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Vepštaitė-Monstavičė I, Ravoitytė B, Būdienė J, Valys A, Lukša J, Servienė E. Essential Oils of Mentha arvensis and Cinnamomum cassia Exhibit Distinct Antibacterial Activity at Different Temperatures In Vitro and on Chicken Skin. Foods 2023; 12:3938. [PMID: 37959057 PMCID: PMC10647671 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial contamination of meat is a global concern, especially for the risk of Salmonella infection that can lead to health issues. Artificial antibacterial compounds used to preserve fresh meat can have negative health effects. We investigated the potential of natural essential oils (EOs), namely Mentha arvensis (mint) and Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon) EOs, to prevent contamination of the food pathogen, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium, in vitro and on chicken skin. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique was used to determine the compositions of mint EO (MEO) and cinnamon EO (CEO); the most abundant compound in MEO was menthol (68.61%), and the most abundant compound was cinnamaldehyde (83.32%) in CEO. The antibacterial activity of MEO and CEO were examined in vapor and direct contact with S. typhimurium at temperatures of 4 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C. The minimal inhibitory concentration at 37 °C for MEO and CEO reached 20.83 µL/mL, and the minimal bactericidal concentration of CEO was the same, while for MEO, it was two-fold higher. We report that in most tested conditions in experiments performed in vitro and on chicken skin, CEO exhibits a stronger antibacterial effect than MEO. In the vapor phase, MEO was more effective against S. typhimurium than CEO at 4 °C. In direct contact, the growth of S. typhimurium was inhibited more efficiently by MEO than CEO at small concentrations and a longer exposure time at 37 °C. The exploration of CEO and MEO employment for the inhibition of Salmonella bacteria at different temperatures and conditions expands the possibilities of developing more environment- and consumer-friendly antibacterial protection for raw meat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bazilė Ravoitytė
- Laboratory of Genetics, Nature Research Centre, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (I.V.-M.); (A.V.); (J.L.)
| | - Jurga Būdienė
- Laboratory of Chemical and Behavioural Ecology, Nature Research Centre, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Algirdas Valys
- Laboratory of Genetics, Nature Research Centre, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (I.V.-M.); (A.V.); (J.L.)
| | - Juliana Lukša
- Laboratory of Genetics, Nature Research Centre, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (I.V.-M.); (A.V.); (J.L.)
| | - Elena Servienė
- Laboratory of Genetics, Nature Research Centre, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (I.V.-M.); (A.V.); (J.L.)
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Rashid M, Sharma S, Kaur A, Kaur A, Kaur S. Biopreservative efficacy of Enterococcus faecium-immobilised film and its enterocin against Salmonella enterica. AMB Express 2023; 13:11. [PMID: 36690815 PMCID: PMC9871141 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing awareness about the adverse health effects of artificial synthetic preservatives has led to a rapid increase in the demand for safe food preservation techniques and bio preservatives. Thus, in this study, the biopreservatives efficacy of enterocin-producing Enterococcus faecium Smr18 and its enterocin, ESmr18 was evaluated against Salmonella enterica contamination in chicken samples. E. faecium Smr18 is susceptible to the antibiotics penicillin-G, ampicillin, vancomycin, and erythromycin, thereby indicating that it is a nonpathogenic strain. Further, the enterocin ESmr18 was purified and characterised as a 3.8 kDa peptide. It possessed broad spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens including S. enterica serotypes Typhi and Typhimurium. Purified ESmr18 disrupted the cell membrane permeability of the target cell thereby causing rapid efflux of potassium ions from L. monocytogenes and S. enterica. Chicken samples inoculated with S. enterica and packaged in alginate films containing immobilised viable E. faecium resulted in 3 log10 colony forming units (CFU) reduction in the counts of S. enterica after 34 days of storage at 7-8 °C. The crude preparation of ESmr18 also significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the CFU counts of salmonella-inoculated chicken meat model. Purified ESmr18 at the concentration upto 4.98 µg/ml had no cytolytic effect against human red blood cells. Crude preparation of ESmr18 when orally administered in fish did not cause any significant (p < 0.05) change in the biochemical parameters of sera samples. Nonsignificant changes in the parameters of comet and micronucleus assays were observed between the treated and untreated groups of fishes that further indicated the safety profile of the enterocin ESmr18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Rashid
- grid.411894.10000 0001 0726 8286Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- grid.411894.10000 0001 0726 8286Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab India
| | - Arvinder Kaur
- grid.411894.10000 0001 0726 8286Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab India
| | - Amarjeet Kaur
- grid.411894.10000 0001 0726 8286Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab India
| | - Sukhraj Kaur
- grid.411894.10000 0001 0726 8286Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab India
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Wiser B, Niebuhr SE, Dickson JS. Impact of Interventions on the Survival of Salmonella enterica I 4,[5],1 2:i:- in Pork. J Food Prot 2022; 85:27-30. [PMID: 34469543 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT A mixed culture of Salmonella enterica serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- isolates was compared with a mixed culture of reference Salmonella serovars and nonpathogenic Escherichia coli surrogates. The two groups of Salmonella were compared for their resistance to commonly used pork carcass interventions, survival in ground pork, and thermal resistance in ground pork. No differences in responses were observed between the two groups of Salmonella serovars and the nonpathogenic E. coli surrogates within intervention type. No differences in recovery and survival or in heat resistance were observed between the two groups of Salmonella serovars in pork that had been treated, ground, and stored at 5°C for 2 weeks. However, the heat resistance of both groups of Salmonella serovars decreased after refrigerated storage. Because no differences were observed between Salmonella serovar I 4,[5],12:i:- and the reference Salmonella serovars in response to interventions commonly used in the pork industry, Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:- does not present a unique challenge to the pork industry. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Braden Wiser
- Interdepartmental Program in Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S E Niebuhr
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J S Dickson
- Interdepartmental Program in Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.,Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Gowda TKGM, De Zutter L, Van Royen G, Van Damme I. Exploring the microbiological quality and safety of dry-aged beef: A cross-sectional study of loin surfaces during ripening and dry-aged beef steaks from commercial meat companies in Belgium. Food Microbiol 2021; 102:103919. [PMID: 34809945 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in Belgian beef producing companies to study the current practices and the microbiological load of dry-aged loins (during production) and trimmed steaks (final product). In each company, the temperature and relative humidity of the ripening chamber were measured, and two loins (each in a different stage of the ripening process) were sampled. From the surface of each loin, a lean meat and adipose tissue sample was analysed separately, and different groups of bacteria, yeasts and moulds were enumerated. The average relative humidity in the ripening chambers was 72 ± 13% and the temperature ranged between 0.0 °C and 5.9 °C. During the drying process, most of the lean meat and adipose tissue samples showed high numbers of total psychrotrophic aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria, and yeasts, but the variation between loins was high. The microbiological load on freshly cut dry-aged steaks was generally lower than on loin surfaces, but both psychrotrophic aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were present inside several steaks. The water activity inside dry-aged beef steaks was high (aw ≥ 0.98), which could allow growth of psychrotrophic pathogens, though more in-depth studies are necessary to determine potential growth during the storage of (trimmed) steaks or even inside loins during the dry-aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja K G M Gowda
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke, B-9820, Belgium
| | - Lieven De Zutter
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke, B-9820, Belgium
| | - Geert Van Royen
- Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Technology and Food Science Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, Melle, B-9090, Belgium
| | - Inge Van Damme
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke, B-9820, Belgium.
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Nili S, Khanjani N, Bakhtiari B, Jahani Y, Dalaei H. The effect of meteorological variables on salmonellosis incidence in Kermanshah, West of Iran: a generalized linear model with negative binomial approach. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1171-1177. [PMID: 34150303 PMCID: PMC8172766 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00684-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Salmonella is one of the main causes of gastroenteritis, and its incidence may be affected by meteorological variables. This is the first study about the effect of climatic factors on salmonella incidence in Kermanshah, Iran. METHODS Data about salmonellosis cases in Kermanshah were inquired from Center for Communicable Disease Control, at the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran, for the 2008 to 2018 time-frame. Meteorological variables including maximum, minimum and mean of temperature and humidity, sunshine hours and rainfall were inquired for the same time frame. Negative binomial generalized linear models (GLM) were used to assess the effect of meteorological variables on the weekly incidence of salmonellosis. RESULTS During the years under study, 569 confirmed cases were registered in Kermanshah province. Study results showed a 3 % increase in salmonellosis incidence, after 1 % increase in minimum humidity in the week before (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.03; 95 % confidence interval (CI):1.02-1.05) and also a 4 % increase in incidence for 1 °C increase in mean temperature in the same week (IRR: 1.04; 95 % CI:1.02-1.06). CONCLUSIONS Increase in minimum humidity and mean temperature may have a role in increasing the incidence of salmonellosis in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairan Nili
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555 Kerman, Iran
| | - Bahram Bakhtiari
- Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Yunes Jahani
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamideh Dalaei
- Research Deputy of Iranian Meteorological Organization (IRIMO), Tehran, Iran
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Dourou D, Grounta A, Argyri AA, Froutis G, Tsakanikas P, Nychas GJE, Doulgeraki AI, Chorianopoulos NG, Tassou CC. Rapid Microbial Quality Assessment of Chicken Liver Inoculated or Not With Salmonella Using FTIR Spectroscopy and Machine Learning. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:623788. [PMID: 33633698 PMCID: PMC7901899 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.623788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken liver is a highly perishable meat product with a relatively short shelf-life and that can get easily contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. This study was conducted to evaluate the behavior of spoilage microbiota and of inoculated Salmonella enterica on chicken liver. The feasibility of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to assess chicken liver microbiological quality through the development of a machine learning workflow was also explored. Chicken liver samples [non-inoculated and inoculated with a four-strain cocktail of ca. 103 colony-forming units (CFU)/g Salmonella] were stored aerobically under isothermal (0, 4, and 8°C) and dynamic temperature conditions. The samples were subjected to microbiological analysis with concomitant FTIR measurements. The developed FTIR spectral analysis workflow for the quantitative estimation of the different spoilage microbial groups consisted of robust data normalization, feature selection based on extra-trees algorithm and support vector machine (SVM) regression analysis. The performance of the developed models was evaluated in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE), the square of the correlation coefficient (R2), and the bias (Bf) and accuracy (Af) factors. Spoilage was mainly driven by Pseudomonas spp., followed closely by Brochothrix thermosphacta, while lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Enterobacteriaceae, and yeast/molds remained at lower levels. Salmonella managed to survive at 0°C and dynamic conditions and increased by ca. 1.4 and 1.9 log CFU/g at 4 and 8°C, respectively, at the end of storage. The proposed models exhibited Af and Bf between observed and predicted counts within the range of 1.071 to 1.145 and 0.995 to 1.029, respectively, while the R2 and RMSE values ranged from 0.708 to 0.828 and 0.664 to 0.949 log CFU/g, respectively, depending on the microorganism and chicken liver samples. Overall, the results highlighted the ability of Salmonella not only to survive but also to grow at refrigeration temperatures and demonstrated the significant potential of FTIR technology in tandem with the proposed spectral analysis workflow for the estimation of total viable count, Pseudomonas spp., B. thermosphacta, LAB, Enterobacteriaceae, and Salmonella on chicken liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Dourou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA, Athens, Greece
| | - Athena Grounta
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA, Athens, Greece
| | - Anthoula A Argyri
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA, Athens, Greece
| | - George Froutis
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tsakanikas
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George-John E Nychas
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Agapi I Doulgeraki
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos G Chorianopoulos
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysoula C Tassou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA, Athens, Greece
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Modeling Salmonella spp. inactivation in chicken meat subjected to isothermal and non-isothermal temperature profiles. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 344:109110. [PMID: 33657496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella genus has foodborne pathogen species commonly involved in many outbreaks related to the consumption of chicken meat. Many studies have aimed to model bacterial inactivation as a function of the temperature. Due to the large heterogeneity of the results, a unified description of Salmonella spp. inactivation behavior is hard to establish. In the current study, by evaluating the root mean square errors, mean absolute deviation, and Akaike and Bayesian information criteria, the double Weibull model was considered the most accurate primary model to fit 61 datasets of Salmonella inactivation in chicken meat. Results can be interpreted as if the bacterial population is divided into two subpopulations consisting of one more resistant (2.3% of the total population) and one more sensitive to thermal stress (97.7% of the total population). The thermal sensitivity of the bacteria depends on the fat content of the chicken meat. From an adapted version of the Bigelow secondary model including both temperature and fat content, 90% of the Salmonella population can be inactivated after heating at 60 °C of chicken breast, thigh muscles, wings, and skin during approximately 2.5, 5.0, 9.5, and 57.4 min, respectively. The resulting model was applied to four different non-isothermal temperature profiles regarding Salmonella growth in chicken meat. Model performance for the non-isothermal profiles was evaluated by the acceptable prediction zone concept. Results showed that >80% of the predictions fell in the acceptable prediction zone when the temperature changes smoothly at temperature rates lower than 20 °C/min. Results obtained can be used in risk assessment models regarding contamination with Salmonella spp. in chicken parts with different fat contents.
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Santos PDM, Widmer KW, Rivera WL. PCR-based detection and serovar identification of Salmonella in retail meat collected from wet markets in Metro Manila, Philippines. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239457. [PMID: 32997676 PMCID: PMC7526908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to detect Salmonella from retail meat collected from nine wet markets in Metro Manila, and identify the subtypes of Salmonella isolates using molecular serotyping assays from previously developed primers. Of the 720 collected meat samples, 57.64% were found to be Salmonella-contaminated. The most predominant serogroup was Salmonella O:3, and Salmonella serogroups O:4, O:6,7, O:8, O:9, and undetermined serogroups were also found. Most frequently detected isolates in bovine meat were S. 3:e,h:1,6 (putative identity: S. Anatum) and S: 4:e,h:1,2 (putative identity: S. Saintpaul), in porcine meat was S. 3:e,h:1,6 (putative identity: S. Anatum), and S. 8:i:z6 (putative identity: S. Kentucky) was common in poultry products. This study also demonstrated retail meat samples were contaminated with multiple Salmonella serogroups and serovars. This is the first Philippine study that utilized PCR-based assays to characterize Salmonella isolates down to a serovar level and provides baseline information regarding Salmonella prevalence and serovar distribution in retail meat. Molecular serotyping performed in this study can be used as an alternative approach to traditional serotyping in surveillance of Salmonella in the Philippines since the latter is expensive, time-consuming, and requires skilled technicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Dianne M. Santos
- Pathogen-Host-Environment Interactions Research Laboratory, Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Kenneth W. Widmer
- International Environmental Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Windell L. Rivera
- Pathogen-Host-Environment Interactions Research Laboratory, Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
- * E-mail:
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Li Y, Yang Q, Cao C, Cui S, Wu Y, Yang H, Xiao Y, Yang B. Prevalence and characteristics of Salmonella isolates recovered from retail raw chickens in Shaanxi Province, China. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6031-6044. [PMID: 33142522 PMCID: PMC7647799 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of Salmonella in retail raw chickens in Shaanxi Province, China, on a monthly basis. In addition, we studied the antibiotic susceptibility, serotype, and genotype of Salmonella isolates and explored their relationships with sampling time, location, market type, and chicken type. The results showed that Salmonella was more prevalent in chickens sampled during the spring and summer than during the autumn and winter. Thirty-nine serotypes were identified from 406 Salmonella isolates, of which Salmonella typhimurium (16.7%) was the most prevalent. Other prevalent serotypes included S. thompson (12.8%), S. essen (9.1%), S. infantis (6.9%), S. rissen (5.7%), and S. enteritidis (5.4%). Approximately 71.4% of the 406 isolates were resistant to 3 or more antibiotics, 11.8% to 12 or more, and 1.7% to all 14 antibiotics tested. The most frequently detected resistance was to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (82.0%), followed by nalidixic acid (71.9%) and tetracycline (59.4%). The frequencies of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were moderately high (∼50% each). Resistance to kanamycin, ceftiofur, streptomycin, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin was less common (<40% each). Serotype distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella isolates were related to sampling time, location, chicken type, and market type. Isolates recovered from the same sampling time, market type, location, and chicken type commonly exhibited identical or similar genotypes and antibiotic resistance profiles. However, DNA profiles and antibiotic resistance phenotypes of isolates within some serotypes were diverse. Our results revealed that multiple Salmonella subtypes with antibiotic resistance were prevalent in retail raw chickens in Shaanxi Province. Our study findings provide information for developing preventive measures against contamination of retail foods with Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qiuping Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chenyang Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shenghui Cui
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Baowei Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Efficiency of phage cocktail to reduce Salmonella Typhimurium on chicken meat during low temperature storage. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Perin AP, Martins BTF, Barreiros MAB, Yamatogi RS, Nero LA, Dos Santos Bersot L. Occurrence, quantification, pulse types, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella sp. isolated from chicken meat in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:335-345. [PMID: 31782062 PMCID: PMC7058779 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to verify the occurrence, quantification, pulse types, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Salmonella sp. isolated from chicken meat produced and marketed in the state of Paraná, considered to be the state with the highest production of poultry meat in Brazil. Ninety-five of 300 (31.5%) frozen cuts of chicken were found to contain Salmonella sp., and 98 different isolates of Salmonella sp. were cultured from the positive samples. Quantification showed low Salmonella sp. loading, ranging from 0.12 to 6.4 MPN/g. The antimicrobial resistance test was performed against 16 agents from 6 different classes. All isolates were sensitive to meropenem, imipenem, chloramphenicol, and amikacin. The highest resistance rates were observed for nalidixic acid (95%), tetracycline (94%), doxycycline (94%), ampicillin (87%), amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (84%), ceftriaxone (79%), and ciprofloxacin (76%). A total of 84 (85.7%) of the isolates were identified with a multidrug resistant profile, 13 of which were found to have encoding genes extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), especially blaCTX-M-2 e blaTEM-1. The major serovars identified were S. Typhimurium (43%) and S. Heidelberg (39%). The third most isolated serovar was S. Ndolo (6%), without previous reports of its presence in poultry meat in Brazil. Molecular characterization of S. Typhimurium and S. Heidelberg isolates by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) showed a clonal relationship between all isolates of the same serovar (genetic similarity greater than 80%). Isolates of S. Typhimurium and S. Heidelberg with 100% similarity were found in up to five different geographic regions of the state, showing the potential for the spread of this pathogen in the Paraná poultry chain. Epidemiological surveys like this are important to understand the dynamics of dissemination and to monitor the prevalence of pathogens in the final products of poultry chains. In addition, to know the resistance profile of strains of Salmonella sp. present in food that contributes to the adoption of faster and more effective therapeutic measures, when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Perin
- Department of Veterinary Science, Palotina Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Palotina, Paraná, 85950-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Seiti Yamatogi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Luís Augusto Nero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Luciano Dos Santos Bersot
- Department of Veterinary Science, Palotina Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Palotina, Paraná, 85950-000, Brazil.
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Gadotti C, Forghani F, Diez-Gonzalez F. Evaluation of single and combined antimicrobial treatments to inhibit Salmonella in queso fresco. Food Microbiol 2020; 85:103286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.103286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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13
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Stress-induced adaptations in Salmonella: A ground for shaping its pathogenesis. Microbiol Res 2019; 229:126311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2019.126311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Sodagari HR, Mohammed AB, Wang P, O'Dea M, Abraham S, Robertson I, Habib I. Non-typhoidal Salmonella contamination in egg shells and contents from retail in Western Australia: Serovar diversity, multilocus sequence types, and phenotypic and genomic characterizations of antimicrobial resistance. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 308:108305. [PMID: 31476731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of human salmonellosis cases in Western Australia (WA) has increased more dramatically than in any other Australian state. In 2017, the number of cases in WA was more than double the five-year average, and eggs had emerged as the key culprit for several Salmonella foodborne disease outbreaks. To better understand such an epidemiologically intriguing situation, our research goal was to investigate the prevalence, serovar diversity, multilocus sequence types, and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella contamination in retail eggs produced and sold in WA. A total of 200 visually clean and intact retail egg samples (each containing a dozen eggs) were purchased for one year (2017-2018) from supermarkets in metropolitan Perth, the capital of WA. For each sample, the contents and shells of the 12 eggs were separately pooled and cultured according to standard methods. Overall, Salmonella was detected in 11.5% (23/200) of the tested egg samples. Salmonella was isolated from 4.5% (9/200) and 3% (6/200) of eggshells and egg contents, respectively. In 4% (8/200) of the samples, Salmonella was recovered from both eggshell and egg contents. Isolates from positive retail egg samples were serotyped as either S. Typhimurium (52.2% [12/23]) or S. Infantis (39.1% [9/23]). Both serotypes were concurrently recovered from two different retail egg samples. We retained a set of both S. Typhimurium (n = 29) and S. Infantis (n = 12) isolates from all Salmonella-positive retail packs (n = 23) for further characterization. Only two (S. Typhimurium) isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, of which one carried β-lactamase resistance gene blaTEM-1b. The remaining isolates (39/41) were susceptible to all 14 antimicrobials included in the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) testing panel. Multilocus sequence typing and serotyping were perfectly mirrored, as all S. Typhimurium isolates were characterized as sequence type (ST)-19, and all S. Infantis isolates were ST-32. This study points to the noteworthy Salmonella prevalence rate in retail egg samples in WA. Our results illustrate minimal public health risks arising from antimicrobial resistance Salmonella from Australian eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Sodagari
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Arkan Baraa Mohammed
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Penghao Wang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Mark O'Dea
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Sam Abraham
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Ian Robertson
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Ihab Habib
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia; Veterinary Medicine Department, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab of Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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15
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Ku S, Ximenes E, Kreke T, Foster K, Couetil JL, Zuponcic J, Zhao X, Hoagland L, Deering AJ, Ladisch MR. Microbial enrichment and multiplexed microfiltration for accelerated detection of Salmonella in spinach. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2874. [PMID: 31228331 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To attain Salmonella detection thresholds in spinach suspensions using enrichment media requires at least 24 hr. Separation and concentration of selected microorganisms via microfiltration and microfugation reduce time for sample preparation, especially when working with large volumes of vegetable suspensions. This facilitates accelerated detection of Salmonella in spinach suspensions, and may contribute to effectively monitoring this pathogen before it reaches the consumer. We report a microfiltration-based protocol for accelerated sample preparation to concentrate and recover ≤1 colony forming unit (CFU) Salmonella/g pathogen-free spinach. Store-bought samples of spinach and a spinach plant subjected to two environmental conditions (temperature and light exposure) during its production were tested. The overall procedure involves extraction with buffer, a short enrichment step, prefiltration using a nylon filter, crossflow hollow fiber microfiltration, and retentate centrifugation to bring microbial cells to detection levels. Based on 1 CFU Salmonella/g frozen spinach, and a Poisson distribution statistical analyses with 99% probability, we calculated that 3 hr of incubation, when followed by microfiltration, is sufficient to reach the 2 log concentration required for Salmonella detection within 7 hr. Longer enrichment times (5 hr or more) is needed for concentrations lower than 1 CFU Salmonella/g of ready to eat spinach. The recovered microbial cells were identified and confirmed as Salmonella using both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and plating methods. Different environmental conditions tested during production did not affect Salmonella viability; this demonstrated the broad adaptability of Salmonella and emphasized the need for methods that enable efficient monitoring of production for the presence of this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seockmo Ku
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Eduardo Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Thomas Kreke
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Kirk Foster
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Justin L Couetil
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jessica Zuponcic
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Lori Hoagland
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Amanda J Deering
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Michael R Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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16
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Bacteriophage control of Salmonella Typhimurium in milk. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 28:297-301. [PMID: 30815322 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0446-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of bacteriophage P22 on the inhibition of growth of Salmonella Typhimurium. The P22 belongs to Podoviridae family consisting of a hexagonal head and short tail. The inhibitory effect of phage in milk was noticeable at the early storage period, showing more than 3 log reduction at 4 h and day 3. The pH values of milk treated with P22 were significantly decreased from 6.7 to 6.3 after 24 h incubation at 37 °C, while no significant changes in pH values were observed for the control and bacteriophage treatment throughout the storage at 4 °C for 12 days. The slight color changes were observed in the control and bacteriophage treatment throughout the storage at 4 °C for 12 days and 37 °C for 24 h. These results provide useful information for enhancing microbiological safety and quality of milk and designing effective bacteriophage-based control in food system.
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17
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Stojanović-Radić Z, Pejčić M, Joković N, Jokanović M, Ivić M, Šojić B, Škaljac S, Stojanović P, Mihajilov-Krstev T. Inhibition of Salmonella Enteritidis growth and storage stability in chicken meat treated with basil and rosemary essential oils alone or in combination. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Xie Y, Zhang M, Gao X, Shao Y, Liu H, Jin J, Yang W, Zhang H. Development and antimicrobial application of plantaricin BM-1 incorporating a PVDC film on fresh pork meat during cold storage. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1108-1116. [PMID: 29742323 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to develop a plantaricin BM-1, a typical IIa bacteriocin produced by Lactocacillus plantarumBM-1, for active polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) films and to determine the antimicrobial effect of plantaricin BM-1 incorporated into a PVDC film on fresh pork during 7 days of storage at 4°C. METHODS AND RESULTS Plantaricin BM-1 solutions (20 480 AU ml-1 ) that absorbed into the PVDC film increased gradually and reached maximum volumes during exposure for up to 20 h. When soaked in water, the released amount of plantaricin BM-1 from the active PVDC film reached a maximum at 20 h. The plantaricin BM-1 active PVDC film had an obvious antilisterial effect in culture medium and fresh pork inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes. Furthermore, plantaricin BM-1-incorporated PVDC film was also significantly (P < 0·01) reduced to aerobic counts of approximately 1·5 log10 CFU per g after 7 days of storage at 4°C in pork meat, and the pH and total volatile basic nitrogen of pork meat were significantly (P < 0·01, P < 0·05) lower than those of the control. CONCLUSION Plantaricin BM-1 active film has an excellent effect to prolong the shelf life of pork meat during cold storage. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The results of this study suggest a potential application of bacteriocin active film on meat preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xie
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residue, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - M Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residue, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - X Gao
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residue, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Y Shao
- Institute of Agro-food Standards and Testing Technologies, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - H Liu
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residue, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - J Jin
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residue, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - W Yang
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residue, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - H Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residue, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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19
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Ricke SC, Dawoud TM, Kim SA, Park SH, Kwon YM. Salmonella Cold Stress Response: Mechanisms and Occurrence in Foods. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 104:1-38. [PMID: 30143250 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Since bacteria in foods often encounter various cold environments during food processing, such as chilling, cold chain distribution, and cold storage, lower temperatures can become a major stress environment for foodborne pathogens. Bacterial responses in stressful environments have been considered in the past, but now the importance of stress responses at the molecular level is becoming recognized. Documenting how bacterial changes occur at the molecular level may help to achieve the in-depth understanding of stress responses, to predict microbial fate when they encounter cold temperatures, and to design and develop more effective strategies to control pathogens in food for ensuring food safety. Microorganisms differ in responding to a sudden downshift in temperature and this, in turn, impacts their metabolic processes and can cause various structural modifications. In this review, the fundamental aspects of bacterial cold stress responses focused on cell membrane modification, DNA supercoiling modification, transcriptional and translational responses, cold-induced protein synthesis including CspA, CsdA, NusA, DnaA, RecA, RbfA, PNPase, KsgA, SrmB, trigger factors, and initiation factors are discussed. In this context, specific Salmonella responses to cold temperature including growth, injury, and survival and their physiological and genetic responses to cold environments with a focus on cross-protection, different gene expression levels, and virulence factors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Ricke
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States.
| | - Turki M Dawoud
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Sun Ae Kim
- Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Si Hong Park
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Young Min Kwon
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States; Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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20
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Wang S, Weller D, Falardeau J, Strawn LK, Mardones FO, Adell AD, Moreno Switt AI. Food safety trends: From globalization of whole genome sequencing to application of new tools to prevent foodborne diseases. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Rodriguez JM, Rondón IS, Verjan N. Serotypes of Salmonella in Broiler Carcasses Marketed at Ibague, Colombia. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-635x1704545-552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JM Rodriguez
- University of Tolima, Colombia; University of Tolima, Colombia
| | - IS Rondón
- University of Tolima, Colombia; University of Tolima, Colombia
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