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Jing Y, Gao B, Han Z, Xia L, Xin S. The protective effect of HOXA5 on carotid atherosclerosis occurs by modulating the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 534:111366. [PMID: 34126188 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The phenotypic change of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a contractile to a synthetic form is a key player in atherogenic processes. Homeobox A5 (HOXA5), a transcription factor of the homeobox gene family, has been shown to regulate cell differentiation and morphogenesis. The present study was designed to clarify the involvement of HOXA5 in VSMC phenotypic transition in carotid atherosclerosis (CAS). Activated VSMCs in vitro and ApoE-/- mice in vivo were employed to determine HOXA5's function. Results showed that both the mRNA and protein expression levels of HOXA5 were decreased in platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced VSMCs. Overexpression of HOXA5 suppressed VSMC conversion from a contractile to a synthetic type in the presence of PDGF-BB, as evidenced by increased contractile markers (calponin, α-SMA and SM22α) along with decreased synthetic markers (vimentin, PCNA and thrombospondin). PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs were recovered by HOXA5. Knockdown of HOXA5 had the opposite effect on VSMCs. In vivo, a CAS model was established using ApoE-/- mice fed with a Western-type diet and placing a perivascular carotid collar. We observed a significant reduction in HOXA5 in the carotid arteries of CAS mice. Similar to the in vitro results, HOXA5 overexpression reduced neointimal hyperplasia and plaque formation and inhibited VSMC dedifferentiation and migration. Furthermore, PPARγ was also downregulated in vitro and in vivo, and its antagonist GW9662 reversed HOXA5-mediated inhibition of VSMC dedifferentiation and migration. In summary, we suggest that HOXA5 protects against CAS progression by inhibiting VSMC dedifferentiation through activation of PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Jing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bai Gao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyang Han
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lifang Xia
- Department of Residency Training, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shijie Xin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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2
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Xu Y, Zhang J, Hu Y, Li X, Sun L, Peng Y, Sun Y, Liu B, Bian Z, Rong Z. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals the dynamics of human immune cells during early fetal skin development. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109524. [PMID: 34380039 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system of skin develops in stages in mice. However, the developmental dynamics of immune cells in human skin remains elusive. Here, we perform transcriptome profiling of CD45+ hematopoietic cells in human fetal skin at an estimated gestational age of 10-17 weeks by single-cell RNA sequencing. A total of 13 immune cell types are identified. Skin macrophages show dynamic heterogeneity over the course of skin development. A major shift in lymphoid cell developmental states occurs from the first to the second trimester that implies an in situ differentiation process. Gene expression analysis reveals a typical developmental program in immune cells in accordance with their functional maturation, possibly involving metabolic reprogramming. Finally, we identify transcription factors (TFs) that potentially regulate cellular transitions by comparing TFs and TF target gene networks. These findings provide detailed insight into how the immune system of the human skin is established during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Xu
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Lihua Sun
- Development of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 528200, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Yuzhe Sun
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zhilei Bian
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Zhili Rong
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China.
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3
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Margaritte-Jeannin P, Budu-Aggrey A, Ege M, Madore AM, Linhard C, Mohamdi H, von Mutius E, Granell R, Demenais F, Laprise C, Bouzigon E, Dizier MH. Identification of OCA2 as a novel locus for the co-morbidity of asthma-plus-eczema. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 52:70-81. [PMID: 34155719 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous genes have been associated with the three most common allergic diseases (asthma, allergic rhinitis or eczema) but these genes explain only a part of the heritability. In the vast majority of genetic studies, complex phenotypes such as co-morbidity of two of these diseases, have not been considered. This may partly explain missing heritability. OBJECTIVE To identify genetic variants specifically associated with the co-morbidity of asthma-plus-eczema. METHODS We first conducted a meta-analysis of four GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Study) of the combined asthma-plus-eczema phenotype (total of 8807 European-ancestry subjects of whom 1208 subjects had both asthma and eczema). To assess whether the association with SNP(s) was specific to the co-morbidity, we also conducted a meta-analysis of homogeneity test of association according to disease status ("asthma-plus-eczema" vs. the presence of only one disease "asthma only or eczema only"). We then used a joint test by combining the two test statistics from the co-morbidity-SNP association and the phenotypic heterogeneity of SNP effect meta-analyses. RESULTS Seven SNPs were detected for specific association to the asthma-plus-eczema co-morbidity, two with significant and five with suggestive evidence using the joint test after correction for multiple testing. The two significant SNPs are located in the OCA2 gene (Oculocutaneous Albinism II), a new locus never detected for significant evidence of association with any allergic disease. This gene is a promising candidate gene, because of its link to skin and lung diseases, and to epithelial barrier and immune mechanisms. CONCLUSION Our study underlines the importance of studying sub-phenotypes as co-morbidities to detect new susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashley Budu-Aggrey
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Markus Ege
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Madore
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Centre Intersectoriel en Santé Durable (CISD), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Erika von Mutius
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Raquel Granell
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Catherine Laprise
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Centre Intersectoriel en Santé Durable (CISD), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC, Canada
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Russo B, Borowczyk J, Boehncke WH, Truchetet ME, Modarressi A, Brembilla NC, Chizzolini C. Dysfunctional Keratinocytes Increase Dermal Inflammation in Systemic Sclerosis: Results From Studies Using Tissue-Engineered Scleroderma Epidermis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:1311-1317. [PMID: 33497035 DOI: 10.1002/art.41659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence suggests that keratinocyte-fibroblast interactions are abnormal in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The present study was undertaken to investigate potential epidermal dysfunction in SSc and its effects on dermal homeostasis. METHODS Epidermal equivalents (EEs) were generated using keratinocytes from 6 healthy donors and 4 individuals with SSc. Skin and EE expression of markers of proliferation, differentiation, and activation was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The transcriptomic profile of SSc EEs and healthy donor EEs was identified by RNA sequencing. EE conditioned medium (CM) was used to stimulate fibroblasts, and their production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), type I collagen, and fibronectin was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Compared to healthy donor EEs, SSc EEs exhibited aberrant differentiation, enhanced expression of activation markers, and a lower rate of basal keratinocyte mitosis, reproducing most of the abnormalities observed in SSc epidermis. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that, compared to healthy donor EEs, SSc EEs were characterized by lower expression of homeobox gene family members and by enhanced metabolic and oxidative stress molecular pathways. EE CM enhanced fibroblast production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-1, type I collagen, and fibronectin (P < 0.05). Except for type I collagen and fibronectin, this effect was 2-fold higher in the presence of CM generated form SSc EEs. IL-1 was responsible, at least in part, for keratinocyte-dependent fibroblast activation. CONCLUSION SSc EEs recapitulate the in vivo characteristics of SSc epidermis, demonstrating that SSc keratinocytes have an intrinsically altered differentiation program, possibly due to the dysregulation of genes from the homeobox family. The increased metabolic and oxidative stress associated with SSc epidermis may contribute to chronic inflammation and fibrosis of the dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Russo
- University of Geneva and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julia Borowczyk
- University of Geneva and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ali Modarressi
- University of Geneva and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolò C Brembilla
- University of Geneva and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Chizzolini
- University of Geneva and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Liang Y, Zhou R, Fu X, Wang C, Wang D. HOXA5 counteracts the function of pathological scar-derived fibroblasts by partially activating p53 signaling. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:40. [PMID: 33414417 PMCID: PMC7791133 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The inactivation of p53 can lead to the formation of pathological scars, including hypertrophic scars and keloids. HOXA5 has been reported to be a critical transcription factor in the p53 pathway in cancers. However, whether HOXA5 also plays a role in pathological scar progression through activating p53 signaling remains unknown. In this study, we first demonstrated that HOXA5 overexpression in hypertrophic scar-or keloids-derived fibroblasts decreased cell proliferation, migration and collagen synthesis, whereas increased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the results of luciferase activity assays and ChIP PCR assays indicated that HOXA5 transactivated p53 by binding to the ATTA-rich core motif in the p53 promoter. HOXA5 also increased the levels of p21 and Mdm2, which are downstream targets of p53. Interestingly, silencing p53 in these pathological scar-derived fibroblasts partially attenuated HOXA5-mediated growth inhibition effect and HOXA5-induced apoptosis. In addition, 9-cis-retinoic acid augmented the expression of HOXA5 and promoted the effects of HOXA5 on pathological scar-derived fibroblasts, and these effects could be suppressed by HOXA5 knockdown. Thus, our study reveals a role of HOXA5 in mediating the cellular processes of pathological scar-derived fibroblasts by transcriptionally activating the p53 signaling pathway, and 9-cis-retinoic acid may be a potential therapy for pathological scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Liang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Renpeng Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiujun Fu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Danru Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Wu M, Li X, Zhang C, Zhang C, Qian D, Ma J, Cai M, Tang L, Cheng H, Shen C, Chen G, Zheng X, Zhang X, Zhou F. DNA methylation profile of psoriatic skins from different body locations. Epigenomics 2019; 11:1613-1625. [PMID: 31701765 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To understand whether the anatomical location of origin plays a role in shaping the DNA methylation (DNAm) landscape of psoriatic skins. Patients & methods: A number of 108 psoriatic and 57 control skin samples were grouped based on their anatomical locations. Two group t-tests were used to identify those differentially methylated sites and regions. Target region methylation loci were validated by bisulfate conversion sequencing. The correlations of DNAm with pathological features, DNAm and gene expression were also interrogated. Results: Our analysis revealed 315 location-specific differentially methylated sites for back, 291 for the extremities and 801 for abdomen. Moreover, we observed that the extremity-specific loci cg21942490 located on HOXA9 is associated with hyperkeratosis. We further observed that HOXA5 and KIAA1949 are differential methylation regions. Conclusion: Our study shown evidence of anatomical location-dependent DNAm pattern in psoriasis skins, and thus provided new insights into the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshun Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Chaowen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Chuanliang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Danfeng Qian
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Minglong Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Lili Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Changbing Shen
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Fusheng Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, PR China
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7
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Nobeyama Y, Umezawa Y, Nakagawa H. Silencing of homeobox A5 gene in the stratum corneum of psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2017; 26:1068-1074. [PMID: 28482119 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of psoriatic parakeratotic cells is helpful for understanding the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Methylation analysis can be performed on psoriatic scales, but it is unclear whether genes can be silenced by DNA methylation in psoriatic stratum corneum. The present study was conducted to detect genes silenced in psoriatic stratum corneum. Methylation array analysis with 485 577 probes, quantitative real-time methylation-specific PCR (RT-MSP) and bisulphite sequencing were performed for 30 psoriatic scale samples, 6 fully developed psoriatic skin samples and 12 normal skin samples. Immunohistochemical staining of HOXA5 was performed for 29 psoriatic epidermal samples and 13 normal epidermal samples. The genome-wide methylation array detected two CpG sites within CpG islands (CGIs) located in promoter regions of HOXA5 and LIAS that had methylation levels of >0.6 in at least one of the three psoriatic scale samples and of <0.2 in all three normal skin tissue samples (methylation rate range, 0.0-1.0). RT-MSP for HOXA5CGI, in which the primers were successfully developed, revealed that the average methylation level of 27 psoriasis scales (60.2%) is significantly higher than that of 9 normal skin samples (34.6%) (P=.013). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that HOXA5 protein was not expressed in the stratum corneum of fully developed psoriatic epidermis, but the protein was expressed in the stratum corneum of incompletely developed epidermis and normal epidermis. In conclusion, HOXA5 can be silenced in the stratum corneum of psoriasis. The silenced gene was identified by non-invasive methylation analysis of psoriatic scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Nobeyama
- Department of Dermatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Umezawa
- Department of Dermatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidemi Nakagawa
- Department of Dermatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Cuevas I, Layman H, Coussens L, Boudreau N. Sustained endothelial expression of HoxA5 in vivo impairs pathological angiogenesis and tumor progression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121720. [PMID: 25821967 PMCID: PMC4379087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HoxA5 is expressed in quiescent endothelial cells (EC), but absent in activated angiogenic EC. To examine the efficacy of targeting HoxA5 therapeutically to quell pathologic or tumor angiogenesis, we generated an inducible, transgenic mouse model of sustained HoxA5 expression in ECs. During pathologic angiogenesis, sustained HoxA5 regulates expression several angiogenic effector molecules, notably increased expression of TSP-2 and reduced expression of VEGF, thus leading to inhibition of pathological angiogenesis in tissues. To evaluate if this impressive reduction of vascularization could also impact tumor angiogenesis, HoxA5 mice were bred with a mouse model of de novo squamous carcinogenesis, e.g., K14-HPV16 mice. Activation of EC-HoxA5 significantly reduced infiltration by mast cells into neoplastic skin, an early hallmark of progression to dysplasia, reduced angiogenic vasculature, and blunted characteristics of tumor progression. To evaluate HoxA5 as a therapeutic, topical application of a HoxA5 transgene onto early neoplastic skin of K14-HPV16 mice similarly resulted in a significant impairment of angiogenic vasculature and progression to dysplasia to a similar extent as observed with genetic delivery of HoxA5. Together these data indicate that HoxA5 represents a novel molecule for restricting pathological and tumorigenic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Cuevas
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Hans Layman
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lisa Coussens
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Nancy Boudreau
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Research Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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9
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Marcinkiewicz KM, Gudas LJ. Altered epigenetic regulation of homeobox genes in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Exp Cell Res 2013; 320:128-43. [PMID: 24076275 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To gain insight into oral squamous cell carcinogenesis, we performed deep sequencing (RNAseq) of non-tumorigenic human OKF6-TERT1R and tumorigenic SCC-9 cells. Numerous homeobox genes are differentially expressed between OKF6-TERT1R and SCC-9 cells. Data from Oncomine, a cancer microarray database, also show that homeobox (HOX) genes are dysregulated in oral SCC patients. The activity of Polycomb repressive complexes (PRC), which causes epigenetic modifications, and retinoic acid (RA) signaling can control HOX gene transcription. HOXB7, HOXC10, HOXC13, and HOXD8 transcripts are higher in SCC-9 than in OKF6-TERT1R cells; using ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation) we detected PRC2 protein SUZ12 and the epigenetic H3K27me3 mark on histone H3 at these genes in OKF6-TERT1R, but not in SCC-9 cells. In contrast, IRX1, IRX4, SIX2 and TSHZ3 transcripts are lower in SCC-9 than in OKF6-TERT1R cells. We detected SUZ12 and the H3K27me3 mark at these genes in SCC-9, but not in OKF6-TERT1R cells. SUZ12 depletion increased HOXB7, HOXC10, HOXC13, and HOXD8 transcript levels and decreased the proliferation of OKF6-TERT1R cells. Transcriptional responses to RA are attenuated in SCC-9 versus OKF6-TERT1R cells. SUZ12 and H3K27me3 levels were not altered by RA at these HOX genes in SCC-9 and OKF6-TERT1R cells. We conclude that altered activity of PRC2 is associated with dysregulation of homeobox gene expression in human SCC cells, and that this dysregulation potentially plays a role in the neoplastic transformation of oral keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna M Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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