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Zheng R, Ren Y, Liu X, He C, Liu H, Wang Y, Li J, Xia S, Liu Z, Ma Y, Wang D, Xu S, Wang G, Li N. Exogenous drug-induced mouse models of atopic dermatitis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 77:104-116. [PMID: 38272716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense pruritus. AD is harmful to both children and adults, but its pathogenic mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. The development of mouse models for AD has greatly contributed to its study and treatment. Among these models, the exogenous drug-induced mouse model has shown promising results and significant advantages. Until now, a large amount of AD-related research has utilized exogenous drug-induced mouse models, leading to notable advancements in research. This indicates the crucial significance of applying such models in AD research. These models exhibit diverse characteristics and are highly complex. They involve the use of various strains of mice, diverse types of inducers, and different modeling effects. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive comparative studies on exogenous drug-induced AD mouse models, which hinders researchers' ability to choose among these models. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the features and mechanisms associated with various exogenous drug-induced mouse models, including the important role of each cytokine in AD development. It aims to assist researchers in quickly understanding models and selecting the most suitable one for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Zheng
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yan Ren
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Canxia He
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Hua Liu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Jianing Li
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Shuya Xia
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Zhifang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yizhao Ma
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Dianchen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Suling Xu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Geng Wang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Na Li
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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Chen H, Zhao Q, Zhong Q, Duan C, Krutmann J, Wang J, Xia J. Skin Microbiome, Metabolome and Skin Phenome, from the Perspectives of Skin as an Ecosystem. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 2:363-382. [PMID: 36939800 PMCID: PMC9712873 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-022-00073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Skin is a complex ecosystem colonized by millions of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Skin microbiota is believed to exert critical functions in maintaining host skin health. Profiling the structure of skin microbial community is the first step to overview the ecosystem. However, the community composition is highly individualized and extremely complex. To explore the fundamental factors driving the complexity of the ecosystem, namely the selection pressures, we review the present studies on skin microbiome from the perspectives of ecology. This review summarizes the following: (1) the composition of substances/nutrients in the cutaneous ecological environment that are derived from the host and the environment, highlighting their proposed function on skin microbiota; (2) the features of dominant skin commensals to occupy ecological niches, through self-adaptation and microbe-microbe interactions; (3) how skin microbes, by their structures or bioactive molecules, reshape host skin phenotypes, including skin immunity, maintenance of skin physiology such as pH and hydration, ultraviolet (UV) protection, odor production, and wound healing. This review aims to re-examine the host-microbe interactions from the ecological perspectives and hopefully to give new inspiration to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Chen
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Qi Zhao
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
- grid.435557.50000 0004 0518 6318IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, D-40225 Germany
| | - Qian Zhong
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Cheng Duan
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Guangzhou, 511458 China
| | - Jean Krutmann
- grid.435557.50000 0004 0518 6318IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, D-40225 Germany
| | - Jiucun Wang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Jingjing Xia
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Guangzhou, 511458 China
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Immunomodulatory Properties of Host Defence Peptides in Skin Wound Healing. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070952. [PMID: 34203393 PMCID: PMC8301823 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is a vital biological process that aids skin regeneration upon injury. Wound healing failure results from persistent inflammatory conditions observed in diabetes, or autoimmune diseases like psoriasis. Chronic wounds are incurable due to factors like poor oxygenation, aberrant function of peripheral sensory nervature, inadequate nutrients and blood tissue supply. The most significant hallmark of chronic wounds is heavily aberrant immune skin function. The immune response in humans relies on a large network of signalling molecules and their interactions. Research studies have reported on the dual role of host defence peptides (HDPs), which are also often called antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Their duality reflects their potential for acting as antibacterial peptides, and as immunodulators that assist in modulating several biological signalling pathways related to processes such as wound healing, autoimmune disease, and others. HDPs may differentially control gene regulation and alter the behaviour of epithelial and immune cells, resulting in modulation of immune responses. In this review, we shed light on the understanding and most recent advances related to molecular mechanisms and immune modulatory features of host defence peptides in human skin wound healing. Understanding their functional role in skin immunity may further inspire topical treatments for chronic wounds.
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Lowy DB, Makker PGS, Moalem-Taylor G. Cutaneous Neuroimmune Interactions in Peripheral Neuropathic Pain States. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660203. [PMID: 33912189 PMCID: PMC8071857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional interplay between the peripheral immune and nervous systems plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and responding to noxious stimuli. This crosstalk is facilitated by a variety of cytokines, inflammatory mediators and neuropeptides. Dysregulation of this delicate physiological balance is implicated in the pathological mechanisms of various skin disorders and peripheral neuropathies. The skin is a highly complex biological structure within which peripheral sensory nerve terminals and immune cells colocalise. Herein, we provide an overview of the sensory innervation of the skin and immune cells resident to the skin. We discuss modulation of cutaneous immune response by sensory neurons and their mediators (e.g., nociceptor-derived neuropeptides), and sensory neuron regulation by cutaneous immune cells (e.g., nociceptor sensitization by immune-derived mediators). In particular, we discuss recent findings concerning neuroimmune communication in skin infections, psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis. We then summarize evidence of neuroimmune mechanisms in the skin in the context of peripheral neuropathic pain states, including chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, diabetic polyneuropathy, post-herpetic neuralgia, HIV-induced neuropathy, as well as entrapment and traumatic neuropathies. Finally, we highlight the future promise of emerging therapies associated with skin neuroimmune crosstalk in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Lowy
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Preet G S Makker
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gila Moalem-Taylor
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Xu L, Jiang H, Feng Y, Cao P, Ke J, Long X. Peripheral and central substance P expression in rat CFA-induced TMJ synovitis pain. Mol Pain 2020; 15:1744806919866340. [PMID: 31322474 PMCID: PMC6685108 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919866340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovitis contributes to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, nevertheless, the detailed nociceptive mechanism remains unclear. In this study, a rat model of TMJ synovitis was induced by intra-articular injection with complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). After CFA-induced synovitis, pain behaviors were observed. Then, TMJ, trigeminal ganglion, and trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) tissues were collected, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of substance P (SP) and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) in the synovium tissue. Furthermore, the gene expression level of SP and PGP9.5 in synovium was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Afterwards, the expression of SP in the trigeminal ganglion and TNC and c-fos in the TNC was detected by immunohistochemistry. Compared with the control group, the expression of SP and PGP9.5 nerve fibers density and gene levels of them in the synovium tissue were significantly increased in CFA-induced TMJ synovitis rats. Similarly, SP expression in the trigeminal ganglion and TNC, and c-fos expression in the TNC were also obviously increased in CFA-induced TMJ synovitis rats. Collectively, CFA-induced rat TMJ synovitis resulted in obvious pain. This nociceptive reaction could be attributed to the augmented quantity of SP and PGP9.5 positive-stained nerve fibers distributed in the inflammatory synovium as well as enhanced SP expression in the trigeminal ganglion and TNC tissue. c-fos expression in the rat TNC illustrates CFA-induced TMJ synovitis can evoke the acute pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Xu
- 1 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Henghua Jiang
- 1 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaping Feng
- 1 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pinyin Cao
- 1 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Ke
- 1 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Long
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Kim DJ, Moon JY, Kim SM, Seo JW, Lee YH, Jung SW, Kim K, Kim YG, Lim SJ, Lee S, Son Y, Lee SH. Substance P Improves Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Through Modulating Immune Response. Front Immunol 2020; 11:600. [PMID: 32391002 PMCID: PMC7190869 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance P (SP), an injury-inducible messenger that mobilizes bone marrow stem cells and modulates the immune response, has been suggested as a novel target for therapeutic agents. We evaluated the role of SP as an immune cell modulator during the progression of renal ischemic/reperfusion injury (IRI). Unilateral IRI induced the transient expression of endogenous SP and the infiltration of CCR7+ M1 macrophages in injured kidneys. However, SP altered the intrarenal macrophage polarization from CCR7+ M1 macrophages to CD206+ M2 macrophages in injured kidneys. SP also modulated bone marrow-derived neutrophils and mesenchymal stromal cells after IRI. SP treatment for 4 weeks starting one week after unilateral IRI significantly preserved kidney size and length and normal tubular structures and alleviated necrotic tubules, inflammation, apoptosis, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The beneficial effects of SP were accompanied by attenuation of intrarenal recruitment of CD4, CD8, and CD20 cells and abnormal angiogenesis. The immunomodulatory effect of SP suggested that SP could be a promising therapeutic target for preventing the progression of acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jin Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Moon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Seo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Ho Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Su Woong Jung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kipyo Kim
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yang Gyun Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Jig Lim
- Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Youngsook Son
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University Global Campus, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Ramachandran V, Cline A, Feldman SR, Strowd LC. Evaluating crisaborole as a treatment option for atopic dermatitis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1057-1063. [PMID: 31002539 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1604688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and recurrent disease presenting with eczematous lesions and pruritus. It impacts patient and family quality of life, increases morbidity, and accounts for large health-care expenditures. Although nonpharmacologic, topical, and systemic treatments exist, management of AD remains challenging due to limited treatment options. Crisaborole is a topical small molecule inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), recently approved for the treatment of AD in the United States. Areas covered: The authors review crisaborole in the management of AD based on Phase II, Phase III, and post-marketing studies. Pharmacologic properties such as chemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and metabolism are discussed. A PubMed systematic review was augmented with Google Scholar searches via keyword, Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), and Boolean operation searches. Expert opinion: Crisaborole showed modest efficacy in short-term trials, but head-to-head trials with topical corticosteroids and tacrolimus are needed to assess its clinical utility. Since crisaborole is non-steroidal, it may reduce the need for topical corticosteroids and address steroid phobia. However, it is likely to suffer from the same factors contributing to intentional non-adherence in topicals: dissatisfaction with efficacy and inconvenience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Ramachandran
- a Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
| | - Abigail Cline
- a Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
| | - Steven R Feldman
- a Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA.,b Department of Pathology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA.,c Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA.,d Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
| | - Lindsay C Strowd
- d Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
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