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Mohd Abdah MAA, Mohammad Azlan FN, Wong WP, Mustafa MN, Walvekar R, Khalid M. Microwave-assisted upcycling of plastic waste to high-performance carbon anode for lithium-ion batteries. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140973. [PMID: 38122940 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has emphasized the need for affordable and sustainable materials, prompting the exploration of waste upcycling to address global sustainability challenges. In this study, we efficiently converted polypropylene (PP) plastic waste from used centrifuge tubes into activated polypropylene carbon (APC) using microwave-assisted pyrolysis. The synthesis of APC was optimized using response surface methodology/central composite design (RSM/CCD). Based on the RSM results, the optimal conditions for PP plastic conversion into carbon were determined as follows: HNO3 concentration of 3.5 M, microwave temperature of 230 °C, and holding time of 25 min. Under these conditions, the obtained intensity ratio of Id/Ig in PP carbon was 0.681 ± 0.013, with an error of 6.81 ± 0.013 % between predicted and actual values. The physicochemical studies, including FESEM-EDX, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, confirmed the successful synthesis of APC samples. The APC 800 material exhibited a well-organized three-dimensional structure characterized by large pores and mesopores, enabling fast ion transport in the electrode. As a result, the APC 800 electrode demonstrated an initial discharge capacity of 381.0 mAh/g, an improved initial coulombic efficiency of 85.1%, and excellent cycling stability after 100 cycles. Notably, the APC 800 electrode displayed remarkable rate performance, showing a reversible capacity of 355.1 mAh/g when the current density was reset to 0.2 A/g, highlighting its high electrochemical reversibility. The outstanding characteristics of APC 800 as an anode electrode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries suggest a promising future for its application in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amirul Aizat Mohd Abdah
- Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology (SCEEST), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5 Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fathihah Nabila Mohammad Azlan
- Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology (SCEEST), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5 Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Weng Pin Wong
- Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology (SCEEST), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5 Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Norhaffis Mustafa
- Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology (SCEEST), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5 Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rashmi Walvekar
- Faculty of Innovation and Technology, School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Programme, No.1 Jalan Taylor's, Taylor's University Malaysia, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Liveable Urban Communities Impact Lab, No.1 Jalan Taylor's, Taylor's University Malaysia, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology (SCEEST), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5 Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India.
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Mahalingam S, Manap A, Lau K, Omar A, Chelvanathan P, Chia C, Amin N, Mathews I, Afandi N, Rahim N. Mixture deposition method for graphene quantum dots-based dye-sensitized solar cell. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jeong WL, Jang J, Kim J, Joo SK, Park MD, Kwak HM, Baik J, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Lee DS. Improving Ultraviolet Responses in Cu 2ZnSn(S,Se) 4 Thin-Film Solar Cells Using Quantum Dot-Based Luminescent Down-Shifting Layer. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051166. [PMID: 33946918 PMCID: PMC8145200 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dot (QD)-based luminescent down-shifting (LDS) layers were deposited on Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells via the drop-casting method. The LDS layers can easily widen the narrow absorption wavelength regions of single-junction solar cells and enable improvement of the short-circuit current. The optical properties of LDS layers deposited on glass and containing different QD contents were analyzed based on their transmittance, reflectance, and absorbance. The absorber films to be used in the CZTSSe solar cells were determined by X-ray diffraction measurements and Raman spectroscopy to determine their crystal structures and secondary phases, respectively. The completed CZTSSe solar cells with LDS layers showed increased ultraviolet responses of up to 25% because of wavelength conversion by the QDs. In addition, the impact of the capping layer, which was formed to protect the QDs from oxygen and moisture, on the solar cell performance was analyzed. Thus, a maximal conversion efficiency of 7.3% was achieved with the 1.0 mL QD condition; furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that LDS layers have been experimentally demonstrated for CZTSSe solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Lim Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Junsung Jang
- Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of Materials Science and Engieering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Jihun Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.K.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Soo-Kyung Joo
- College of Basic and General Education, Dongshin University, 67 Dongshinedae-gil, Naju-si 58246, Jeollanam-do, Korea;
| | - Mun-Do Park
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Hoe-Min Kwak
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Jaeyoung Baik
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Hyeong-Jin Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.K.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Jin Hyeok Kim
- Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of Materials Science and Engieering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.H.K.); (D.-S.L.)
| | - Dong-Seon Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.K.); (D.-S.L.)
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TiO2-Graphene Quantum Dots Nanocomposites for Photocatalysis in Energy and Biomedical Applications. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11030319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of current research in material science has shifted from “less efficient” single-component nanomaterials to the superior-performance, next-generation, multifunctional nanocomposites. TiO2 is a widely used benchmark photocatalyst with unique physicochemical properties. However, the large bandgap and massive recombination of photogenerated charge carriers limit its overall photocatalytic efficiency. When TiO2 nanoparticles are modified with graphene quantum dots (GQDs), some significant improvements can be achieved in terms of (i) broadening the light absorption wavelengths, (ii) design of active reaction sites, and (iii) control of the electron-hole (e−-h+) recombination. Accordingly, TiO2-GQDs nanocomposites exhibit promising multifunctionalities in a wide range of fields including, but not limited to, energy, biomedical aids, electronics, and flexible wearable sensors. This review presents some important aspects of TiO2-GQDs nanocomposites as photocatalysts in energy and biomedical applications. These include: (1) structural formulations and synthesis methods of TiO2-GQDs nanocomposites; (2) discourse about the mechanism behind the overall higher photoactivities of these nanocomposites; (3) various characterization techniques which can be used to judge the photocatalytic performance of these nanocomposites, and (4) the application of these nanocomposites in biomedical and energy conversion devices. Although some objectives have been achieved, new challenges still exist and hinder the widespread application of these nanocomposites. These challenges are briefly discussed in the Future Scope section of this review.
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Muchuweni E, Martincigh BS, Nyamori VO. Recent advances in graphene-based materials for dye-sensitized solar cell fabrication. RSC Adv 2020; 10:44453-44469. [PMID: 35517133 PMCID: PMC9058590 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08851j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have received considerable research attention, as potential alternatives to the commonly used, but expensive, silicon-based solar cells owing to the low-cost, facile fabrication procedures, less impact on the environment, capability of working even under low incoming light levels, and flexibility of DSSCs. However, the relatively low power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and poor long-term operational stability of DSSCs still limit their large-scale and commercial applications. As a consequence, this has prompted tremendous research effort towards the realization of high performance and sustainable devices, through tailoring of the properties of the various DSSC components, via approaches such as introducing novel materials and new synthesis techniques. Among these, the application of novel materials, especially carbon-based materials, such as graphene and its derivatives, is more appealing due to their excellent optoelectronic, mechanical, thermal and chemical properties, which give them ample potential to replace or modify the traditional materials that are commonly used in the fabrication of the various DSSC components. In addition, the low-cost, abundance, non-toxicity, large specific surface area, flexibility and superior stability of graphene-based materials have enabled their recent use as photoanodes, i.e., transparent conducting electrodes, semiconducting layers and dye-sensitizers, electrolytes and counter electrodes in DSSCs. Recently, the introduction of graphene-based materials into DSSCs resulted in a pronounced increase in PCE from ∼0.13 to above 12.00%. Thus, employing the recent breakthroughs can further improve the optoelectronic properties of the various DSSC components and, hence, close the gap between DSSCs and their silicon-based counterparts that are currently exhibiting desirable PCEs of above 26%. Therefore, this review focuses on the recent applications of graphene-based materials as photoanodes, electrolytes and counter electrodes, for the possible fabrication of all-carbon-based DSSCs. The limitations, merits and future prospects of graphene-based DSSCs are discussed, so as to improve their photovoltaic performance, sustainability and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edigar Muchuweni
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Bice S Martincigh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Vincent O Nyamori
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
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