1
|
Miranda ML, Danelon M, Delbem ACB, Kopp W, Nunes GP, Brighenti FL. Enhanced anti-biofilm and anti-caries potential of arginine combined with calcium glycerophosphate and fluoride. J Dent 2024; 146:105039. [PMID: 38714243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibiofilm and anticaries properties of the association of arginine (Arg) with calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) and fluoride (F). METHODS An active attachment, polymicrobial biofilm model obtained from saliva and bovine teeth discs were used. After the initial biofilm growth period, the enamel discs were transferred to culture medium. The treatment solutions were added to the culture media to achieve the desired final concentration. The following groups were used: negative control (Control); F (110 ppm F); CaGP (0.05 %); Arg (0.8 %) and their associations (F + CaGP; Arg + F; Arg + CaGP; Arg +F + CaGP). The following analyses were carried out: bacterial viability (total bacteria, aciduric bacteria and mutans streptococci), pH assessment of the spent culture medium, dry weight quantification, evaluation of surface hardness loss (%SH) and subsurface mineral content. Normality and homoscedasticity were tested (Shapiro-Wilk and Levene's test) and the following tests were applied: two-way ANOVA (acidogenicity), Kruskall-Wallis (microbial viability) and one way ANOVA (dry weight, %SH, mineral content). RESULTS The association Arg + F + CaGP resulted in the lowest surface hardness loss in tooth enamel (-10.9 ± 2.3 %; p < 0.05). Arg +F + CaGP exhibited highest values of subsurface mineral content (10.1 ± 2.9 gHAP/cm3) in comparison to Control and F (p < 0.05). In comparison to Control and F, Arg +F + CaGP promoted the highest reduction in aciduric bacteria and mutans streptococci (5.7 ± 0.4; 4.4 ± 0.5 logCFU/mL, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The Arg-F-Ca association demonstrated to be the most effective combination in protecting the loss of surface hardness and subsurface mineral content, in addition to controlling important virulence factors of the cariogenic biofilm. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Our findings provide evidence that the Arg-F-Ca association showed an additive effect, particularly concerning protection against enamel demineralization. The combination of these compounds may be a strategy for patients at high risk of caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lins Miranda
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Department of Morphology, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelle Danelon
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - Willian Kopp
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Department of Morphology, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Pereira Nunes
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Department of Morphology, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ding J, Zhu X, Lin Q, Lin L, Yang Z, Zhu S. Effects of Arginine-calcium carbonate pretreatment on the remineralizing and bonding performance of phosphorylated dentin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105718. [PMID: 36774762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of Arginine-calcium carbonate (Arg-CaCO3) paste treatment of phosphorylated dentin on remineralizing and bonding performance during direct and indirect restorations under pulpal pressure. METHODS Under simulated pulpal pressure, dentin of healthy third molars were abraded and acid etched for 15s, then randomly divided into 4 groups: negative control group; Arg-CaCO3 group (1min); 2.5% Sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) group (3min); S-A group, 2.5% STMP + Arg-CaCO3. After 24h, remineralization and dentin tubular occlusion were assessed by Attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Micro-Raman spectroscopy, Vickers hardness, Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Energy X-ray dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The liquid environment was the simulated body fluid (SBF) permeated from dentin tubules due to pulpal pressure. Stick specimens prepared with self-etch dentin adhesive were tested for microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and interfacial silver nanoleakage on both immediate direct restoration and indirect restoration with a 7-day temporary period. Data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, Welch ANOVA or one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (p < 0.05). RESULTS The pretreatment of 2.5% STMP with Arg-CaCO3 significantly increased relative mineral content by ATR-FTIR, Raman and FESEM-EDS, simultaneously enhancing dentin tubular occlusion (%) and mechanical property to the most considerable extent. Furthermore, the pretreatment significantly promoted the μTBS of indirect restoration and reduced nanoleakage after 7 days. CONCLUSIONS The application of Arg-CaCO3 paste on phosphorylated dentin could improve intra- and extra-tubular mineralization and the stability of adhesion interface. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Without exceeding the amount of conventional tooth preparation, combining 2.5% STMP with Arg-CaCO3 paste before the self-etch bonding system might be a promising clinical strategy to relieve dentin hypersensitivity and strengthen bonding performance efficiently and conveniently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Ding
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xuanyan Zhu
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Lingkang Lin
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Zhengyuan Yang
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Song Zhu
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fernandes NLS, Silva JGVC, de Sousa EBG, D'Alpino PHP, de Oliveira AFB, de Jong EDJ, Sampaio FC. Effectiveness of fluoride-containing toothpastes associated with different technologies to remineralize enamel after pH cycling: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:489. [PMID: 36376830 PMCID: PMC9664592 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the efficacy of fluoride-containing toothpastes with different technologies to remineralize artificial caries lesions in enamel. METHODS Bovine enamel blocks were divided into three thirds: intact (untreated), demineralized (artificial caries lesion), and treated (caries lesion, pH cycling with dentifrices). Enamel blocks were randomly distributed into five groups (n = 12): Fluoride-free toothpaste, Colgate Oral Care (NC); Arginine-containing toothpaste, Colgate Total Daily Repair (PC); Silicate-based fluoride toothpaste: REFIX technology, regenerador + sensitive (RDC), NR-5 technology, Regenerate Enamel Science (RES), and NOVAMIN technology, Sensodyne Repair and Protect (SRP). The specimens were submitted to a pH cycling model for 6 days. The efficacy of the toothpastes was estimated by calculating the surface microhardness recovery (%SMHR) and the fluorescence recovery (ΔFRE) with quantitative light-induced fluorescence. The cross-sectional micromorphology of the enamel surface was also assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Elemental analyses (weight%) were determined with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The results were compared to that of the control (NC). Data were statistically analyzed (5%). RESULTS %SMHR could be ranked as follows: RDC = PC = RES = SRP > NC. Significantly higher %SMHR and ΔFRE means were observed after enamel treatment with RDC (22.7 and 46.9, respectively). PC (%SMHR = 18.8) was as efficacious as RDC to recover the surface microhardness with a significantly lower mean of ΔFRE (19.5). Only RDC was able to promote the formation of a mineralized layer on the surface of enamel enriched with silicon on the surface. CONCLUSIONS The silicate-based fluoride toothpaste containing REFIX technology demonstrated greater efficacy in the remineralizing artificial caries than the other products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayanna Lana Soares Fernandes
- Stricto Sensu Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Clinical and Community Dentistry, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo Henrique Perlatti D'Alpino
- Triplet Biotechnology Solution, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- POSMAT - Post-Graduate Program in Materials Science and Technology, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fábio Correia Sampaio
- Stricto Sensu Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Clinical and Community Dentistry, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Razeghian-Jahromi I, Babanouri N, Ebrahimi Z, Najafi HZ, Sarbaz M, Montazeri-Najafabady N. Effect of 8% arginine toothpaste on Streptococcus mutans in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment: randomized controlled trial. Dental Press J Orthod 2022; 27:e2220322. [PMID: 35792788 PMCID: PMC9255989 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.27.3.e2220322.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the effect of toothpaste containing 8% arginine on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in dental plaque around orthodontic brackets, and to draw a comparison with a regular fluoride toothpaste. Trial design: A single-center, parallel-arm, triple-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted. Methods: The clinical trial was conducted at the Orthodontic Clinic, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Seventy-two patients (age range: 15-30 years) who required fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited and randomly assigned to arginine and fluoride groups. Randomization was performed using RANDOM.ORG online software, and the participants were divided into two parallel groups, with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Patients were requested to brush their teeth twice daily for 30 days with an experimental toothpaste. Plaque sampling was performed at two intervals, namely at the beginning of the study (T0) and 30 days later (T1). Real-time PCR was used to assess plaque samples in terms of the number of S. mutans surrounding stainless steel brackets in orthodontic patients. A triple-blind design was employed. Results: The baseline characteristics (age, sex, and the relative number of S. mutans) between the groups were similar (p>0.05). Only the arginine group showed a significant decrease in the relative number of bacteria between T0 and T1 (p=0.02). Conclusion: Arginine is an important prebiotic agent in maintaining healthy oral biofilms, and prevent dental caries during fixed orthodontic treatments. Trial registration: The trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20181121041713N2), https://en.irct.ir/user/trial/42409/view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Neda Babanouri
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Orthodontic Research Center (Shiraz, Iran)
| | - Zahra Ebrahimi
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Orthodontic Research Center (Shiraz, Iran)
| | - Hooman Zarif Najafi
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Orthodontic Research Center (Shiraz, Iran)
| | - Maryam Sarbaz
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Orthodontic Research Center (Shiraz, Iran)
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Miranda ML, Silva BNS, Salomão KB, de Oliveira AB, Gabbai-Armelin PR, Brighenti FL. Effect of arginine on microorganisms involved in dental caries: a systematic literature review of in vitro studies. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:696-709. [PMID: 32752889 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1802587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to discuss the effects of arginine on caries-related microorganisms in different in vitro biofilm models. The eligibility criteria were in vitro studies that evaluated the effect of arginine at different concentrations on caries-related microorganisms using biofilm models. Eighteen studies published between 2012 and 2019 were included. Different bacterial species were studied. Seventeen studies (94.4%) achieved a low risk of bias and only one showed a medium risk of bias. The studies showed that arginine is a promising approach for the ecological management of dental caries. The focus of this review was to evaluate the effects of arginine on microorganisms involved in the mechanism of dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lins Miranda
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Bianca Núbia Souza Silva
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Karina Borges Salomão
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Analú Barros de Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Gabbai-Armelin
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Antimicrobial Activity of Protamine-Loaded Calcium Phosphates against Oral Bacteria. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172816. [PMID: 31480654 PMCID: PMC6747779 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Protamine is an antimicrobial peptide extracted from fish. In this study, we loaded protamine onto dicalcium phosphate anhydride (DCPA), a dental material. Protamine was loaded by stirring DCPA into a protamine solution. To explore the antimicrobial activity of the materials, we cultivated Streptococcus mutans on fabricated discs for 24 h. When S. mutans was cultivated on the discs under no sucrose conditions, the loaded protamine was not released, and the ratio of dead bacteria increased on the surface of P (125) DCPA (half of the saturated level of protamine (125 ppm protamine) was loaded). Aside from P (500) DCPA (saturated level of protamine was loaded), some protamine was released, and the number of planktonic bacteria in the supernatant decreased. Using medium containing 1% sucrose, the release of protamine was promoted from P (125) DCPA due to lowered pH. However, lowering of the pH decreased the antimicrobial activity of protamine. On the other hand, P (500) DCPA released protamine before the pH was lowered, and biofilm formation was inhibited. The loaded protamine expressed antimicrobial activity, both on the surface of the materials and in the surrounding environment. The interaction of loaded protamine with calcium phosphates could promote the application of protamine in the dental field.
Collapse
|
7
|
Camargo SEA, Milhan NVM, Saraiva FDO, Oliveira JRD, Oliveira LDD, Camargo CHR. Are Desensitizing Toothpastes Equally Biocompatible and Effective Against Microorganisms? Braz Dent J 2017; 28:604-611. [PMID: 29215686 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201701413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were evaluate cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, antimicrobial activity of desensitizing toothpastes compared to a common one and the surface roughness of tooth enamel submitted to brushing with these toothpastes. Samples of three desensitizing toothpastes (Colgate Sensitive, Sensodyne and Oral B Sensitive) and common toothpaste (Colgate) were placed in contact with gingival human fibroblasts. Cytotoxicity and genotoxocity were measured by MTT assay and micronucleus test. Antimicrobial activity of the toothpastes extracts against C. albicans, S. mutans and S. aureus were assessed. For surface roughness evaluation, bovine teeth were submitted to 10.000 brushing cycles. The results were analyzed statically using Mann-Whitney U, ANOVA and Z tests (p<0.05). All toothpastes caused cytotoxic effect to the cells (p<0.05), except Colgate Sensitive. The toothpastes did not increase the number of micronuclei compared to the untreated control group. Colgate eliminated all the evaluated microorganisms at lower concentrations compared to Colgate Sensitive and Oral B Sensitive, which were not able to eliminate S. aureus. Sensodyne did not reach the minimum microbicidal concentration. The surface roughness of tooth enamel increased after brushing with Colgate Sensitive and Oral B Sensitive, however the comparison between groups showed no difference on the enamel surface roughness presented by desensitizing toothpastes when compared with the common one (p>0.05). Based on these results, we can conclude that although none toothpaste has induced genotoxicity, Colgate Sensitive was also not cytotoxic. Colgate was the most effective against the microorganisms, and there were no differences on the enamel surface roughness between the groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samira Esteves Afonso Camargo
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Noala Vicensoto Moreira Milhan
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Oliveira Saraiva
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonatas Rafael de Oliveira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Ribeiro Camargo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang X, Zhang K, Deng M, Exterkate RA, Liu C, Zhou X, Cheng L, ten Cate JM. Effect of arginine on the growth and biofilm formation of oral bacteria. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 82:256-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
9
|
Zheng X, He J, Wang L, Zhou S, Peng X, Huang S, Zheng L, Cheng L, Hao Y, Li J, Xu J, Xu X, Zhou X. Ecological Effect of Arginine on Oral Microbiota. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7206. [PMID: 28775282 PMCID: PMC5543048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is closely associated with the microbial dybiosis between acidogenic/aciduric pathogens and alkali-generating commensal bacteria colonized in the oral cavity. Our recent studies have shown that arginine may represent a promising anti-caries agent by modulating microbial composition in an in vitro consortium. However, the effect of arginine on the oral microbiota has yet to be comprehensively delineated in either clinical cohort or in vitro biofilm models that better represent the microbial diversity of oral cavity. Here, by employing a clinical cohort and a saliva-derived biofilm model, we demonstrated that arginine treatment could favorably modulate the oral microbiota of caries-active individuals. Specifically, treatment with arginine-containing dentifrice normalized the oral microbiota of caries-active individuals similar to that of caries-free controls in terms of microbial structure, abundance of typical species, enzymatic activities of glycolysis and alkali-generation related enzymes and their corresponding transcripts. Moreover, we found that combinatory use of arginine with fluoride could better enrich alkali-generating Streptococcus sanguinis and suppress acidogenic/aciduric Streptococcus mutans, and thus significantly retard the demineralizing capability of saliva-derived oral biofilm. Hence, we propose that fluoride and arginine have a potential synergistic effect in maintaining an eco-friendly oral microbial equilibrium in favor of better caries management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinzhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi Huang
- Single-Cell Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqing Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Geriatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Single-Cell Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang SP, Ge Y, Zhou XD, Xu HHK, Weir MD, Zhang KK, Wang HH, Hannig M, Rupf S, Li Q, Cheng L. Effect of anti-biofilm glass-ionomer cement on Streptococcus mutans biofilms. Int J Oral Sci 2016; 8:76-83. [PMID: 27357319 PMCID: PMC4932770 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2015.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental restorative materials with antimicrobial properties can inhibit bacterial colonization, which may result in a reduction of caries at tooth-filling interaction zones. This study aimed to develop antibacterial glass-ionomer cements (GIC) containing a quaternary ammonium monomer (dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate, DMADDM), and to investigate their effect on material performance and antibacterial properties. Different mass fractions (0, 1.1% and 2.2%) of DMADDM were incorporated into the GIC. The flexure strength, surface charge density, surface roughness and fluoride release were tested. A Streptococcus mutans biofilm model was used. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) staining was used to analyze the inhibitory effect of DMADDM on the biofilm matrix. In addition, biofilm metabolic activity, lactic acid metabolism and the expression of glucosyltransferase genes gtfB, gtfC and gtfD were measured. GIC containing 1.1% and 2.2% DMADDM had flexural strengths matching those of the commercial control (P>0.1). DMADDM was able to increase the surface charge density but reduced surface roughness (P<0.05). The incorporation of 1.1% and 2.2% DMADDM elevated the release of fluoride by the GIC in the first 2 days (P<0.05). The novel DMADDM-modified GIC significantly reduced biofilm metabolic activity (P<0.05) and decreased lactic acid production (P<0.05). The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results showed that the expression of gtfB, gtfC and gtfD decreased when mass fractions of DMADDM increased (P<0.05). EPS staining showed that both the bacteria and EPS in biofilm decreased in the DMADDM groups. The incorporation of DMADDM could modify the properties of GIC to influence the development of S. mutans biofilms. In this study, we investigated the interface properties of antibacterial materials for the first time. GIC containing DMADDM can improve material performance and antibacterial properties and may contribute to the better management of secondary caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Dong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hockin HK Xu
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ke-Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Stefan Rupf
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Qian Li
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pratten J, Wiecek J, Mordan N, Lomax A, Patel N, Spratt D, Middleton AM. Physical disruption of oral biofilms by sodium bicarbonate: an in vitro study. Int J Dent Hyg 2015. [PMID: 26198308 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sodium bicarbonate has been shown clinically to be efficacious at removing dental plaque; however, its effect of mechanism against biofilms has not been evaluated in vitro. Here, we used a well-established in vitro plaque biofilm model to investigate the disruption of dental plaque biofilms. METHODS Biofilms were grown in a constant depth film fermentor for up to 14 days. The fermentor was inoculated with pooled human saliva and growth maintained with artificial saliva. After various time points, replicate biofilms were removed and subjected to treatment at varying concentrations of sodium bicarbonate. Disruption of the plaque was assessed by viable counts and microscopy. RESULTS The viable count results showed that younger biofilms were less susceptible to the action of sodium bicarbonate; however, biofilms of 7 days and older were increasingly susceptible to the material with the oldest biofilms being the most susceptible. Sixty-seven percentage of sodium bicarbonate slurry was able to reduce the number of organisms present by approx. 3 log10 . These quantitative data were corroborated qualitatively with both confocal and electron microscopy, which both showed substantial qualitative removal of mature biofilms. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study have shown that sodium bicarbonate is able to disrupt mature dental plaque grown in vitro and that its reported efficacy in maintaining oral hygiene may be related to this key factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Pratten
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Weybridge, Surrey, UK
| | - J Wiecek
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - N Mordan
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - A Lomax
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Weybridge, Surrey, UK
| | - N Patel
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Weybridge, Surrey, UK
| | - D Spratt
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - A M Middleton
- GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Weybridge, Surrey, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kolderman E, Bettampadi D, Samarian D, Dowd SE, Foxman B, Jakubovics NS, Rickard AH. L-arginine destabilizes oral multi-species biofilm communities developed in human saliva. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121835. [PMID: 25946040 PMCID: PMC4422691 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The amino acid L-arginine inhibits bacterial coaggregation, is involved in cell-cell signaling, and alters bacterial metabolism in a broad range of species present in the human oral cavity. Given the range of effects of L-arginine on bacteria, we hypothesized that L-arginine might alter multi-species oral biofilm development and cause developed multi-species biofilms to disassemble. Because of these potential biofilm-destabilizing effects, we also hypothesized that L-arginine might enhance the efficacy of antimicrobials that normally cannot rapidly penetrate biofilms. A static microplate biofilm system and a controlled-flow microfluidic system were used to develop multi-species oral biofilms derived from pooled unfiltered cell-containing saliva (CCS) in pooled filter-sterilized cell-free saliva (CFS) at 37oC. The addition of pH neutral L-arginine monohydrochloride (LAHCl) to CFS was found to exert negligible antimicrobial effects but significantly altered biofilm architecture in a concentration-dependent manner. Under controlled flow, the biovolume of biofilms (μm3/μm2) developed in saliva containing 100-500 mM LAHCl were up to two orders of magnitude less than when developed without LAHCI. Culture-independent community analysis demonstrated that 500 mM LAHCl substantially altered biofilm species composition: the proportion of Streptococcus and Veillonella species increased and the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria such as Neisseria and Aggregatibacter species was reduced. Adding LAHCl to pre-formed biofilms also reduced biovolume, presumably by altering cell-cell interactions and causing cell detachment. Furthermore, supplementing 0.01% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), an antimicrobial commonly used for the treatment of dental plaque, with 500 mM LAHCl resulted in greater penetration of CPC into the biofilms and significantly greater killing compared to a non-supplemented 0.01% CPC solution. Collectively, this work demonstrates that LAHCl moderates multi-species oral biofilm development and community composition and enhances the activity of CPC. The incorporation of LAHCl into oral healthcare products may be useful for enhanced biofilm control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Kolderman
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Deepti Bettampadi
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Derek Samarian
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Scot E. Dowd
- Molecular Research LP (MR DNA), Shallowater, TX, United States of America
| | - Betsy Foxman
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Nicholas S. Jakubovics
- Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4BW, United States of America
| | - Alexander H. Rickard
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li YF, Sun HW, Gao R, Liu KY, Zhang HQ, Fu QH, Qing SL, Guo G, Zou QM. Inhibited biofilm formation and improved antibacterial activity of a novel nanoemulsion against cariogenic Streptococcus mutans in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:447-62. [PMID: 25624759 PMCID: PMC4296965 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s72920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare a novel nanoemulsion loaded with poorly water-soluble chlorhexidine acetate (CNE) to improve its solubility, and specifically enhance the antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans in vitro and in vivo. In this study, a novel CNE nanoemulsion with an average size of 63.13 nm and zeta potential of −67.13 mV comprising 0.5% CNE, 19.2% Tween 80, 4.8% propylene glycol, and 6% isopropyl myristate was prepared by the phase inversion method. Important characteristics such as the content, size, zeta potential, and pH value of CNE did not change markedly, stored at room temperature for 1 year. Also, compared with chlorhexidine acetate water solution (CHX), the release profile results show that the CNE has visibly delayed releasing effect in both phosphate-buffered saline and artificial saliva solutions (P<0.005). The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of CHX for S. mutans (both 0.8 μg/mL) are both two times those of CNE (0.4 μg/mL). Besides, CNE of 0.8 μg/mL exhibited fast-acting bactericidal efficacy against S. mutans, causing 95.07% death within 5 minutes, compared to CHX (73.33%) (P<0.01). We observed that 5 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL CNE were both superior to CHX, significantly reducing oral S. mutans numbers and reducing the severity of carious lesions in Sprague Dawley rats (P<0.05), in an in vivo test. CNE treatment at a concentration of 0.2 μg/mL inhibited biofilm formation more effectively than CHX, as indicated by the crystal violet staining method, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The cell membrane of S. mutans was also severely disrupted by 0.2 μg/mL CNE, as indicated by transmission electron microscopy. These results demonstrated that CNE greatly improved the solubility and antimicrobial activity of this agent against S. mutans both in vitro and in vivo. This novel nanoemulsion is a promising medicine for preventing and curing dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fei Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wu Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Gao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yun Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Qi Zhang
- Wanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control of Chongqing, Wanzhou, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Huan Fu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Li Qing
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Ming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chau NPT, Pandit S, Jung JE, Jeon JG. Evaluation of Streptococcus mutans adhesion to fluoride varnishes and subsequent change in biofilm accumulation and acidogenicity. J Dent 2014; 42:726-34. [PMID: 24694978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate Streptococcus mutans adhesion to fluoride varnishes and subsequent change in biofilm accumulation and acidogenicity. METHODS After producing fluoride varnish-coated hydroxyapatite discs using Fluor Protector (FP), Bifluorid 12 (BIF), Cavity Shield (CASH), or Flor-Opal Varnish White (FO), S. mutans biofilms were formed on the discs. To assess S. mutans adhesion to the discs, 4-h-old biofilms were analysed. To investigate the change in biofilm accumulation during subsequent biofilm formation, the biomass, colony forming units (CFU), and water-insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EP) of 46-, 70-, and 94-h-old biofilms were analysed. To investigate the change in acidogenicity, pH values of the culture medium were determined during the experimental period. The amount of fluoride in the culture medium was also determined during the experimental period. RESULTS BIF, CASH, and FO affected S. mutans adhesion (67-98% reduction) and subsequent biofilm accumulation in 46-, 70-, and 94-h-old biofilms. However, the reducing effect of the fluoride varnishes on the biomass, CFU count, water-insoluble EP amount, and acid production rate of the biofilms decreased as the biofilm age increased. These results may be related to the fluoride-release pattern of the fluoride varnishes. Of the fluoride varnishes tested, FO showed the highest reducing effect against the bacterial adhesion and subsequent biofilm accumulation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that if the results of these experiments are extrapolable to the in vivo situation, then reduced clinical benefit of using fluoride varnishes may occur with time. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Fluoride varnish application can affect cariogenic biofilm formation but the anti-biofilm activity may be reduced with time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Phuong Thanh Chau
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience and BK 21 Plus Program, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Santosh Pandit
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience and BK 21 Plus Program, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Jung
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience and BK 21 Plus Program, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gyu Jeon
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience and BK 21 Plus Program, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Weber K, Delben J, Bromage TG, Duarte S. Comparison of SEM and VPSEM imaging techniques with respect toStreptococcus mutansbiofilm topography. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2013; 350:175-9. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Weber
- Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology; New York University College of Dentistry; New York NY USA
| | - Juliana Delben
- Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology; New York University College of Dentistry; New York NY USA
| | - Timothy G. Bromage
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics; New York University College of Dentistry; New York NY USA
| | - Simone Duarte
- Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology; New York University College of Dentistry; New York NY USA
| |
Collapse
|