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Huang Y, Shang S, Du H. Causal association of micronutrients and supplements with pressure ulcer: A Mendelian randomization study. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13904. [PMID: 39149890 PMCID: PMC11327864 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressure ulcer (PU) is known to be associated with abnormalities of micronutrient status. However, to date, it is not clear whether a causal relationship exists between circulating levels of micronutrients and their supplementations and PU. METHODS A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted using summary statistics from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Genetic instrumental variables (IVs) for 13 micronutrients were identified from a GWAS of 67 582 participants, IVs for supplement zinc were acquired from 18 826 cases and 44 255 880 controls, and IVs for PU were obtained from 663 PUs and 207 482 controls. The MR analysis was conducted using the MR base platform. The main analysis method was inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis, supplemented by MR Egger, Weighted median, Weighted mode, and Simple mode analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q statistic for MR-IVW and Rucker's Q statistic for MR-Egger. Pleiotropy was determined by the MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using the leave-one-out method, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots. RESULTS Genetically predicted lower circulating zinc levels were found to be causally linked to the development of PU (OR = 0.758, 95%CI 0.583-0.987, P = 0.040). However, there was no significant evidence of a causal relationship between supplemental zinc intake and PU development (P > 0.05). Additionally, no causal association was observed between the other circulating micronutrients and the occurrence of PU. Furthermore, there was no indication of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity among genetic variants (P > 0.05), and the robustness of the findings was confirmed through leave-one-out tests and funnel plots. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate a potential causal association between circulating zinc levels and decreased risk of PU. However, zinc supplementation did not demonstrate a significant reduction in the risk of PU. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms through which zinc influences the pathogenesis of PU and evaluate the efficacy of zinc supplementation in the prevention and management of PU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Song Shang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Haiyang Du
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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Xiao C, Comer L, Pan X, Everaert N, Schroyen M, Song Z. Zinc glycinate alleviates LPS-induced inflammation and intestinal barrier disruption in chicken embryos by regulating zinc homeostasis and TLR4/NF-κB pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116111. [PMID: 38350216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The effect of an immune challenge induced by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure on systemic zinc homeostasis and the modulation of zinc glycinate (Zn-Gly) was investigated using a chicken embryo model. 160 Arbor Acres broiler fertilized eggs were randomly divided into 4 groups: CON (control group, injected with saline), LPS (LPS group, injected with 32 µg of LPS saline solution), Zn-Gly (zinc glycinate group, injected with 80 µg of zinc glycinate saline solution) and Zn-Gly+LPS (zinc glycinate and LPS group, injected with the same content of zinc glycinate and LPS saline solution). Each treatment consisted of eight replicates of five eggs each. An in ovo feeding procedure was performed at 17.5 embryonic day and samples were collected after 12 hours. The results showed that Zn-Gly attenuated the effects of LPS challenge-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory factor interleukin 1β (IL-1β) level (P =0.003). The LPS challenge mediated zinc transporter proteins and metallothionein (MT) to regulate systemic zinc homeostasis, with increased expression of the jejunum zinc export gene zinc transporter protein 1 (ZnT-1) and elevated expression of the import genes divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), Zrt- and Irt-like protein 3 (Zip3), Zip8 and Zip14 (P < 0.05). A similar trend could be observed for the zinc transporter genes in the liver, which for ZnT-1 mitigated by Zn-Gly supplementation (P =0.01). Liver MT gene expression was downregulated in response to the LPS challenge (P =0.004). These alterations caused by LPS resulted in decreased serum and liver zinc levels and increased small intestinal, muscle and tibial zinc levels. Zn-Gly reversed the elevated expression of the liver zinc finger protein A20 induced by the LPS challenge (P =0.025), while Zn-Gly reduced the gene expression of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-6, decreased toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65) (P < 0.05). Zn-Gly also alleviated the LPS-induced downregulation of the intestinal barrier gene Claudin-1. Thus, LPS exposure prompted the mobilization of zinc transporter proteins and MT to perform the remodeling of systemic zinc homeostasis, Zn-Gly participated in the regulation of zinc homeostasis and inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory factors through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, attenuating the inflammatory response and intestinal barrier damage caused by an immune challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanpi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China; Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Luke Comer
- Nutrition and Animal Microbiota Ecosystems lab, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xue Pan
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Nutrition and Animal Microbiota Ecosystems lab, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Zhigang Song
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources, Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.
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Hayashi A, Taki Y, Arai K, Sato S, Higashizono K, Nagai E, Nishida M, Watanabe M, Ohata K, Kanemoto H, Suzuki M, Oba N. Esophageal ulcer related to zinc deficiency following a total gastrectomy. Nutrition 2023; 110:111999. [PMID: 36924754 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.111999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
A 76-y-old Japanese man who had undergone gastrectomy 4.5 y earlier experienced 2 wk of sore throat, heartburn, and difficulty swallowing. Endoscopy showed deep, craterlike, longitudinal ulcers in the lower and middle esophagus. Immunohistochemistry and blood tests were negative for herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus infections. The patient reported no other symptoms affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Although his symptoms ameliorated after initial hospitalization and treatment, they re-emerged a few days after being discharged. Fifty-one days after being first admitted, he complained of glossalgia. The serum zinc level was found to be 38 µg/dL, which was below the reference range; the patient was diagnosed with zinc deficiency. After oral zinc administration, the patient was relieved of the symptoms, and his pain was alleviated. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after symptom relief showed improvement in the esophageal ulcers. He has continued taking zinc supplementations, and has not developed similar symptoms in the 5 y since being treated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of esophageal ulcers related to zinc deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asumi Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Taki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Kazumori Arai
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Sato
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Higashizono
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Erina Nagai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masato Nishida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masaya Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ko Ohata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kanemoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Oba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
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4
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Zinc and Zinc Transporters in Dermatology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416165. [PMID: 36555806 PMCID: PMC9785331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an important trace mineral in the human body and a daily intake of zinc is required to maintain a healthy status. Over the past decades, zinc has been used in formulating topical and systemic therapies for various skin disorders owing to its wound healing and antimicrobial properties. Zinc transporters play a major role in maintaining the integrity of the integumentary system by controlling zinc homeostasis within dermal layers. Mutations and abnormal function of zinc-transporting proteins can lead to disease development, such as spondylocheirodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (SCD-EDS) and acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE) which can be fatal if left untreated. This review discusses the layers of the skin, the importance of zinc and zinc transporters in each layer, and the various skin disorders caused by zinc deficiency, in addition to zinc-containing compounds used for treating different skin disorders and skin protection.
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Shen B, Mei M, Ai S, Liao X, Li N, Xiang S, Wen C, Tao Y, Dai H. TRPC6 inhibits renal tubular epithelial cell pyroptosis through regulating zinc influx and alleviates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22527. [PMID: 36036542 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200109rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Canonical transient receptor potential-6 (TRPC6) has been reported to be involved in cell damage after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in target organs. While the effect and of TRPC6 on pyroptosis in renal I/R injury remain unclear. In our study, we first established the renal I/R mouse model and oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation (OGD/R) cell model, and investigated the impacts of TRPC6 on the pyroptosis-related proteins using CCK-8, western blot, ELISA, and immunofluorescence probes. Besides, we also explored the mechanism of TRPC6 in pyroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells through A20 knockdown or overexpression and zinc chloride (ZnCl2 ) or a zinc ion chelator (TPEN) treatment. Our results indicated that I/R injury could cause downregulation of TRPC6 both in vivo and in vitro. In the I/R injury murine model, TRPC6 inhibition exacerbated tissue damage and upregulated NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-18, and IL-1β, which could be alleviated by the administration of ZnCl2 . In the OGD/R cell model, inhibitor of TRPC6 (SAR7334) reduced zinc ion influx, aggravated cell death and upregulated pyroptosis-related protein. The pyroptosis phenotype also could be alleviated by ZnCl2 and intensified by TPEN. Overexpression of A20 reduced the expression of pyroptosis-related protein, increased cell viability in the sh-TRPC6 and TPEN-treated OGD/R cell models, while A20 deficiency impaired the protective effect of zinc ion. Therefore, our results indicate that TRPC6 could promote zinc ion influx in renal tubular epithelial cells, thereby upregulating intracellular A20, inhibiting the activation of inflammasome NLRP3, and ultimately attenuating renal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China.,Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei Mei
- Department of Nephrology, The People's Hospital of Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Shanmu Ai
- Department of Emergency, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Sha Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaolin Wen
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Huanzi Dai
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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6
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Penny H, Flores R, Pennington E, Pedersen A, Tran S. The role of macronutrients and micronutrients in wound healing: a narrative review. J Wound Care 2022; 31:S14-S22. [PMID: 35576197 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.sup5.s14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is an extensive amount of research and literature discussing the role of various nutrients throughout the wound healing process. Despite the importance of nutrition in wound healing, dietary protocols often remain absent from wound care standards. This may be due to a lack of comprehensive literature that summarises the complexities and considerations associated with nutrient deficiency and supplementation into an easily accessible and inclusive reference tool. The purpose of this review is to assess the nutrients with key roles in the wound healing process, and subsequently provide information that enables optimisation of nutrition in wound healing. The goal is to consolidate the complexities associated with this topic into a simple, easy-to-use reference tool. We have identified the most important nutrients required for optimal wound healing and condensed the findings into an inclusive chart to be utilised in a clinical setting. This reference tool will include patient populations at risk of deficiency, the stage of wound healing in which each nutrient is required, delivery method and recommended daily intake, outpatient recommendations for rich food sources of each nutrient, and considerations associated with each nutrient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Penny
- UPMC Altoona, 1414 9th Ave, Altoona, PA 16602, US
| | | | | | | | - Son Tran
- Temple University, School of Pediatric Medicine 148 N. 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, US
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7
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Ueda S, Manabe Y, Kubo N, Morino N, Yuasa H, Shiotsu M, Tsuji T, Sugawara T, Kambe T. Early secretory pathway-resident Zn transporter proteins contribute to cellular sphingolipid metabolism through activation of sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C948-C959. [PMID: 35294847 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00020.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1) converts sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphocholine; hence, loss of SMPD1 function causes abnormal accumulation of sphingomyelin in lysosomes, which results in the lipid-storage disorder Niemann-Pick disease (types A and B). SMPD1 activity is dependent on zinc, which is coordinated at the active site of the enzyme, and although SMPD1 has been suggested to acquire zinc at the sites where the enzyme is localized, precisely how SMPD1 acquires zinc remains to be clarified. Here, we addressed this using a gene-disruption/re-expression strategy. Our results revealed that Zn transporter 5 (ZNT5)-ZNT6 heterodimers and ZNT7 homodimers, which localize in the compartments of the early secretory pathway, play essential roles in SMPD1 activation. Both ZNT complexes contribute to cellular sphingolipid metabolism by activating SMPD1 because cells lacking the functions of the two complexes exhibited a reduced ceramide to sphingomyelin content ratio in terms of their dominant molecular species and an increase in the sphingomyelin content in terms of three minor species. Moreover, mutant cells contained multilamellar body-like structures, indicative of membrane stacking and accumulation, in the cytoplasm. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the activation of SMPD1, a key enzyme in sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Ueda
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Manabe
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Kubo
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naho Morino
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hana Yuasa
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miku Shiotsu
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tokuji Tsuji
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sugawara
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taiho Kambe
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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8
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Baarz BR, Rink L. Rebalancing the unbalanced aged immune system - A special focus on zinc. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 74:101541. [PMID: 34915196 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, aging is understood as a dynamic and multifaceted dysregulation process that spares almost no human organ or cell. The immune system being among the most affected, it has been shown predominantly that its integrity determines the tightrope walk between the difference of escaping or suffering from age-related diseases. Next to drug-based anti-aging strategies, micronutrient intervention may represent an emerging but less radical way to slow immune aging. While a sufficient supply of a variety of micronutrients is undeniably important, adequate intake of the trace element zinc appears to tower over others in terms of reaching old age. Inconveniently, zinc deficiency prevalence among the elderly is high, which in turn contributes to increased susceptibility to infection, decreased anti-tumor immunity as well as attenuated response to vaccination. Driven by this research, this review aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the various rebalancing capabilities of zinc in the unbalanced immune system of the elderly. This includes an in-depth and cell type-centered discussion on the role of zinc in immunosenescence and inflammaging. We further address upcoming translational aspects e.g. how zinc deficiency promotes the flourishing of certain pathogenic taxa of the gut microbiome and how zinc supply counteracts such alterations in a manner that may contribute to longevity. In the light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we also briefly review current knowledge on the interdependency between age, zinc status, and respiratory infections. Based on two concrete examples and considering the latest findings in the field we conclude our remarks by outlining tremendous parallels between suboptimal zinc status and accelerated aging on the one hand and an optimized zinc status and successful aging on the other hand.
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Ho E, Wong CP, King JC. Impact of zinc on DNA integrity and age-related inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:391-397. [PMID: 34921929 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dr. Bruce Ames was a pioneer in understanding the role of oxidative stress and DNA damage, and in the 1990s began to make connections between micronutrient deficiencies and DNA damage. Zinc is an essential micronutrient for human health and a key component for the function of numerous cellular processes. In particular, zinc plays a critical role in cellular antioxidant defense, the maintenance of DNA integrity and is also essential for the normal development and function of the immune system. This review highlights the work helping connect zinc deficiency to oxidative stress, susceptibility to DNA damage and chronic inflammation that was initiated while working with Dr. Ames. This review outlines the body of work in this area, from cells to humans. The article also reviews the unique challenges of maintaining zinc status as we age and the interplay between zinc deficiency and age-related inflammation and immune dysfunction. Several micronutrient deficiencies, including zinc deficiency, can drastically affect the risk of many chronic diseases and underscores the importance of adequate nutrition for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Ho
- Linus Pauling Institute, 307 Linus Pauling Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, 101 Milam Hall, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| | - Carmen P Wong
- Linus Pauling Institute, 307 Linus Pauling Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, 101 Milam Hall, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Janet C King
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, USA
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Tsuruoka T, Kodama A, Yamaguchi S, Masutomi T, Koyama A, Murohara T, Komori K, Shibata R. Zinc deficiency impairs ischemia-induced angiogenesis. JVS Vasc Sci 2022; 3:30-40. [PMID: 35128488 PMCID: PMC8792263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Zinc is an important essential trace metal involved in many physiologic functions, and its deficiency can affect the development of multiple organs, including the vasculature. However, clarity is lacking regarding the effects of zinc deficiency in the regulation of angiogenesis. We investigated the effects of zinc deficiency on the revascularization process through animal experiments and examined the relationship between the circulating zinc levels and tissue blood perfusion in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Methods Zinc-deficient mice and control wild-type mice had undergone surgery to create unilateral hindlimb ischemia. Next, we examined the relationship between the serum zinc levels and skin perfusion pressure (SPP) as an index of tissue blood perfusion in patients with CLTI. A total of 51 patients with CLTI who had been referred for de novo revascularization for CLTI due to arteriosclerosis obliterans at our hospital from May 2012 to March 2016 were enrolled. Results The zinc-deficient mice showed a significant reduction in blood flow recovery rates in the ischemic limb and capillary density in the ischemic adductor muscle fibers compared with the control wild-type mice. The zinc-deficient mice also showed increased reactive oxygen species production after hindlimb ischemia. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitors ameliorated the zinc deficient-induced impairment of revascularization. The serum zinc levels were positively associated with the SPP in the CLTI patients. Multivariate regression analysis also revealed that the serum zinc levels were significantly correlated with the SPP in patients with CLTI. Conclusions Zinc deficiency impaired the rate of ischemia-induced revascularization through enhanced oxidative stress rates, suggesting that nutritional management for zinc sufficiency could be useful in CLTI prevention and treatment. In the present study, we investigated the effects of zinc deficiency on angiogenesis. We found that zinc deficiency impaired the rate of ischemia-induced revascularization through enhanced oxidative stress rates in animal model. In addition, the skin perfusion pressures were positively associated with the serum zinc levels in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Thus, the intake of zinc could be useful for the prevention and/or treatment of ischemic limb disease. Circulating zinc levels could be a useful marker for the assessment of atherosclerosis-based vascular disease such as limb ischemia. Possibly, nutritional improvement by zinc intake could lead to the prevention and treatment of ischemic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Tsuruoka
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Kodama
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shukuro Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Masutomi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Koyama
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Komori
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Correspondence: Kimihiro Komori, MD, PhD, Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Rei Shibata
- Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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11
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Yao J, Zhao J, Chen T, Zeng X. Prevention Effects of Chain Management on Pressure Ulcers of Hospitalized Patients. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:6368189. [PMID: 34931138 PMCID: PMC8684506 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6368189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The study focused on the preventive effects of the chain management model on pressure ulcers in the operating room. Sqoop big data collection module is used to collect patient information from various hospital information systems in a distributed manner. The data were from the clinical data center of the Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University General Hospital, and 268 patients were selected as the research subjects. A chain management model is constructed, concerning the preventive measures, the management of each link, the perioperative pressure ulcer management, and the reporting of pressure ulcers. Then, the two groups were compared for the SAS and SDS scores before and after nursing, the pressure ulcer sites, pressure ulcer reporting rate, pressure ulcer staging, and nursing satisfaction. The results show that it is not that more collection modules will lead to better cluster performance and that the execution delay is caused by MapReduce requiring the JAVA virtual machine, and after reaching a certain point, the increase in the number of tasks will slow down the process, and as data size increases, DataNote has an expanded capability to analyze data. After nursing treatment, the SAS and SDS scores of the two groups of patients were significantly lower than before treatment (P < 0.05). The pressure ulcers were mainly distributed in the forehead, mandible, cheeks, front chest, and knees in the two groups, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The total satisfaction of the observation group was 93.28%, and the total satisfaction of the control group was 92.54%. The patients' satisfaction with the chain management model was higher than that of conventional nursing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yao
- Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
| | - Xuehui Zeng
- Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
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Abstract
Vitamin and mineral supplement consumption is widespread. They are taken for a variety of conditions, including dermatologic disorders. Although consumers often assume these supplements are safe, excessive consumption of supplements may have deleterious effects. Such vitamin supplements include vitamin A, niacin, biotin, vitamin D, and vitamin E, and specific mineral supplements include zinc, copper, and iron. These supplements may have a number of potential adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freidrich Anselmo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marcia S Driscoll
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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13
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Xu W, Yu X, Jiang H, Wang Y, Ye Y. A nomogram prediction of pressure injury in critical ill patients: A retrospective cohort study. Int Wound J 2021; 19:826-833. [PMID: 34477312 PMCID: PMC9013588 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure injury (PI) is still a significant public health problem to be solved. Accurate prediction can lead to timely prophylaxis and therapy. However, the currently used Braden score shows insufficient predictive validity. We aimed to develop a nomogram to predict PI development in critically ill patients. We extracted data from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV v1.0. Variable selection was based on univariate logistic regression and all-subset regression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the performance of the nomogram and Braden score. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to identify and compare the clinical usefulness between the nomogram model and Braden score. We have developed a novel and practical nomogram that accurately predicts pressure ulcers. The AUC of the new model was better than that of the Braden score (P < .001). DCA showed that the nomogram model had a better net benefit than the Braden score at any given threshold. This finding needs to be confirmed by external validation as well as multicentre prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Department of Nursing DivisionThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of MedicineHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xueshu Yu
- Department of Intensive Care UnitThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Intensive Care UnitThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yincai Ye
- Department of Blood TransfusionThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
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14
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Atsushi O, Ikumi K, Kyoko T. Establishment of a cultivation method for leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) and komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis) with high zinc content for patients with zinc deficiency and evaluation of its effectiveness. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:3202-3207. [PMID: 33215704 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient intake of zinc is associated with various diseases worldwide. To overcome this problem, we aimed to establish a method for cultivating leafy vegetables with high zinc content in hydroponics without inhibiting their growth. Furthermore, we evaluated the effectiveness of the cultivated leafy vegetables with high zinc content in zinc-deficient mice. RESULTS By adjusting the zinc concentration in the hydroponic solution to 5 mg L-1 starting from 7 days before harvesting, the zinc content in leaf lettuce increased eight times of that in the control, without any inhibition of the growth. Furthermore, when oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was added simultaneously with zinc to the hydroponic solution, the zinc content further doubled (16 times of that in the control). Similar results were obtained with komatsuna and red leaf lettuce, although there was a difference in the effect of GSSG treatment. The effectiveness of leafy vegetables with high zinc content in ameliorating zinc deficiency was evaluated by feeding lettuce with high zinc content to zinc-deficient mice. High zinc content lettuce significantly increased the zinc content in the liver, kidneys, gastrocnemius, and tibia of these mice. CONCLUSION We established a cultivation method for lettuce and komatsuna with high zinc content without inhibiting growth by adjusting the zinc concentration in the hydroponic solution at an appropriate concentration for an appropriate period. The result of feeding test indicates that the intake of leafy vegetables with high zinc content can ameliorate zinc deficiency and might be useful in protection from several diseases associated with this deficiency. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogawa Atsushi
- Department of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST) Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kudo Ikumi
- Department of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
| | - Toyofuku Kyoko
- Department of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST) Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
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Yu JN, Wu BB, Feng LP, Chen HL. COVID-19 related pressure injuries in patients and personnel: A systematic review. J Tissue Viability 2021; 30:283-290. [PMID: 33895045 PMCID: PMC8056785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is causing a rapid and tragic health emergency worldwide. Because of the particularity of COVID-19, people are at a high risk of pressure injuries during the prevention and treatment process of COVID-19. OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to summarize the pressure injuries caused by COVID-19 and the corresponding preventive measures and treatments. METHODS This systematic review was according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. PubMed, Web of science and CNKI (Chinese) were searched for studies on pressure injuries caused by COVID-19 published up to August 4, 2020. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) and the CARE guidelines. RESULTS The data were extracted from 16 studies involving 7,696 participants in 7 countries. All studies were published in 2020. There are two main types of pressure injuries caused by the COVID-19: 1) Pressure injuries that caused by protective equipment (masks, goggles and face shield, etc.) in the prevention process; 2) pressure injuries caused by prolonged prone position in the therapy process. CONCLUSIONS In this systematic review, the included studies showed that wearing protective equipment for a long time and long-term prone positioning with mechanical ventilation will cause pressure injuries in the oppressed area. Foam dressing may need to be prioritized in the prevention of medical device related pressure injuries. The prevention of pressure injuries should be our particular attention in the course of clinical treatment and nursing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ning Yu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bing-Bing Wu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hong-Lin Chen
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 226001, Jiangsu, PR China.
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16
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Grüngreiff K, Gottstein T, Reinhold D. Zinc Deficiency-An Independent Risk Factor in the Pathogenesis of Haemorrhagic Stroke? Nutrients 2020; 12:E3548. [PMID: 33228216 PMCID: PMC7699494 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element for human health and plays a fundamental role in metabolic, immunological and many other biological processes. The effects of zinc are based on the intra- and extracellular regulatory function of the zinc ion (Zn2+) and its interactions with proteins. The regulation of cellular zinc homeostasis takes place via a complex network of metal transporters and buffering systems that react to changes in the availability of zinc in nutrition, chronic diseases, infections and many other processes. Zinc deficiency is associated with impairment of numerous metabolic processes, reduced resistance to infections due to impaired immune functions, changes in skin and its appendages and disorders of wound healing and haemostasis. While ischemic heart attacks (myocardial infarction) occur more frequently with meat-based normal diets, haemorrhagic strokes are more frequently observed with vegetarian/vegan diets. The causes are discussed as deficiencies of various micronutrients, such as vitamin B12, vitamin D, various amino acids and also zinc. In the present review, after a description of the functions of zinc and its resorption, a discussion of daily food intake will follow, with a special focus on the importance of food composition and preparation for the zinc balance. The close interrelationships between proteins, especially albumin and zinc will be discussed. Finally, the possible causes and consequences of a zinc deficiency on the blood vessels and blood coagulation are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Grüngreiff
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, City Hospital Magdeburg GmbH, 39130 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Thomas Gottstein
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, City Hospital Magdeburg GmbH, 39130 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Dirk Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
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18
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Akbari G. Role of Zinc Supplementation on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Various Organs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:1-9. [PMID: 31828721 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01892-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious condition which is associated with myocardial infarction, stroke, acute kidney injury, trauma, circulatory arrest, sickle cell disease, and sleep apnea and can lead to high morbidity and mortality. Salts of zinc (Zn) are commonly used by humans and have protective effects against gastric, renal, hepatic, muscle, myocardial, or neuronal ischemic injury. The present review evaluates molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of Zn supplement against I/R injury. Data of this review have been collected from the scientific articles published in databases such as Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Scientific Information Database from 1991 to 2019. Zn supplementation increased the decreased parameters including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione (GSH), metallothionein (MT), protein sulfhydryl (P-SH), and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) expression and decreased the increased elements such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, malondialdehyde (MDA), serum level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and microRNAs-(122 and 34a), apoptotic factors, and histopathological changes. Zn also increases phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation and preserves protein kinase C isoforms. It is suggested that Zn can be administered before elective surgeries for prevention of side effects of I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaidafeh Akbari
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
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19
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Sekiguchi A, Ishikawa O, Motegi SI. Case of zinc deficiency-induced dermatomyositis-like dermatitis: Association between absence of CD1a-positive Langerhans cells and development of dermatitis. J Dermatol 2020; 47:e286-e288. [PMID: 32415674 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sekiguchi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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20
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Song Y, Wang L, Yu H, Yuan B, Shen H, Du L, Cai J, Chen H. Zinc Therapy Is a Reasonable Choice for Patients With Pressure Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. Nutr Clin Pract 2020; 35:1001-1009. [PMID: 32166790 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Ping Song
- School of Medicine Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Information Department The Third People's Hospital of Nantong Nantong Jiangsu PR China
| | - Hai‐Rong Yu
- Nursing Department Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu PR China
| | - Bao‐Fang Yuan
- Nursing Department Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu PR China
| | - Hong‐Wu Shen
- Nursing Department Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu PR China
| | - Lin Du
- School of Medicine Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu PR China
| | - Ji‐Yu Cai
- School of Medicine Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu PR China
| | - Hong‐Lin Chen
- School of Public Health Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu PR China
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