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Hirobe T. Role of Dermal Factors Involved in Regulating the Melanin and Melanogenesis of Mammalian Melanocytes in Normal and Abnormal Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4560. [PMID: 38674144 PMCID: PMC11049857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian melanin is produced in melanocytes and accumulated in melanosomes. Melanogenesis is supported by many factors derived from the surrounding tissue environment, such as the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, in addition to numerous melanogenesis-related genes. The roles of these genes have been fully investigated and the molecular analysis has been performed. Moreover, the role of paracrine factors derived from epidermis has also been studied. However, the role of dermis has not been fully studied. Thus, in this review, dermis-derived factors including soluble and insoluble components were overviewed and discussed in normal and abnormal circumstances. Dermal factors play an important role in the regulation of melanogenesis in the normal and abnormal mammalian skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Hirobe
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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KGF Phage Model Peptide Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing in a Diabetic Rat Model. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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3
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Vocetkova K, Sovkova V, Buzgo M, Lukasova V, Divin R, Rampichova M, Blazek P, Zikmund T, Kaiser J, Karpisek Z, Amler E, Filova E. A Simple Drug Delivery System for Platelet-Derived Bioactive Molecules, to Improve Melanocyte Stimulation in Vitiligo Treatment. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091801. [PMID: 32927642 PMCID: PMC7559479 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is the most common depigmentation disorder of the skin. Currently, its therapy focuses on the halting of the immune response and stimulation of the regenerative processes, leading to the restoration of normal melanocyte function. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) represents a safe and cheap regenerative therapy option, as it delivers a wide spectrum of native growth factors, cytokines and other bioactive molecules. The aim of this study was to develop a simple delivery system to prolong the effects of the bioactive molecules released from platelets. The surface of electrospun and centrifugally spun poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) fibrous scaffolds was functionalized with various concentrations of platelets; the influence of the morphology of the scaffolds and the concentration of the released platelet-derived bioactive molecules on melanocytes, was then assessed. An almost two-fold increase in the amount of the released bioactive molecules was detected on the centrifugally spun vs. electrospun scaffolds, and a sustained 14-day release of the bioactive molecules was demonstrated. A strong concentration-dependent response of melanocyte to the bioactive molecules was observed; higher concentrations of bioactive molecules resulted in improved metabolic activity and proliferation of melanocytes. This simple system improves melanocyte viability, offers on-site preparation and is suitable for prolonged topical PRP administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Vocetkova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (M.B.); (V.L.); (R.D.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
- Department of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
- University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, Trinecka 1024, 273 43 Bustehrad, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Vera Sovkova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (M.B.); (V.L.); (R.D.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
- Department of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
- University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, Trinecka 1024, 273 43 Bustehrad, Czech Republic
| | - Matej Buzgo
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (M.B.); (V.L.); (R.D.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
- University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, Trinecka 1024, 273 43 Bustehrad, Czech Republic
| | - Vera Lukasova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (M.B.); (V.L.); (R.D.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
- University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, Trinecka 1024, 273 43 Bustehrad, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Divin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (M.B.); (V.L.); (R.D.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
- Department of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
- University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, Trinecka 1024, 273 43 Bustehrad, Czech Republic
| | - Michala Rampichova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (M.B.); (V.L.); (R.D.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
| | - Pavel Blazek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.Z.); (J.K.)
| | - Tomas Zikmund
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.Z.); (J.K.)
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.B.); (T.Z.); (J.K.)
| | - Zdenek Karpisek
- Institute of Mathematics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Evzen Amler
- Department of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
- University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, Trinecka 1024, 273 43 Bustehrad, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Filova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (V.S.); (M.B.); (V.L.); (R.D.); (M.R.); (E.F.)
- Department of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Qiu W, Chuong CM, Lei M. Regulation of melanocyte stem cells in the pigmentation of skin and its appendages: Biological patterning and therapeutic potentials. Exp Dermatol 2019; 28:395-405. [PMID: 30537004 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skin evolves essential appendages and indispensable types of cells that synergistically insulate the body from environmental insults. Residing in the specific regions in the skin such as epidermis, dermis and hair follicle, melanocytes perform an array of vital functions including defending the ultraviolet radiation and diversifying animal appearance. As one of the adult stem cells, melanocyte stem cells in the hair follicle bulge niche can proliferate, differentiate and keep quiescence to control and coordinate tissue homeostasis, repair and regeneration. In synchrony with hair follicle stem cells, melanocyte stem cells in the hair follicles undergo cyclic activation, degeneration and resting phases, to pigment the hairs and to preserve the stem cells. Disorder of melanocytes results in severe skin problems such as canities, vitiligo and even melanoma. Here, we compare and summarize recent discoveries about melanocyte in the skin, particularly in the hair follicle. A better understanding of the physiological and pathological regulation of melanocyte and melanocyte stem cell behaviours will help to guide the clinical applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mingxing Lei
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of New Drug Development, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Hirobe T, Enami H. Excellent color-matched repigmentation of human vitiligo can be obtained by mini-punch grafting using a machine in combination with ultraviolet therapy. DERMATOL SIN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsi.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Hirobe T, Enami H. Melanoblasts but not melanocytes decrease in number in human epidermis of idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis. DERMATOL SIN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsi.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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Sovkova V, Vocetkova K, Rampichova M, Mickova A, Buzgo M, Lukasova V, Dankova J, Filova E, Necas A, Amler E. Platelet lysate as a serum replacement for skin cell culture on biomimetic PCL nanofibers. Platelets 2017. [PMID: 28649896 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1316838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are a popular source of native growth factors for tissue engineering applications. The aim of the study was to verify the use of platelet lysate as a fetal bovine serum (FBS) replacement for skin cell culture. The cytokine content of the platelet lysate was characterized using the Bio-Plex system. The cells (fibroblasts, melanocytes, and keratinocytes) were cultured on PCL nanofibrous scaffolds to mimic their natural microenvironment. The cytokine content of the platelet lysate was determined, and to the cells, a medium containing platelet lysate or platelet lysate in combination with FBS was added. The results showed that 7% (v/v) platelet lysate was sufficient to supplement 10% (v/v) FBS in the culture of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. The combination of platelet lysate and FBS had a rather inhibitory effect on fibroblasts, in contrary to keratinocytes, where the effect was synergic. Platelet lysate did not sufficiently promote proliferation in melanocytes; however, the combination of FBS and platelet lysate yielded a better outcome and resulted in bipolar morphology of the cultured melanocytes. The data indicated that platelet lysate improved cell proliferation and metabolic activity and may be used as an additive to the cell culture media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Sovkova
- a Institute of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.,b Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic.,c Faculty of Biomedical Engineering , Czech Technical University , Nám. Sítná Kladno , Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Vocetkova
- a Institute of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.,b Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic.,c Faculty of Biomedical Engineering , Czech Technical University , Nám. Sítná Kladno , Czech Republic.,d University Center for Energy Efficient Buildings , Czech Technical University , Bustehrad , Czech Republic
| | - Michala Rampichova
- b Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic.,d University Center for Energy Efficient Buildings , Czech Technical University , Bustehrad , Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Mickova
- b Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic.,d University Center for Energy Efficient Buildings , Czech Technical University , Bustehrad , Czech Republic.,e Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Matej Buzgo
- a Institute of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.,b Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic.,d University Center for Energy Efficient Buildings , Czech Technical University , Bustehrad , Czech Republic
| | - Vera Lukasova
- b Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic.,f Faculty of Sciences , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dankova
- a Institute of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.,b Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Eva Filova
- b Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic.,c Faculty of Biomedical Engineering , Czech Technical University , Nám. Sítná Kladno , Czech Republic
| | - Alois Necas
- e Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Evzen Amler
- a Institute of Biophysics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.,b Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic.,c Faculty of Biomedical Engineering , Czech Technical University , Nám. Sítná Kladno , Czech Republic.,d University Center for Energy Efficient Buildings , Czech Technical University , Bustehrad , Czech Republic
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Hirobe T, Shibata T, Sato K. Human fibroblasts treated with hydrogen peroxide stimulate human melanoblast proliferation and melanocyte differentiation, but inhibit melanocyte proliferation in serum-free co-culture system. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 84:282-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Be Tu PT, Nguyen BCQ, Tawata S, Yun CY, Kim EG, Maruta H. The serum/PDGF-dependent "melanogenic" role of the minute level of the oncogenic kinase PAK1 in melanoma cells proven by the highly sensitive kinase assay. Drug Discov Ther 2016; 10:314-322. [PMID: 27746419 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2016.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the oncogenic kinase PAK4, which both melanomas and normal melanocytes express at a very high level, is essential for their melanogenesis. In the present study, using the highly sensitive "Macaroni-Western" (IP-ATP-Glo) kinase assay, we investigated the melanogenic potential of another oncogenic kinase PAK1, which melanoma (B16F10) cells express only at a very minute level. After transfecting melanoma cells with PAK1-shRNA for silencing PAK1 gene, melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and kinase activity of PAK1 were compared between the wild-type and transfectants. We found that (i) PAK1 is significantly activated by melanogenic hormones such as IBMX (3-isobutyl-1-methyl xanthine) and α-MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone), (ii) silencing the endogenous PAK1 gene in melanoma cells through PAK1-specific shRNA reduces both melanin content and tyrosinase activity in the presence of both serum and melanogenic hormones to the basal level, (iii) the exogenously added wild-type PAK1 in the melanoma cells boosts the α-MSH-inducible melanin level by several folds without affecting the basal, and (iv) α-MSH/IBMX-induced melanogenesis hardly takes place in the absence of either serum or PAK1, clearly indicating that PAK1 is essential mainly for serum- and α-MSH/IBMX-dependent melanogenesis, but not the basal, in melanoma cells. The outcome of this study might provide the first scientific basis for explaining why a wide variety of herbal PAK1-blockers such as CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester), curcumin and shikonin in cosmetics are useful for skin-whitening.
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