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Chae YK, Ye JR, Nam OH. Evaluation of biocompatibility and bioactive potential of Well-Root PT by comparison with ProRoot MTA and Biodentine. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:2218-2225. [PMID: 39347095 PMCID: PMC11437307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Well-Root PT is a novel bioceramic material developed to overcome limitations of conventional calcium silicate cements. The purpose of this study was to assess the biocompatibility and bioactivity of a premixed putty-type cement, Well-Root PT. Materials and methods Identical cylindrical samples were prepared from ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, and Well-Root PT. In vitro calcium weight volume and calcium ion release from the materials were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. An in vivo rat direct pulp capping model was implemented with the materials (n = 14 per material). The rats were sacrificed at 7 or 28 days. Hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Results In vitro calcium weight volume was 42.83 ± 8.82 % in ProRoot MTA, 47.05 ± 8.83 % in Biodentine, and 29.99 ± 4.94 % in Well-Root PT. Calcium ion releases from Well-Root PT after 7 and 28 days were similar with those from ProRoot MTA, but lower than those from Biodentine (P = 0.001 after 7 and 28 days equally). In an in vivo rat model, hematoxylin and eosin analysis showed no significant differences in inflammatory infiltration (P = 0.393) and hard tissue formation scores among the materials (P = 0.905). Also, both CD68 and DSPP expression showed similar results, with no significant differences among the materials (equally P = 0.874 for both markers). Conclusion Within the limits of this study, Well-Root PT was comparable to ProRoot MTA and Biodentine in terms of biocompatibility and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kwon Chae
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Ri Ye
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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Karahan M, Kiziltan Eliacik BB, Cagiral U, Iscan E, Ozhan G. Investigation of the biocompatibility of various pulp capping materials on zebrafish model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310996. [PMID: 39302990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Testing the biocompatibility of commercially available dental materials is a major challenge in dental material science. In the present study, the biocompatibility of four commercially available dental materials Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Biodentine, Harvard BioCal-CAP and Oxford ActiveCal PC was investigated. The biocompatibility analysis was performed on zebrafish embryos and larvae using standard toxicity tests such as survivability and hatching rates. Comparative toxicity analysis of toxicity was performed by measuring apoptosis using acridine orange dye and whole mount immunofluorescence methods on zebrafish larvae exposed to the dental materials at different dilutions. Toxicity analysis showed a significant decrease in survival and hatching rates with increasing concentration of exposed materials. The results of the apoptosis assay with acridine orange showed greater biocompatibility of Biodentine, Oxford ActiveCal PC, Harvard BioCal-CAP and Biodentine compared to MTA, which was concentration dependent. Consequently, this study has shown that showed resin-modified calcium silicates are more biocompatible than traditional calcium silicates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Karahan
- Hamidiye Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Basak Kiziltan Eliacik
- Hamidiye Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Cagiral
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Evin Iscan
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
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Novotná B, Holík P, Morozova Y, Rosa M, Galandáková A, Langová K. Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of the Dental Materials TheraCal LC, TheraCal PT, ApaCal ART and Biodentine Used in Vital Pulp Therapy: In Vitro Study. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:249. [PMID: 39195093 DOI: 10.3390/dj12080249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity of selected resin-modified materials used in direct contact with the dental pulp (TheraCal LC, TheraCal PT, and ApaCal ART) with calcium silicate cement (Biodentine). (2) Methods: The mouse fibroblast Balb/3T3 cell line and the extracts of tested materials in four concentrations were used for the testing. An MTT assay was performed in three independent experiments with six replicates for each concentration of tested material. The cell viability (%) and cytotoxicity were expressed (cytotoxic effect is considered in cases where the cell viability is lower than 70%). The mean of the cell viability and the standard deviation were expressed for each material at all concentrations. ANOVA and Dunnet's post hoc tests were used for the statistical analysis. All of these tests were performed at the 0.05 significance level. (3) Results: At all concentrations, the cell viability was statistically significantly lower (p ≤ 0.002) for all tested materials compared to Biodentine. ApaCal ART showed a high level of cytotoxicity at all concentrations (cell viability lower than 47.71%, p < 0.0001). The same result was found for TheraCal LC at concentrations of 100%, 50% and 25% and TheraCal PT at concentrations of 100% and 50%. TheraCal LC at a 10% concentration (cell viability 68.18%) and TheraCal PT at a 25% concentration (cell viability 60.63%) indicated potential cytotoxicity. TheraCal PT at a 10% concentration was not found to be cytotoxic (cell viability 79.18%, p = 0.095). (4) Conclusion: The resin-modified calcium silicate and calcium phosphate materials showed higher cytotoxic potential, so they should be used with caution when in direct contact with the dental pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Novotná
- Institute of Dentistry and Oral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and Faculty Hospital Olomouc, Palackého 12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Holík
- Institute of Dentistry and Oral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and Faculty Hospital Olomouc, Palackého 12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Yuliya Morozova
- Institute of Dentistry and Oral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and Faculty Hospital Olomouc, Palackého 12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Matej Rosa
- Institute of Dentistry and Oral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and Faculty Hospital Olomouc, Palackého 12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Galandáková
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Langová
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Kunert M, Piwonski I, Hardan L, Bourgi R, Sauro S, Inchingolo F, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Dentine Remineralisation Induced by "Bioactive" Materials through Mineral Deposition: An In Vitro Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:274. [PMID: 38334546 PMCID: PMC10857417 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the ability of modern resin-based "bioactive" materials (RBMs) to induce dentine remineralisation via mineral deposition and compare the results to those obtained with calcium silicate cements (CSMs). The following materials were employed for restoration of dentine cavities: CSMs: ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Sirona), MTA Angelus (Angelus), Biodentine (Septodont), and TheraCal LC (Bisco); RBMs: ACTIVA BioACTIVE Base/Liner (Pulpdent), ACTIVA Presto (Pulpdent), and Predicta Bioactive Bulk (Parkell). The evaluation of the mineral deposition was performed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) on the material and dentine surfaces, as well as at the dentine-material interface after immersion in simulated body fluid. Additionally, the Ca/P ratios were also calculated in all the tested groups. The specimens were analysed after setting (baseline) and at 24 h, 7, 14, and 28 days. ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, Biodentine, and TheraCal LC showed significant surface precipitation, which filled the gap between the material and the dentine. Conversely, the three RBMs showed only a slight ability to induce mineral precipitation, although none of them was able to remineralise the dentine-material interface. In conclusion, in terms of mineral precipitation, modern "bioactive" RBMs are not as effective as CSMs in inducing dentine remineralisation; these latter represent the only option to induce a possible reparative process at the dentin-material interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kunert
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Piwonski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 163 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera C/Del Pozo ss/n, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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Phang V, Malhotra R, Chen NN, Min KS, Yu VSH, Rosa V, Dubey N. Specimen Shape and Elution Time Affect the Mineralization and Differentiation Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells to Biodentine. J Funct Biomater 2023; 15:1. [PMID: 38276474 PMCID: PMC10816296 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The liquid extract method is commonly used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of materials. Although ISO has recommended guidelines for test methods, variations in elution period, and shape of samples can influence the biological outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of material form and elution period of Biodentine on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs)' proliferation and mineralization. Biodentine (0.2 g) discs or powder were immersed in culture media (10 mL) for 1, 3 or 7 days (D1, D3 and D7). The eluents were filtered and used to treat DPSC. The calcium release profile and pH were determined. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTS for 3 days, and mineralization and differentiation were assessed by alizarin red S staining (Ca2+/ng of DNA) and qRT-PCR (MEPE, DSPP, DMP-1, RUNX2, COL-I and OCN) for 14 days. Statistical analysis was performed with a one or two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test (pH, calcium release and proliferation) or Mann-Whitney test (α = 0.05). pH and calcium ion release of powdered eluents were significantly higher than disc eluents. Powdered eluent promoted extensive cell death, while the disc form was cytocompatible. All disc eluents significantly increased the gene expression and mineralization after 14 days compared to the untreated control. D7 induced less mineralization and differentiation compared to D1 and D3. Thus, the materials' form and elution time are critical aspects to be considered when evaluating the bioactivity of materials, since this binomial can affect positively and negatively the biological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valene Phang
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119085, Singapore; (V.P.); (R.M.); (V.S.H.Y.)
- National Dental Centre Singapore, 5 Second Hospital Ave., Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - Ritika Malhotra
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119085, Singapore; (V.P.); (R.M.); (V.S.H.Y.)
| | - Nah Nah Chen
- National Dental Centre Singapore, 5 Second Hospital Ave., Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - Kyung-San Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Victoria Soo Hoon Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119085, Singapore; (V.P.); (R.M.); (V.S.H.Y.)
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119085, Singapore; (V.P.); (R.M.); (V.S.H.Y.)
| | - Nileshkumar Dubey
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119085, Singapore; (V.P.); (R.M.); (V.S.H.Y.)
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Saber SM, Gomaa SM, Elashiry MM, El-Banna A, Schäfer E. Comparative biological properties of resin-free and resin-based calcium silicate-based endodontic repair materials on human periodontal ligament stem cells. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6757-6768. [PMID: 37796335 PMCID: PMC10630253 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05288-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of three different calcium silicate-based materials (CSBM) on the biological behavior of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). METHODS Eluates of Biodentine, NeoPutty and TheraCal PT prepared at 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 ratios were extracted under sterile conditions. The cytotoxicity of the extracts to the hPDLSCs was assessed using the MTT assay. Scratch wound healing assay was utilized for assessing cell migration. Scanning electron microscopy was used to detect cell attachment and morphology. Calcium ion release was measured using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry; the pH-value was evaluated with a pH-meter. ANOVA with post hoc Tukey test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Cell viability was significantly higher for Biodentine and NeoPutty at day 1 with all dilutions (p < 0.05), while at day 3 and day 7 with dilutions 1:2 and 1:4; all materials showed similar behavior (p > 0.05). Biodentine had the highest percentage of cell migration into the scratched area at day 1 for all dilutions (p < 0.05). Stem cells were attached favorably on Biodentine and NeoPutty with evident spreading, and intercellular communications; however, this was not shown for TheraCal PT. Biodentine showed the highest pH values and calcium ion release (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The resin-free CSBM showed better performance and favorable biological effects on hPDLSCs and were therefore considered promising for usage as endodontic repair materials. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Proper selection of materials with favorable impact on the host stem cells is crucial to ensure outcome in different clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehabeldin M Saber
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
- Dental Science Research Group, Health Research Centre of Excellence, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa M Gomaa
- Dental Science Research Group, Health Research Centre of Excellence, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elashiry
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Endodontics, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ahmed El-Banna
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Edgar Schäfer
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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7
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Yousefi-Koma AA, Assadian H, Mohaghegh S, Nokhbatolfoghahaei H. Comparative Biocompatibility and Odonto-/Osteogenesis Effects of Hydraulic Calcium Silicate-Based Cements in Simulated Direct and Indirect Approaches for Regenerative Endodontic Treatments: A Systematic Review. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:446. [PMID: 37754860 PMCID: PMC10532331 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regenerative dentistry is the operation of restoring dental, oral and maxillofacial tissues. Currently, there are no guidelines for the ideal cement/material in regenerative endodontic treatments (RET). Hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements (hCSCs) are currently the material of choice for RET. OBJECTIVES This systematic review was conducted to gather all of the different direct and indirect approaches of using hCSCs in RET in vitro and in vivo, and to ascertain if there are any superiorities to indirect approaches. METHODS AND MATERIALS This systematic review was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. The study question according to the PICO format was as follows: Comparison of the biological behavior (O) of stem cells (P) exposed to hCSCs through direct and indirect methods (I) with untreated stem cells (C). An electronic search was executed in Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed. RESULTS A total of 78 studies were included. Studies were published between 2010 and 2022. Twenty-eight commercially available and eighteen modified hCSCs were used. Seven exposure methods (four direct and three indirect contacts) were assessed. ProRoot MTA and Biodentine were the most used hCSCs and had the most desirable results. hCSCs were either freshly mixed or set before application. Most studies allowed hCSCs to set in incubation for 24 h before application, which resulted in the most desirable biological outcomes. Freshly mixed hCSCs had the worst outcomes. Indirect methods had significantly better viability/proliferation and odonto-/osteogenesis outcomes. CONCLUSION Biodentine and ProRoot MTA used in indirect exposure methods result in desirable biological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir-Ali Yousefi-Koma
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Hadi Assadian
- Department of Endodontics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614418, Iran
| | - Sadra Mohaghegh
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
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Small Molecule GSK-3 Inhibitors Safely Promote the Proliferation and Viability of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells-In Vitro. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020542. [PMID: 36831078 PMCID: PMC9953089 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Small molecules have demonstrated promising results as successful alternatives to growth factors. In this study, focus was drawn to CHIR99021 and tideglusib as GSK-3 inhibitors known for their anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential. The effect of both tideglusib and CHIR99021 on the proliferation, viability, and stemness of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) was investigated to assess their possible role in regenerative dentistry. Briefly, hDPSCs were isolated from sound premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes. Cytotoxicity and proliferation assessment were performed via cell counting kit-8 followed by flow cytometric analysis of apoptotic marker ANNEXIN V. The effect of both small molecules on the stemness of hDPSCs was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Both tideglusib and CHIR99021 were proven to be safe on hDPSCs. The tideglusib concentration that resulted in higher viable cells was 100 nM, while the concentration for CHIR99021 was 5 nM. Both small molecules successfully induced cellular proliferation and demonstrated minimal expression of ANNEXIN V, indicative of the absence of cellular apoptosis and further confirming their positive effect on proliferation. Finally, both small molecules enhanced stemness markers expression as evidenced by qRT-PCR, which, again, highlighted the positive effect of both tideglusib and CHIR99021 on safely promoting the proliferation of hDPSCs while maintaining their stemness.
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9
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Padrón-Alvarado K, García-Mendoza LA, Ramírez-Ortega JP, Rodríguez-Chavéz JA, Moyaho-Bernal MDLA, Arreguín-Cano JA, Hoz-Rodríguez LA, Wintergerst A, Arenas-Alatorre JA, Flores-Ledesma A. Cell viability and physicochemical effects of different concentrations of bismuth trioxide in a mineral trioxide aggregate cement. J Oral Sci 2023; 65:10-14. [PMID: 36529511 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.22-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of three concentrations of bismuth trioxide (Bi2O3) on the biological and physicochemical properties of an experimental mineral trioxide aggregate-type (MTA-type) cement at different time points. METHODS Three experimental groups with white Portland cement containing 15, 20, or 25 wt% of Bi2O3 were assessed. Cellular proliferation in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts was evaluated with an MTT assay. Radiopacity, dimensional stability, pH, and compressive strength were evaluated at different time points. RESULTS Bismuth trioxide induced cell proliferation in the Bi15 and Bi25 groups in a time-dependent manner; pH was similar in all groups. Compressive strength was associated with time and bismuth concentration. Bi25 had significantly contracted at day 7 and expanded at day 14 (ANOVA P < 0.05, post hoc Tukey test P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A higher Bi2O3 concentration had a negative effect on the physical properties of the cement at all time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Padrón-Alvarado
- Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Postgraduate Studies and Research Division, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of México
| | - Laura A García-Mendoza
- Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Postgraduate Studies and Research Division, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of México
| | - Juana P Ramírez-Ortega
- Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Postgraduate Studies and Research Division, Faculty of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of México
| | | | - María D L A Moyaho-Bernal
- Dental Materials and Biomaterials Laboratory Faculty of Stomatology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla
| | | | - Lia A Hoz-Rodríguez
- Periodontal Biology and Mineralized Tissue Laboratory, Postgraduate Studies and Research Division, School of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of México
| | - Ana Wintergerst
- Division of Postgraduate Studies and Research, School of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of México
| | - Jesús A Arenas-Alatorre
- Central Microscopy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, National Autonomous University of México
| | - Abigailt Flores-Ledesma
- Dental Materials and Biomaterials Laboratory Faculty of Stomatology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla
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10
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Effect of Biodentine on Odonto/Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 10:bioengineering10010012. [PMID: 36671584 PMCID: PMC9854827 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to compare the biological characteristics of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) isolated from different-aged populations and examine the effects of Biodentine on proliferation and odonto/osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs isolated from the elderly in vitro. hDPSCs were isolated from three different-aged populations: group A (≤18 years old), group B (19−59 years old), and group C (≥60 years old). The adhesion, proliferation, odonto/osteogenesis, and senescence were compared. The optimal concentration of aqueous Biodentine extract was determined by CCK-8 assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alizarin red staining (ARS). The effect of Biodentine on odonto/osteogenic gene and protein expression of hDPSCs in each group was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) and Western blot. hDPSCs were successfully isolated from three different-aged populations. Flow cytometry revealed that all isolated hDPSCs were positive for CD73 (>90%), CD90 (>90%), CD146 (<30%), and negative for CD45 (<1%). There existed an age-related decline in proliferation, odonto/osteogenic gene expression, and S-phase fraction (p < 0.05), an increase in senescence genes and p21 and p16 expression, and time needed for cell adhesion. Biodentine promoted hDPSC proliferation and mineralization in each group, particularly at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL. Biodentine markedly enhanced odonto/osteogenesis-related gene and protein expression in each group (p < 0.05). hDPSCs can be obtained from populations of all ages. Though there is an age-related decline in their biological properties, hDPSCs from the elderly still maintain certain proliferation and multidirectional differentiation abilities. Biodentine can significantly promote the proliferation and odonto/osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs isolated from the elderly over 60 years old, which could be considered a pulp capping material for vital pulp therapy in the elderly. Nevertheless, the efficacy of Biodentine in clinical application has to be further studied.
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11
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The Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Bioactive Dental Materials. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203238. [PMID: 36291107 PMCID: PMC9600439 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The promotion of biologically based treatment strategies in restorative dentistry is of paramount importance, as invasive treatments should be avoided to maintain the tooth's vitality. This study aimed to assess the biocompatibility of commercially available bioactive materials that can be used for dental pulp capping. The study was performed with a monocyte/macrophage peripheral blood SC cell line (ATCC CRL-9855) on the following six specific bioactive materials: ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Sirona), MTA Angelus (Angelus), Biodentine (Septodont), TheraCal LC (Bisco), ACTIVA BioACTIVE (Pulpdent) and Predicta Bioactive Bulk (Parkell). The cytotoxicity of the investigated agents was measured using a resazurin-based cell viability assay, while the genotoxicity was evaluated using an alkaline comet assay. Additionally, flow cytometry (FC) apoptosis detection was conducted with a FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I. FC cell-cycle arrest assessment was carried out with propidium iodide staining. The results of this study showed no significant cytotoxicity and genotoxicity (p > 0.05) in ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, Biodentine, ACTIVA BioACTIVE and Predicta Bioactive. Conversely, TheraCal LC presented a significant decrease (p < 0.001). In conclusion, due to excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, MTA, Biodentine, ACTIVA BioACTIVE and Predicta Bioactive may be suitable for pulp capping treatments. On the other hand, due to the high cytotoxicity of TheraCal LC, its use should be avoided in vital pulp therapies.
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A Molecular View on Biomaterials and Dental Stem Cells Interactions: Literature Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12125815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials and stem cells are essential components in the field of regenerative medicine. Various biomaterials have been designed that have appropriate biochemical and biophysical characteristics to mimic the microenvironment of an extracellular matrix. Dental stem cells (DT-MSCs) represent a novel source for the development of autologous therapies due to their easy availability. Although research on biomaterials and DT-MSCs has progressed, there are still challenges in the characteristics of biomaterials and the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating the behavior of DT-MSCs. In this review, the characteristics of biomaterials are summarized, and their classification according to their source, bioactivity, and different biological effects on the expansion and differentiation of DT-MSCs is summarized. Finally, advances in research on the interaction of biomaterials and the molecular components involved (mechanosensors and mechanotransduction) in DT-MSCs during their proliferation and differentiation are analyzed. Understanding the molecular dynamics of DT-MSCs and biomaterials can contribute to research in regenerative medicine and the development of autologous stem cell therapies.
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Bulajić DV, Drljača J, Čapo I, Savić SM, Vojisavljević K, Hodžić A, Sekulić S, Bajkin BV. Biocompatibility of mesoporous SBA-16/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite and dentin demineralized particles on human dental pulp stem cells. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:1557-1567. [PMID: 34888993 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, a biomaterial (SBA-16/HA) based on the growth of hydroxyapatite (HA) particles within an organized silica structure SBA-16 (Santa Barbara Amorphous-16) was developed to evaluate its application to act as a porous microenvironment promoting attachment and viability of human dental pulp stem cells of healthy deciduous teeth (SHED). First, SHED were isolated and their phenotypes were evaluated by flow cytometry. The samples of SBA-16/HA were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), small and wide angle X-ray scattering (SWAXS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectra detector (EDS). Afterward, cells were cultured in the eluates of the above-mentioned biomaterial aged for 24 hr, 7. and 14 days. Bio-Oss® and dentin particles are involved for comparison and cells are cultured in the eluates of these two materials also. Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium bromide assay-MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide assay) was used for the determination of cell viability. The results obtained by all aforementioned characterization methods of SBA-16/HA, revealed a uniform spherical mesoporous structure, an intrinsic characteristic of this material. This material displayed excellent biocompatibility on SHEDs, and even proliferative potential, indicating that SBA-16/HA could potentially serve as a suitable substrate for bone regeneration. Contrary to SBA-16/HA, dentin particles showed low cytotoxicity at all time points, compared to control and Bio-Oss®groups. Our results substantiate the idea that SBA-16/HA has a beneficial effect on SHEDs, thus paving the way toward developing new material for bone replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragica V Bulajić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Jovana Drljača
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Ivan Čapo
- Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Slavica M Savić
- BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Aden Hodžić
- Central European Research Infrastructure Consortium, Basovizza, Italy
| | - Slobodan Sekulić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 1-7, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Branislav V Bajkin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Dental Clinic of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
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