1
|
Herbert R, Caddick M, Somerville T, McLean K, Herwitker S, Neal T, Czanner G, Tuft S, Kaye SB. Potential new fluoroquinolone treatments for suspected bacterial keratitis. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2022; 7:bmjophth-2022-001002. [PMID: 36161851 PMCID: PMC9297210 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2022-001002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical fluoroquinolones (FQs) are an established treatment for suspected microbial keratitis. An increased FQ resistance in some classes of bacterial pathogens is a concern. Some recently developed FQs have an extended spectrum of activity, making them a suitable alternative for topical ophthalmic use. For example, the new generation FQs, avarofloxacin, delafloxacin, finafloxacin, lascufloxacin, nadifloxacin, levonadifloxacin, nemonoxacin and zabofloxacin have good activity against the common ophthalmic pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae and several of the Enterobacteriaceae. However, because there are no published ophthalmic break-point concentrations, the susceptibility of an isolated micro-organism to a topical FQ is extrapolated from systemic break-point data and wild type susceptibility. The purpose of this review is to compare the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the FQs licensed for topical ophthalmic use with the same parameters for new generation FQs. We performed a literature review of the FQs approved for topical treatment and the new generation FQs licensed to treat systemic infections. We then compared the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of bacterial isolates and the published concentrations that FQs achieved in the cornea and aqueous. We also considered the potential suitability of new generation FQs for topical use based on their medicinal properties. Notably, we found significant variation in the reported corneal and aqueous FQ concentrations so that reliance on the reported mean concentration may not be appropriate, and the first quartile concentration may be more clinically relevant. The provision of the MIC for the microorganism together with the achieved lower (first) quartile concentration of a FQ in the cornea could inform management decisions such as whether to continue with the prescribed antimicrobial, increase the frequency of application, use a combination of antimicrobials or change treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rose Herbert
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mary Caddick
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Tobi Somerville
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Keri McLean
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Timothy Neal
- Department of Microbiology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gabriela Czanner
- Applied Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Stephen Tuft
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephen B Kaye
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rusu A, Lungu IA, Moldovan OL, Tanase C, Hancu G. Structural Characterization of the Millennial Antibacterial (Fluoro)Quinolones-Shaping the Fifth Generation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081289. [PMID: 34452252 PMCID: PMC8399897 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of the class of antibacterial quinolones includes the introduction in therapy of highly successful compounds. Although many representatives were withdrawn due to severe adverse reactions, a few representatives have proven their therapeutical value over time. The classification of antibacterial quinolones into generations is a valuable tool for physicians, pharmacists, and researchers. In addition, the transition from one generation to another has brought new representatives with improved properties. In the last two decades, several representatives of antibacterial quinolones received approval for therapy. This review sets out to chronologically outline the group of approved antibacterial quinolones since 2000. Special attention is given to eight representatives: besifloxacin, delafoxacin, finafloxacin, lascufloxacin, nadifloxacin and levonadifloxacin, nemonoxacin, and zabofloxacin. These compounds have been characterized regarding physicochemical properties, formulations, antibacterial activity spectrum and advantageous structural characteristics related to antibacterial efficiency. At present these new compounds (with the exception of nadifloxacin) are reported differently, most often in the fourth generation and less frequently in a new generation (the fifth). Although these new compounds' mechanism does not contain essential new elements, the question of shaping a new generation (the fifth) arises, based on higher potency and broad spectrum of activity, including resistant bacterial strains. The functional groups that ensured the biological activity, good pharmacokinetic properties and a safety profile were highlighted. In addition, these new representatives have a low risk of determining bacterial resistance. Several positive aspects are added to the fourth fluoroquinolones generation, characteristics that can be the basis of the fifth generation. Antibacterial quinolones class continues to acquire new compounds with antibacterial potential, among other effects. Numerous derivatives, hybrids or conjugates are currently in various stages of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aura Rusu
- Pharmaceutical and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.R.); (G.H.)
| | - Ioana-Andreea Lungu
- The Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (I.-A.L.); (O.-L.M.)
| | - Octavia-Laura Moldovan
- The Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (I.-A.L.); (O.-L.M.)
| | - Corneliu Tanase
- Pharmaceutical Botany Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-744-215-543
| | - Gabriel Hancu
- Pharmaceutical and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.R.); (G.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chinnappan M, Harris-Tryon TA. Novel mechanisms of microbial crosstalk with skin innate immunity. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1484-1495. [PMID: 34252227 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skin is an organ with a dynamic ecosystem that harbours pathogenic and commensal microbes, which constantly communicate amongst each other and with the host immune system. Evolutionarily, skin and its microbiota have evolved to remain in homeostasis. However, frequently this homeostatic relationship is disturbed by a variety of factors such as environmental stress, diet, genetic mutations, and the microbiome itself. Commensal microbes also play a major role in the maintenance of microbial homeostasis. In addition to their ability to limit pathogens, many skin commensals such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes have recently been implicated in disease pathogenesis either by directly modulating the host immune components or by supporting the expansion of other pathogenic microbes. Likewise, opportunistic skin pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus lugdunensis are able to breach the skin and cause disease. Though much has been established about the microbiota's function in skin immunity, we are in a time where newer mechanistic insights rapidly redefine our understanding of the host/microbial interface in the skin. In this review, we provide a concise summary of recent advances in our understanding of the interplay between host defense strategies and the skin microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahendran Chinnappan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tamia A Harris-Tryon
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chis AA, Dobrea C, Morgovan C, Arseniu AM, Rus LL, Butuca A, Juncan AM, Totan M, Vonica-Tincu AL, Cormos G, Muntean AC, Muresan ML, Gligor FG, Frum A. Applications and Limitations of Dendrimers in Biomedicine. Molecules 2020; 25:E3982. [PMID: 32882920 PMCID: PMC7504821 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomedicine represents one of the main study areas for dendrimers, which have proven to be valuable both in diagnostics and therapy, due to their capacity for improving solubility, absorption, bioavailability and targeted distribution. Molecular cytotoxicity constitutes a limiting characteristic, especially for cationic and higher-generation dendrimers. Antineoplastic research of dendrimers has been widely developed, and several types of poly(amidoamine) and poly(propylene imine) dendrimer complexes with doxorubicin, paclitaxel, imatinib, sunitinib, cisplatin, melphalan and methotrexate have shown an improvement in comparison with the drug molecule alone. The anti-inflammatory therapy focused on dendrimer complexes of ibuprofen, indomethacin, piroxicam, ketoprofen and diflunisal. In the context of the development of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, dendrimer complexes of fluoroquinolones, macrolides, beta-lactamines and aminoglycosides have shown promising effects. Regarding antiviral therapy, studies have been performed to develop dendrimer conjugates with tenofovir, maraviroc, zidovudine, oseltamivir and acyclovir, among others. Furthermore, cardiovascular therapy has strongly addressed dendrimers. Employed in imaging diagnostics, dendrimers reduce the dosage required to obtain images, thus improving the efficiency of radioisotopes. Dendrimers are macromolecular structures with multiple advantages that can suffer modifications depending on the chemical nature of the drug that has to be transported. The results obtained so far encourage the pursuit of new studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Dobrea
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 2A Lucian Blaga St., 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (L.L.R.); (A.B.); (A.M.J.); (M.T.); (A.L.V.-T.); (G.C.); (A.C.M.); (M.L.M.); (F.G.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Claudiu Morgovan
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 2A Lucian Blaga St., 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (L.L.R.); (A.B.); (A.M.J.); (M.T.); (A.L.V.-T.); (G.C.); (A.C.M.); (M.L.M.); (F.G.G.); (A.F.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Assar S, Nosratabadi R, Khorramdel Azad H, Masoumi J, Mohamadi M, Hassanshahi G. A Review of Immunomodulatory Effects of Fluoroquinolones. Immunol Invest 2020; 50:1007-1026. [PMID: 32746743 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1797778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Past researches indicate that some types of antibiotics, apart from their antimicrobial effects, have some other important effects which indirectly are exerted by modulating and regulating the immune system's mediators. Among the compounds with antimicrobial effects, fluoroquinolones (FQs) are known as synthetic antibiotics, which exhibit the property of decomposing of DNA and prevent bacterial growth by inactivating the enzymes involved in DNA twisting, including topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and IV. Interestingly, immune responses are indirectly modulated by FQs through suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and super-inducing IL-2, which tend to increase both the growth and activity of T and B lymphocytes. In addition, they affect the development of immune responses by influencing of expression of other cytokines and mediators. This study aims to review past research on the immunomodulatory effects of FQs on the expression of cytokines, especially IL-2 and to discuss controversial investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shokrollah Assar
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Reza Nosratabadi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdel Azad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Javad Masoumi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahshad Mohamadi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tabara K, Tamura R, Nakamura A, Mori S, Kitano T, Fujikawa K, Fujikawa M, Okamoto K, Kanayama S, Uratsuji H, Ikeda F, Matsumoto T. Anti-inflammatory effects of ozenoxacin, a topical quinolone antimicrobial agent. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2020; 73:247-254. [PMID: 31974519 PMCID: PMC7056637 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-0278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ozenoxacin is a topical quinolone showing potent antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and is widely used for the treatment of inflammatory acne. However, the anti-inflammatory activities of ozenoxacin have not been examined so far. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of ozenoxacin. The production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 by human epidermal keratinocytes stimulated by heat-killed Cutibacterium acnes was significantly inhibited by ozenoxacin at concentrations from 1 to 30 μg ml−1. Likewise, the production of IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha by stimulated THP-1 cells, a human monocyte cell line, was inhibited by ozenoxacin at concentrations from 1 to 30 μg ml−1. The production of IL-1β by THP-1 was also inhibited by ozenoxacin at the concentration of 30 μg ml−1. Phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases and degradation of IκB-α, an inhibitory factor of NF-κB in keratinocytes and THP-1 cells, was increased by stimulation with heat-killed C. acnes. Of these activated intracellular pathways, the p38 phosphorylation pathway was remarkably reduced by ozenoxacin in both keratinocytes and THP-1 cells. In addition, the application of 2% ozenoxacin suppressed the increase in the ear thickness of rats induced by an intracutaneous injection of heat-killed C. acnes. These findings suggest that ozenoxacin possesses an anti-inflammatory activity, which may contribute to its therapeutic effects on inflammatory acne.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tabara
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan.
| | - Rie Tamura
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Aki Nakamura
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Sachi Mori
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Takamichi Kitano
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Koki Fujikawa
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Mika Fujikawa
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Okamoto
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Shoji Kanayama
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Hideya Uratsuji
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Ikeda
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| | - Tatsumi Matsumoto
- Maruho Co., Ltd, Kyoto R&D Center, Drug Development Laboratories, Kyoto Research Park, Bldg. #5, 93 Chudoji Awata-cho, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8815, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang ZP, Lu GS, Ye JL, Huang PQ. Ir-catalyzed chemoselective reduction of β-amido esters: A versatile approach to β-enamino esters. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
8
|
Han R, Blencke HM, Cheng H, Li C. The antimicrobial effect of CEN1HC-Br against Propionibacterium acnes and its therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects on acne vulgaris. Peptides 2018; 99:36-43. [PMID: 29108811 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes is a commensal bacterium, which is involved in acne inflammation. An antimicrobial peptide named CEN1HC-Br, which was isolated and characterized form the green sea urchin, has been shown to possess broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Little is known concerning the potential effects of its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties against P. acnes. To examine the potency of CEN1HC-Br in acne treatment, we conducted experiments to analyze the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of CEN1HC-Br both in vitro and in vivo. The antimicrobial activity of CEN1HC-Br was evaluated by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays using the broth dilution method. To elucidate the in vitro anti-inflammatory effect, HaCaT cells and human monocytes were treated with different concentration of CEN1HC-Br after stimulation by P. acnes. The expression of TLR2 and the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12, respectively, were measured by enzyme immunoassays. An evaluation of P. acnes-induced ear edema in rat ear was conducted to compare the in vivo antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect of CEN1HC-Br, the expression of IL-8, TNF-α, MMP-2 and TLR2 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and real time-PCR. CEN1HC-Br showed stronger antimicrobial activity against P. acnes than clindamycin. CEN1HC-Br significantly reduced the expression of interleukin IL-12p40, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and TLR2 in monocytes, but they were not influenced by clindamycin. Both CEN1HC-Br and Clindamycin attenuated P. acnes-induced ear swelling in rat along with pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8, TNF-α, MMP-2 and TLR2. Our data demonstrates that CEN1HC-Br is bactericidal against P. acnes and that it has an anti-inflammatory effect on monocytes. The anti-inflammatory effect may partially occur through TLR2 down-regulation, triggering an innate immune response and the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Hans-Matti Blencke
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310016, China.
| | - Chun Li
- Marbio, Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Inoue Y, Hibino M, Murata I, Kanamoto I. A Nanocarrier Skin-Targeted Drug Delivery System using an Ascorbic Acid Derivative. Pharm Res 2017; 35:1. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
10
|
Jantová S, Paulovičová E, Paulovičová L, Janošková M, Pánik M, Milata V. Immunobiological efficacy and immunotoxicity of novel synthetically prepared fluoroquinolone ethyl 6-fluoro-8-nitro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate. Immunobiology 2017; 223:81-93. [PMID: 29030009 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the cytotoxicity, anti-cancer reactivity, and immunomodulatory properties of new synthetically prepared fluoroquinolone derivative 6-fluoro-8-nitro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate (6FN) in vitro. The cytotoxicity/toxicity studies (concentrations in the range 1-100μM) are focused on the cervical cancer cells HeLa, murine melanoma cancer cells B16, non-cancer fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells and reconstructed human epidermis tissues EpiDerm™. The significant growth inhibition of cancer cells HeLa and B16 was detected. The cytotoxicity was mediated via apoptosis-associated with activation of caspase-9 and -3. After 72h of treatment, the two highest 6FN concentrations (100 and 50μM) induced toxic effect on epidermis tissue EpiDerm™, even the structural changes in tissue were observed with concentration of 100μM. The effective induction of RAW 264.7 macrophages cell-release of pro- and anti-inflammatory TH1, TH2 and TH17 cytokines, with anti-cancer and/or anti-infection activities, respectively, has been revealed even following low-dose exposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soňa Jantová
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ema Paulovičová
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Lucia Paulovičová
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michaela Janošková
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Miroslav Pánik
- Institute of Management, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Viktor Milata
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li W, Tian YH, Liu Y, Wang Z, Tang S, Zhang J, Wang YP. Platycodin D exerts anti-tumor efficacy in H22 tumor-bearing mice via improving immune function and inducing apoptosis. J Toxicol Sci 2017; 41:417-28. [PMID: 27193733 DOI: 10.2131/jts.41.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Platycodin D (PD), a major saponin derived and isolated from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum, exerts potent growth inhibition and strong cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines. However, the anti-tumor efficacy of PD on H22 hepatocellular carcinoma remains unknown. In the present study, we aimed to explore the anti-hepatoma activity in vivo and the underlying mechanism of PD in H22 tumor-bearing mice. The results revealed that PD could considerably suppress tumor growth with no significant side effects on immune organs and body weight. Further investigations showed that the levels of serum cytokines, including interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-2 (IL-2), were enhanced by PD administration. On the other hand, PD inhibited the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum of H22 tumor mice. Additionally, the observations from H&E and Hoechst 33258 staining results demonstrated that PD noticeably induced apoptosis in H22 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Importantly, immunohistochemical analysis showed that PD treatment increased Bax expression and decreased Bcl-2 and VEGF expression of H22 tumor tissues in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, the findings in the present investigation clearly demonstrated that the PD markedly suppressed the tumor growth of H22 transplanted tumor in vivo at least partly via improving the immune functions, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jantová S, Paulovičová E, Paulovičová L, Topoľská D, Pánik M, Milata V. Assessment of Immunomodulatory Activities andin vitroToxicity of New Quinolone 7-ethyl 9-ethyl-6-oxo-6,9-dihydro[1,2,5]selenadiazolo[3,4-h]quinoline-7-carboxylate. Immunol Invest 2017; 46:341-360. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1280050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
13
|
Bian X, Zhao Y, Guo X, Zhang L, Li P, Fu T, Wang W, Yin Y, Chen G, Liu J. Chiisanoside, a triterpenoid saponin, exhibits anti-tumor activity by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08041g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chissanoside from Acanthopanax species exhibits anti-tumor activity by protecting liver function, regulating immunity, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingbo Bian
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials
- Jilin Agriculture University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials
- Jilin Agriculture University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Xue Guo
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials
- Jilin Agriculture University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Lianxue Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials
- Jilin Agriculture University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Tianhua Fu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials
- Jilin Agriculture University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Weidong Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials
- Jilin Agriculture University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Yongxia Yin
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials
- Jilin Agriculture University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Guilin Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials
- Jilin Agriculture University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Das S, Reynolds RV. Recent advances in acne pathogenesis: implications for therapy. Am J Clin Dermatol 2014; 15:479-88. [PMID: 25388823 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-014-0099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Acne pathogenesis is a multifactorial process that occurs at the level of the pilosebaceous unit. While acne was previously perceived as an infectious disease, recent data have clarified it as an inflammatory process in which Propionibacterium acnes and innate immunity play critical roles in propagating abnormal hyperkeratinization and inflammation. Alterations in sebum composition, and increased sensitivity to androgens, also play roles in the inflammatory process. A stepwise approach to acne management utilizes topical agents for mild to moderate acne (topical retinoid as mainstay ± topical antibiotics) and escalation to oral agents for more resistant cases (oral antibiotics or hormonal agents in conjunction with a topical retinoid or oral isotretinoin alone for severe acne). Concerns over antibiotic resistance and the safety issues associated with isotretinoin have prompted further research into alternative medications and devices for the treatment of acne. Radiofrequency, laser, and light treatments have demonstrated modest improvement for inflammatory acne (with blue-light photodynamic therapy being the only US FDA-approved treatment). However, limitations in study design and patient follow-up render these modalities as adjuncts rather than standalone options. This review will update readers on the latest advancements in our understanding of acne pathogenesis and treatment, with emphasis on emerging treatment options that can help improve patient outcomes.
Collapse
|
15
|
Nenoff P. Acne vulgaris and bacterial skin infections: review of the topical quinolone nadifloxacin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469872.1.5.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
16
|
Simonart T. Immunotherapy for acne vulgaris: current status and future directions. Am J Clin Dermatol 2013; 14:429-35. [PMID: 24019180 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-013-0042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is a high unmet clinical need for new and better treatments in acne vulgaris. Propionibacterium acnes has a strong proinflammatory activity and targets molecules involved in the innate cutaneous immunity, keratinocytes and sebaceous glands of the pilosebaceous follicle. The role of P. acnes in acne confers legitimacy on the possible benefits of immunization-based approaches, which may represent a solution for limiting the development of antibiotic-resistant P. acnes. Various immunization-based approaches have been developed over the last decades, including killed pathogen-based vaccines, vaccination against cell wall-anchored sialidase, monoclonal antibodies to the Christie, Atkins, Munch-Peterson factor of P. acnes, anti-Toll-like receptors vaccines and natural antimicrobial peptides. This review summarizes the current evidence and explores the challenges to making this a realistic treatment option for the future.
Collapse
|
17
|
Tlish MM, Yelistratova AS, Gluzmin MI. Practical aspects of administering Acnecutan for the treatment of acne in teenagers. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2013. [DOI: 10.25208/vdv625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Goal of the study: to study the efficacy and tolerance of Acnecutan for the treatment of acne in teenager patients. Materials and methods. The study involved 43 patients aged 12-18 with moderate to severe acne, who received Acnecutan* as a monotherapy. The skin process dynamics was assessed visually based on the Basic Acne Severity Index (BASI). Results. Clinical recovery was achieved in 39 patients (90.7% of all cases), and clinical improvement was observed in 4 patients (9.3%). Conclusion. The results of Acnecutan administration demonstrate a high level of its efficacy and tolerance in teenagers. To assess the stability of the results achieved and to draw final conclusions, the patients will be followed up within a year after the end of the therapy. Therefore, the drug can be recommended as a monotherapy for acne of different clinical forms in teenager patients.
Collapse
|
18
|
VOLKOVA YEN, GRIGORIYEVA AA, YELISTRATOVA IV. Pathogenic therapy of acne patients. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2012. [DOI: 10.25208/vdv760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors provide a detailed description of the composition, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of Acnecutan, an innovation drug for the system pathogenic therapy of acne. They present the results of clinical observations and treatment of 88 patients suffering from moderate to severe acne forms with Acnecutan.
Collapse
|
19
|
Furusawa H, Suzuki Y, Miyazaki Y, Inase N, Eishi Y. Th1 and Th17 immune responses to viable Propionibacterium acnes in patients with sarcoidosis. Respir Investig 2012; 50:104-9. [PMID: 23021769 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propionibacterium acnes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have emerged as probable candidates responsible for sarcoidosis. This study was conducted to investigate the Th1/Th17 responses elicited by these pathogens in sarcoidosis and to clarify the causative role of these pathogens. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from patients with sarcoidosis and from healthy volunteers were, respectively, co-cultured with viable P. acnes, with Bacille de Calmette et Guérin (BCG) as a viable M. tuberculosis complex, and with the early secretory antigenic target (ESAT)-6. Th1 cytokine production was measured using RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays, and interleukin (IL)-17 mRNA expression was measured by RT-PCR. RESULTS IL-2 secretion from PBMCs after stimulation with P. acnes was significantly higher in patients with sarcoidosis than in the controls. Similarly, IL-2 and IL-12 mRNA expression after stimulation with P. acnes was significantly higher in PBMCs from patients with sarcoidosis than in PBMCs from controls. In contrast, IL-17 mRNA expression was significantly lower in PBMCs from patients with sarcoidosis than in PBMCs from controls. No significant differences between the groups were observed in the responses to stimulation with BCG or ESAT-6. CONCLUSION Sarcoidosis may arise from an imbalance of Th1/Th17 immune responses against viable P. acnes, but not M. tuberculosis complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Furusawa
- Department of Integrated Pulmonology and Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
SATO T, SHIRANE T, NOGUCHI N, SASATSU M, ITO A. Novel anti-acne actions of nadifloxacin and clindamycin that inhibit the production of sebum, prostaglandin E2 and promatrix metalloproteinase-2 in hamster sebocytes. J Dermatol 2012; 39:774-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2012.01525.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
21
|
Hosoda S, Komine M, Karakawa M, Tsuda H, Ohtsuki M. Nadifloxacin downregulates the production of matrix metalloproteinases in the human epidermal keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. J Dermatol 2012; 39:855-7. [PMID: 22220987 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2011.01466.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
22
|
Choudhury S, Chatterjee S, Sarkar DK, Dutta RN. Efficacy and safety of topical nadifloxacin and benzoyl peroxide versus clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide in acne vulgaris: A randomized controlled trial. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:628-31. [PMID: 22144763 PMCID: PMC3229774 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.89815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Topical therapy with comedolytics and antibiotics are often advocated for mild and moderate severity acne vulgaris. Nadifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone with anti-Propionibacterium acnes activity and additional anti-inflammatory activity, is approved for use in acne. This randomized controlled assessor blind trial compared the clinical effectiveness and safety of eight weeks therapy of nadifloxacin 1% versus clindamycin 1% as add-on therapy to benzoyl peroxide (2.5%) in mild to moderate grade acne. Materials and Methods: The efficacy parameters were changes in the total, inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion counts, Investigator Global Assessment (IGA), and Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) scales from baseline to study end (eight weeks). All treatment emergent dermatological adverse events were evaluated for safety assessment. Results: Out of 84 randomized subjects (43-nadifloxacin arm) and (41-clindamycin) 42 in nadifloxacin group, 37 in clindamycin group completed the study. Reduction from baseline of total, inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion counts were highly significant in both the groups (P<0.0001), but between group differences were not significant. Significant improvement in CADI and IGA scales were noted in both groups. Between-group comparison showed no significant differences. The safety and tolerability profile of both regimens were good and statistically comparable. Conclusions: Topical nadifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone is effective, tolerable, and safe for mild o moderate facial acne. Its clinical effectiveness is comparable to clindamycin when used as add-on therapy to benzoyl peroxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Choudhury
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 244B, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kobayashi M, Nakagawa T, Fukamachi K, Nakamura M, Tokura Y. Efficacy of combined topical treatment of acne vulgaris with adapalene and nadifloxacin: a randomized study. J Dermatol 2011; 38:1163-6. [PMID: 22007904 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2011.01280.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Topical retinoid and antibiotic combination therapy is an integral part of acne treatment and is considered the appropriate first-line therapy according to the Japanese guideline for moderate and severe acne. In this combination, clindamycin or doxycycline are mostly used as antibiotics, but there have been no reports on the effectiveness of nadifloxacin, a widely used antibiotic in Japan and European countries for acne, in combination with topical retinoid. To confirm the efficacy and safety of adapalene gel and nadifloxacin cream in the treatment of Japanese patients with acne vulgaris, a total of 50 patients were randomized to the two groups, the combination therapy and the adapalene monotherapy, and each therapy was tested for 8 weeks. The percentage reduction in the number of inflammatory acne lesions was evaluated and the safety was monitored through adverse events. The combination of adapalene gel and nadifloxacin cream produced a significantly higher reduction in the inflammatory lesions at 2 weeks (P = 0.047) and at 8 weeks (P = 0.011) after the starting than did adapalene gel monotherapy. The combination did not elevate the side effects of erythema and scale scores, but rather significantly depressed erythema at 1 week. This study showed the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of nadifloxacin cream with adapalene gel for the inflammatory acne.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Kobayashi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ostorhazi E, Holub MC, Rozgonyi F, Harmos F, Cassone M, Wade JD, Otvos L. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy of peptide A3-APO in mouse models of multidrug-resistant wound and lung infections cannot be explained by in vitro activity against the pathogens involved. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2011; 37:480-4. [PMID: 21353493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although the designer proline-rich antimicrobial peptide A3-APO has only modest activity against Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii in vitro, in mouse models of systemic and wound infections it shows superior efficacy compared with conventional antibiotics. In this study, the efficacy of A3-APO in several additional mouse models was investigated, including Staphylococcus aureus wound infection, mixed Klebsiella pneumoniae-A. baumannii-Proteus mirabilis wound infection and K. pneumoniae lung infection, mimicking blast wound infections, foot ulcers and ventilator-induced nosocomial infections, respectively. Whilst the peptide practically did not kill the strains in vitro, when administered intramuscularly or as an aerosol it significantly improved mouse survival and reduced bacterial counts at the infection site and in blood. In the lung infection study, the blood bacterial counts following A3-APO treatment were as low as after treatment with colistin and were lower than after treatment with imipenem or amikacin. The wounds of treated animals, unlike their untreated counterparts, lacked pus and signs of inflammation. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, A3-APO upregulated the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 by four- to six-fold. One of the mechanisms mediating the in vivo protective effects might be the prevention of inflammation around bacterial infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Ostorhazi
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermato-oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jung JY, Kwon HH, Yeom KB, Yoon MY, Suh DH. Clinical and histological evaluation of 1% nadifloxacin cream in the treatment of acne vulgaris in Korean patients. Int J Dermatol 2011; 50:350-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
26
|
Tunca M, Akar A, Ozmen I, Erbil H. Topical nadifloxacin 1% cream vs. topical erythromycin 4% gel in the treatment of mild to moderate acne. Int J Dermatol 2010; 49:1440-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04601.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
27
|
Increased interferon-γ, interleukin-12p40 and IL-8 production in Propionibacterium acnes-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patient with acne vulgaris. J Dermatol Sci 2009; 55:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Revised: 02/25/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
28
|
Pan CY, Chen JY, Lin TL, Lin CH. In vitro activities of three synthetic peptides derived from epinecidin-1 and an anti-lipopolysaccharide factor against Propionibacterium acnes, Candida albicans, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Peptides 2009; 30:1058-68. [PMID: 19463737 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2008] [Revised: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthetic epinecidin-1(22-42) peptide was derived from positions 22-42 of Epinephelus coioides epinecidin-1. The synthetic SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide (csSALF(55-76)) and SALF(55-76) linear peptide (lsSALF(55-76)) contained sequences from positions 55 to 76 of the Penaeus monodon anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF), respectively. We studied the in vitro activities of epinecidin-1(22-42), csSALF(55-76), and lsSALF(55-76) against Propionibacterium acnes, Candida albicans, and Trichomonas vaginalis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of epinecidin-1(22-42) for the test pathogen strains ranged 12.5-200 microg/ml, those of csSALF(55-76) ranged 100-200 microg/ml, and those of lsSALF(55-76) ranged 25-200 microg/ml. epinecidin-1(22-42) exhibited cytotoxicity towards P. acnes, C. albicans, and T. vaginalis (one strain of which was a metronidazole-resistant strain, while the other strain was not), suggesting that epinecidin-1 functions like a lytic peptide. Similar cytotoxicity was identified against T. vaginalis treated with the csSALF(55-76) and lsSALF(55-76) peptides. The antimicrobial activities of these peptides were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), a viable cell count assay, and flow cytometric analysis. TEM and SEM examinations of T. vaginalis treated with these three peptides showed that severe swelling preceded cell death and breakage of the outer membrane, and the intracellular inclusion was found to have effluxed extracellularly. This phenomenon was also found with epinecidin-1(22-42) treatment of P. acnes and C. albicans. Our results suggest that the epinecidin-1(22-42), csSALF(55-76), and lsSALF(55-76) peptides may be good candidates for treating trichomoniasis, and epinecidin-1(22-42) may have potential as a drug supporting therapy for acne and candidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Yu Pan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Carlotti ME, Sapino S, Gallarate M, Peira E, Ugazio E. O/W Microemulsions with Vanillin as Vehicles for Antiacne Actives: Preparation, Characterization, and Stability. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690701809922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
30
|
Iseki H, Takabatake N, Ota N, Ishigame T, Yokoyama N, Igarashi I. Babesia: The protective effects of killed Propionibacterium acnes on the infections of two rodent Babesia parasites in mice. Exp Parasitol 2008; 118:543-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2007.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2007] [Revised: 11/09/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
31
|
Propionibacterium acnes Stimulates Pro-Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Expression through Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 128:846-54. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5701188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
32
|
Tokura Y, Kobayashi M, Kabashima K. Epidermal chemokines and modulation by antihistamines, antibiotics and antifungals. Exp Dermatol 2007; 17:81-90. [PMID: 18034836 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2007.00657.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence has demonstrated that chemokines released from epidermal cells control inflammatory skin diseases. Keratinocytes elaborate both Th1- and Th2-associated chemokines, although the former is more abundantly produced than the latter. Downmodulation of keratinocyte production of chemokines is one of the therapeutic approaches for cutaneous inflammatory disorders. Recent observations have shown that keratinocyte chemokine production can be modulated by well-used drugs, including antihistamines, antibiotics and antifungals. Utilization of the beneficial side effects of these drugs may by clinically valuable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Tokura
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cheng Y, Qu H, Ma M, Xu Z, Xu P, Fang Y, Xu T. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers as biocompatible carriers of quinolone antimicrobials: An in vitro study. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 42:1032-8. [PMID: 17336426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2006] [Revised: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Quinolones, an expanding class of clinically established potent antibiotics, is not freely soluble in water which prevents the design of liquid dosage forms and restricts their use in topical applications. In the present study we investigated the potential of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers as drug carriers of quinolones (nadifloxacin and prulifloxacin) by aqueous solubility and antibacterial activity studies. Results showed that the aqueous solubility of nadifloxacin and prulifloxacin was significantly increased by PAMAM dendrimers. Microbiology studies showed that nadifloxacin and prulifloxacin still exhibit their strong antimicrobial activities in the presence of dendrimers. These studies indicated that PAMAM dendrimers might be considered as biocompatible carriers of quinolones under suitable conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Cheng
- Laboratory of Functional Membranes, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Murata K, Sugita K, Kobayashi M, Kabashima K, Tokura Y. Nadifloxacin downmodulates antigen-presenting functions of epidermal Langerhans cells and keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2006; 42:91-9. [PMID: 16431082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2005.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Revised: 12/05/2005] [Accepted: 12/15/2005] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nadifloxacin is an anti-microbial quinolone derivative widely used for the treatment of acne as a topical agent. This drug has been suggested to have not only anti-bacterial but also anti-inflammatory actions, which may have a beneficial effect on some aspects of inflammatory acne. OBJECTIVE To further clarify its abilities to modulate skin immunity, we investigated whether nadifloxacin affects the hapten- and superantigen-presenting capacities of epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) and keratinocytes, respectively. METHODS Immune lymph node CD4+ T cells from trinitrophenyl-sensitized BALB/c mice were cocultured with LC-enriched epidermal cells (LC-EC) that were freshly isolated from syngeneic mice and derivatized with trinitrophenyl hapten in the presence or absence of nadifloxacin. Alternatively, LC-EC were preincubated with nadifloxacin (NDFX), modified with the hapten, and cultured with immune T cells. The effects of nadifloxacin on the surface molecule expression in LC and keratinocytes were also tested by flow cytometry and cellular ELISA. RESULTS LC-EC cultured with nadifloxacin at 10 microg/ml or more significantly suppressed the antigen-presenting function of LC for T cells. The ability of MHC class II+ keratinocytes to present a superantigen to T cells was suppressed by preincubation of keratinocytes with 30 microg/ml or more of nadifloxacin. These functional reductions in LC and keratinocytes reflected the decreased expression of MHC class II and/or costimulatory molecules. CONCLUSION Nadifloxacin downmodulates cutaneous immunity by interfering with the antigen-presenting ability of epidermal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Murata
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|