface (graded from the enamel surface inward) (canonical R(2)=0.97; p<0.0001; power>99%). CONCLUSIONS Changes in enamel composition after a short bleaching procedure followed a gradient within component volumes (mineral loss>organic gain>water gain>decrease in permeability) and decreased from the enamel surface inward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemisa Fernanda Moura Ferreira
- Master Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Flávia Maria de Moraes Ramos Perez
- Master Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Assis Limeira Júnior
- Department of Morphology, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Mirella de Fátima Liberato de Moura
- Master Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Frederico Barbosa de Sousa
- Master Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil; Department of Morphology, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil.
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Caneppele TMF, Torres CRG, Bresciani E. Analysis of the Color and Fluorescence Alterations of Enamel and Dentin Treated With Hydrogen Peroxide. Braz Dent J 2015; 26:514-8. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201300249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydrogen peroxide whitening on fluorescence and color of bovine enamel and dentin. Twenty five dentin discs and 25 enamel discs, with 6 mm diameter and 1 mm thick, were obtained. Direct fluorescence (spectrofluorophotometry) and color (spectrophotometry) were assessed. After fluorescence and color baseline measurements, specimens were immersed in a 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) solution for 1 h. This procedure was repeated after 7 days. Final fluorescence and color measurements were performed after the second immersion. Chemical characterization of 5 additional specimens was also performed. Data were submitted to repeated analysis of variance and Tukey´s test for fluorescence and unpaired t-test for color and chemical components (p<0.05). Fluorescence decreased significantly in dentin specimens after whitening. Enamel presented lower fluorescence than dentin at baseline, but this parameter did not decrease after whitening. Color changes were observed for both substrates, with significantly greater whitening effect in dentin (ΔE=10.37) (p<0.001). Whitening by hydrogen peroxide induced significant decrease in fluorescence of tooth dentin and promoted significant color changes in dentin and enamel with more accentuated outcomes in dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Ran Kwon
- Department of Operative Dentistry; University of Iowa College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics; Iowa City IA USA
| | - Philip W. Wertz
- Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine; Dows Institute for Dental Research; University of Iowa College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics; Iowa City IA USA
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Alexandrino L, Gomes Y, Alves E, Costi H, Rogez H, Silva C. Effects of a bleaching agent with calcium on bovine enamel. Eur J Dent 2014; 8:320-325. [PMID: 25202210 PMCID: PMC4144128 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.137634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This in vitro study analyzed the effects of a bleaching treatment containing 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) with or without calcium on bovine enamel, using the Knoop hardness number (KHN), tristimulus colorimetry (TC), and scanning electron microscopy. Materials and Methods: Forty-five specimens were randomly divided into groups (n = 5), which included artificial saliva (negative control [NC]), 35% HP (positive control [PC]), and 35% HP Blue Calcium (HP Blue). The specimens were subjected to three bleaching sessions. During the sessions, the specimens were immersed in artificial saliva at 37°C. Before and after bleaching, KHN tests were conducted using a force of 25 gf for 5 s. TC was performed using the CIE-L*a*b* system and readouts were obtained at the following 4 time points: Before the bleaching treatment; after the first session, the second session, and the third session. The specimens were dehydrated and coated with gold, and the photomicrographs were analyzed in a double-blind manner with a LEO microscope. Results: Using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (P < 0.05), a statistically significant difference was identified between the initial and final mean KHNs of the NC and PC groups, while the initial and final mean KHNs were not significantly different in the HP Blue group. The final mean values of ΔE, ΔL, and Δb of the PC and HP Blue groups were significantly higher than the initial values (P < 0.01 for both). The photomicrographs revealed no differences among the groups. Conclusions: Therefore, treatment with HP Blue prevented changes in the KHN without reducing the efficacy of bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Alexandrino
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Eliane Alves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Hilton Costi
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Museum Emilio Goeldi, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Hervé Rogez
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Pará, and Centre for Agro-food Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds, Belem, Para, Brazil
| | - Cecy Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belem, Para, Brazil
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DE MEDEIROS R, DE LIMA T, GOUVEIA C, DE SOUSA F. Water loss at normal enamel histological points during air drying at room temperature. J Microsc 2013; 250:218-27. [DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R.C.G. DE MEDEIROS
- Master Program in Dentistry; Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária; João Pessoa, Paraiba Brazil
| | - T.A.S. DE LIMA
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Biological Image; Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária; João Pessoa, Paraiba Brazil
| | - C.R. GOUVEIA
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Biological Image; Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária; João Pessoa, Paraiba Brazil
| | - F.B. DE SOUSA
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Biological Image; Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária; João Pessoa, Paraiba Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Health Science Center; Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universitária; João Pessoa, Paraiba Brazil
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Eimar H, Siciliano R, Abdallah MN, Nader SA, Amin WM, Martinez PP, Celemin A, Cerruti M, Tamimi F. Hydrogen peroxide whitens teeth by oxidizing the organic structure. J Dent 2012; 40 Suppl 2:e25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Schmeling M, Maia HP, Baratieri LN. Opalescence of bleached teeth. J Dent 2012; 40 Suppl 1:e35-9. [PMID: 22326850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Sa Y, Chen D, Liu Y, Wen W, Xu M, Jiang T, Wang Y. Effects of two in-office bleaching agents with different pH values on enamel surface structure and color: An in situ vs. in vitro study. J Dent 2012; 40 Suppl 1:e26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Li R, Ma X, Liang S, Sa Y, Jiang T, Wang Y. Optical properties of enamel and translucent composites by diffuse reflectance measurements. J Dent 2012; 40 Suppl 1:e40-7. [PMID: 22546264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the optical properties of natural enamel and translucent composites by diffuse reflectance measurements and Kubelka-Munk's theory. METHODS Twenty natural enamel slabs and 80 composite replicas using four brands of translucent composites (Gradia Direct, Venus, Brilliant New line and Beautiful II; n=20) were evaluated at thicknesses of 1.0mm. The spectral distributions of enamel and composites were measured by means of a reflectance spectrophotometer. Optical constants including scattering coefficient (S), absorption coefficient (K), light reflectivity (RI) and infinite optical thickness (X(∞)) were calculated from the spectral reflectance data using Kubelka's equations. Paired t-tests were performed to evaluate the differences of optical constants (S, K, RI and X(∞)) between natural enamel and composites. RESULTS The optical constants S and K decreased with increasing wavelength, while RI and X(∞) increased with increasing wavelength within the visible spectrum. The values of enamel were in the range of the optical constants of these composites within the visible spectrum. However, there were significant differences of optical constants (S, K, RI and X(∞)) between enamel and translucent composites (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The optical constants of translucent composites were not completely consistent with that of natural enamel. In addition, the optical properties of these translucent composites varied with the brands of the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, PR China
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The effects of light on bleaching and tooth sensitivity during in-office vital bleaching: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2012; 40:644-53. [PMID: 22525016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of light on bleaching efficacy and tooth sensitivity during in-office vital bleaching. DATA SOURCES We performed a literature search using Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Central up to September 2011. STUDY SELECTION All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs comparing the light-activated bleaching system with non-activation bleaching system were included. Reports without clinical data concerning bleaching efficacy or tooth sensitivity were excluded. RESULTS Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. A light-activated system produced better immediate bleaching effects than a non-light system when lower concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (15-20% HP) were used (mean difference [MD], -1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [-2.30, -1.26]; P<0.00001). When high concentrations of HP (25-35%) were employed, there was no difference in the immediate bleaching effect (MD, -0.39; 95% CI: [-1.15, 0.37]; P=0.32) or short-term bleaching effect (MD, 0.25; 95% CI: [-0.47, 0.96]; P=0.50) between the light-activated system and the non-light system. However, the light-activated system produced a higher percentage of tooth sensitivity (odds ratio [OR], 3.53; 95% CI: [1.37, 9.10]; P=0.009) than the non-light system during in-office bleaching. CONCLUSIONS Light increases the risk of tooth sensitivity during in-office bleaching, and light may not improve the bleaching effect when high concentrations of HP (25-35%) are employed. Therefore, dentists should use the light-activated system with great caution or avoid its use altogether. Further rigorous studies are, however, needed to explore the advantages of this light-activated system when lower concentrations of HP (15-20%) are used.
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