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Song Y, Tang W, Han L, Liu Y, Shen C, Yin X, Ouyang B, Su Y, Guo X. Integration of nanomaterial sensing layers on printable organic field effect transistors for highly sensitive and stable biochemical signal conversion. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:5537-5559. [PMID: 36880412 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05863d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic field effect transistor (OFET) devices are one of the most popular candidates for the development of biochemical sensors due to their merits of being flexible and highly customizable for low-cost large-area manufacturing. This review describes the key points in constructing an extended-gate type OFET (EGOFET) biochemical sensor with high sensitivity and stability. The structure and working mechanism of OFET biochemical sensors are described firstly, emphasizing the importance of critical material and device engineering to higher biochemical sensing capabilities. Next, printable materials used to construct sensing electrodes (SEs) with high sensitivity and stability are presented with a focus on novel nanomaterials. Then, methods of obtaining printable OFET devices with steep subthreshold swing (SS) for high transconductance efficiency are introduced. Finally, approaches for the integration of OFETs and SEs to form portable biochemical sensor chips are introduced, followed by several demonstrations of sensory systems. This review will provide guidelines for optimizing the design and manufacturing of OFET biochemical sensors and accelerating the movement of OFET biochemical sensors from the laboratory to the marketplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Song
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Lei Han
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Chaochao Shen
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xiaokuan Yin
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Bang Ouyang
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yuezeng Su
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xiaojun Guo
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Urbanowicz M, Sadowska K, Lemieszek B, Paziewska-Nowak A, Sołdatowska A, Dawgul M, Pijanowska DG. Effect of dendrimer-based interlayers for enzyme immobilization on a model electrochemical sensing system for glutamate. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 152:108407. [PMID: 36917883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss dendrimer usage in enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors, particularly with respect to biomolecule loading on the sensing surface. A novel approach to design bioactive layers with immobilized enzymes for electrochemical biosensors using the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method in combination with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was presented. The gold surface was modified with linear linkers (various mercaptoalkanoic acids and aminoalkanethiols) and poly(amidoamine) dendrimers from the first- to fifth-generation. The best functionalization procedure was established by detailed SPR studies and transferred onto gold electrodes to electrochemically examine the model enzymatic reaction catalysed by glutamate oxidase. In the case of the chronoamperometric method, the determined sensitivity was 3.36 ± 0.08 μA∙mM-1, and the low limit of detection (LOD) was 1.52 μM. Comparing the sensitivity and LOD obtained for CV measurements, the values of these parameters were 2.5 times higher and 4 times lower, respectively, for the fourth-generation dendrimer-based biosensor and the biosensor with a linear linker. The positive impact of the dendrimer interlayer on the long-term enzyme activity was also confirmed. The research results indicate the possibility of a significant increase in the sensor response using the dendrimer itself without enriching it with electrochemical components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Urbanowicz
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamila Sadowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Lemieszek
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Paziewska-Nowak
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sołdatowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Dawgul
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota G Pijanowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
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Bulut U, Öykü Sayın V, Altin Y, Can Cevher Ş, Cirpan A, Celik Bedeloglu A, Soylemez S. A Flexible Carbon Nanofiber and Conjugated Polymer-Based Electrode for Glucose Sensing. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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A review on structural aspects and applications of PAMAM dendrimers in analytical chemistry: Frontiers from separation sciences to chemical sensor technologies. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Effect of thiophene, 3-hexylthiophene, selenophene, and Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene spacers on OPV device performance of novel 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole based alternating copolymers. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bodur OC, Hasanoğlu Özkan E, Çolak Ö, Arslan H, Sarı N, Dişli A, Arslan F. Preparation of acetylcholine biosensor for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Selenophene-bearing low-band-gap conjugated polymers: tuning optoelectronic properties via fluorene and carbazole as donor moieties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The Advances in Biomedical Applications of Carbon Nanotubes. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/c5020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Unique chemical, physical, and biological features of carbon nanotubes make them an ideal candidate for myriad applications in industry and biomedicine. Carbon nanotubes have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, high biocompatibility, flexibility, resistance to corrosion, nano-size, and a high surface area, which can be tailored and functionalized on demand. This review discusses the progress and main fields of bio-medical applications of carbon nanotubes based on recently-published reports. It encompasses the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and their application for bio-sensing, cancer treatment, hyperthermia induction, antibacterial therapy, and tissue engineering. Other areas of carbon nanotube applications were out of the scope of this review. Special attention has been paid to the problem of the toxicity of carbon nanotubes.
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Facile one-step fabrication of glucose oxidase loaded polymeric nanoparticles decorating MWCNTs for constructing glucose biosensing platform: Structure matters. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 135:153-159. [PMID: 31005767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel and robust enzymatic biosensing platform with high sensitivity is developed based on facile one-step assembled bio-nanocomposites with enzymes-loaded polymeric nanoparticles decorating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). An amphiphilic copolymer PAVE containing photo-cross-linkable coumarin segments and carboxylic groups was co-assembled with MWCNTs in aqueous solution while encapsulating the model enzyme namely glucose oxidase (GOx) simultaneously, generating necklace-like bio-nanocomposites (GOx@PAVE-CNTs) with GOx-loading polymeric nanoparticles as nanobeads and MWCNTs as conducting micron-string. Then the GOx@PAVE-CNTs bio-nanocomposites were electro-deposited onto electrode surface and a robust biosensing complex film with porous network structure was formed after following photo-cross-linking. Consequently, an enzymatic glucose biosensor was successfully constructed. The biosensor exhibited ultrafast response (<3 s) to glucose with a considerably wide linear range (1.0 μM ∼ 5 mM) and a low detection limit (0.36 μM) for glucose detection. High sensitivity and selectivity of the biosensor toward glucose were also well demonstrated. Furthermore, the biosensor showed exceptionally good stability and reproducibility. More importantly, the glucose biosensor was practically used for glucose detection from human urine and serum samples with satisfactory results. As a proof-of-concept strategy, this facile and effective strategy for biosensor fabrication is of considerable interest because of its versatility to be generalized to many other enzymatic biosensor systems, exhibiting promising and practical potential in bio-medical and life health applications.
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Buber E, Soylemez S, Udum YA, Toppare L. Fabrication of a promising immobilization platform based on electrochemical synthesis of a conjugated polymer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 167:392-396. [PMID: 29702470 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Since conjugated polymers are an important class of materials with remarkable properties in biosensor applications, in this study, a novel glucose biosensor based on a conjugated polymer was fabricated via the electropolymerization of the monomer 10,13-bis(4-hexylthiophen-2-yl)dipyridol[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine onto a graphite electrode surface. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was used as the model biological recognition element. As a result of the enzymatic reaction between GOx and glucose, the glucose amount was determined by monitoring the change in the oxygen level associated with substrate concentration via the amperometric detection technique. The proposed system possessed superior properties with KMapp value of 0.262 mM, 2.88 × 10-3 mM limit of detection and 105.12 μA mM-1 cm-2 sensitivity. These results show that conjugated polymer film provides an effective and stable immobilization matrix for the enzyme. Finally, the biosensor was applied successfully to several commercially available beverage samples for glucose determination proving an inexpensive and highly sensitive system applicable for real time analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Buber
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Saniye Soylemez
- Department of Chemistry, Ordu University, Ordu 52200, Turkey.
| | - Yasemin A Udum
- Technical Sciences Vocational School, Gazi University, Ankara 06374, Turkey
| | - Levent Toppare
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; The Center for Solar Energy Research and Application (GUNAM), Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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Amperometric glucose sensing with polyaniline/poly(acrylic acid) composite film bearing glucose oxidase and catalase based on competitive oxygen consumption reactions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Adams S, Buber E, Bicak T, Yagci Y, Toppare L, Kaynak A, Kouzani A. A miniature and low-cost glucose measurement system. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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