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Adhershitha AR, Viswambharan P. Effect of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide nanoparticle incorporation on the thermal conductivity of heat-activated polymethylmethacrylate denture base resins: An in vitro experimental study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2024; 24:240-244. [PMID: 38946506 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_575_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim is to determine thermal conduction by heat-activated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) infiltrated with 1 weight% Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and 1 weight% Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles and to compare with that of conventional PMMA. STUDY SETTING AND DESIGN In vitro experimental study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen disc shaped specimens with a thickness of 5 mm and diameter of 50 mm, were fabricated and grouped according to the material used: Group B1 (resin infiltrated with 1 weight% TiO2), Group B2 (resin infiltrated with 1 weight% ZrO2), and Control Group B3 (heat-activated conventional PMMA resin). Disc-shaped specimens were analyzed for thermal conductivity using "modified guarded hot plate apparatus" in the thermal lab of the Indian Space Research Organisation. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test was used to compare the arithmetic means of all three groups. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was noted among all three groups. Group B2 had the maximum thermal conductivity, followed by Group B1. Thermal conductivity was the least for Group B3. A post hoc comparison revealed that the difference was significant between Group B2 and Group B3. CONCLUSION Nano ZrO2 addition in PMMA increased its thermal conductivity. There is evidence that it improves its mechanical properties as well. Hence, Nano ZrO2 addition in PMMA is highly recommended. Nano TiO2 addition in PMMA did not provide any significant advantage in terms of thermal conductivity, but its addition in PMMA is justified because of its mechanical and antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Adhershitha
- Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
- Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Alappuzha, Kerala, India
| | - Prasanth Viswambharan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Alappuzha, Kerala, India
- Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Yıldırım M, Aykent F, Özdoğan MS. Comparison of fracture strength, surface hardness, and color stain of conventionally fabricated, 3D printed, and CAD-CAM milled interim prosthodontic materials after thermocycling. J Adv Prosthodont 2024; 16:115-125. [PMID: 38694194 PMCID: PMC11058348 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2024.16.2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the fracture resistance, surface hardness, and color stain of 3D printed, CAD-CAM milled, and conventional interim materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 80 specimens were fabricated from auto polymerizing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), bis-acryl composite resin, CAD-CAM polymethyl methacrylate resin (milled), and 3D printed composite resin (printed) (n = 20). Forty of them were crown-shaped, on which fracture strength test was performed (n = 10). The others were disc-shaped specimens (10 mm × 2 mm) and divided into two groups for surface hardness and color stainability tests before and after thermal cycling in coffee solution (n = 10). Color parameters were measured with a spectrophotometer before and after each storage period, and color differences (CIEDE2000 [DE00]) were calculated. The distribution of variables was measured with the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey HSD, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U tests were used in the analysis of quantitative independent data. Paired sample t-test was used in the analysis of dependent quantitative data (P < .05). RESULTS The highest crown fracture resistance values were determined for the 3D printed composite resin (P < .05), and the lowest were observed in the bis-acryl composite resin (P < .05). Before and after thermal cycling, increase in mean hardness values were observed only in 3D printed composite resin (P < .05) and the highest ΔE00 value were observed in PMMA resin for all materials (P < .05). CONCLUSION 3D printing and CAD-CAM milled interim materials showed better fracture strength. After the coffee thermal cycle, the highest surface hardness value was again found in 3D printing and CAD-CAM milled interim samples and the color change of the bis-acryl resin-based samples and the additive production technique was higher than the PMMA resin and CAD-CAM milled resin samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Yıldırım
- Duaçınarı Oral and Tooth Health Hospital Bursa, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Filiz Aykent
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mahmut Sertaç Özdoğan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Juntavee N, Juntavee A, Srisontisuk S. Color Appearance of Various Provisional Restorative Materials for Rehabilitation Upon Aging. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:1263-1274. [PMID: 36630984 PMCID: PMC10756826 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Color stability of provisional restoration is crucial for full mouth reconstruction, which is probably influenced by aging. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of aging on the color appearance of different provisional materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rectangular specimens (10 × 10 × 2 mm) were fabricated from computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) (Vita CAD-Temp [VC], TelioCAD [TC], artBloc [RC]), autopolymerized (ProtempIV [PA], Luxatemp [LA], UnifastTrad [UA]), and heat-polymerized polymer (Major C&B [MH]). Each was divided into aging (AG, 5,000 thermocycles of 5°/55°C) and non-aging group (n = 21/group). Color parameters were determined using a spectrophotometer through the CIELAB system. The L*, a*, and b* data were calculated for color appearance (∆E), translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), and opalescence parameter (OP) for each. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS An analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were determined for a significant difference in color appearance alteration of materials upon aging (α = 0.05). RESULTS Statistically significant differences of L*, a*, b*, ∆E, TP, CR, and OP due to the effect of types of material (p < 0.05), aging effect (p < 0.05), and their interactions (p < 0.05) were indicated. Aging affects the color appearance, lightness, chromaticity, translucency, contrast, and opalescence of various types of provisional materials. Color appearance alteration of provisional materials was significantly indicated upon aging (p < 0.05) but within the perceivable limit of clinical acceptance (∆E diff < 3.0), except for PA and MH. Color stability of CAD-CAM-based poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and autopolymerized PMMA upon aging were better than bis-acryl resin and heat-polymerized PMMA. The TP, CR, and OP alterations of tested materials upon aging were within the perceivable limit. CONCLUSION Color appearance of provisional restorative materials was influenced by aging. The CAD-CAM-based PMMA and autopolymerized PMMA materials showed better color stability than bis-acryl provisional resin and heat-polymerized PMMA upon aging. Therefore, they were suggested as provisional materials for oral rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niwut Juntavee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Apa Juntavee
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supichaya Srisontisuk
- Division of Biomaterials and Prosthodontics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Duymus ZY, Aydiner SF, Yanikoglu N. The effect of different staining solutions on the color stability of temporary crown materials. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:234-239. [PMID: 36876614 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_659_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The esthetic expectations of patients are increasing by the day. That is why it is important to minimize the color changes in the oral cavity in both the temporary and permanent restorations. Aim This study was carried out to compare the time-dependent color changes of polished and unpolished temporary crown materials prepared by different methods in various solutions. Materials and Methods Half of the two different temporary restoration materials prepared with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 2 mm were polished, and half were not polished. The ΔE* values of the samples kept in various solutions were recorded. Data were statistically evaluated by using variance analysis (ANOVA) and a Tukey HSD multiple comparison test. Results It was determined that the material type, the solution, the interaction between the material types and the surface treatment, and the interaction between the surface treatment and the solution were statistically significant for color change (p < 0.001). Conclusion The most significant color change in the inter-material evaluation was observed in chemically polymerized polymethyl methacrylate. In the evaluation between beverages, the highest color change was found in sugared coffee, and the lesser color change was observed in polished samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yesil Duymus
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - S Findik Aydiner
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - N Yanikoglu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey
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De Angelis F, Vadini M, Buonvivere M, Valerio A, Di Cosola M, Piattelli A, Biferi V, D’Arcangelo C. In Vitro Mechanical Properties of a Novel Graphene-Reinforced PMMA-Based Dental Restorative Material. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030622. [PMID: 36771922 PMCID: PMC9919729 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that the incorporation of graphene in resin-based dental materials might enhance their mechanical properties and even decrease their degree of contraction during polymerization. The present study aimed at comparing the three-point flexural strength (FS), the compressive strength (CS), and the Vickers hardness (VH) of a CAD/CAM poly-methylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based resin, a recently introduced graphene-reinforced CAD/CAM PMMA-based resin (G-PMMA), and a conventional dental bis-acryl composite resin (BACR). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were detected among the materials in terms of flexural strength. On the other hand, a mean flexural modulus value of 9920.1 MPa was recorded in BACR group, significantly higher compared to the flexural modulus detected for G-PMMA (2670.2 MPa) and for conventional PMMA (2505.3) (p < 0.05). In terms of compressive modulus (MPa) and compressive strength (MPa), BACR was significantly stiffer than PMMA and G-PMMA. Concerning VH measurements, a significantly increased hardness emerged comparing the BACR group (VH 98.19) to both PMMA and G-PMMA groups (VH 34.16 and 34.26, respectively). Based on the finding of the present study, the graphene-reinforced (PMMA)-based polymer herein tested was not superior to the conventional PMMA and seemed not able to be considered as an alternative material for permanent restorations, at least in terms of hardness and mechanical response to compressive stress. More research on the mechanical/biological properties of G-PMMAs (and on graphene as a filler) seems still necessary to better clarify their potential as dental restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Angelis
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)85-4549652
| | - Mirco Vadini
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Buonvivere
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Valerio
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Di Cosola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- School of Dentistry, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Biferi
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Camillo D’Arcangelo
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Köroğlu A, Şahin O, Küçükekenci AS, Dede DÖ, Yıldırım H, Yilmaz B. Influences of Toothbrushing and Different Toothpastes on the Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Interim Prosthodontic Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15175831. [PMID: 36079211 PMCID: PMC9457516 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The surface properties and color stability of interim crown materials may vary depending on the toothbrushing procedure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of toothbrushing and different toothpastes on the surface roughness (Ra) and color stability of different interim crown materials. Disc-shaped specimens were prepared from four interim crown materials (Tab 2000 (ChPM), Imident (LaPM), Protemp 4 (ChDM), and Telio-CAD (CadPM)). Specimens were divided into four subgroups for the control group (Cnt) and for simulated toothbrushing with distilled water (Dw) or with two different toothpastes (whitening toothpaste (WTp), activated charcoal toothpaste (ACTp)). The specimens’ Ra values were measured before and after 10,000 cycles of toothbrushing. The color parameters were measured and the color differences (ΔE00) were calculated. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s HSD tests. A significant increase in the Ra values was observed after toothbrushing, except for the LaPM_Dw, ChDM_Dw, and all the CadPM specimens (p < 0.05). Toothbrushing with toothpastes increased the ΔE00 values of all ChPM and ChDM interim materials (p < 0.05). Before and after all toothbrushing procedures, the CadPM specimens had smoother and ChPM specimens had rougher surfaces than the other interim materials. The two tested toothpastes had similar effects on the Ra of all interim materials. Non-perceivable color changes were seen only with the CadPM_Dw group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Köroğlu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak 67600, Turkey
| | - Onur Şahin
- Department of Prosthodontics, DCT Clinic, Antalya 07000, Turkey
| | | | - Doğu Ömür Dede
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu 52200, Turkey
| | - Hüsniye Yıldırım
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri 38100, Turkey
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence:
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Color Stability Determination of CAD/CAM Milled and 3D Printed Acrylic Resins for Denture Bases: A Narrative Review. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs6070201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to review the available literature on the different methods for color stability determination of CAD/CAM milled and 3D printed resins for denture bases. The methodology included applying a search strategy, defining inclusion and exclusion criteria and selecting studies to summarize the results. Searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were performed independently by three reviewers to gather the literature published between 1998 and 2022. A total of 186 titles were obtained from the electronic database, and the application of exclusion criteria resulted in the identification of 66 articles pertaining to the different methods for color stability determination of CAD/CAM acrylic resins for denture bases. Color change in dental materials is clinically very important for the dental operator, as it determines the clinical serviceability of the material. Discoloration of the denture bases can be evaluated with various instruments and methods. Dental resins may undergo color changes over time due to intrinsic and/or extrinsic factors. The extrinsic factors are considered the more frequent causes of color changes. According to a number of studies, CAD/CAM fabricated acrylics have achieved better color stability than the conventional PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) resins.
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Evaluation of Smart Chromatic Technology for a Single-Shade Dental Polymer Resin: An In Vitro Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the color matching ability and color stability of a single-shade resin-based composite (Omnichroma—OM) in comparison to a conventional dental composite. One hundred and sixty lower molar acrylic teeth in four different shades (B1, B2, A3, and C3) were prepared with class I cavities. Eighty teeth were divided into two groups based on the two resin composite materials (OM and Filtek Z-350 (FT)) for cavity restoration. Three groups were included in the color matching assessment, namely Gp 1-FT, Gp 2-OM-light cured (C), and Gp 3-OM-uncured (UC) groups. The color assessment was performed prior to cavity restoration and after cavity filling and before and after light curing to detect color matching. The 80 remaining teeth were restored with OM (n = 40) and FT (n = 40); half (n = 40) were submerged in coffee and the other half (n = 40) were submerged in cola for 2 weeks. The color stability was assessed by calculating material color (spectrophotometry) changes (∆E) before and after staining in immersion medium. The means and standard deviations of the ∆E values relating to color matching and color stability (stain resistance) among the study groups were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. FT showed significantly better color matching (lower ΔE) in comparison to OM-UC specimens for shades B1, B2, and A3 (p < 0.01). Regarding the color stability in cola, the FT samples showed significantly lower ΔE values (indicating better color stability) compared to OM samples for all four shades (p < 0.01). The ΔE values of OM and FT samples in coffee were comparable (p > 0.01), showing comparable color stability. The color matching ability of the single-shade resin composite (OM) was influenced by the tooth color. The conventional resin composite showed better color matching than the single-shade composite (OM). The color stability of the single-shade resin composite (OM) was dependent on the staining medium. The OM composite showed more compromised color stability than the conventional resin composite in cola and comparable color stability to conventional resin composite in coffee.
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Li GH, Chen S, Grymak A, Waddell JN, Kim JJ, Choi JJE. Fibre-reinforced and repaired PMMA denture base resin: Effect of placement on the flexural strength and load-bearing capacity. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104828. [PMID: 34530303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the effect of placement of glass fibre mesh on the flexural strength and load bearing capacity of repaired polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture base resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 150 heat-polymerised acrylic resin specimens were fabricated with dimensions of 5 × 30 × 50 mm for flexural strength testing. Specimens were divided into 5 groups according to repair width and placement of the fibre mesh. Three groups (n = 90) had a repair width of 20 mm (including the control group), and two groups (n = 60) had a narrower repair width of 16 mm. Fibre mesh was either embedded at the neutral (bottom of the repair area) or tension (top of the repair area) zone of the specimen when subjected to flexural strength testing. Half of the specimens from each group were subjected to artificial ageing by thermocycling (5 °C and 55 °C, 30s dwell time) for 10,000 cycles to stimulate 12 months in vivo. All the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h prior to testing. The flexural strength of the specimen was obtained by three-point bend testing, and data were statistically analysed using ANOVA and post-hoc analysis (SPSS; significance level p < 0.05). Probability of failure was calculated using Weibull analysis. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was used to identify the mode of failure. RESULTS Specimens repaired with the 20 mm fibre mesh placed in the tension zone showed the highest mean flexural strength (101.33 ± 12.66 MPa) with statistical significance (p = 0.05) to the other groups except for the specimens repaired with the 16 mm fibre mesh placed in the tension zone (p = 0.072). The highest Weibull modulus was found in the thermal cycling group of the specimens with 20 mm repair width repaired with the fibre mesh embedded at the neutral zone (10.01). The lowest Weibull modulus was found in the non-thermal cycling group of the control group (3.15). CONCLUSION Placing fibre mesh in the tension zone of a PMMA specimen significantly improved the flexural strength of the repair. Placing the fibre mesh in the neutral zone or the fibre mesh width was short of the lower support rollers resulted in no significant increase in flexural strength compared to the non-reinforced control group. Ageing via thermal cycling resulted in a decrease in flexural strength across all sample groups. This study highlights the importance of recognising the valid repair region and to have the mesh embedded in certain dimensions, otherwise it will have no significant contribution towards the repair and increase of flexural strength of the denture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gray Hun Li
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Shiyao Chen
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Anastasiia Grymak
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - John Neil Waddell
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | | | - Joanne Jung Eun Choi
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand.
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The effect of surface treatments on the color stability of CAD-CAM interim fixed dental prostheses. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 126:248-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Commar BC, da Silva EVF, Silva CB, Bitencourt SB, Penitente PA, Goiato MC, Dos Santos DM. Alcohol and light-polymerizing glaze effect on the physical and mechanical properties of a bisacrylate composite resin before and after immersion in chlorhexidine gluconate. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 125:832.e1-832.e6. [PMID: 33858660 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The use of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) may damage bisacrylate composite resin interim restorations, but whether they can be protected with an application of alcohol and/or the use of a glaze is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of applying a 70% alcohol solution on the physical and mechanical properties of a bisacrylate composite resin, with and without the application of a light-polymerizing glaze subjected to 0.12% CHX twice a day for 7 days. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty specimens of an autopolymerized bisacrylate composite resin were divided into 4 groups (n=10): Group C (without alcohol, without glaze), Group G (without alcohol, with glaze), Group A (with alcohol, without glaze), and Group AG (with alcohol, with glaze). All specimens were submitted to in vitro treatment with 0.12% CHX for 7 days, and tests of color alteration (ΔE00), microhardness, roughness, and surface were performed initially and after treatment. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey HSD test (α=.05). RESULTS Group A had the lowest mean value of ΔE00 with a significant statistical difference from Group C. The groups with alcohol presented higher microhardness mean values compared with groups without alcohol in both periods of analysis, except for the groups with glaze in the final period. Group C showed higher mean roughness values in comparison with Group A in both periods. Group AG presented higher mean roughness values than Group G. Surface energy values did not vary significantly among groups, except between Groups C and A in the final period. CONCLUSIONS The application of alcohol optimized the properties of the autopolymerized bisacrylate composite resin analyzed, with and without the application of glaze. Overall, the use of CHX changed the microhardness and roughness when the glaze was applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betina Chiarelo Commar
- Graduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emily Vivianne Freitas da Silva
- Post-doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Bruno Silva
- Undergraduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandro Basso Bitencourt
- Graduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Augusto Penitente
- Graduate student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Coelho Goiato
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Micheline Dos Santos
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Influence of Polymeric Restorative Materials on the Stress Distribution in Posterior Fixed Partial Dentures: 3D Finite Element Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050758. [PMID: 33670991 PMCID: PMC7957672 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study evaluated the effect of interim restorative materials (acrylic resin (AR), resin composite (RC) or polyetheretherketone (PEEK) for dental computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)) on the stress distribution of a posterior three-unit fixed partial denture. Methods: The abutment teeth (first molar and first premolar) were modeled using the BioCAD protocol containing 1.5 mm of axial reduction and converging axial walls. A static structural analysis was performed in the computer-aided engineering software, and the Maximum Principal Stress criterion was used to analyze the prosthesis and the cement layers of both abutment teeth. The materials were considered isotropic, linearly elastic, homogeneous and with bonded contacts. An axial load (600 N) was applied to the occlusal surface of the second premolar. Results: Regardless of the restorative material, the region of the prosthetic connectors showed the highest tensile stress magnitude. The highest stress peak was observed with the use of RC (129 MPa) compared to PEEK and AR. For the cement layers, RC showed the lowest values in the occlusal region (7 MPa) and the highest values for the cervical margin (14 MPa) compared to PEEK (21 and 12 MPa) and AR (21 and 13 MPa). Conclusions: Different interim restorative materials for posterior fixed partial dentures present different biomechanical behavior. The use of resin composite can attenuate the stress magnitude on the cement layer, and the use of acrylic resin can attenuate the stress magnitude on the connector region.
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Sulaiman TA, Suliman AA, Mohamed EA, Rodgers B, Altak A, Johnston WM. Optical properties of bisacryl-, composite-, ceramic- resin restorative materials: An aging simulation study. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 33:913-918. [PMID: 32896995 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compare optical properties of a bisacryl-, composite-, and ceramic-resin restorative materials pre and post artificial aging. METHODS Bisacryl-resin (LuxaCrown [LC], DMG), resin-composite (Filtek Supreme Ultra, [Filtek SU] 3M ESPE), and ceramic-resin (Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik) specimens were prepared. The L*, C*ab , and hab values were measured pre and post artificial aging to determine color stability (CIEDE2000) and changes in contrast ratio (CR), transmittance block, and relative translucency parameter. The datasets were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA followed by pairwise comparisons. RESULTS Color difference data showed a significant interaction between materials and treatments [F(6:60) = 375.04, P < .0001] with Enamic being most color stable material and coffee having most effect on color stability. CR data showed a significant interaction between materials and treatments [F(6:60) = 4.12, P = .0016]. LC showing most change in CR values with coffee treatment. Change in transmittance blocked by Filtek SU and LC was greater for coffee treatment than that by each of the other treatments (P < .0001). Filtek SU and LC, coffee produced a greater decrease in relative translucency than that each of the other treatments (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Resin-based materials demonstrate optical properties that encourage their use for direct/indirect restorative options. Color stability and translucency of these materials are proportionally related. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the optical properties of resin-based materials provides help in material selection and provides insight into clinical performance and esthetic longevity. The optical stability of certain bisacryl-resin is better than what was previously determined for these restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiseer A Sulaiman
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Abdulhaq A Suliman
- Restorative Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Esraa A Mohamed
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brandon Rodgers
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ali Altak
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Bitencourt SB, Kanda RY, de Freitas Jorge C, Barão VAR, Sukotjo C, Wee AG, Goiato MC, Pesqueira AA. Long-term stainability of interim prosthetic materials in acidic/staining solutions. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 32:73-80. [PMID: 31709728 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term color stainability, translucency, and contrast ratio (CR) of different resins used to fabricate interim prostheses after immersion in acidic/staining solutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 160 specimens were divided into 16 groups (n = 10) according to the material (heat-polymerized acrylic resin [HPAR], auto-polymerized acrylic resin [APR], nanoparticulated bis-acrylic resin [BR], and prefabricated poly(methyl methacrylate) block for CAD/CAM [CADR]) and immersion solutions (artificial saliva, cola beverage, coffee, and red wine). A spectrophotometer was used before and after each immersion period (7, 14, 28, 90, and 180 days). Color differences (CIEDE2000 and CIELab) were calculated. A three-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni test (α = .05) were used. RESULTS After 180 days, the APR presented the highest value for coffee and the CADR presented the smallest value for the cola (P < .001). For the CR, the highest values were obtained at 180 days for BR in coffee (1.35) and wine (1.18) (P < .001). Higher translucency parameters were obtained in the BR and CADR in the initial, 14, 28, and 90 days (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS From the greatest to the smallest staining potential, the solutions were classified as: wine > coffee > cola beverage > saliva, while for the materials as: APR > BR > HPAR > CADR. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The knowledge of the long-term optical behavior of interim prosthetic materials is important for clinicians to decide which material to use to match the dietary intake of their patients and their esthetic demands. Prefabricated blocks for CAD/CAM systems have been shown to maintaining their optical characteristics even after a long period of immersion in acidic/staining solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro B Bitencourt
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Y Kanda
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline de Freitas Jorge
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alvin G Wee
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Marcelo C Goiato
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldiéris A Pesqueira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Soares IA, Leite PKBDS, Farias OR, Lemos GA, Batista AUD, Montenegro RV. Polishing Methods' Influence on Color Stability and Roughness of 2 Provisional Prosthodontic Materials. J Prosthodont 2019; 28:564-571. [PMID: 30933395 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the roughness and color change of a conventional acrylic resin and a bis-acryl resin, submitted to different types of polishing and exposed to a staining solution. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred specimens were manufactured from an autopolymerizing conventional acrylic resin (Duralay, shade 66) (n = 50) and a bis-acryl resin (Protemp 4, shade A3) (n = 50) according to the manufacturers' instructions. Specimens were subdivided into 10 groups (n = 10), according to the type of resin and polishing method, including no-polishing (control groups for acrylic resin [tungsten bur finishing] and bis-acryl resin [cotton and alcohol]), Enhance System, Edenta kit, Labordental kit, and sandpaper. The specimens were immersed in a staining solution (coffee at 60°C) for 7 days. Surface roughness was evaluated before the first immersion (baseline - Ra1) and after 7 days (Ra2). The color change (∆E) was determined after 24 hours (∆E1) and 7 days (∆E2), by CIE L* a* b* scale. Data were statistically analyzed with 3-way ANOVA for repeated measures test and Tukey test (α = 0.05). RESULTS According to 3-way ANOVA test, material, polishing techniques, and polishing*material factors exhibited statistically significant influence (p < 0.0001) on the roughness, and, for color change, material, polishing techniques, time, polishing*material, and material*time factors were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The polishing techniques successfully reduced the surface roughness of acrylic resin groups, when compared to control (p < 0.001), but for bis-acryl resin, results were not different from the control group (Enhance: p = 0.954, Edenta: p = 0.866, sandpaper: p = 0.366, Labordental: p = 0.945). Surface roughness was not affected by the immersion in staining solution for 7 days. Color change of acrylic resin groups after 24 hours and 7 days of immersion exhibited a clinically acceptable value (ΔE < 3.7) with the exception of the Enhance group, and all bis-acryl resin groups exhibited a clinically unacceptable color change value (ΔE > 3.7) independent of polishing technique and time interval (∆E1 and ∆E2). CONCLUSIONS Roughness of both materials was similar when the polishing techniques studied were performed, although Ra values were superior to the clinically acceptable values (0.20 µm), and were not affected by the immersion protocol studied; however, when esthetics are critical, the selection of material type is more important than the surface treatment technique used, and bis-acryl resin was more susceptible to clinically unacceptable color change after immersion in a staining solution.
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Akay C, Tanış MÇ, Gulverdiyeva M. Coloration of provisional restoration materials: a comparison of the effects of mouth rinses and green tea. Eur Oral Res 2018; 52:20-26. [PMID: 30574595 PMCID: PMC6300121 DOI: 10.26650/eor.2018.35588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to evaluate the color stability of provisional restorative materials stored in different mouth rinses and green tea extract for 14 days. Materials and methods Forty cylinders of fixed provisional restoration material of 15-mm diameter and 2-mm thickness were prepared. The samples were separated into four storage solutions (three different mouth rinses and green tea) (n=10). The values of L*, a*, and b* were determined before and after storage in the solutions using a spectrophotometer, and the ΔE* value was calculated. The effect of mouth rinses and green tea extract on the color change of provisional restoration materials was determined with one-way analyses of variance. The Tamhane multiple comparison analysis was used to determine the differences between the groups (p<0.05). Results The color stability of the provisional restoration materials varies depending on the solution. Listerine mouth rinse showed more color change than Sensodyne or Colgate did. Minimal color change was found in the green tea solution. Conclusion The effect of mouth rinses on the color stability of fixed temporary restorative materials is remarkable. As green tea shows less color change, it can be suggested as an alternative to mouth rinses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Akay
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Treatment, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Merve Çakırbay Tanış
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
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Schwantz JK, Oliveira-Ogliari A, Meereis CT, Leal FB, Ogliari FA, Moraes RR. Characterization of Bis-Acryl Composite Resins for Provisional Restorations. Braz Dent J 2018; 28:354-361. [PMID: 29297557 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201601418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the in vitro performance of the commercial bis-acryl composite resins Systemp C&B II (SYS, Ivoclar Vivadent), Protemp 4 (PT4, 3M ESPE), Structur 2C (ST2, Voco) and ProviPlast (PVP, Biodinamica). Characterization involved optical (color stability, translucency parameter, fluorescence), surface (roughness, morphology and elemental composition), physical-chemical (viscosity, polymerization kinetics) and mechanical analyses (Poisson ratio, biaxial flexural strength, flexural modulus). Most tests were carried out after 24 h, but optical and mechanical analyses were carried out after storage in water at 37 °C for 1, 15, and 30 days. Data were statistically analyzed (a=0.05). Most results were material dependent. SYS and PT4 showed stability in color and translucency over time. All materials had similar or higher fluorescence than human enamel. SC2 and PVP showed rougher surfaces than the other bis-acryl composites. Smaller filler particles were observed on the surface of PT4 and PVP compared with the coarser particles from ST2 and SYS. Viscosity readings indicated a thixotropic behavior for all tested materials. SYS had the lowest and PT4 the highest degree of C=C conversion after 10 min. In the polymerization kinetics, PT4 had the highest maximum polymerization rate and reached earlier the transition between polymerization autoacceleration and autodeceleration. PT4 and SYS had significantly higher flexural strength and modulus than ST2 and PVP for most storage times. Results for Poisson ratio varied between materials. Longer storage periods were generally associated with higher frequency of catastrophic failures in the flexural tests. In conclusion, the performance of bis-acryl composite resins varied largely among materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia K Schwantz
- School of Dentistry, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Oliveira-Ogliari
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine T Meereis
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda B Leal
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabrício A Ogliari
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Engineering Materials School, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael R Moraes
- School of Dentistry, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Dentistry, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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18
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Atay A, Gürdal I, Bozok Çetıntas V, Üşümez A, Cal E. Effects of New Generation All-Ceramic and Provisional Materials on Fibroblast Cells. J Prosthodont 2018; 28:e383-e394. [PMID: 29855127 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of seven new-generation all-ceramic materials for CAD/CAM (Lava Ultimate [LU], VITA Mark II [VM], InCoris TZI [IC], IPS e.max CAD [EM], VITA Suprinity [VS], Cerasmart [CS], IPS Empress CAD [EC]) and six provisional materials (Protemp 4 [PT], Telio CAD [TC], CAD-Temp [CT], Telio Lab [TL], Temdent Classic [TD], Telio CS C&B [TS]) on L929 mouse fibroblast cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS 24 disc-shaped specimens (∅ = 5 mm, h = 2 mm) were prepared from each test material. Medium extracts were collected at the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days for each group and tested using the L929 cell line. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using XTT assay, and apoptosis was determined by Annexin-V/PI staining. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey's multiple comparison tests at a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS The cell viability results among all-ceramic material groups after the 1st and 7th days of incubation periods showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). There were significant differences within the ceramic groups in different incubation periods regarding apoptosis rate (p < 0.05). Throughout the entire test period, LU and VM from the CAD/CAM all-ceramic materials and PT and TC from the provisional restoration materials showed cell viability higher than 90%. EC and TD showed the lowest cell viability and highest apoptosis rates in their own groups. For the provisional materials, there were significant differences in cell viability and apoptosis rate in all the incubation periods for each material (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although some new-generation CAD/CAM and provisional restoration materials display slight cytotoxicity values, the results are still within the reliable range, and they can safely be used in clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Atay
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Işıl Gürdal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Ebru Cal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Alp G, Murat S, Yilmaz B. Comparison of Flexural Strength of Different CAD/CAM PMMA-Based Polymers. J Prosthodont 2018; 28:e491-e495. [PMID: 29377319 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the flexural strength of different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) poly(methyl methacrylate)-based (PMMA) polymers and conventional interim resin materials after thermocycling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rectangular-shaped specimens (n = 15, for each material) (25 × 2 × 2 mm3 ) were fabricated from 3 CAD/CAM PMMA-based polymers (Telio CAD [T]; M-PM-Disc [M]; Polident-PMMA [P]), 1 bis-acrylate composite resin (Protemp 4 [PT]), and 1 conventional PMMA (ArtConcept Artegral Dentine [C]) according to ISO 10477:2004 Standards (Dentistry-Polymer-Based Crown and Bridge Materials). The specimens were subjected to 10,000 thermocycles (5 to 55°C). Three-point flexural strength of the specimens was tested in a universal testing machine at a 1.0 mm/min crosshead speed, and the flexural strength data (σ) were calculated (MPa). The flexural strength values were statistically analyzed using 1-way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD post-hoc test for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05). RESULTS Flexural strength values ranged between 66.1 ± 13.1 and 131.9 ± 19.8 MPa. There were significant differences among the flexural strengths of tested materials, except for between T and P CAD/CAM PMMA-based polymers (p > 0.05). CAD/CAM PMMA-based polymer M had the highest flexural strength and conventional PMMA had the lowest (p < 0.05). CAD/CAM PMMA-based T and P polymers had significantly higher flexural strength than the bis-acrylate composite resin (p < 0.05), and conventional PMMA (p < 0.0001), and significantly lower flexural strength compared to CAD/CAM PMMA-based M (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The flexural strength of CAD/CAM PMMA-based polymers was greater than the flexural strength of bis-acrylate composite resin, which had a greater flexural strength compared to conventional PMMA resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülce Alp
- Department of Prosthodontics, Okan University Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sema Murat
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Division of Restorative Sciences and Prosthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH
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20
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Quek SHQ, Yap AUJ, Rosa V, Tan KBC, Teoh KH. Effect of staining beverages on color and translucency of CAD/CAM composites. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2018; 30:E9-E17. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. H. Q. Quek
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; National Dental Centre Singapore; Singapore
| | - A. U. J. Yap
- Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore Singapore
- Department of Dentistry; Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System; Singapore Singapore
- School of Science and Technology; Singapore University of Social Sciences; Singapore Singapore
| | - V. Rosa
- Discipline of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - K. B. C. Tan
- Discipline of Endodontics, Operative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - K. H. Teoh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; National Dental Centre Singapore; Singapore
- Discipline of Endodontics, Operative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry; National University of Singapore; Singapore
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21
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Wołowiec P, Chojnacka K, Loster BW, Mikulewicz M. Do Dietary Habits Influence Trace Elements Release from Fixed Orthodontic Appliances? Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 180:214-222. [PMID: 28396985 PMCID: PMC5662677 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the effect of dietary habits on the release of Cr and Ni ions from orthodontic appliances by hair mineral analysis. Patients (N = 47) underwent electronic questionnaire survey to investigate the effect of dietary habits on Cr and Ni levels in hair. The research was carried out on hair sampled at the beginning and in the 4th, 8th, and 12th months of the treatment. The content of Cr and Ni in the collected samples was determined by ICP-OES. The study showed that consumption of acidic dietary products may have the effect on increasing the release of Cr and Ni ions from orthodontic appliances. The release of Cr from orthodontic appliances in patients who consumed fruit juice, coffee, yoghurt, and vinegar was higher. The coefficients enabling comparison of metal ions release pattern at a given sampling points were defined. The comparison of the coefficients yielded the information on the possible magnification of metal ions released as the result of the additional factor consumption of acidic food or drink that intensifies metal ions release. The following magnification pattern was found for chromium: coffee (7.57 times) > yoghurt (2.53) > juice (1.86) > vinegar (1.08), and for nickel: vinegar (2.2) > coffee (1.22) > juice (1.05). Yoghurt did not intensify the release of nickel. Concluding, orthodontic patients should avoid drinking/eating coffee, yoghurt, fruit juices, and vinegar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Wołowiec
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, ul. Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, ul. Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej W. Loster
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, ul. Montelupich 4/108, 30-383 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Mikulewicz
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopaedics and Orthodontics, Division of Facial Abnormalities, Medical University of Wrocław, ul. Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland
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Ozel GS, Guneser MB, Inan O, Eldeniz AU. Evaluation of C. Albicans and S. Mutans adherence on different provisional crown materials. J Adv Prosthodont 2017; 9:335-340. [PMID: 29142640 PMCID: PMC5673609 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2017.9.5.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Bacterial adhesion on provisional crown materials retained for a long time can influence the duration for which permanent prosthetic restorations can be healthily worn in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to compare seven different commonly used provisional crown materials with regard to Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans surface adhesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS For each group, twenty specimens of the provisional fixed prosthodontic materials TemDent (Schütz), Imıdent (Imıcryl), Tab 2000 (Kerr), Structur Premium (Voco), Systemp (Ivoclar Vivadent), Acrytemp (Zhermack), and Takilon-BBF (Takilon) were prepared (diameter, 10.0 mm; height, 2.0 mm). Surface roughness was assessed by atomic force microscopy. Each group was then divided into 2 subgroups (n=10) according to the microbial suspensions used: S. mutans and C. albicans. The specimens were incubated at 37℃ with S. mutans or C. albicans for seven days. Bacterial adherence on surfaces was assessed using the 2,3-bis[2-methyloxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay. RESULTS S. mutans showed maximum adhesion to Structur, followed by Systemp, Acrytemp, Takilon, Tab 2000, Imident, and TemDent (P<.05). The highest vital C. albicans adhesion was noted on Takilon, followed by Imident and Tab 2000; the lowest adhesion was noted on Systemp (P<.05). CONCLUSION The materials showed significant differences in the degree of bacterial adhesion. C. albicans showed higher surface adhesion than S. mutans on provisional crown and fixed partial denture denture materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsum Sayin Ozel
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Burak Guneser
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Inan
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayce Unverdi Eldeniz
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Köroğlu A, Sahin O, Dede DÖ, Yilmaz B. Effect of different surface treatment methods on the surface roughness and color stability of interim prosthodontic materials. J Prosthet Dent 2015; 115:447-55. [PMID: 26723092 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The effects of surface sealant agents on the surface roughness and color stability of interim crown materials are unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of different polishing methods on the surface roughness and color stability of 4 interim crown materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 160 specimens were fabricated from 2 poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA; Tab 2000, Dentalon Plus) and 2 bis-acryl (Tempofit, Protemp 4) interim crown materials and divided into 4 groups (n=10) according to applied surface treatment procedures: conventional polishing (control) and 3 surface sealant (Palaseal, Optiglaze, Biscover) coupling methods. Surface roughness (Ra) values were measured with a profilometer. Color parameters were measured with a spectrophotometer before and after staining in coffee. Color differences (CIEDE 2000 [ΔE00]) were calculated. Data were statistically analyzed with 2-way ANOVA and the Tukey honest significant differences test (α=.05). RESULTS The Ra values of Tempofit with Biscover were significantly lower than their control group, Tab 2000 and Dentalon Plus control groups (P<.05). The highest ΔE00 was calculated for Tempofit control (P<.05). The Dentalon Plus control group had significantly higher ΔE00 values than the other groups, except for the Tempofit and Tab 2000 control groups.The Tab 2000 control ΔE00 was significantly higher than the other groups, except for Dentalon Plus with Palaseal and Dentalon Plus with Optiglaze. CONCLUSIONS All specimens had a surface roughness higher than the plaque accumulation threshold (0.20 μm). Smoother surfaces were observed for Tempofit with Biscover when compared with theTempofit control. The color change observed with the Dentalon Plus, Tab 2000, and Tempofit control groups was clinically unacceptable. Nonperceivable color changes were seen with Protemp 4 with Optiglaze, Tempofit with Optiglaze, and Tempofit with Biscover. Perceivable but clinically acceptable color changes were observed when sealants were used for all other test groups and Protemp 4 control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegül Köroğlu
- Assistant Professor, Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Onur Sahin
- Assistant Professor, Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Doğu Ömür Dede
- Assistant Professor, Ordu University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Associate Professor, Division of Restorative Science and Prosthodontics, The Ohio State University, College of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio.
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Mazaro JVQ, Minani LM, Zavanelli AC, Mello CCD, Lemos CAA. Evaluation of color stability of different temporary restorative materials. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIntroductionTemporary restorative materials are widely used, however, little is know about their color stability.Objectiveto evaluate the color stability of the following temporary restorative materials: acrylic and bis-acrylic resins after immersion in pigmenting solutions for different periods of storage.Material and methodFour materials were tested (Dêncor/Clássico, Protemp 4/3M ESPE; Structur 2 SC/Voco; Luxatemp AM Plus/DMG) and 30 test specimens (15 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) per material were fabricated. They were divided according to the storage medium (artificial saliva, saliva + cola type soda, and saliva + coffee) and storage time intervals (2, 5, 7 and 15 days). Color measurements were made before and after immersions, with use of a spectrophotometer, by means of the CIE L*a*b* system. The data were analyzed by the analysis of variance and the Tukey Test, at a level of significance of 5%.ResultAcrylic resin presented greater color stability in comparison with bis-acrylic resins (p<0.001). When bis-acrylic resins were compared no significant difference was observed between the resins Structur and Luxatemp (p=0.767). As regards solutions tested, coffee showed the highest color change values (p<0.001), and the longer the storage time interval, the greater was the color change in all the temporary restorative materials analyzed (p<0.001).ConclusionAcrylic resin presented greater color stability in comparison with bis-acrylic resins (p<0.001). Coffee caused the greatest color change, and immersion time was determinant in color stability of the temporary materials analyzed.
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Guignone BC, Silva LK, Soares RV, Akaki E, Goiato MC, Pithon MM, Oliveira DD. Color stability of ceramic brackets immersed in potentially staining solutions. Dental Press J Orthod 2015; 20:32-8. [PMID: 26352842 PMCID: PMC4593527 DOI: 10.1590/2176-9451.20.4.032-038.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the color stability of five types of ceramic brackets after immersion in potentially staining solutions. METHODS Ninety brackets were divided into 5 groups (n = 18) according to brackets commercial brands and the solutions in which they were immersed (coffee, red wine, coke and artificial saliva). The brackets assessed were Transcend (3M/Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA), Radiance (American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, WI, USA), Mystique (GAC International Inc., Bohemia, NY, USA) and Luxi II (Rocky Mountain Orthodontics, Denver, CO, USA). Chromatic changes were analyzed with the aid of a reflectance spectrophotometer and by visual inspection at five specific time intervals. Assessment periods were as received from the manufacturer (T0), 24 hours (T1), 72 hours (T2), as well as 7 days (T3) and 14 days (T4) of immersion in the aforementioned solutions. Results were submitted to statistical analysis with ANOVA and Bonferroni correction, as well as to a multivariate profile analysis for independent and paired samples with significance level set at 5%. RESULTS The duration of the immersion period influenced color alteration of all tested brackets, even though these changes could not always be visually observed. Different behaviors were observed for each immersion solution; however, brackets immersed in one solution progressed similarly despite minor variations. CONCLUSIONS Staining became more intense over time and all brackets underwent color alterations when immersed in the aforementioned solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Coser Guignone
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | | | | | - Emilio Akaki
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
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Effect of Heat Treatment on the Physical Properties of Provisional Crowns during Polymerization: An in Vitro Study. MATERIALS 2015; 8:1766-1777. [PMID: 28788031 PMCID: PMC5507018 DOI: 10.3390/ma8041766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study concerned the effect of heat treatment during setting on the physical properties of four resin-based provisional restorative materials: Duralay (polymethyl methacrylate), Trim II (polyethyl methacrylate), Luxatemp (bis-acrylic composite), and Protemp 4 (bis-acrylic composite). Specimens were prepared at 23, 37, or 60 °C for evaluation of flexural strength, surface roughness, color change and marginal discrepancy. Flexural strength was determined by a three-point bending test. Surface profile was studied using atomic force microscopy. Color change was evaluated by comparing the color of the materials before and after placement in coffee. A travelling microscope helped prepare standardized crowns for assessment of marginal discrepancy. Flexural strength of all tested materials cured at 23 °C or 37 °C did not significantly change. The surface roughness and marginal discrepancy of the materials increased at 60 °C curing temperature. Marginal discrepancies, color stability, and other physical properties of materials cured at 23 °C or 37 °C did not significantly change. Flexural strength of certain provisional materials cured at 60 °C increased, but there was also an increase in surface roughness and marginal discrepancy.
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The Mechanical Properties of a Poly(methyl methacrylate) Denture Base Material Modified with Dimethyl Itaconate and Di-n-butyl Itaconate. INT J POLYM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/561012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates a wide range of clinically relevant mechanical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base materials modified with di-methyl itaconate (DMI) and di-n-butyl itaconate (DBI) in order to compare them to a commercial PMMA denture base material. The commercial denture base formulation was modified with DMI and DBI by replacing up to 10 wt% of methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer. The specimens were prepared by standard bath curing process. The influence of the itaconate content on hardness, impact strength, tensile, and thermal and dynamic mechanical properties was investigated. It is found that the addition of di-n-alkyl itaconates gives homogenous blends that show decreased glass transition temperature, as well as decrease in storage modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and impact fracture resistance with increase in the itaconate content. The mean values of surface hardness show no significant change with the addition of itaconates. The magnitude of the measured values indicates that the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base material modified with itaconates could be developed into a less toxic, more environmentally and patient friendly product than commercial pure PMMA denture base material.
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Color stability of adhesive resin cements after immersion in coffee. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:309-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sagsoz NP, Yanıkoglu N, Ulu H, Bayındır F. Color Changes of Polyamid and Polymetyhl Methacrylate Denture Base Materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ojst.2014.410066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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