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Uchida DT, Bruschi ML. Pharmaceutical applications and requirements of resins for printing by digital light processing (DLP). Pharm Dev Technol 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38641968 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2024.2345144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The digital light processing (DLP) printer has proven to be effective in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, as its printing method does not induce shear and a strong temperature on the resin. In addition, the DLP printer has good resolution and print quality, which makes it possible to print complex structures with a customized shape, being used for various purposes ranging from jewelry application to biomedical and pharmaceutical areas. The big disadvantage of DLP is the lack of a biocompatible and non-toxic resin on the market. To overcome this limitation, an ideal resin for biomedical and pharmaceutical use is needed. The resin must have appropriate properties, so that the desired format is printed when with a determined wavelength is applied. Thus, the aim of this work is to bring the basic characteristics of the resins used by this printing method and the minimum requirements to start printing by DLP for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. The DLP method has proven to be effective in obtaining pharmaceutical devices such as drug delivery systems. Furthermore, this technology allows the printing of devices of ideal size, shape and dosage, providing the patient with personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Tiemi Uchida
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery Systems, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Marcos Luciano Bruschi
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery Systems, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
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Nowicki A, Osypko K, Kurzawa A, Roszak M, Krawiec K, Pyka D. Mechanical and Material Analysis of 3D-Printed Temporary Materials for Implant Reconstructions-A Pilot Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:870. [PMID: 38672224 PMCID: PMC11048395 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the authors analyzed modern resin materials typically used for temporary reconstructions on implants and manufactured via 3D printing. Three broadly used resins: NextDent Denture 3D, NextDent C&B MFH Bleach, and Graphy TC-80DP were selected for analysis and compared to currently used acrylic materials and ABS-like resin. In order to achieve this, mechanical tests were conducted, starting with the static tensile test PN-EN. After the mechanical tests, analysis of the chemical composition was performed and images of the SEM microstructure were taken. Moreover, numerical simulations were conducted to create numerical models of materials and compare the accuracy with the tensile test. The parameters obtained in the computational environment enabled more than 98% correspondence between numerical and experimental charts, which constitutes an important step towards the further development of numeric methods in dentistry and prosthodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Nowicki
- Diamante Dental Clinic, ul. Sportowa 48A/C, 59-300 Lubin, Poland;
| | - Karolina Osypko
- Dental Salon, Oral Surgery Academy, ul. E. Horbaczewskiego 53A, 54-130 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Kurzawa
- Department of Lightweight Elements Engineering, Foundry and Automation, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Maciej Roszak
- Department of Mechanics, Materials Science and Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.R.); (K.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Karina Krawiec
- Department of Mechanics, Materials Science and Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.R.); (K.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Dariusz Pyka
- Department of Mechanics, Materials Science and Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.R.); (K.K.); (D.P.)
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Jara FM, García-Martínez MDLM, López-Córcoles H, Carrión ME, Zalacain A, Carmona M. Evaluating Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) Germplasm Grown in Spain: Rubber and Resin along Three Production Cycles. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:1092. [PMID: 38674500 PMCID: PMC11054728 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Rubber and resin are potentially important products of guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) that can assure the profitability of this crop as an agricultural alternative for the semi-arid areas of central and eastern Spain. This study analyzes, for the first time, the changes in rubber and resin production across 27 guayule accessions (traditional and modern) and along three cycles under the agroclimatic conditions of Castilla-La Mancha, simulating industrial management with a biannual harvest. The rubber content (% of dry mass) increased from 4.2% in one-year-old plants to 6.6% in two-year-old plants, but decreased after harvesting. Contrastingly, the rubber yield doubled in contiguous sampling, reaching a mean of 303.6 kg ha-1, with a maximum yield of 341.2 kg ha-1 after the first harvest. Three patterns of rubber production were established based on the production periods. A similar analysis was performed for resin production, which was heterogeneous across accessions belonging to the same rubber groups. In this case, three independent groups were established to classify the resin accumulation profiles following the same criteria of production periods. Here, we demonstrate that biannual harvesting has the potential to enhance rubber accumulation in summer, although more research is needed for its adaption to current harvesting techniques in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Miguel Jara
- Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial (ITAP), S.A. Polígono Industrial Campollano, Avenida 2, 42 B, 02007 Albacete, Spain; (F.M.J.); (M.d.l.M.G.-M.); (H.L.-C.)
| | - María de las Mercedes García-Martínez
- Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial (ITAP), S.A. Polígono Industrial Campollano, Avenida 2, 42 B, 02007 Albacete, Spain; (F.M.J.); (M.d.l.M.G.-M.); (H.L.-C.)
- Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, de Montes y Biotecnología (ETSIAMB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. de España s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Horacio López-Córcoles
- Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial (ITAP), S.A. Polígono Industrial Campollano, Avenida 2, 42 B, 02007 Albacete, Spain; (F.M.J.); (M.d.l.M.G.-M.); (H.L.-C.)
| | - María Engracia Carrión
- Food Quality Research Group, Institute for Regional Development (IDR), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Amaya Zalacain
- Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, de Montes y Biotecnología (ETSIAMB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. de España s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Manuel Carmona
- Food Quality Research Group, Institute for Regional Development (IDR), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
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Muchiri RN, Rocha J, Tandon A, Chen YL, Alemani R, Ahmad I, McDonald Z, Lindeblad M, Rubinstein I, van Breemen RB, Feinstein DL. Short-term treatment with cholestyramine increases long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide clearance from rabbits without affecting plasma vitamin K1 levels nor blood coagulation. Toxicol Sci 2024:kfae053. [PMID: 38603617 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Administration of high dose vitamin K1 (VK1) overcomes coagulopathy and bleeding elicited by acute poisoning with long-acting anti-coagulant rodenticides (LAARs). However, long-term (months) treatment is required due to long LAAR biological half-lives that may lead to poor compliance and recurrent coagulopathy. The half-lives of LAARs are extended by slow metabolism, and similar to warfarin, are thought to undergo enterohepatic recirculation. We now show that treatment with the bile acid sequestrant cholestyramine (CSA) administered concomitantly with VK1 decreases plasma LAAR levels and increases LAAR fecal excretion. Daily CSA treatment for 14 days did not reduce plasma VK1 levels, nor increase prothrombin time. Collectively, these data show that CSA accelerates LAAR clearance from rabbits without adverse effects on VK1 anti-coagulation, and could provide an additional therapeutic option for treatment of LAAR poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth N Muchiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Jackie Rocha
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Ankit Tandon
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yongmei Luo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Rebecca Alemani
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Intakhar Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Zachary McDonald
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Matthew Lindeblad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Israel Rubinstein
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Research & Development Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Richard B van Breemen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Douglas L Feinstein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
- Research & Development Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Huang HY, Yang YT, Chuang CC, Shen YK, Chen MH, Lin WC. Evaluation of the clinical application of personalized 3D printing and CAD/CAM resin crowns to replace stainless steel crowns in paediatric dentistry. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024. [PMID: 38570933 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with dental caries are treated with stainless steel metal crowns (SSC), but the aesthetics and precision still need to be improved. Currently, both 3D-printed resin crowns (PRC) and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) resin crowns (CRC) meet the clinical requirements for crown applications in terms of strength, production time, cost, and aesthetics. AIM This study replaced SSC with customized resin crowns by 3D printing and CAD/CAM. DESIGN In this study, PRC, CRC, and SSC were used for incisor and molar restorations, and 60 crowns were made with 10 for each group. The fabrication efficiency, surface characteristics, marginal fit, and stability of the two different crowns were evaluated. RESULTS PRC and CRC show superior color and surface characteristics, though production times are longer (5.3-12.4 times and 3.3-9.1 times, respectively) than for SSC (p < .05). They, however, can be completed within 80 min. Edge gaps for PRC and CRC are significantly lower (13.0-19.2 times and 13.0-13.7 times) than for SSC (p < .05). All materials exhibit good stability. CONCLUSION The 3D-PRCs and CAD/CAM resin crowns may replace SSCs as a potential choice for clinical child caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Yu Huang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chuang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kang Shen
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hsiung Chen
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Lin
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Tooth Bank and Dental Stem Cell Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Perlea P, Stefanescu C, Dalaban M, Petre A. Experimental study on dimensional variations of 3D printed dental models based on printing orientation. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e8630. [PMID: 38449896 PMCID: PMC10914698 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This research investigates the trueness and precision of 3D printing technology in dental applications, specifically focusing on dimensional variations observed in models printed at different angles. The methodology involved importing a dental model into slicing software, adjusting its orientation, and implementing support structures for stability. Subsequently, the model underwent 3D printing five times for each orientation using appropriate equipment and underwent post-processing steps, including cleaning, washing, and UV-light post-curing. The printed models were then scanned using a specialized desktop scanner for further analysis. Accuracy assessment was carried out using dedicated software, employing an algorithm for precise alignment by comparing the scanned files. Color deviation maps were utilized to visually represent variations, aiming to evaluate how positioning during printing influences the trueness and precision of 3D-printed dental models. Trueness and precision analyses involved the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and a one-way ANOVA to compare means of three independent groups, with statistical analyses conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics software. The color maps derived from 3D comparisons revealed positive and negative deviations, represented by distinct colors. Comparative results indicated that models positioned at 0° exhibited the least dimensional deviation, whereas those at 90° showed the highest. Regarding precision, models printed at 0° demonstrated the highest reproducibility, while those at 15° exhibited the lowest. Based on the desired level of precision, it is recommended that printed models be produced at an inclination angle of 0°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Perlea
- Department of EndodonticsCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - Cosmin Stefanescu
- Department of ProsthodonticsCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | | | - Alexandru‐Eugen Petre
- Department of ProsthodonticsCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
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Liu X, Li J, Liu S, Long Y, Kang C, Zhao C, Wei L, Huang S, Luo Y, Dai B, Zhu X. Fabrication of a 3D bioprinting model for posterior capsule opacification using GelMA and PLMA hydrogel-coated resin. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae020. [PMID: 38529352 PMCID: PMC10963077 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) remains the predominant complication following cataract surgery, significantly impairing visual function restoration. In this study, we developed a PCO model that closely mimics the anatomical structure of the crystalline lens capsule post-surgery. The model incorporated a threaded structure for accurate positioning and observation, allowing for opening and closing. Utilizing 3D printing technology, a stable external support system was created using resin material consisting of a rigid, hollow base and cover. To replicate the lens capsule structure, a thin hydrogel coating was applied to the resin scaffold. The biocompatibility and impact on cellular functionality of various hydrogel compositions were assessed through an array of staining techniques, including calcein-AM/PI staining, rhodamine staining, BODIPY-C11 staining and EdU staining in conjunction with transwell assays. Additionally, the PCO model was utilized to investigate the effects of eight drugs with anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties, including 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), THZ1, sorbinil, 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), xanthohumol, zebularine, rapamycin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester, on human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). Confocal microscopy facilitated comprehensive imaging of the PCO model. The results demonstrated that the GelMA 60 5% + PLMA 2% composite hydrogel exhibited superior biocompatibility and minimal lipid peroxidation levels among the tested hydrogels. Moreover, compared to using hydrogel as the material for 3D printing the entire model, applying surface hydrogel spin coating with parameters of 2000 rpm × 2 on the resin-based 3D printed base yielded a more uniform cell distribution and reduced apoptosis. Furthermore, rapamycin, 4-OI and AICAR demonstrated potent antiproliferative effects in the drug intervention study. Confocal microscopy imaging revealed a uniform distribution of HLECs along the anatomical structure of the crystalline lens capsule within the PCO model, showcasing robust cell viability and regular morphology. In conclusion, the PCO model provides a valuable experimental platform for studying PCO pathogenesis and exploring potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Cataract and Lens Refractive Surgery Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiale Li
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Shuyu Liu
- Cataract and Lens Refractive Surgery Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Long
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Ching Kang
- Cataract and Lens Refractive Surgery Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Cataract and Lens Refractive Surgery Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Wei
- Cataract and Lens Refractive Surgery Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaoqi Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Cataract and Lens Refractive Surgery Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, the Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiangjia Zhu
- Cataract and Lens Refractive Surgery Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai 200031, People’s Republic of China
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Laskowska A. Characteristics of the Pressing Process and Density Profile of MUPF-Bonded Particleboards Produced from Waste Plywood. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:850. [PMID: 38399101 PMCID: PMC10890304 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Waste plywood containing phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin is one of the materials that are difficult to use in the production of particleboards based on UF resin. Therefore, the aim of this research was to analyze the possibility of using this type of waste in the production of particleboards bonded with melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde (MUPF) resin in order to determine their suitability for particleboard production. The pressing process and density profile of three-layer particleboards were presented. The press closing time for mats containing only recovered particles in the core layer (100%), produced with a face layer ratio of 50%, a resin load for a face layer of 12%, and a core layer of 10%, at a unit pressure of 3 MPa, was 29% shorter than for the industrial particle mats. Regardless of the level of variability of independent factors, the heating time of the mats containing recovered particles was 10-20% shorter than the heating time of the mats with industrial particles. The greatest impact on the maximum density of the face layer of particleboards was observed for the content of the recovered particles and then the resin load. The maximum density area of the face layer was located closer to the surface in particleboards produced with a higher (80%, 100%) content of the recovered particles, a higher (i.e., 12% and 10%, respectively, for face and core layers) resin load, a lower (35%) face layer ratio, and a higher (3 MPa) unit pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Laskowska
- Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Tomczak D, Borysiak S, Kuczko W, Nowicka AB, Osmałek T, Strzemiecka B, Wichniarek R. Photopolymer-Based Composite with Substance Release Capability Manufactured Additively with DLP Method. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:322. [PMID: 38255490 PMCID: PMC10821297 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, caffeine-loaded photoresin composites with homogeneous structures, suitable for additive manufacturing of transdermal microneedle systems, were obtained. The properties of the composites with varying caffeine concentrations (0.1-0.4% w/w) were investigated for carbon-carbon double bond conversion using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, surface wettability and mechanical properties using a static tensile test and nanoindentation, and caffeine release in ethanol using UV-Vis. The caffeine concentration did not affect the final degree of double bond conversion, which was confirmed in tensile tests, where the strength and Young's modulus of caffeine-loaded samples had comparable values to control ones. Samples with 0.1 and 0.2% caffeine content showed an increase in nanohardness and reduced elastic modulus of 50 MPa and 1.5 MPa, respectively. The good wettability of the samples with water and the increase in surface energy is a favorable aspect for the dedicated application of the obtained composite materials. The amount of caffeine released into the ethanol solution at 1, 3 and 7 days reached a maximum value of 81%, was higher for the lower concentration of caffeine in the sample and increased over time. The conducted research may enhance the potential application of composite materials obtained through the digital light processing method in additive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Tomczak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland (S.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Sławomir Borysiak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland (S.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Wiesław Kuczko
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Ariadna B. Nowicka
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Osmałek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Beata Strzemiecka
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland (S.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Radosław Wichniarek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznan, Poland;
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Aimo-Koivisto E, Punakallio L, Järvinen R, Junnila J, Grönthal T, Rantala M. A pilot study of antimicrobial effects and ototoxicity of a Norway spruce (Picea abies) resin-based canine otic rinse product. Vet Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38169122 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Norway spruce (Picea abies) resin-based products are used in human medicine. A resin-based otic rinse also could be useful in supportive care of canine otitis externa (COE), yet information on its antimicrobial effect against canine pathogens or ototoxicity is lacking. OBJECTIVES To investigate the antimicrobial properties and ototoxicity of a commercial resin-based otic product. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antimicrobial effect was evaluated using a standardised challenge test on Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Corynebacterium auriscanis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Malassezia pachydermatis, and Streptococcus halichoeri strains to measure reduction in growth after 24 h exposure to the product. Effect on cell morphology was investigated by exposing S. pseudintermedius, C. auriscanis, P. aeruginosa and M. pachydermatis to the product in 20% and 100% (v/v) concentrations for 6, 24 and 48 h, and evaluating cells by transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopy. An in vitro microbial kill-rate assay also was performed. Auditory brain stem response test, clinical evaluation and postmortem histological evaluation of ear canals were undertaken on experimental guinea pigs treated with the test product or saline controls. RESULTS The product showed >log 5 growth reduction for all strains in the challenge test. TEM and SEM images showed clear changes in the cells' inner structures and deterioration of cells, and 100% (v/v) test product exposure induced microbial killing in 1-2 h. Ototoxicity was not detected in guinea pigs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The product may be an option in supportive care of COE because of antimicrobial effects and lack of ototoxic properties in a guinea pig model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Aimo-Koivisto
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Merja Rantala
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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11
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Bora PV, Sayed Ahmed A, Alford A, Pitttman K, Thomas V, Lawson NC. Characterization of materials used for 3D printing dental crowns and hybrid prostheses. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:220-230. [PMID: 38008797 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the filler weight percentage (wt%), filler and resin composition, flexural strength, modulus, and hardness of several 3D-printed resins to direct and indirect restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four 3D-printed resins (C&B MFH, Ceramic Crown, OnX, and OnX Tough), one milled resin composite (Lava Ultimate), one conventional composite (Filtek Supreme), and one ceramic (IPS e.max CAD) were evaluated. Filler wt% was determined by the burned ash technique, and filler particle morphology and composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. Organic resin composition was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Three-point bend flexural strength and modulus of the materials were determined by ISO 4049 or ISO 6872. Vickers microhardness was measured. Data were compared with a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc analysis. Linear regression analysis was performed for filler wt% versus flexural strength, modulus, and hardness. RESULTS 3D-printed resins were composed of various sized and shaped silica fillers and various types of methacrylate resins. Significant differences were found among filler wt% with some materials around 3% (C&B MFH), others between 33% and 38% (OnX Tough and OnX), others around 50% (Ceramic Crown), and some around 72% (Filtek Supreme and Lava Ultimate). All 3D-printed resins had significantly lower flexural strength, modulus, and hardness than the conventional and milled resin composites and ceramic material (p < 0.001). Filler wt% demonstrated a linear relationship with modulus (p = 0.013, R2 = 0.821) and hardness (p = 0.018, R2 = 0.787) but not flexural strength (p = 0.056, R2 = 0.551). CONCLUSIONS 3D-printed resins contain from 3% to 50% filler content. Filler wt% alone does not affect flexural strength, but strength may be affected by resin composition as well. Although the 3D-printed resins had lower flexural strength, modulus, and hardness than milled and conventional composite and ceramic, they demonstrated nonbrittle plastic behavior. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The properties of 3D-printed resins vary based on their composition, which affects their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranit V Bora
- Division of Biomaterials, UAB School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Akram Sayed Ahmed
- Division of Biomaterials, UAB School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Aaron Alford
- Department of Chemistry, UAB College of Arts and Sciences, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kirsten Pitttman
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, UAB School of Engineering, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Vinoy Thomas
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, UAB School of Engineering, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Nathaniel C Lawson
- Division of Biomaterials, UAB School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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12
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Lanjekar KJ, Rathod VK. Recovery and separation of glycyrrhizic acid from Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) extract by macroporous resin: adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:39-48. [PMID: 37204086 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2204485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs) have emerged as a green and sustainable alternative to conventional organic solvents to extract bioactive compounds. However, the recovery of bioactive compounds from the NADES extracts is challenging, restricting their large-scale applications. The present work investigated the recovery of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) from choline-chloride/lactic acid NADES extract using macroporous resins. GA possesses a wide spectrum of biological activities, and it is extracted from the well-known herb Glycyrrhiza glabra. During resin screening, DIAIONTM SP700 showed high adsorption and desorption capacities. The adsorption kinetics study demonstrated that the adsorption of GA on SP700 followed Pseudo First-order kinetic model. Moreover, the adsorption behaviors were elucidated by the Freundlich isotherm using a correlation coefficient based on a static adsorption study at different temperatures and pH. Furthermore, the thermodynamic parameters, for instance, the change of Gibbs free energy (ΔG*), entropy (ΔS*), and enthalpy (ΔH*), showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous, favorable and exothermic. In addition, the sample after macroporous resin treatment, which is enriched with GA exhibited good anticancer potential analyzed by SRB assay. The regenerated NADES solvent was recycled twice, keeping more than 90% extraction efficiency, indicating good reusability of NADES in the GA extraction process by using macroporous resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita J Lanjekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Virendra K Rathod
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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13
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Scioli G, Marinaccio L, Bauer M, Kamysz W, Parmar A, Newire E, Singh I, Stefanucci A, Mollica A. New Teixobactin Analogues with a Total Lactam Ring. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1827-1832. [PMID: 38116416 PMCID: PMC10726481 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Teixobactin is a new antibiotic peptide with strong efficacy against several Gram-positive resistant bacteria, the structure of which is extremely difficult to obtain in the laboratory via multistep conventional synthesis. To face the increasing antibiotic resistant bacteria, it is fundamental to introduce new types of antibiotics with innovative mechanisms of action without resistance; thus, many scientists are studying and developing new methods to synthesize teixobactin analogues. In this work, seven Arg10-teixobactin analogues with a total lactam ring have been prepared via solid phase peptide synthesis. In order to obtain the total lactam ring, d-Thr8 was replaced by (2R,3S)-diamino-propionic acid. To verify their antimicrobial activity and efficacy, each analogue was tested with MIC against different resistant pathogens, showing an interesting activity for Nle11 containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Scioli
- Department
of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenza Marinaccio
- Department
of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Bauer
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anish Parmar
- Antimicrobial
Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical
Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, L69 3GA Liverpool, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, The University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Enas Newire
- Antimicrobial
Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical
Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, L69 3GA Liverpool, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, The University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ishwar Singh
- Antimicrobial
Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical
Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, L69 3GA Liverpool, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, The University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Azzurra Stefanucci
- Department
of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Department
of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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14
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Yadfout A, Asri Y, Merzouk N, Regragui A. Denture Base Resin Coated with Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2): A Systematic Review. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6941-6953. [PMID: 38026530 PMCID: PMC10676651 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s425702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The main objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of coating with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 nanoparticle) on the surface condition of removable acrylic resin prosthetic base materials. Methods Our review is registered in the PROSPERO database under the identification code CRD42023397170. Electronic database searches of PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct including studies from January 2009 to January 2023 were conducted and supplemented with manual searches. Research questions were generated in accordance with the PICO strategy. The modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies. Results Since the included studies were variable in design, a meta-analysis was not performed. The electronic searches retrieved 29 references that met the eligibility criteria, among which 5 studies matched the inclusion criteria for this review. Significant differences were detected between the TiO2 NP-coated and uncoated groups. The available data indicate that TiO2 NP coating elicits antimicrobial activity and improves the wear resistance of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) surfaces. Moreover, the nanoparticles provide high levels of glossiness and decelerate the process of color change of heat-cured acrylic resin, thus increasing the lifespan of dentures. Conclusion The collective results clearly indicate that TiO2 nanoparticle coating induces alterations in the surface properties of pure PMMA, enhancing the mechanical, physical and biological characteristics of the denture base material. Further studies are essential to identify the optimal thickness of coating and concentrations of nanoparticles for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmae Yadfout
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yousra Asri
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nadia Merzouk
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Anissa Regragui
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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Zhao J, Chen R, Liu S, Zhou S, Xu M, Dai F. Corrosion Degree Evaluation of Polymer Anti-Corrosive Oil Well Cement under an Acidic Geological Environment Using an Artificial Neural Network. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4441. [PMID: 38006165 PMCID: PMC10674542 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oil well cement is prone to corrosion and damage in carbon dioxide (CO2) acidic gas wells. In order to improve the anti-corrosion ability of oil well cement, polymer resin was used as the anti-corrosion material. The effect of polymer resin on the mechanical and corrosion properties of oil well cement was studied. The corrosion law of polymer anti-corrosion cement in an acidic gas environment was studied. The long-term corrosion degree of polymer anti-corrosion cement was evaluated using an improved neural network model. The cluster particle algorithm (PSO) was used to improve the accuracy of the neural network model. The results indicate that in acidic gas environments, the compressive strength of polymer anti-corrosion cement was reduced under the effect of CO2, and the corrosion depth was increased. The R2 of the prediction model PSO-BPNN3 is 0.9970, and the test error is 0.0136. When corroded for 365 days at 50 °C and 25 MPa pressure of CO2, the corrosion degree of the polymer anti-corrosion cement was 43.6%. The corrosion depth of uncorroded cement stone is 76.69%, which is relatively reduced by 33.09%. The corrosion resistance of cement can be effectively improved by using polymer resin. Using the PSO-BP neural network to evaluate the long-term corrosion changes of polymer anti-corrosion cement under complex acidic gas conditions guides the evaluation of its corrosion resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- China Oilfield Services Limited, Langfang 065200, China
| | - Rongyao Chen
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil and Gas Drilling and Completion Technology, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
| | - Shikang Liu
- China Oilfield Services Limited, Langfang 065200, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil and Gas Drilling and Completion Technology, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
| | - Mingbiao Xu
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Oil and Gas Drilling and Completion Technology, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
| | - Feixu Dai
- Tarim Oilfield Production Capacity Construction Division, Korla 841000, China
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16
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Cantó-Navés O, Michels K, Figueras-Alvarez O, Fernández-Villar S, Cabratosa-Termes J, Roig M. In Vitro Comparison of Internal and Marginal Adaptation between Printed and Milled Onlays. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6962. [PMID: 37959559 PMCID: PMC10650727 DOI: 10.3390/ma16216962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Nowadays, milling is still the gold standard for fabricating indirect restorations, but to overcome its disadvantages, there are alternatives, such as 3D printing. PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the gaps between the prepared tooth and milled and printed onlays fabricated with the same CAD design. It also aimed to determine the gap reproducibility across onlays fabricated by 3D printing and milling. METHODS A resin tooth was prepared for an onlay. After scanning the preparation, an onlay was designed with proprietary dental software. Next, 22 onlays were milled in a graphene-reinforced PMMA disc (Group 1), and 22 onlays were 3D-printed with a hybrid composite material (Group 2). After that, all fabricated restorations were scanned and superimposed on the scanned prepared resin tooth. Subsequently, a specific software was used to measure the margin, central, and intaglio-located gap between the milled or printed restoration and the preparation. Finally, measurements were compared with a multifactor analysis of variance. RESULTS The results demonstrated that printed onlays (Group 2) adapted better to the prepared tooth than the milled ones (Group 1) (p < 0.05). The comparison of standard deviations showed the better gap reproducibility of printed onlays (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study concluded that the printed onlays adapted significantly better to the prepared tooth than the milled onlays. Printed onlays also showed significantly better gap reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Cantó-Navés
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-N.); (S.F.-V.); (J.C.-T.); (M.R.)
| | - Kyra Michels
- Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Oscar Figueras-Alvarez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-N.); (S.F.-V.); (J.C.-T.); (M.R.)
| | - Sandra Fernández-Villar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-N.); (S.F.-V.); (J.C.-T.); (M.R.)
| | - Josep Cabratosa-Termes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-N.); (S.F.-V.); (J.C.-T.); (M.R.)
| | - Miguel Roig
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-N.); (S.F.-V.); (J.C.-T.); (M.R.)
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17
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Klavins L, Almonaitytė K, Šalaševičienė A, Zommere A, Spalvis K, Vincevica-Gaile Z, Korpinen R, Klavins M. Strategy of Coniferous Needle Biorefinery into Value-Added Products to Implement Circular Bioeconomy Concepts in Forestry Side Stream Utilization. Molecules 2023; 28:7085. [PMID: 37894564 PMCID: PMC10609605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustainable development goals require a reduction in the existing heavy reliance on fossil resources. Forestry can be considered a key resource for the bioeconomy, providing timber, energy, chemicals (including fine chemicals), and various other products. Besides the main product, timber, forestry generates significant amounts of different biomass side streams. Considering the unique and highly complex chemical composition of coniferous needle/greenery biomass, biorefinery strategies can be considered as prospective possibilities to address top segments of the bio-based value pyramid, addressing coniferous biomass side streams as a source of diverse chemical substances with applications as the replacement of fossil material-based chemicals, building blocks, food, and feed and applications as fine chemicals. This study reviews biorefinery methods for coniferous tree forestry biomass side streams, exploring the production of value-added products. Additionally, it discusses the potential for developing further biorefinery strategies to obtain products with enhanced value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linards Klavins
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (A.Z.); (Z.V.-G.); (M.K.)
| | - Karolina Almonaitytė
- Food Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.A.); (A.Š.)
| | - Alvija Šalaševičienė
- Food Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.A.); (A.Š.)
| | - Alise Zommere
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (A.Z.); (Z.V.-G.); (M.K.)
| | | | - Zane Vincevica-Gaile
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (A.Z.); (Z.V.-G.); (M.K.)
| | - Risto Korpinen
- Biomass Fractionation Technologies, Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Viikinkaari 9, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Maris Klavins
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (A.Z.); (Z.V.-G.); (M.K.)
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Hien HM, Viet Hung T, Heng PWS. A new chromanone acid derivative from the nut oil resin of Calophyllum inophyllum. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2023; 25:1021-1028. [PMID: 37200202 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2208530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
One novel chromanone acid derivative, namely inocalophylline C (1), together with one known compound calophyllolide (2), were isolated from the methanolic extract of nut oil resin of Calophyllum inophyllum L., a medicinal plant widely distributed in Vietnam. The isolated compound structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and the absolute configuration of 1 was established by the single-crystal X-ray crystallography as ethyl (R) 3-((2 R,3R,6R)-4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6-((R)-5-methyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)hex-4-en-1-yl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-5,7-dioxo-3,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-chromen-8-yl)-3-phenylpropanoate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Minh Hien
- Institute of Drug Quality Control-Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Viet Hung
- Institute of Drug Quality Control-Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Paul W S Heng
- Department of Pharmacy, GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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Juntavee N, Juntavee A, Srisontisuk S. Color Appearance of Various Provisional Restorative Materials for Rehabilitation Upon Aging. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:1263-1274. [PMID: 36630984 PMCID: PMC10756826 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Color stability of provisional restoration is crucial for full mouth reconstruction, which is probably influenced by aging. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of aging on the color appearance of different provisional materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rectangular specimens (10 × 10 × 2 mm) were fabricated from computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) (Vita CAD-Temp [VC], TelioCAD [TC], artBloc [RC]), autopolymerized (ProtempIV [PA], Luxatemp [LA], UnifastTrad [UA]), and heat-polymerized polymer (Major C&B [MH]). Each was divided into aging (AG, 5,000 thermocycles of 5°/55°C) and non-aging group (n = 21/group). Color parameters were determined using a spectrophotometer through the CIELAB system. The L*, a*, and b* data were calculated for color appearance (∆E), translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), and opalescence parameter (OP) for each. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS An analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were determined for a significant difference in color appearance alteration of materials upon aging (α = 0.05). RESULTS Statistically significant differences of L*, a*, b*, ∆E, TP, CR, and OP due to the effect of types of material (p < 0.05), aging effect (p < 0.05), and their interactions (p < 0.05) were indicated. Aging affects the color appearance, lightness, chromaticity, translucency, contrast, and opalescence of various types of provisional materials. Color appearance alteration of provisional materials was significantly indicated upon aging (p < 0.05) but within the perceivable limit of clinical acceptance (∆E diff < 3.0), except for PA and MH. Color stability of CAD-CAM-based poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and autopolymerized PMMA upon aging were better than bis-acryl resin and heat-polymerized PMMA. The TP, CR, and OP alterations of tested materials upon aging were within the perceivable limit. CONCLUSION Color appearance of provisional restorative materials was influenced by aging. The CAD-CAM-based PMMA and autopolymerized PMMA materials showed better color stability than bis-acryl provisional resin and heat-polymerized PMMA upon aging. Therefore, they were suggested as provisional materials for oral rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niwut Juntavee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Apa Juntavee
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supichaya Srisontisuk
- Division of Biomaterials and Prosthodontics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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20
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Ballego-Campos I, Forzza RC, Paiva ÉAS. An overview of secretion in floral bracts of Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae), with emphasis on the secretory scales. AoB Plants 2023; 15:plad066. [PMID: 37899979 PMCID: PMC10601381 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Bromeliaceae display many water-use strategies, from leaf impounding tanks to Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis and absorbing trichomes. Recent studies show that trichomes in inflorescences of bromeliads can exude viscous secretions, protecting against various stresses, including excessive water loss. In light of this, and considering the knowledge gap regarding inflorescence trichomes in bromeliads, we aimed to investigate the presence, source and chemical nature of inflorescence secretions in species of the Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae) and to describe the anatomy of their floral bracts focusing on trichome structure and position. We conducted a prospection of secretory activity and anatomy in floral bracts in 52 species of Tillandsioideae and 1 early divergent Bromeliaceae species. We used histochemical tests to investigate the presence and nature of secretion combined with standard light microscopy methods. Secretion appears in all studied species of tribe Vrieseeae, in Guzmania species, Wallisia cyanea, Tillandsia streptopylla (Tillandsieae) and Catopsis morreniana (Catopsideae). It is absent in Vriesea guttata (Vrieseeae), Racinaea crispa and various Tillandsia species (Tillandsieae). Secretion is produced by peltate trichomes on the adaxial surface of young bracts and comprises hydrophilic and lipophilic substances. Bract anatomy revealed an internal mucilage-secreting tissue with wide distribution within the subtribe Vrieseinae. Our results point to a broad occurrence of secretion associated with bracteal scales in inflorescences of Tillandsioideae. Secretory function is strongly related to trichomes of the adaxial surface, whereas the indumentum of the abaxial side is lacking or likely associated with water absorption; the latter case is especially related to small, xeric plants. Exudates might engage in colleter-like roles, protecting against desiccation, high-radiation and herbivores. Directions for future research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Ballego-Campos
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafaela C Forzza
- Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, 22460-030 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Élder A S Paiva
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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21
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Xiao F, Challa Sasi P, Alinezhad A, Sun R, Abdulmalik Ali M. Thermal Phase Transition and Rapid Degradation of Forever Chemicals (PFAS) in Spent Media Using Induction Heating. ACS ES T Eng 2023; 3:1370-1380. [PMID: 37705671 PMCID: PMC10497035 DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.3c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have developed an innovative thermal degradation strategy for treating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS)-containing solid materials. Our strategy satisfies three criteria: the ability to achieve near-complete degradation of PFASs within a short timescale, nonselectivity, and low energy cost. In our method, a metallic reactor containing a PFAS-laden sample was subjected to electromagnetic induction that prompted a rapid temperature rise of the reactor via the Joule heating effect. We demonstrated that subjecting PFASs (0.001-12 μmol) to induction heating for a brief duration (e.g., <40 s) resulted in substantial degradation (>90%) of these compounds, including recalcitrant short-chain PFASs and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids. This finding prompted us to conduct a detailed study of the thermal phase transitions of PFASs using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). We identified at least two endothermic DSC peaks for anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic PFASs, signifying the melting and evaporation of the melted PFASs. Melting and evaporation points of many PFASs were reported for the first time. Our data suggest that the rate-limiting step in PFAS thermal degradation is linked with phase transitions (e.g., evaporation) occurring on different time scales. When PFASs are rapidly heated to temperatures similar to those produced during induction heating, the evaporation of melted PFAS slows down, allowing for the degradation of the melted PFAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Pavankumar Challa Sasi
- Department of Civil
Engineering, University of North Dakota, 243 Centennial Drive Stop 8115, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
- EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., Hunt Valley, Maryland 21031, United States
| | - Ali Alinezhad
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Runze Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Mansurat Abdulmalik Ali
- Department of Civil
Engineering, University of North Dakota, 243 Centennial Drive Stop 8115, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
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Tulik M, Jura-Morawiec J. An arrangement of secretory cells involved in the formation and storage of resin in tracheid-based secondary xylem of arborescent plants. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1268643. [PMID: 37731990 PMCID: PMC10508844 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1268643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of the vascular system has led to the formation of conducting and supporting elements and those that are involved in the mechanisms of storage and defense against the influence of biotic and abiotic factors. In the case of the latter, the general evolutionary trend was probably related to a change in their arrangement, i.e. from cells scattered throughout the tissue to cells organized into ducts or cavities. These cells, regardless of whether they occur alone or in a cellular structure, are an important defense element of trees, having the ability to synthesize, among others, natural resins. In the tracheid-based secondary xylem of gymnosperms, the resin ducts, which consist of secretory cells, are of two types: axial, interspersed between the tracheids, and radial, carried in some rays. They are interconnected and form a continuous system. On the other hand, in the tracheid-based secondary xylem of monocotyledons, the resin-producing secretory cells do not form specialized structures. This review summarizes knowledge on the morpho-anatomical features of various types of resin-releasing secretory cells in relation to their: (i) location, (ii) origin, (iii) mechanism of formation, (iv) and ecological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Tulik
- Department of Forest Botany, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Jura-Morawiec
- Polish Academy of Sciences Botanical Garden - Centre for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin, Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Jiang W, Wang G, Wu W, Shao C, Pan H, Chen Z, Tang R, Chen Z, Xie Z. The effect of calcium phosphate ion clusters in enhancing enamel conditions versus Duraphat and Icon. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49 Suppl 1:46-57. [PMID: 36127810 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the remineralisation, mechanical, anti-aging, acid resistance and antibacterial properties of calcium phosphate ion clusters (CPICs) materials with those of Duraphat and Icon. The remineralisation and mechanical properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and nanoindentation. CPICs induced epitaxial crystal growth on the enamel surface, where the regrown enamel-like apatite layers had a similar hardness and elastic modulus to natural enamel (p > 0.05). Acid resistance and anti-aging properties were tested based on ion dissolution and surface roughness. CPICs exhibited similar calcium and phosphate ion dissolution to the control (p > 0.05), and its roughness decreased after thermocycling (p < 0.05), thereby decreasing the risk of enamel surface demineralisation. The minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.1 mg/ml, and the minimum bactericidal concentration ranged from 0.05 to 0.1 mg/ml. Overall, this biomimetic CPICs is a promising alternative to dental demineralisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenzhi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changyu Shao
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haihua Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Ancuceanu R, Hovaneț MV, Miron A, Anghel AI, Dinu M. Phytochemistry, Biological, and Pharmacological Properties of Abies alba Mill. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2860. [PMID: 37571016 PMCID: PMC10421038 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Abies alba Mill. (Pinaceae), silver fir, is a widespread gymnosperm species in Europe, important for its ecological, economic, social, and cultural significance, as well as for its use for food and bioremediation purposes. The various parts of the plant (leaves, branches, cones, wood, bark) are also of pharmaceutical interest due to their composition of active compounds. In the last three decades, an impressive amount of research has been dedicated to this species. The variability of the chemical composition of essential oils (whether they come from leaves, oleoresin from branches, or other parts of the plant) is impressive, even in the case of specimens collected from the same geographical area. For essential oils prepared from needles or twigs and branches, limonene, β-pinene, α-pinene, camphene, β-phellandrene, and bornyl acetate are the leading compounds, although their wide variations seem to correspond to multiple chemotypes. Both bark and wood are rich in lignans and phenolic compounds. Matairesinol is apparently the dominant lignan in bark, and secoisolariciresinol and lariciresinol are the dominant ones in wood samples. Pharmacological studies with promising results have evaluated the antioxidant effect (mainly due to essential oils), but also the antimicrobial, antitumor, probiotic, antidiabetic, anti-steatosis, and anti-psoriatic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ancuceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (A.I.A.); (M.D.)
| | - Marilena Viorica Hovaneț
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (A.I.A.); (M.D.)
| | - Anca Miron
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Adriana Iuliana Anghel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (A.I.A.); (M.D.)
| | - Mihaela Dinu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (A.I.A.); (M.D.)
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Sokolowski G, Szczesio-Wlodarczyk A, Szynkowska-Jóźwik MI, Stopa W, Sokolowski J, Kopacz K, Bociong K. The Shear Bond Strength of Resin-Based Luting Cement to Zirconia Ceramics after Different Surface Treatments. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5433. [PMID: 37570137 PMCID: PMC10419834 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to its unique properties, zirconia is increasingly being used in dentistry, but surface preparation for bonding is difficult because of its polycrystalline structure. This study aimed to determine the effect of a new etching technique (Zircos-E) on Ceramill Zi (Amann Girrbach). The effect of etching and the use of primers (Monobond Plus and MKZ Primer) on the bond strength of zirconia with resin cement (NX3) was assessed. Shear bond strength was evaluated after storage in water for 24 h and after thermal aging (5000 thermocycling at 5 °C/55 °C). A scanning electron microscope (Hitachi S-4700) was used to evaluate the surface structure before and after the Zircos-E system. The roughness parameters were assessed using an SJ-410 profilometer. The etched zirconia surface is more homogeneous over the entire surface, but some localized forms of erosion exist. The etching of zirconia ceramics caused changes in the surface structure of zirconia and a significant increase in the shear bond strength between zirconia and resin cement. The use of primers positively affects the adhesion between resin cement and zirconia. Aging with thermocycler significantly reduced the shear bond strength, with one exception-sandblasted samples with MKZ Primer. Standard ceramic surface preparation, involving only alumina sandblasting, does not provide a satisfactory bond. The use of etching with the Zircos-E system and primers had a positive effect on the strength of the zirconium-resin cement connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Sokolowski
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk
- University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jóźwik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wioleta Stopa
- University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sokolowski
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Kopacz
- “DynamoLab” Academic Laboratory of Movement and Human Physical Performance, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
- Warsaw Medical Academy, Ludwika Rydygiera 8, 01-793 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Kinga Bociong
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
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26
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Vernich F, Stefani L, Fiorelli D, Mineo F, Pallocci M, Treglia M, Marsella LT, Tittarelli R. Trends in Illicit Cannabis Potency based on the Analysis of Law Enforcement Seizures in the Southern Area of Rome. Toxics 2023; 11:648. [PMID: 37624154 PMCID: PMC10458633 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11080648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis remains the most illicitly produced and consumed substance worldwide, and the average trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content in cannabis products (marijuana, hashish) has increased over time. This paper presents data about THC concentration in cannabis resin samples seized by law enforcement from 2015 to 2022 in the southern area of Rome (Italy). From 2015 to 2022, more than 1000 hashish samples were analyzed; the average THC content was 18.0% and dramatically increased from 13.7% (2015) to 27.1% (2022). The potency of THC in some samples characterized by unusual shape and color was higher than 24% and, in a few cases, higher than 40%. The age group most involved in seizures of cannabis resin concerned males aged between 15 and 36 years old. The spread of this phenomenon increases the risk of adverse health outcomes. Many observational studies compare the increased cannabis potency with the onset of psychosis, depression, anxiety and cannabis use disorders (CUDs), mainly in young adults. THC-potency monitoring provides data that can be helpful to create a network of communication and interaction between universities, and legislative and public health institutions to support education, awareness and surveillance related to cannabis abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Vernich
- Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Section of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Stefani
- Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Section of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Fiorelli
- Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Section of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Mineo
- Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Section of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Pallocci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Treglia
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Tonino Marsella
- Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Section of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Tittarelli
- Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Section of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Shishehian A, Firouz F, Khazaee S, Rajabi H, Farhadian M, Niaghiha F. Evaluating the color stability of 3D-printed resins against various solutions. Eur J Transl Myol 2023; 33:11493. [PMID: 37767891 PMCID: PMC10583149 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2023.11493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different solutions on the optical behavior of two types of 3D-printed resin (Detax and Asiga). The samples were randomly divided into 4 groups of cola, orange juice, tea and artificial saliva (control group) in the form of 14 x 10 mm blocks with a thickness of 1.5 ± 0.3 mm (10 samples in each group). By spectrophotometric device, the color of the examined samples was recorded in the CIE system and in three parameters *L (brightness), a* (red-green) and b* (blue-yellow) as the initial record. The color difference of the samples was recorded on 7 and 30 days after immersion as a secondary record. After that, using the formula, the color difference (ΔE) were calculated. T-test also was used to analyze the data. There was no significant difference between the amount of ΔE on 7th and 30th days after exposure to artificial saliva and cola and on 7th days after exposure to orange juice and tea. But on the 30th day, a significant difference was found in orange juice and tea drinks (p<0.05), so that the value of ΔE in Asiga printer was lower than Detax. ΔE changes in orange juice solution were more than other drinks. On the 30th day of immersion in tea drinks and orange juice, Asiga printer had significantly less color difference than Detax printer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Shishehian
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | - Farnaz Firouz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | - Sara Khazaee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | - Hossein Rajabi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | - Maryam Farhadian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | - Fatemeh Niaghiha
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
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Barazi AÖ, Mehmetoğlu AÇ, Erkmen O. A Novel Edible Coating Produced from a Wheat Gluten, Pistacia vera L. Resin, and Essential Oil Blend: Antimicrobial Effects and Sensory Properties on Chicken Breast Fillets. Foods 2023; 12:2276. [PMID: 37372487 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial edible coatings can eliminate the risk of pathogen contamination on the surface of poultry products during storage. In this study, an edible coating (EC) based on wheat gluten, Pistacia vera L. tree resin (PVR), and the essential oil (EO) of PVR was applied on chicken breast fillets (CBF) by a dipping method to prevent the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes. The samples were packed in foam trays wrapped with low-density polyethylene stretch film and stored at 8 °C for 12 days to observe the antimicrobial effects and sensory properties. The total bacteria count (TBC), L. monocytogenes, and S. Typhimurium were recorded during storage. The samples coated with EC, containing 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2% v/v EO (ECEO), showed significant decreases in microbial growth compared to the control samples. The growth of TBC, L. monocytogenes, and S. Typhimurium was suppressed by 4.6, 3.2, and 1.6 logs, respectively, at the end of 12 days on the samples coated with ECEO (2%) compared to the uncoated controls (p < 0.05). Coating with ECEO (2%) also preserved the appearance, smell, and general acceptance parameters better than uncoated raw chicken (p < 0.05) on the fifth day of storage. In grilled chicken samples, ECEO (2%) did not significantly change the appearance, smell, and texture (p > 0.05) but increased the taste and general acceptance scores. Therefore, ECEO (2%) can be a feasible and reliable alternative to preserve CBFs without adversely affecting their sensory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aykut Önder Barazi
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep 27310, Turkey
| | - Arzu Çağrı Mehmetoğlu
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54187, Turkey
| | - Osman Erkmen
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul 34440, Turkey
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29
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Paradowska-Stolarz A, Wezgowiec J, Malysa A, Wieckiewicz M. Effects of Polishing and Artificial Aging on Mechanical Properties of Dental LT Clear ® Resin. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:295. [PMID: 37367259 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14060295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing has become incorporated into various aspects of everyday life, including dentistry. Novel materials are being introduced rapidly. One such material is Dental LT Clear by Formlabs, a resin used for manufacturing occlusal splints, aligners, and orthodontic retainers. In this study, a total of 240 specimens, comprising two shapes (dumbbell and rectangular), were evaluated through compression and tensile tests. The compression tests revealed that the specimens were neither polished nor aged. However, after polishing, the compression modulus values decreased significantly. Specifically, the unpolished and nonaged specimens measured 0.87 ± 0.02, whereas the polished group measured 0.086 ± 0.03. The results were significantly affected by artificial aging. The polished group measured 0.73 ± 0.05, while the unpolished group measured 0.73 ± 0.03. In contrast, the tensile test proved that the specimens showed the highest resistance when the polishing was applied. The artificial aging influenced the tensile test and reduced the force needed to damage the specimens. The tensile modulus had the highest value when polishing was applied (3.00 ± 0.11). The conclusions drawn from these findings are as follows: 1. Polishing does not change the properties of the examined resin. 2. Artificial aging reduces resistance in both compression and tensile tests. 3. Polishing reduces the damage to the specimens in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paradowska-Stolarz
- Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wezgowiec
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Malysa
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mieszko Wieckiewicz
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
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30
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Manthey J, Obradors-Pineda A. Prices of flower and resin in cannabis social clubs: Analyses of register data from 220,000 collections. Drug Alcohol Rev 2023. [PMID: 37183527 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cannabis social clubs (CSC) are community-based non-profit organisations that aim to minimise cannabis-related harm for their members. This contribution seeks to: (i) compare the cost of cannabis flower and resin in CSCs to the national average retail price on the illegal market; and (ii) identify possible quantity discounts for cannabis flower and resin distributed to members of CSCs. METHODS Routine data from four CSCs located in Barcelona, Spain, contained information on n = 220,465 collections of cannabis resin and flower (0.01-39 g per collection). The costs for 1 g of cannabis flower and resin per collection were determined. The mean national prices on illicit cannabis were obtained from Spanish police reports. RESULTS On average, members paid 6.19€ for 1 g flower (median: 6€; interquartile range: 6-7€) and 8.54€ for 1 g resin (median: 7€; interquartile range: 6-9€), with less variations for flower than for resin. Compared to the national average, prices appeared to be higher for cannabis products distributed in CSCs, but comparisons were limited by a lack of data on the variation of national prices. For resin, doubling the quantity was associated with a 20.7% (95% confidence interval 20.4-21.2%; p < 0.001) fee discount. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Cannabis in CSCs may be more costly than the estimated national average for the illicit market. No meaningful price discount could be observed for flower but for resin. Pricing policies pursued by CSCs may help to disincentivise consumption of larger amounts but may also bar socioeconomically disadvantaged users from accessing safer alternatives than the illegal market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Manthey
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Salimi K, Atri F, Valizadeh S, Sahebi M, Ghodsi S, Manouchehri N. Influence of nonthermal argon plasma on the micro-shear bond strength between resin cement and translucent zirconia. J Conserv Dent 2023; 26:281-287. [PMID: 37398848 PMCID: PMC10309120 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_41_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Considering the potential of translucent zirconia for application in esthetic restorations, it is necessary to find effective methods with the least adverse effects to increase its bond strength to resin cement. Aims This study aimed to test if different conservative surface treatments and cement types could affect the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS), failure mode, and bonding interface between resin cement and translucent zirconia. Materials and Methods In this in vitro experimental study, translucent zirconia blocks were divided into four groups based on the surface treatment they received: no treatment, argon plasma, primer (Pr), and Pr + plasma. Each group was further divided into two subgroups based on the applied cement: PANAVIA F2 and Duo-Link cement. Fourteen cement columns with a diameter of 1 mm were placed on each block (n = 14); all the specimens were immersed in 37°C water for 24 h. Afterward, μSBS was evaluated (P < 0.05), and the mode of failure was determined by a stereomicroscope (×10). The cement-zirconia interface and the surface hydrophilicity (contact angle) were also evaluated. Statistical Analysis Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effect of surface preparation, cement types, and incubator, simultaneously (P < 0.05). The bond strengths after incubation were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05). Failure mode, contact angle, and cement-zirconia interface were analyzed descriptively. Results The highest bond strength was seen in Pr surface treatment for Duo-Link cement; however, this group was not significantly different from Pr and PANAVIA F2 cement and Pr + plasma and Duo-Link cement (P = 0.075) groups. All plasma specimens in the incubator failed prematurely. The mode of failure in all specimens was adhesive. The lowest and highest contact angles were seen in Pr + plasma and the control groups, respectively. Conclusion The use of Pr could successfully improve the bond strength of resin cement to translucent zirconia while plasma was not an acceptable and durable substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Salimi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Atri
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Valizadeh
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Faculty of Dentistry, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Majid Sahebi
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safoura Ghodsi
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neshatafarin Manouchehri
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Jašek V, Fučík J, Melcova V, Figalla S, Mravcova L, Krobot Š, Přikryl R. Synthesis of Bio-Based Thermoset Mixture Composed of Methacrylated Rapeseed Oil and Methacrylated Methyl Lactate: One-Pot Synthesis Using Formed Methacrylic Acid as a Continual Reactant. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081811. [PMID: 37111957 PMCID: PMC10146403 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Methacrylated vegetable oils are promising bio-based polymerizable precursors for potential material application in several fields, such as coating technologies or 3D printing. The reactants' availability for their production is an enormous advantage, but the modified oils also exhibit high apparent viscosity values and poor mechanical properties. This work focuses on a way to produce oil-based polymerizable material precursors in a mixture with a viscosity modifier in a one-batch process. The required methacrylic acid for the modification of epoxidized vegetable oils can be obtained as a secondary product of the methacrylation of methyl lactate forming a polymerizable monomer along with the acid. This reaction results in a yield of over 98% of methacrylic acid. Epoxidized vegetable oil can be added into the same batch using acid for oil modification which results in the one-pot mixture of both methacrylated oil and methyl lactate. The structural verifications of products were provided via FT-IR, 1H NMR, and volumetric methods. This two-step reaction process produces a thermoset mixture with a lower apparent viscosity of 142.6 mPa·s in comparison with methacrylated oil exhibiting a value of 1790.2 mPa·s. Other physical-chemical properties of the resin mixture such as storage modulus (E' = 1260 MPa), glass transition temperature (Tg = 50.0 °C), or polymerization activation energy (17.3 kJ/mol) are enhanced in comparison with the methacrylated vegetable oil. The synthesized one-pot mixture does not require additional methacrylic acid due to the use of the one formed in the first step of the reaction, while the eventual thermoset mixture exhibits enhanced material properties compared to the methacrylated vegetable oil itself. Precursors synthesized in this work may find their purpose in the field of coating technologies, since these applications require detailed viscosity modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Jašek
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Fučík
- Institute of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Melcova
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Silvestr Figalla
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Mravcova
- Institute of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Krobot
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Přikryl
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
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Gatica-Ortega ME, Pastor-Nieto MA, Beneyto P, Borrego L. Contact sensitization to (meth)acrylates in three construction workers. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 88:242-244. [PMID: 36484153 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María E Gatica-Ortega
- Dermatology Department, Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain.,Medical Sciences Department, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha
| | - María A Pastor-Nieto
- Medical Sciences Department, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha.,Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain.,Medicine and Medical Specialties Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Pedro Beneyto
- Medical Sciences Department, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha.,Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación Department, Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Leopoldo Borrego
- Dermatology Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Hospital Universitario Insular, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Perez BG, Gaidarji B, Righes DZ, Pecho OE, Pereira GKR, Durand LB. Masking ability of resin composites: A scoping review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:333-344. [PMID: 36260930 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To map the existing evidence regarding the masking ability of resin composites. OVERVIEW The literature search was conducted electronically, based on the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews-online protocol at https://osf.io/m2h67/ with no language or time restrictions. Two independent reviewers conducted the screening, and a third reviewer was consulted in case of disagreement. Studies that evaluated resin composite masking ability regardless of background, application technique, thickness, or number of layers were selected. The search found 2995 potentially eligible studies. After removal of duplicates (657), irrelevant articles (2323), 15 citations met the eligibility criteria based on title and abstract, and eight studies were included based on full text analysis (seven in vitro, and one case report). Acceptable masking ability is obtained by one layer of opaque shade resin composite or by the layering technique. A black background is masked with 1.0- to 2.0 mm-thick layers of opaque shade resin composites. Masking of the C4 background is achieved with one layer of 0.5- to 1.5 mm-thick opaque shade resin composite or by the layering technique using different combinations of enamel body and dentin shades with a final thickness of 1.5 mm. CONCLUSIONS Acceptable masking of C4 shade background is achieved with one layer of opaque shade composite at least 0.5 mm-thick or by different combinations of the layering technique, with a final thickness of 1.5 mm. Acceptable masking of the black background of the oral cavity is achieved with a resin composite of at least 1.0 mm opaque shade. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The thickness of the resin composite layer required to achieve adequate masking is variable and depends on the translucency/opacity of the tested resin composites and the background shade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Gabardo Perez
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Science, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gaidarji
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Science, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Danielle Zorzo Righes
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Science, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Oscar E Pecho
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Meridional Faculty (IMED), Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Letícia Brandão Durand
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Davies KL, Pansarin ER, Stpiczyńska M. Labellar Structure of the Maxillaria splendens Alliance (Orchidaceae: Maxillariinae) Indicates Floral Polyphenols as a Reward for Stingless Bees. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:921. [PMID: 36840270 PMCID: PMC9964541 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported stingless Meliponini bees gathering hairs from the labella of Maxillaria spp., including M. ochroleuca, a member of the M. splendens alliance. Such hairs usually contain food materials and are thought to have nutritional value. The papillose labella of representatives of the Maxillaria splendens alliance, however, bear scattered, simple 1-5-celled uniseriate trichomes (hairs) that lack food materials. By contrast, here, as well as polyphenolic compounds, typical labellar papillae usually contain small quantities of starch, protein, and minute droplets of lipid, the last probably involved in the production of fragrance. Towards the labellum apex occur elevated groups of papillae that lack food materials, but contain volatile compounds, probably fragrance precursors. In the past, the terms 'trichomes' or 'hairs' and 'papillae' have been used interchangeably, causing some confusion. Since the trichomes, however, unlike the papillae, are easily detachable and can fragment, it is most likely they, not the papillae, that have previously been observed being collected by bees, but their poor food content indicates that they do not function as food-hairs. Even so, our field observations of M. ochroleuca reveal that stingless bees scrape polyphenol-rich labellar tissue and possibly use this material to produce a resinous, complex, heterogeneous substance commonly referred to as 'bee glue', used for nest construction and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L. Davies
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Emerson R. Pansarin
- Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Małgorzata Stpiczyńska
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Botanic Garden, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland
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Abstract
Stingless bees form perennial colonies of honey-making insects. The >600 species of stingless bees, mainly Neotropical, live throughout tropical latitudes. Foragers influence floral biology, plant reproduction, microbe dispersal, and diverse ecosystem functions. As tropical forest residents since the upper Cretaceous, they have had a long evolutionary history without competition from honey bees. Most stingless bees are smaller than any Apis species and recruit nest mates to resources, while their defense strategies exclude stinging behavior but incorporate biting. Stingless bees have diversified ecologically; excel in nesting site selection and mutualisms with plants, arthropods, and microbes; and display opportunism, including co-opting plant defenses. As their biology becomes better known, applications to human endeavors are imposing selective pressures from exploitation and approaches to conservation that entail colony extraction from wildlands. Although some meliponines can adjust to new conditions, their populations shall require tropical diversity for survival and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Roubik
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panamá;
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Alqahtani NM, Chaturvedi S, Tomar SS, Kumari L, Gill S, Nayan K, Shariff M, Bhagat TV, Addas MK, Chaturvedi M. Fracture toughness of 3D printed denture teeth. Technol Health Care 2023; 31:247-258. [PMID: 36031920 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in digital dentistry lead to use of three-dimensional (3D) printed resin denture teeth. Fracture toughness of these teeth must be assessed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the chipping and indirect tensile fracture resistance of denture teeth fabricated by 3D printing technique with traditionally fabricated resin denture teeth. METHOD Four groups (Gr) were made (n= 50/group): Gr-1 3D printed denture teeth (denture teeth; Formlabs Inc., Somerville, MA, USA), Gr-2 SR-Orthosit-PE (Ivoclar Vivadent AG), Gr-3 Portrait IPN (Dentsply Sirona), Gr-4 Pala Premium 8 (Heraeus Kulzer GmbH). Stereolithography 3D printing was used to create the methacrylate-based photopolymerized resin teeth models and remaining group teeth were collected commercially. A 1 mm/min chipping and indirect tensile fracture speed tests were carried out till fracture occurred. The data so obtained were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's honestly significant difference multiple comparisons test (p< 0.05). At the end of the test, the fractured areas of the specimens were evaluated by the chief researcher to assess the fracture pattern of the teeth. RESULTS The indirect tensile fracture values of the 3D printed teeth were more than that of Pala Premium-8 and SR-Orthosit-PE but it was lower than that of Portrait IPN teeth. In chipping test, buccal chipping of the loaded cusp was seen in 3D printed resin without distortion and in indirect tensile test in 3D printed resin teeth, line of fracture emerges near the loading point propagates from the inner incline of both cusps and extends cervically, unlike in other groups where first deformation occurs then fracture. CONCLUSION Prosthetic teeth fabricated by the 3D printing technique using printable resin material provide adequate fracture resistance as denture teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Chaturvedi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shobhit Singh Tomar
- Dentistry Department, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Lalima Kumari
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, India
| | - Shruti Gill
- Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Kamal Nayan
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Mithila Minority Dental College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Darbhanga, Bihar, India
| | - Mansoor Shariff
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tushar V Bhagat
- College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Khalid Addas
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Guo X, Zhao H, Zhang Z. Effects of Streptococcus mutans and its fluoride resistant strains on the adhesion of CAD/CAM ceramics to teeth and resin. Technol Health Care 2023; 31:125-139. [PMID: 35754240 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The similar elastic modulus of resin-matrix ceramics to dentin has resulted in their recent widespread application clinically. Nevertheless, the bacterial environment of oral cavity can degrade the resin composite. OBJECTIVE The objective was to analyse the effect of S. mutans and its fluoride-resistant strains on the adhesion of three CAD/CAM ceramics. METHODS S. mutans UA159 (UA) was identified, and its fluoride-resistant strain (FR) was induced. For crack observation, three kinds of CAD/CAM ceramics (IPS Empress, Lava Ultimate and Vita Enamic) were bonded with tooth complex (enamel, dentin and flowable resin) through adhesive. For micro-tensile test, ceramics were bonded with flowable resin, and cut into strip test pieces. Then specimens were immersed into the UA, FR and the control solution (BHI) separately for 14 d. Ceramic-adhesive interface and adhesive-tooth complex interface were observed and analyzed through electron microscope and stereomicroscope. Micro-tensile test was conducted. RESULTS Specimens in bacterial solutions had more cracks and comparatively weaker micro-tensile strength than those in BHI. In ceramic-adhesive interface, Lava Ultimate produced the most cracks. In adhesive-tooth complex interface, adhesive-dentin produced the most cracks. Meanwhile, IPS Empress had the strongest micro-tensile strength when bonded with resin. CONCLUSIONS S. mutans and its fluoride resistant strain can cause cracks in the bonding of ceramics and dental tissue, especially resin-matrix ceramic and dentin, and weaken the bonding strength between ceramics and resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Guo
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,College of Dentistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Li H, Chen X, Tang Y, Yang Y, He F, Wang X, Li G, Chen K, Ouyang P, Yang Y. Separation, purification, and crystallization of 1,5-pentanediamine hydrochloride from fermentation broth by cation resin. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1104041. [PMID: 36686243 PMCID: PMC9845778 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1104041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
1,5-Pentanediamine hydrochloride (PDAH) was an important raw material for the preparation of bio-based pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI). PDI has shown excellent properties in the application of adhesives and thermosetting polyurethane. In this study, PDAH was recovered from 1,5-pentanediamine (PDA) fermentation broth using a cation exchange resin and purified by crystallization. D152 was selected as the most suitable resin for purifying PDAH. The effects of solution pH, initial temperature, concentration of PDA, and adsorption time were studied by the static adsorption method. The equilibrium adsorption data were well fitted to Langmiur, Freundlich, and Temkin-Pyzhev adsorption isotherms. The adsorption free energy, enthalpy, and entropy were calculated. The experimental data were well described by the pseudo first-order kinetics model. The dynamic experiment in the fixed bed column showed that under optimal conditions, the adsorption capacity reached 96.45 mg g-1, and the recovery proportion of the effective section reached 80.16%. In addition, the crystallization of the PDAH solution obtained by elution proved that the crystal product quality of resin eluting solution was highest. Thus, our research will contribute to the industrial scale-up of the separation of PDAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yibo Tang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng He
- Jiangsu Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, JITRI Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ganlu Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kequan Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Kequan Chen,
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuning Yang
- Gansu Yinguang Juyin Chemical Co., Ltd., Baiyin, China
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Egan PF, Khatri NR, Parab MA, Arefin AME. Mechanics of 3D-Printed Polymer Lattices with Varied Design and Processing Strategies. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14. [PMID: 36559882 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging polymer 3D-printing technologies are enabling the design and fabrication of mechanically efficient lattice structures with intricate microscale structures. During fabrication, manufacturing inconsistencies can affect mechanical efficiency, thereby driving a need to investigate how design and processing strategies influence outcomes. Here, mechanical testing is conducted for 3D-printed lattice structures while altering topology, relative density, and exposure time per layer using digital light processing (DLP). Experiments compared a Cube topology with 800 µm beams and Body-Centered Cube (BCC) topologies with 500 or 800 µm beams, all designed with 40% relative density. Cube lattices had the lowest mean measured relative density of ~42%, while the 500 µm BCC lattice had the highest relative density of ~55%. Elastic modulus, yield strength, and ultimate strength had a positive correlation with measured relative density when considering measurement distributions for thirty samples of each design. BCC lattices designed with 50%, 40%, and 30% relative densities were then fabricated with exposure-per-layer times of 1500 and 1750 ms. Increasing exposure time per layer resulted in higher scaling of mechanical properties to relative density compared to design alteration strategies. These results reveal how design and fabrication strategies affect mechanical performance of lattices suitable for diverse engineering applications.
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Paradowska-Stolarz A, Malysa A, Mikulewicz M. Comparison of the Compression and Tensile Modulus of Two Chosen Resins Used in Dentistry for 3D Printing. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15248956. [PMID: 36556761 PMCID: PMC9783505 DOI: 10.3390/ma15248956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
(1) The CAD/CAM technique exploiting 3D printing is becoming more and more popular in dentistry. The resins are used in all the dental specialties, including conservative dentistry, prosthodontics, surgery, and orthodontics. The interest in investigating the different properties of dental materials has been an aim of researchers. The purpose of the presented study was to compare the properties of two 3D-printable dental resins (both rigid, used for medical purposes). (2) Methods: Ten blocks of two-type shapes were printed on a printer designed for medical use. The tensile modulus and compression were investigated and compared. The axial compression test was performed according to the PN-EN ISO 604:2003 norm, while the tensile test was performed according to the PN-En ISO 527-1-2019 (E) norm. In the first test, the sample size of the perpendicular shape was 10 ± 0.2 mm × 10 ± 0.2 mm × 4 ± 0.2 mm and in the second it was 75 mm, the end width 10 mm, and the thickness 2 mm. (3) Results: The statistical analysis based on ANOVA tests showed that all the obtained results were statistically significant. Both of the examined materials had similar properties and were resistant and stable in shape. The tensile modulus and compression tests performed on them gave similar results. They also showed high durability to compression and tensility. (4) Conclusions: Both of the examined materials were durable and rigid materials. BioMed Amber was more resistant to compression, while Dental LT clear was more resistant in the tensility test. Although both resins had similar physical properties, it is still disputable whether the chosen materials could be used interchangeably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paradowska-Stolarz
- Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wrocław Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Malysa
- Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wrocław Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Mikulewicz
- Division of Dentofacial Anomalies, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Wrocław Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław, Poland
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Devi NS, Veeraiyan DN, Sivaswamy V, Maiti S, Ganapathy DM, Rajaraman V. Phosphorescent wax - The novel approach of innovation. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2022; 13:S496-S499. [PMID: 36798543 PMCID: PMC9926620 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_195_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present invention relates to dental compositions that include a phosphorescent material, more particularly, adding phosphorescent material to waxes that used in dentistry. The aim of the study is to develop a wax that has innate phosphorescent properties. Three groups of samples were taken in which the phosphorescent material was added. Three groups were later compared for their phosphorescent property in the material. All the samples in the initial molten state were poured into a mold made of silicone impression material and allowed to set. The material was placed in a dark room, and visual examination was done to compare the materials. From the samples obtained, paraffin wax showed more phosphorescent property than beeswax. The least phosphorescent property was seen in marginal wax. It can be concluded from this study that paraffin wax showed the most phosphorescent property.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sanjana Devi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Nallaswamy Veeraiyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinay Sivaswamy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Subhabrata Maiti, Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
| | - Dhanraj M. Ganapathy
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vaishnavi Rajaraman
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Vidakis N, Petousis M, Papadakis VM, Mountakis N. Multifunctional Medical Grade Resin with Enhanced Mechanical and Antibacterial Properties: The Effect of Copper Nano-Inclusions in Vat Polymerization (VPP) Additive Manufacturing. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040258. [PMID: 36412900 PMCID: PMC9680439 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vat photopolymerization (VPP) is an additive manufacturing process commonly used in medical applications. This work aims, for the first time in the literature, to extend and enhance the performance of a commercial medical-grade resin for the VPP process, with the development of nanocomposites, using Copper (Cu) nanoparticles as the additive at two different concentrations. The addition of the Cu nanoparticles was expected to enhance the mechanical properties of the resin and to enable biocidal properties on the nanocomposites since Cu is known for its antibacterial performance. The effect of the Cu concentration was investigated. The nanocomposites were prepared with high-shear stirring. Specimens were 3D printed following international standards for mechanical testing. Their thermal and spectroscopic response was also investigated. The morphological characteristics were examined. The antibacterial performance was evaluated with an agar well diffusion screening process. The experimental results were analyzed with statistical modeling tools with two control parameters (three levels each) and eleven response parameters. Cu enhanced the mechanical properties in all cases studied. 0.5 wt.% Cu nanocomposite showed the highest improvement (approximately 11% in tensile and 10% in flexural strength). The antibacterial performance was sufficient against S. aureus and marginal against E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nectarios Vidakis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2810379227
| | - Markos Petousis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis M. Papadakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Mountakis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
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Burlaga B, Kroma A, Poszwa P, Kłosowiak R, Popielarski P, Stręk T. Heat Transfer Analysis of 3D Printed Wax Injection Mold Used in Investment Casting. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6545. [PMID: 36233880 PMCID: PMC9571762 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Investment casting is one of the precise casting methods where disposable wax patterns made in wax injection molds are used to make a casting mold. The production capacity of precision foundry is determined by the time taken for producing wax patterns, which depends on the time taken for wax solidification. Wax injection molds are usually made of aluminum or copper alloys with the use of expensive and time-consuming computer numerical control (CNC) processing, which makes low-volume production unprofitable. To reduce these costs, the authors present a heat transfer analysis of a 3D printed wax injection mold. Due to the low thermal conductivity of the photopolymer resin, the influence of different cooling channels' shapes was investigated to improve the time of the manufacturing process. Transient thermal analysis was performed using COMSOL software based on the finite element method (FEM) and included a simulation of wax injection mold cooling with cold air (-23 °C), water, and without cooling. The analysis showed that use of cooling channels in the case of photopolymer material significantly reduces the solidification time of the sample (about 10 s shorter), and that under certain conditions, it is possible to obtain better cooling than obtained with the aluminum reference wax injection mold (after approximately 25-30 s). This approach allows to reduce the production costs of low-volume castings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Burlaga
- Division of Virtual Engineering, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Kroma
- Division of Foundry and Plastic Working, Institute of Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Przemysław Poszwa
- Division of Foundry and Plastic Working, Institute of Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Robert Kłosowiak
- Division of Aeronautical Engineering, Institute of Thermal Energy, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Popielarski
- Division of Foundry and Plastic Working, Institute of Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stręk
- Division of Technical Mechanics, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Seino S, Ohkubo Y, Magara T, Enomoto H, Nakajima E, Nishida T, Imoto Y, Nakagawa T. Development of Direct Immobilization Technique of Ag Nanoparticles on Resin Substrates Imparting High Antibacterial and Antiviral Activities. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:3046. [PMID: 36080083 PMCID: PMC9457845 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A new method has been developed to impart the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles to resin substrates. A resin substrate immersed in an aqueous solution of silver nitrate was irradiated with gamma ray or high energy electron beams. Silver nanoparticles were successfully immobilized on the resin surface directly by chemical reactions induced by ionizing radiation. It was experimentally confirmed that various resin materials, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polycarbonate, were applicable for this process. The effects of gamma ray or electron beam irradiation on resin substrates were almost negligible since the irradiation dose was equal or less than that used for sterilization. Despite the small amount of Ag loadings, the obtained samples showed high antibacterial and antiviral activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Seino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Ohkubo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomonari Magara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Enomoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eri Nakajima
- Japan Textile Products Quality and Technology Center, 5-7-3, Shimoyamate-dori, Chuo-ku, Kobe-City 650-0011, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nishida
- Japan Textile Products Quality and Technology Center, 5-7-3, Shimoyamate-dori, Chuo-ku, Kobe-City 650-0011, Japan
| | - Yasuo Imoto
- Japan Textile Products Quality and Technology Center, 5-7-3, Shimoyamate-dori, Chuo-ku, Kobe-City 650-0011, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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Tsolakis IA, Gizani S, Tsolakis AI, Panayi N. Three-Dimensional-Printed Customized Orthodontic and Pedodontic Appliances: A Critical Review of a New Era for Treatment. Children (Basel) 2022; 9:1107. [PMID: 35892610 DOI: 10.3390/children9081107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) designing and manufacturing technology is a direct derivative of digital technology. Three-dimensional volume and surface acquisition, CAD software, and 3D manufacturing are major changes included in daily practice in many orthodontic and pedodontic offices. Customized appliances can be designed using dental CAD software or general-purpose CAD software in the office or a laboratory. Materials that can be used are resins, alloys, or zirconia. Methods: The search strategy of this critical review included keywords in combination with MeSH terms in Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Library up to June 2022 in the English language without any limit to the publication period. Results: According to our search, 12 articles were selected for our study. All the articles were in vitro prospective studies. Conclusions: The results suggested that almost all the known appliances can be designed and printed in a tailor-made fashion in contrast to the traditional one-size-fits-all approach. Customized appliances should be manufactured according to the patient’s needs, and this is justified by the certainty that this approach will be beneficial for the patient’s treatment. There is a need for more research on all direct 3D-printed appliances.
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Magalhães S, Alves L, Romano A, Medronho B, Rasteiro MDG. Extraction and Characterization of Microplastics from Portuguese Industrial Effluents. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142902. [PMID: 35890677 PMCID: PMC9318256 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are contaminants present in the environment. The current study evaluates the contribution of different well-established industrial sectors in Portugal regarding their release of MPs and potential contamination of the aquifers. For each type of industry, samples were collected from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), and different parameters were evaluated, such as the potential contamination sources, the concentration, and the composition of the MPs, in both the incoming and outcoming effluents. The procedures to extract and identify MPs in the streams entering or leaving the WWTPs were optimized. All industrial effluents analysed were found to contribute to the increase of MPs in the environment. However, the paint and pharmaceutical activities were the ones showing higher impact. Contrary to many reports, the textile industry contribution to aquifers contamination was not found to be particularly relevant. Its main impact is suggested to come from the numerous washing cycles that textiles suffer during their lifetime, which is expected to strongly contribute to a continuous release of MPs. The predominant chemical composition of the isolated MPs was found to be polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In 2020, the global need for PET was 27 million tons and by 2030, global PET demand is expected to be 42 million tons. Awareness campaigns are recommended to mitigate MPs release to the environment and its potential negative impact on ecosystems and biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Magalhães
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering Pólo II–R. Silvio Lima, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Luís Alves
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering Pólo II–R. Silvio Lima, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (L.A.); (B.M.); (M.d.G.R.)
| | - Anabela Romano
- MED–Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Bruno Medronho
- MED–Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
- FSCN, Surface and Colloid Engineering, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
- Correspondence: (L.A.); (B.M.); (M.d.G.R.)
| | - Maria da Graça Rasteiro
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering Pólo II–R. Silvio Lima, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (L.A.); (B.M.); (M.d.G.R.)
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Bekeschus S, Miebach L, Pommerening J, Clemen R, Witzke K. Biological Risk Assessment of Three Dental Composite Materials following Gas Plasma Exposure. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144519. [PMID: 35889393 PMCID: PMC9322037 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gas plasma is an approved technology that generates a plethora of reactive oxygen species, which are actively applied for chronic wound healing. Its particular antimicrobial action has spurred interest in other medical fields, such as periodontitis in dentistry. Recent work has indicated the possibility of performing gas plasma-mediated biofilm removal on teeth. Teeth frequently contain restoration materials for filling cavities, e.g., resin-based composites. However, it is unknown if such materials are altered upon gas plasma exposure. To this end, we generated a new in-house workflow for three commonly used resin-based composites following gas plasma treatment and incubated the material with human HaCaT keratinocytes in vitro. Cytotoxicity was investigated by metabolic activity analysis, flow cytometry, and quantitative high-content fluorescence imaging. The inflammatory consequences were assessed using quantitative analysis of 13 different chemokines and cytokines in the culture supernatants. Hydrogen peroxide served as the control condition. A modest but significant cytotoxic effect was observed in the metabolic activity and viability after plasma treatment for all three composites. This was only partially treatment time-dependent and the composites alone affected the cells to some extent, as evident by differential secretion profiles of VEGF, for example. Gas plasma composite modification markedly elevated the secretion of IL6, IL8, IL18, and CCL2, with the latter showing the highest correlation with treatment time (Pearson’s r > 0.95). Cell culture media incubated with gas plasma-treated composite chips and added to cells thereafter could not replicate the effects, pointing to the potential that surface modifications elicited the findings. In conclusion, our data suggest that gas plasma treatment modifies composite material surfaces to a certain extent, leading to measurable but overall modest biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (L.M.); (J.P.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3834-554-3948
| | - Lea Miebach
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (L.M.); (J.P.); (R.C.)
- Department of General, Vascular, Thoracic, and Visceral Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jonas Pommerening
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (L.M.); (J.P.); (R.C.)
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial, and Plastic Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Ramona Clemen
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (L.M.); (J.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Katharina Witzke
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial, and Plastic Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
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Li B, Shen C. Solid Stress-Distribution-Oriented Design and Topology Optimization of 3D-Printed Heterogeneous Lattice Structures with Light Weight and High Specific Rigidity. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142807. [PMID: 35890584 PMCID: PMC9319585 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lightweight structural design is greatly valued in the aviation, aerospace, and automotive industries. Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques provide viable and popular technical pathways for the rapid design and manufacturing of lightweight lattice structures. Unlike the conventional design idea of a geometrically homogenized lattice structure, this work provides a design method for structurally heterogeneous lattice according to the spatial stress state of 3D-printed parts. Following the quasi-static stress numerical simulations of solid components, finite element mesh units were inconsistently replaced by lattice units with different specific rigidities corresponding to the localized stress levels. Relying on the topology optimization further lightened the lattice structure under quasi-static stress after removing some parts with extremely low stress from the overall structure. As an embodiment of this design idea, face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice units with different strut diameters were employed to non-uniformly and adaptively fill a solid part under localized loading. The topological optimization was conducted on the solid part globally. Then, the topologically optimized solid and the heterogeneous lattice structure were subjected to the geometric Boolean operation. Stereolithographic 3D printing was utilized to fabricate the homogeneous and heterogeneous lattice structural parts for comparative tests of three-point bending. Three evaluation indicators were defined for the standardized assessment of the geometrically complex lattice structures for the performance evaluation. This demonstrated that the heterogeneous lattice part exhibited better comprehensive mechanical performance than the uniform lattice. This work proved the feasibility of this new perspective on 3D-printed lightweight structure design and topology optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China;
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High-End Equipment Reliability, Shanghai 200237, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Ciming Shen
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China;
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Wardoyo EY, Sari AP, Djojo AY, Sarwono J, Mokoagow MI, Darnindro N, Nasarudin J, Epriliawati M, Manurung A, Iskandar M, Wibisana KA, Widyastuti AAA, Mardiyah R. Hemoperfusion as an Adjuvant Therapy in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Single Centre Experience. Acta Med Indones 2022; 54:444-450. [PMID: 36156468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mortality rate among maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients with COVID-19 is alarmingly high. In Fatmawati General Hospital, most of HD patients with COVID-19 presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Hemoperfusion (HP) is a blood purification therapy used to remove cytokines and inflammatory mediators to prevent ARDS worsening and organ failure. We report 6 cases of COVID-19 in maintenance HD patients. HP and HD were performed in two consecutive days when patient developed early ARDS as indicated by inflammatory markers elevation. HP and HD were conducted by using resin-containing cartridge and high-flux dialyzer, respectively, for 4 hours. Improvements in CRP levels, PaO2/FiO2 ratios, and chest X-rays were observed after 2 sessions of HP in most of our patients. Based on our clinical experience, the timing of HP delivery is critical and should be undertaken in the early phase of ARDS, but larger studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Yasmine Wardoyo
- Division of Renal Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Fatmawati Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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