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Bell S, Nasr A, McPhee J. General Muscle Torque Generator Model for a Two Degree-of-Freedom Shoulder Joint. J Biomech Eng 2024; 146:081008. [PMID: 38470378 DOI: 10.1115/1.4065044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Muscle torque generators (MTGs) have been developed as an alternative to muscle-force models, reducing the muscle-force model complexity to a single torque at the joint. Current MTGs can only be applied to single Degree-of-freedom (DoF) joints, leading to complications in modeling joints with multiple-DoFs such as the shoulder. This study aimed to develop an MTG model that accounts for the coupling between 2-DoF at the shoulder joint: shoulder plane of elevation (horizontal abduction/adduction) and shoulder elevation (flexion/extension). Three different 2-DoF MTG equations were developed to model the coupling between these two movements. Net joint torques at the shoulder were determined for 20 participants (10 females and 10 males) in isometric, isokinetic, and passive tests. Curve and surface polynomial fitting were used to find the best general fit for the experimental data in terms of the different degrees of coupling. The models were validated against experimental isokinetic torque data. It was determined that implicit coupling that used interpolation between single-DoF MTGs resulted in the lowest root-mean-square percent error of 8.5%. The work demonstrated that general MTG models can predict torque results that are dependent on multiple-DoFs of the shoulder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Bell
- Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- University of Waterloo
| | - Ali Nasr
- Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - John McPhee
- Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Lang AE, Chorneyko A, Heinrichs V. Comparing and characterizing scapular muscle activation ratios in males and females during execution of common functional movements. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17728. [PMID: 39035170 PMCID: PMC11260415 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The shoulder complex relies on scapular movement controlled by periscapular muscles for optimal arm function. However, minimal research has explored scapular muscle activation ratios during functional tasks, nor how they might be influenced by biological sex. This investigation aims to characterize how sex impacts scapular muscle activation ratios during functional tasks. Methods Twenty participants (ten females, ten males) were assessed with surface electromyography (EMG) and motion tracking during seven functional tasks. Activation ratios were calculated from normalized EMG for the three trapezius muscles and serratus anterior. Scapular angles were calculated using a YXZ Euler sequence. Two-way mixed methods ANOVAs (p < .05) were used to assess the effects of sex and humeral elevation level on ratios and angles. Results Sex-based differences were present in the Tie Apron task, with males exhibiting higher upper trapezius/lower trapezius and upper trapezius/middle trapezius ratios than females. Males also demonstrated decreased internal rotation in this task. Other tasks showcased significant sex-based differences in scapular upward rotation but not in activation ratios. Humeral elevation generally demonstrated an inverse relationship with scapular muscle activation ratios. Conclusions This study highlights sex-based differences in scapular muscle activation ratios during specific functional tasks, emphasizing the need to consider sex in analyses of shoulder movements. Normative activation ratios for functional tasks were provided, offering a foundation for future comparisons with non-normative groups. Further research is warranted to confirm and explore additional influencing factors, advancing our understanding of shoulder activation and movement in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica E. Lang
- Canadian Centre for Rural and Agricultural Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Annaka Chorneyko
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Vivian Heinrichs
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Gu Q, Pan L, Yu L, Jiang Q. Effect of scapular posterior tilting exercise on scapular muscle activities in men and women with a rounded shoulder posture. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:383. [PMID: 38943153 PMCID: PMC11214228 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04810-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Round-shoulder posture (RSP) is a common postural condition, characterized by protraction, downward rotation, anterior tilting and internal rotation of the scapula. RSP can lead to shoulder dysfunction. Different methods have been proposed for rehabilitating and correcting the altered posture in RSP including stretching, strengthening exercises, and shoulder brace or taping. However, the findings are controversial and studies are ongoing to develop more effective method. The present study is aimed at investigating the effects of scapular posterior tilting (SPT) exercise in different support positions on scapular muscle activities in men and women with RSP. In a prospective observational clinical study, we assessed demographic, basic clinical parameters and study variables of the subjects with RSP (n = 20) (men/women = 9/11) attending Daegu University in Gyeongsan, South Korea. To do so, we compared electromyographic (EMG) activities of lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles between men and women with RSP during SPT exercise on four different support surfaces to determine any difference in the EMG activities. The results revealed that women showed significant differences in EMG activities in the lower and left upper trapezius and serratus anterior muscles, while men showed significant differences in EMG activity only in the lower trapezius muscle during SPT exercise on four different surfaces (P < 0.05). The post-hoc analysis revealed significantly greater EMG activity values in the lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles during SPT exercise on the upper body unstable surface and whole-body unstable surface (p < 0.05). Independent t-tests after the Bonferroni correction showed no significant differences in muscle activities between men and women on the four different surfaces (p > 0.0125).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 20. Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Longlu Pan
- The Rehabilitation Department of Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Rehabilitation Department of Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Nantong, 226011, China
| | - Lijun Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Outpatient Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 20. Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Renda E, Lamanuzzi S, Dal Maso F, Côté JN. The effects of hand dominance, fatigue, and sex on muscle activation during a repetitive overhead fatiguing task. Hum Mov Sci 2023; 92:103149. [PMID: 37741198 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2023.103149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the dominant arm is generally stronger and more resistant to fatigue. However, whether there are side differences in shoulder muscle activation during a fatiguing upper limb task, and whether this varies according to sex, is unknown. Thirty right-handed adults (15 females) were recruited to complete two sessions of an overhead repetitive fatiguing task (shoulder flexion between 90 and 135° at 1 Hz), performed in two separate sessions with their dominant arm (DA) and non-dominant arm (NDA) until exhaustion. Electromyographic (EMG) data was collected from 11 shoulder muscles of the moving arm, and their activation amplitude (RMS) and activation variability (SD) were assessed. Results show that time to exhaustion was not affected by arm or by sex. There were some main arm effects on EMG activity amplitude, with higher activity on the DA's pectoralis major (p < 0.001), and on the NDA's middle (p = 0.009) and posterior deltoid (p = 0.001) and infraspinatus (p < 0.001). The pectoralis major was affected by arm and fatigue mostly in males. Their DA's pectoralis major activity amplitude was higher, and the amplitude variability was lower, compared to the NDA, with both parameters showing fatigue-dependent decreases at the NDA only (arm x sex x fatigue: RMS: p = 0.007; SD: p = 0.001). As for females, the DA variability of their lower trapezius was smaller, and that of their subscapularis was higher, compared to the NDA (sex x arm, p = 0.028, p = 0.05). There was also more EMG variability on the supraspinatus' dominant side, and on the posterior deltoid and infraspinatus ND side. Results show an overhead shoulder flexion task dependency on pectoralis major control in males, and on lower trapezius and shoulder girdle stabilizers in females, which could be related to both sex- and gender-based factors. This knowledge can help identify side-specific injury risk factors due to overhead work in males and females, and help determine the appropriateness of implementing sex-specific workplace protocols, including alternating arms as fatigue compensatory and recovery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Renda
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1S4, Canada; Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics Laboratory, Michael Feil and Ted Oberfeld/CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec H7V 1R2, Canada.
| | - Samuel Lamanuzzi
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1S4, Canada; Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics Laboratory, Michael Feil and Ted Oberfeld/CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec H7V 1R2, Canada
| | - Fabien Dal Maso
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Julie N Côté
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1S4, Canada; Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics Laboratory, Michael Feil and Ted Oberfeld/CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec H7V 1R2, Canada
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5
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Zhao D, Ma Y, Meng J, Hu Y, Hong M, Zhang J, Zuo G, Lv X, Liu Y, Shi C. MCR-ALS-based muscle synergy extraction method combined with LSTM neural network for motion intention detection. Front Neurorobot 2023; 17:1174710. [PMID: 37334170 PMCID: PMC10272774 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2023.1174710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The time-varying and individual variability of surface electromyographic signals (sEMG) can lead to poorer motor intention detection results from different subjects and longer temporal intervals between training and testing datasets. The consistency of using muscle synergy between the same tasks may be beneficial to improve the detection accuracy over long time ranges. However, the conventional muscle synergy extraction methods, such as non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and principal component analysis (PCA) have some limitations in the field of motor intention detection, especially in the continuous estimation of upper limb joint angles. Methods In this study, we proposed a reliable multivariate curve-resolved-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) muscle synergy extraction method combined with long-short term memory neural network (LSTM) to estimate continuous elbow joint motion by using the sEMG datasets from different subjects and different days. The pre-processed sEMG signals were then decomposed into muscle synergies by MCR-ALS, NMF and PCA methods, and the decomposed muscle activation matrices were used as sEMG features. The sEMG features and elbow joint angular signals were input to LSTM to establish a neural network model. Finally, the established neural network models were tested by using sEMG dataset from different subjects and different days, and the detection accuracy was measured by correlation coefficient. Results The detection accuracy of elbow joint angle was more than 85% by using the proposed method. This result was significantly higher than the detection accuracies obtained by using NMF and PCA methods. The results showed that the proposed method can improve the accuracy of motor intention detection results from different subjects and different acquisition timepoints. Discussion This study successfully improves the robustness of sEMG signals in neural network applications using an innovative muscle synergy extraction method. It contributes to the application of human physiological signals in human-machine interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazheng Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | - Yehao Ma
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo, China
- School of Robotics, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China
| | - Jingyan Meng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | | | - Jiaji Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | - Guokun Zuo
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Ningbo Ninth Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changcheng Shi
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo, China
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6
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Zancanaro LL, Cid MM, Côté JN, Oliveira AB. Sex differences in torque steadiness, accuracy and activation of the shoulder girdle muscles during isometric shoulder scaption. J Biomech 2023; 155:111638. [PMID: 37216896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Females present more neck/shoulder musculoskeletal disorders and have different activation strategies of the shoulder girdle muscles than males. However, the sensorimotor performance and potential sex differences are still largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in torque steadiness and accuracy during isometric shoulder scaption. We also examined the amplitude and variability of the activation of the trapezius, serratus anterior (SA), and anterior deltoid muscles during torque output evaluation. Thirty-four asymptomatic adults (17 females) participated. Torque steadiness and accuracy were evaluated during submaximal contractions at 20 % and 35 % of peak torque (PT). There was no sex difference in torque coefficient of variation, but females had significantly lower torque standard deviation (SD) values than males at the two intensities evaluated (p < 0.001) and lower torque median frequency values compared to males, regardless of intensity (p < 0.01). Females had significantly lower absolute error values than males for torque output at 35 %PT (p < 0.01) and lower constant error values compared to males, regardless of intensity (p = 0.01). Females had significantly higher muscle amplitude values than males, except for SA (p = 0.10) and in general, females showed higher muscle activation SD values compared to males (p < 0.05). Females may require more complex muscle activation patterns to achieve a more stable and accurate torque output. Therefore, these sex differences may reflect control mechanisms that may also be at play when explaining the greater risk of neck/shoulder musculoskeletal disorders in females than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Leonardo Zancanaro
- Laboratory of Clinical and Occupational Kinesiology (LACO), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Machado Cid
- Laboratory of Clinical and Occupational Kinesiology (LACO), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julie N Côté
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1S4, Canada
| | - Ana Beatriz Oliveira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Occupational Kinesiology (LACO), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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7
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Garcia JF, Herrera C, Maciukiewicz JM, Anderson RE, Ribeiro DC, Dickerson CR. Variation of muscle recruitment during exercises performed below horizontal arm elevation that target the lower trapezius: A repeated measures cross-sectional study on asymptomatic individuals. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2023; 70:102777. [PMID: 37159974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2023.102777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The gold standard exercise for recruitment of the lower trapezius is the Y prone exercise which is performed above 90° of shoulder elevation. However, clinicians often prescribe exercises that avoid high elevation postures during early stages of rehabilitation. Comparatively little data exists on relative muscle recruitment during lower arm elevation exercises. This study examined the EMG activity of four shoulder girdle muscles during four exercises accomplished below 90° of shoulder elevation and compared them to the Y prone while considering sex effects. Variance across exercises of the ratio between upper trapezius and lower trapezius was also explored. 32 healthy participants completed standardized muscle-specific MVCs and two repetitions of each exercise. The side lying external rotation and the wall slide exercises produced the highest peak EMG for the lower trapezius, both 33 and 29% lower than the Y Prone. For the upper trapezius to lower trapezius ratio, the side lying external rotation elicited the lowest value, followed by the Y prone and wall slide (53 and 59% respectively higher). Sex influenced some EMG values, typically interacting with exercise type. Thus, side lying external rotation and the wall slide are recommended for targeting the lower trapezius muscle during early rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan F Garcia
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Cristina Herrera
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Reagan E Anderson
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel C Ribeiro
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Clark R Dickerson
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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Lulic-Kuryllo T, Greig Inglis J. Sex differences in motor unit behaviour: A review. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2022; 66:102689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2022.102689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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9
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Yang C, Côté JN. Sex-specific effects of localized muscle fatigue on upper body kinematics during a repetitive pointing task. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:613. [PMID: 35761276 PMCID: PMC9235216 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05566-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Females are reported to have a higher risk of musculoskeletal disorders than males. Repetitive motions can lead to muscle fatigue, which may play a mediator role in the development of musculoskeletal disorders. However, sex differences in adaptations to localized fatigue at different joints are poorly understood. We examined the sex-specific effects of fatigue location on shoulder, elbow and spinal joint angles, and angular variabilities during a repetitive pointing task. Methods Seven males and ten females performed a 30-s standing repetitive pointing task with their right upper limb when they were non-fatigued (NF), elbow-fatigued (EF), shoulder-fatigued (SF) and trunk-fatigued (TF), while trunk and upper body tridimensional kinematic data was recorded. Joint angles and angular variabilities of shoulder, elbow, upper thoracic spine, lower thoracic spine, and lumbar spine were calculated. Results Results showed that shoulder angles changed the most after EF in males, but after SF in females. The similarities between sexes were that SF increased the variabilities at upper (lateral flexion: 0.15° greater than NF, rotation: 0.26° greater than all other conditions) and lower thoracic spine (lateral flexion: 0.13° greater than NF, rotation: averagely 0.1° greater than all other condition) in both sexes. TF altered upper thoracic spine variability (0.36° smaller than SF), lower thoracic spine angle (lateral flexion: 3.00° greater than NF, rotation: 1.68° greater than SF), and lumbar angle (averagely 1.8° smaller than all other conditions) in both sexes. However, females had greater lower thoracic spine angle (lateral flexion: 8.3° greater, p = 0.005) as well as greater upper (rotation: 0.53° greater, p = 0.006) and lower thoracic spine (rotation: 0.5° greater, p = 0.007; flexion: 0.6° greater, p = 0.014) angular variabilities than males. Conclusions Results suggest that females’ fatigue responses focused on the trunk and spine. Results highlight a few sex differences in adapting to localized muscle fatigue, which may help explain how sex differences in repetitive motion-related injuries differ between joints.
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10
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Is Scapular Dyskinesis effective on Shoulder Strength Profiles in Asymptomatic Young Swimmers? JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.1071136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Bouffard J, Weber Z, Pearsall L, Emery K, Côté JN. Similar effects of fatigue induced by a repetitive pointing task on local and remote light touch and pain perception in men and women. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244321. [PMID: 33338075 PMCID: PMC7748284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Women involved in repetitive, fatiguing, jobs develop more neck and/or shoulder musculoskeletal disorders than men. Sex differences in the pain response to exercise could contribute to the higher prevalence of neck/shoulder musculoskeletal disorders in women. The objective of this study was to assess sex differences in pain sensitivity following a fatiguing upper limb task. Relationships between measures of fatigue and of the sensitivity to nociceptive and to non-nociceptive stimulations were also explored. Methods Thirty healthy adults (15 women) performed a fatiguing repetitive pointing task with their dominant arm. Upper limb electromyography was recorded from the dominant upper trapezius, anterior deltoid and bicep brachii and from the contralateral tibialis anterior. Before and immediately after the repetitive pointing task, pressure pain and light touch sensitivity thresholds were measured over the same muscles. Results Electromyographic signs of fatigue were observed only in the anterior deltoid and biceps brachii muscles. Pressure pain thresholds over both muscles increased slightly (effect size ≤ 0.34), but no changes occurred over the upper trapezius and the tibialis anterior. Light touch thresholds increased moderately to importantly after the repetitive pointing task over all four muscles (effect sizes = 0.58 to 0.87). No sex differences were observed in any sensory variable. Moreover, no or weak correlations (r = -0.27 to 0.39) were observed between electromyographical signs of fatigue, light touch threshold and pressure pain threshold variables. Conclusions We observed sex-independent effects of a repetitive upper limb task on the sensitivity to painful and to nonpainful stimuli. Moreover, the hypoalgesia induced by the repetitive pointing task was weak and localized, and did not directly correlate with the induced muscle fatigue. Results suggest that fatigue-related changes in the sensitivity to noxious and innocuous stimuli could not explain women’s greater prevalence of neck/shoulder musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Bouffard
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics Laboratory, Michael Feil and Ted Oberfeld/CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Zachary Weber
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics Laboratory, Michael Feil and Ted Oberfeld/CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lyndsey Pearsall
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics Laboratory, Michael Feil and Ted Oberfeld/CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kim Emery
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics Laboratory, Michael Feil and Ted Oberfeld/CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie N. Côté
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics Laboratory, Michael Feil and Ted Oberfeld/CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec, Canada
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Is sex a proxy for mechanical variables during an upper limb repetitive movement task? An investigation of the effects of sex and of anthropometric load on muscle fatigue. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:60. [PMID: 33126920 PMCID: PMC7596960 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women report more work-related pain and neck/shoulder musculoskeletal disorders than men. For the same absolute workload, due to lower strength, females generally work at a higher relative intensity, which could induce more fatigue. However, the arm's anthropometric load (AL) of men is higher. Therefore, simply lifting their arm could be more fatiguing. Sex as a variable is formed of many constructs, and analyses can become muddied by their differing responses to fatigue. No studies have considered AL, when comparing how fatigue affects men and women. The purpose was to determine if including the arm's AL in the statistical analysis would impact findings of sex-specific effects of shoulder fatigue on muscle EMG. METHODS Fifty-five (29m/26f) participants completed a repetitive pointing task (RPT) at shoulder height until they reported fatigue of 8+ on the BORG CR-10 scale. Muscle activities were measured using surface electrodes placed over the anterior deltoid (AD) and upper trapezius (UT) muscles. Muscle activity amplitude was quantified using root mean square (RMS). First- and last-minute data were used to assess change from no-fatigue (NF) to fatigue-terminal (FT) conditions. AL was calculated using sex-specific body parameter equations. General estimating equations (GEE) were used to determine the effects of sex and fatigue on RMS values, while including AL in the GEE. RESULTS There was no sex difference in time to reach fatigue. A significant main effect of sex on RMS was observed (χ2(1) = 4.17, p = 0.04) when including AL as a covariate. Females displayed a significantly higher percentage change in AD RMS from NF to FT, compared to males (p = 0.03), when AL was included in the GEE. No sex differences in UT were observed. CONCLUSIONS This sex difference emerged when AL was included as a covariate, suggesting that sex-associated anthropometric differences may contribute to sex differences in the fatigue response. Differences in the impact of AL on AD compared to UT could be explained by differences in their respective mechanical roles or muscle fiber content. Anthropometrics may be useful to include as covariates in future research to separate individual anthropometric differences from sex differences.
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Luger T, Seibt R, Rieger MA, Steinhilber B. Sex differences in muscle activity and motor variability in response to a non-fatiguing repetitive screwing task. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:6. [PMID: 31992365 PMCID: PMC6988371 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-0282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal disorders are more prevalent among women than among men, which may be explained by aspects of motor control, including neuromuscular requirements and motor variability. Using an exploratory approach, this study aimed to evaluate sex differences in neuromuscular responses and motor variability during a repetitive task performed on 3 days. Methods Thirty women and 27 men performed the non-fatiguing, repetitive, 1-h screwing task. For neuromuscular responses, the mean and difference values of static, median, and peak percentile muscle activity levels (normalized to a reference voluntary contraction force) and, for motor variability, the mean and difference values of relative and absolute cycle-to-cycle variability across days were compared between both sexes for each muscle. A mixed-design analysis of variance was used to assess differences between both sexes. Results The non-fatiguing character of the screwing task was confirmed by the absence of decreased force levels in maximal voluntary contractions performed before and after the task and by absence of electromyographic signs of muscle fatigue. The static and median muscle activity levels tended to be higher among women (on average 7.86 and 27.23 %RVE) than men (on average 6.04 and 26.66 %RVE). Relative motor variability of the flexor and biceps muscles and absolute motor variability of both upper arm muscles were lower in women (on average 0.79 and 29.70 %RVE) than in men (on average 0.89 and 37.55 %RVE). The median activity level of both upper arms muscles tended to decrease within days among women (on average - 2.63 %RVE) but increase among men (on average + 1.19 %RVE). Absolute motor variability decreased within days among women (on average - 5.32 to - 0.34%RVE), whereas it tended to decrease less or increase within days among men (on average - 1.21 to + 0.25 %RVE). Conclusion Women showed higher levels of muscle activity and lower initial relative and absolute motor variability than males when performing the same occupational task, implying women may have a higher risk for developing disorders and point to both sexes using different intrinsic motor control strategies in task performance. Clearly, biological aspects alone cannot explain why women would be at higher risk for developing disorders than men. Therefore, a wider range of individual and environmental factors should be taken into account for optimizing work station designs and organizations by taking into account sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessy Luger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, DE-72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Robert Seibt
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, DE-72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, DE-72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Steinhilber
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, DE-72074, Tübingen, Germany
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Bouffard J, Martinez R, Plamondon A, Côté JN, Begon M. Sex differences in glenohumeral muscle activation and coactivation during a box lifting task. ERGONOMICS 2019; 62:1327-1338. [PMID: 31282824 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2019.1640396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Manual material handling is associated with shoulder musculoskeletal disorders, especially for women. Sex differences in glenohumeral muscle activity may contribute to women's higher injury risk by affecting shoulder load and stability. We assessed the effects of sex (25 women vs 26 men) and lifting load (6 kg vs 12 kg) on muscle activation during box lifting from hip to eye level. Surface and intramuscular electromyography were recorded from 10 glenohumeral muscles. Most muscles were more activated for the heavier box and for women. These effects were larger for 'prime movers' than for stabilisers and antagonists. Despite their apparently heterogeneous effects on muscle activity, sex and mass did not affect Muscle Focus, a metric of coactivation. This may be partly related to the limited sensitivity of the Muscle Focus. Nevertheless, sex differences in strength, more than in coactivation patterns, may contribute to the sex imbalance in the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Practitioner summary: We studied sex differences in glenohumeral muscle activity in a lifting task to eye level. Women lifting a 6-kg box activated their muscles similarly to men lifting a 12-kg box, i.e. up to 48% of their maximum capacity. Interventions minimising shoulder load should be implemented, especially for women. Abbreviations: BB: biceps brachii; DeltA: anterior deltoid; DeltL: lateral deltoid; DeltP: posterior deltoid; DoF: degrees of freedom; ED: effect duration; EMG: electromyography; ES: effect size; Infra: infraspinatus; Lat: latissimus dorsi; MF: muscle focus; MMH: manual material handling; MVA: maximal voluntary activation; Pect: pectoralis major; Subscap: subscapularis; Supra: supraspinatus; TB: triceps brachii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Bouffard
- Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, Département de Kinésiologie, Université de Montréal , Laval , Canada
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University , Montréal , Canada
| | - Romain Martinez
- Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, Département de Kinésiologie, Université de Montréal , Laval , Canada
| | - André Plamondon
- Institut de Recherche Robert Sauvé en Santé et Sécurité du Travail (IRSST) , Montréal , Canada
| | - Julie N Côté
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University , Montréal , Canada
| | - Mickaël Begon
- Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, Département de Kinésiologie, Université de Montréal , Laval , Canada
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Kim T, Kim M, Lee M, Yoon B. Comparison of scapular muscle activation during shoulder elevation in older and young adults: A pilot study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2019; 32:437-443. [PMID: 30507564 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-181293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of degenerative shoulder disease is increasing, and most shoulder diseases are accompanied by changed activation of the scapular muscles. However, the characteristics of scapular muscle activation in older adults have not yet been reported. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age and load on scapular muscle activation during shoulder abduction and flexion. METHODS Eleven older adults (5 men, 6 women; 71.1 ± 5.3 years) and ten young adults (5 men, 5 women; 25.0 ± 2.7 years) performed shoulder elevation (abduction and flexion) with and without a dumbbell. Electromyography were recorded from the upper, middle and lower trapezius, and serratus anterior muscles in the dominant side. Muscle activation was normalized by reference voluntary contractions. RESULTS During shoulder elevation with a dumbbell load, the activation of the middle trapezius (p= 0.036) in older adults was significantly higher than that in young adults during abduction. The activation of the upper trapezius (p= 0.001) in older adults was significantly higher than that in young adults during flexion. CONCLUSION The older adults have a higher activation of the upper and middle trapezius during shoulder elevation with a weighted load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyeong Kim
- Department of Health Science, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minyoung Lee
- Korea National Rehabilitation Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bumchul Yoon
- Department of Health Science, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Martinez R, Bouffard J, Michaud B, Plamondon A, Côté JN, Begon M. Sex differences in upper limb 3D joint contributions during a lifting task. ERGONOMICS 2019; 62:682-693. [PMID: 30696384 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2019.1571245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sex-related differences in work technique may contribute to increasing the risk of musculoskeletal joint disorders among women. In lifting tasks, sex differences have been reported for the trunk and lower limb, although women present a higher prevalence of shoulder disorders. We investigated sex differences in the upper limb technique during a lifting task. Trunk and upper limb kinematics were recorded in 27 women and 27 men lifting a box (6 or 12 kg) from hip to eye level. Work technique was quantified through the three-dimensional contribution of each joint to overall box height. The glenohumeral joint showed a higher contribution in women with a 6 kg box and wrist and elbow joints did with a 12 kg box, compared to men at either 6 or 12 kg. Sex differences occurred systematically above shoulder level. Our results argue for careful consideration of sex during ergonomic intervention, particularly during the overhead task. Practitioner Summary: We investigated the sex-related differences in upper limb technique during lifting tasks. Results highlight a sex-specific kinematic strategy above the shoulder level on the glenohumeral joint and on the wrist and elbow joints. To help reduce women's shoulder disorders in overhead task, ergonomic interventions should account for those differences. Abbreviations: DoF: degree-of-freedom; WR/EL: wrist and elbow; GH: glenohumeral; SC/AC: sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular; TR/PE: pelvo-thoracic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Martinez
- a Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, Département de Kinésiologie , Université de Montréal , Laval , Canada
| | - Jason Bouffard
- a Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, Département de Kinésiologie , Université de Montréal , Laval , Canada
| | - Benjamin Michaud
- a Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, Département de Kinésiologie , Université de Montréal , Laval , Canada
| | - André Plamondon
- b Institut de Recherche Robert Sauvé en Santé et Sécurité du Travail (IRSST) , Montréal , Canada
| | - Julie N Côté
- c Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education , McGill University , Montréal , Canada
| | - Mickaël Begon
- a Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, Département de Kinésiologie , Université de Montréal , Laval , Canada
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Cid MM, Oliveira AB, Januario LB, Côté JN, de Fátima Carreira Moreira R, Madeleine P. Are there sex differences in muscle coordination of the upper girdle during a sustained motor task? J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2019; 45:1-10. [PMID: 30684823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The higher prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among women compared with men could be explained by sex-gender differences related to biological and physiological processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate sex differences in motor coordination during a sustained and repetitive motor task. METHODS Seventeen healthy females and 21 healthy males participated. The surface electromyography (sEMG) of the trapezius portions and serratus anterior were recorded. Root mean square (RMS) values were computed to assess the level of muscle activity. The standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) were computed as metrics of size of variability. The normalized mutual information (NMI) values were calculated as index of functional connectivity between muscles pairs. RESULTS Females had higher normalized RMS values for the upper trapezius (acromial fibers) and serratus anterior muscles compared with males. RMS decreased, SD and CV increased while NMI decreased for almost all muscle pairs over time. CONCLUSION The present work showed some signs of sex differences in muscle coordination of the shoulder girdle during a sustained motor task, performed with the upper limb positioned below of the shoulder level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Machado Cid
- Laboratory of Clinical and Occupational Kinesiology (LACO), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Oliveira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Occupational Kinesiology (LACO), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Leticia Bergamin Januario
- Laboratory of Clinical and Occupational Kinesiology (LACO), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julie N Côté
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1S4, Canada
| | - Roberta de Fátima Carreira Moreira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Occupational Kinesiology (LACO), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pascal Madeleine
- Laboratory for Ergonomics and Work-related Disorders, Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7 D-3, 9220 Aalborg East, Denmark
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18
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Otto A, Emery K, Côté JN. Differences in muscular and perceptual responses to a neck/shoulder fatiguing task between women and men. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2018; 43:140-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Gender differences in sensorimotor characteristics associated with the performance of a manual dexterity task at shoulder height. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2018; 42:143-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Lirio-Romero C, Anders C, De La Villa-Polo P, Torres-Lacomba M. Implications on older women of age- and sex-related differences in activation patterns of shoulder muscles: A cross-sectional study. J Women Aging 2018; 31:492-512. [PMID: 30252611 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2018.1521654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess differences in neuromotor attributes of shoulder muscles between age groups in both sexes and to better understand functional disorders in older women. Twenty young (20-42 years old), 20 middle-aged (43-67), and 20 older (> 68) adults participated in a comparative surface-electromyography study of five muscles. We identified age-related differences in women, especially in scapula stabilizer muscles. There was a tendency for both sexes of delayed onset times with increasing age, excepting the upper trapezius muscle in females. The results highlight the importance of understanding musculoskeletal aging in women to adequately guide physical therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Lirio-Romero
- Department of Physical Therapy, State Center of Attention to Brain Injury, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christoph Anders
- Division of Motor Research, Pathophysiology and Biomechanics, Clinic for Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - María Torres-Lacomba
- Physiotherapy in Women´s Health Research Group, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Scapular kinematics are important indicators of dyskinesis, often suggesting underlying shoulder pathology, but the influence of sex is unknown. This study's objective was to examine scapular kinematics in healthy males and females. Positions of surface-mounted reflective markers were tracked during arm elevation movements in 0°/30°/40°/60°/90°/120° planes. Scapulothoracic rotations (protraction/retraction, medial/lateral rotation, posterior/anterior tilt) were calculated. ANOVA analysis evaluated main and interaction effects of sex, plane, phase, and elevation angle. Males and females had similar protraction/retraction and medial/lateral rotation kinematics; mean sex-related peak angle differences were 2.5°, 1.8° (raise [concentric]), respectively, and 2.9°, 2.7° (lower [eccentric]), respectively. Largest sex differences for mean peak angle occurred for posterior/anterior tilt at higher elevation angles (raise, 8.4°; lower, 8.5°). Elevation, plane, and phase were main effects for all scapular rotations (P < .001). Sex was not a main effect for any rotations. Sex × elevation interactions influenced protraction/retraction (P < .001) and posterior/anterior tilt (P < .001). Sex × plane (P ≤ .01) and sex × phase (P ≤ .002) interactions influenced all rotations. Lower posterior tilt for females compared to males at higher elevation angles could relate to higher female shoulder pathology incidence. Sex, plane, and phase are necessary components of uninjured scapular kinematics. Sex-specific differences provide insight into potential shoulder pathology etiology. These data provide a benchmark to assess pathological populations.
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Nakayama H, Onishi H, Nojima M, Ishizu K, Kubo M. Analysis of scapular kinematics in three planes of shoulder elevation: A comparison between men and women. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL FITNESS AND SPORTS MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.7600/jpfsm.7.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Nakayama
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Central Hospital
- Graduate School, Niigata University of Health and Welfare
| | - Hideaki Onishi
- Graduate School, Niigata University of Health and Welfare
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare
| | - Motoko Nojima
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata Central Hospital
| | | | - Masayoshi Kubo
- Graduate School, Niigata University of Health and Welfare
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare
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Quantifying differences in the material properties of the fiber regions of the pectoralis major using ultrasound shear wave elastography. J Biomech 2017; 63:41-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Farias Zuniga AM, Côté JN. Effects of Dual Monitor Computer Work Versus Laptop Work on Cervical Muscular and Proprioceptive Characteristics of Males and Females. HUMAN FACTORS 2017; 59:546-563. [PMID: 28060526 DOI: 10.1177/0018720816684690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of performing a 90-minute computer task with a laptop versus a dual monitor desktop workstation were investigated in healthy young male and female adults. BACKGROUND Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are common among computer (especially female) users. Laptops have surpassed desktop computer sales, and working with multiple monitors has also become popular. However, few studies have provided objective evidence on how they affect the musculoskeletal system in both genders. METHODS Twenty-seven healthy participants (mean age = 24.6 years; 13 males) completed a 90-minute computer task while using a laptop or dual monitor (DualMon) desktop. Electromyography (EMG) from eight upper body muscles and visual strain were measured throughout the task. Neck proprioception was tested before and after the computer task using a head-repositioning test. EMG amplitude (root mean square [RMS]), variability (coefficients of variation [CV]), and normalized mutual information (NMI) were computed. RESULTS Visual strain ( p < .01) and right upper trapezius RMS ( p = .03) increased significantly over time regardless of workstation. Right cervical erector spinae RMS and cervical NMI were smaller, while degrees of overshoot (mean = 4.15°) and end position error (mean = 1.26°) were larger in DualMon regardless of time. Effects on muscle activity were more pronounced in males, whereas effects on proprioception were more pronounced in females. CONCLUSION Results suggest that compared to laptop, DualMon work is effective in reducing cervical muscle activity, dissociating cervical connectivity, and maintaining more typical neck repositioning patterns, suggesting some health-protective effects. APPLICATION This evidence could be considered when deciding on computer workstation designs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie N Côté
- McGill University, Montreal, and Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Canada
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Srinivasan D, Sinden KE, Mathiassen SE, Côté JN. Gender differences in fatigability and muscle activity responses to a short-cycle repetitive task. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:2357-2365. [PMID: 27743025 PMCID: PMC5118407 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidemiological research has identified women to be more susceptible to developing neck-shoulder musculoskeletal disorders when performing low-force, repetitive work tasks. Whether this is attributable to gender differences in fatigability and motor control is currently unclear. This study investigated the extent to which women differ from men in fatigability and motor control while performing a short-cycle repetitive task. METHODS 113 healthy young adults (58 women, 55 men) performed a standardized repetitive pointing task. The task was terminated when the subject's perceived exertion reached 8 on the Borg scale. The time to task termination, and changes in means and cycle-to-cycle variabilities of surface electromyography signals from start to end of the task, were compared between women and men, for the upper trapezius, anterior deltoid, biceps and triceps muscles. RESULTS Women and men terminated the task after 6.5 (SD 3.75) and 7 (SD 4) min on average (p > 0.05). All four muscles showed an increase of 25-35 % in average muscle activity with fatigue (no significant sex differences). However, men exhibited a higher increase than women in trapezius muscle variability with fatigue (31 vs. 7 %; p < 0.05), and a decrease in biceps muscle variability where women had an increase (-23 vs. 12 %; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that women and men may not differ in the ability to perform repetitive tasks at low-to-moderate force levels. However, differences in motor control strategies employed in task performance may explain gender differences in susceptibility to developing musculoskeletal disorders when performing repetitive work for prolonged periods in occupational life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Srinivasan
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gavle, 801 76 Gavle, Sweden
- Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA
| | - Kathryn E. Sinden
- McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1S4 Canada
- CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, 3205 Alton Goldbloom Place, Laval, QC H7V-1R2 Canada
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gavle, 801 76 Gavle, Sweden
| | - Julie N. Côté
- McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H2W 1S4 Canada
- CRIR Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, 3205 Alton Goldbloom Place, Laval, QC H7V-1R2 Canada
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Januario LB, Moreira RDFC, Cid MM, Samani A, Madeleine P, Oliveira AB. Effects of active pause pattern of surface electromyographic activity among subjects performing monotonous tasks: A systematic review. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2016; 30:196-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Zanca GG, Grüninger B, Mattiello SM. Effects of Kinesio taping on scapular kinematics of overhead athletes following muscle fatigue. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2016; 29:113-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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BARBE MF, JAIN NX, MASSICOTTE VS, POPOFF SN, BARR-GILLESPIE AE. Ergonomic task reduction prevents bone osteopenia in a rat model of upper extremity overuse. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2015; 53:206-221. [PMID: 25739896 PMCID: PMC4466874 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2014-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effectiveness of ergonomic workload reduction of switching rats from a high repetition high force (HRHF) lever pulling task to a reduced force and reach rate task for preventing task-induced osteopenic changes in distal forelimb bones. Distal radius and ulna trabecular structure was examined in young adult rats performing one of three handle-pulling tasks for 12 wk: (1) HRHF, (2) low repetition low force (LRLF); or (3) HRHF for 4 wk and than LRLF thereafter (HRHF-to-LRLF). Results were compared to age-matched controls rats. Distal forelimb bones of 12-wk HRHF rats showed increased trabecular resorption and decreased volume, as control rats. HRHF-to-LRLF rats had similar trabecular bone quality as control rats; and decreased bone resorption (decreased trabecular bone volume and serum CTX1), increased bone formation (increased mineral apposition, bone formation rate, and serum osteocalcin), and decreased osteoclasts and inflammatory cytokines, than HRHF rats. Thus, an ergonomic intervention of HRHF-to-LRLF prevented loss of trabecular bone volume occurring with prolonged performance of a repetitive upper extremity task. These findings support the idea of reduced workload as an effective approach to management of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, and begin to define reach rate and load level boundaries for such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F. BARBE
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University
School of Medicine, USA
| | - Nisha X. JAIN
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis,
USA
| | - Vicky S. MASSICOTTE
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University
School of Medicine, USA
| | - Steven N. POPOFF
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University
School of Medicine, USA
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Schwartz C, Croisier JL, Rigaux E, Brüls O, Denoël V, Forthomme B. Gender effect on the scapular 3D posture and kinematic in healthy subjects. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2014; 36:188-96. [PMID: 25382377 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Populations considered for shoulder analysis are often composed of various ratios of men and women. It is consequently hypothesized that gender has no significant effect on the joint kinematic. However, the literature reports, for the shoulder, differences in the range of motion between genders. The specific influence of gender on the scapulo-thoracic kinematics has not been studied yet. The dominant shoulder of two populations of men and women composed of 11 subjects each were evaluated in three dimensions for three distinct motions: flexion in the sagittal plane, abduction in the frontal plane and gleno-humeral internal/external rotation with the arm abducted at 90°. Posture, kinematics and range of motion were studied separately. For flexion and abduction and with regard to the scapular kinematic, external rotation was significantly larger for women than men. The differences were of at least 5° at 120° of humeral elevation. Upward rotations were identical. Women also showed larger average active humero-thoracic range of motion. The mean differences were of 13°, 7°, 12° and 5° for abduction, flexion, internal rotation and external rotation, respectively. No difference was observed between the scapular resting positions of both populations. The observed differences concerning both the scapular and humeral patterns would indicate that the shoulder behaviour of men and women should not be expected to be similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schwartz
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis - LAMH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - J L Croisier
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis - LAMH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - E Rigaux
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis - LAMH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - O Brüls
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis - LAMH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - V Denoël
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis - LAMH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Architecture, Geology, Environment and Constructions, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - B Forthomme
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis - LAMH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Dominance effect on scapula 3-dimensional posture and kinematics in healthy male and female populations. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2014; 23:873-81. [PMID: 24280354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contralateral shoulder is often used as a reference when evaluating a pathologic shoulder. However, the literature provides contradictory results regarding the symmetry of the scapular pattern in a healthy population. We assume that several factors including gender and type of motion may influence the bilateral symmetry of the scapulae. MATERIALS AND METHODS The dominant and nondominant shoulders of 2 populations of men and women comprising 11 subjects each were evaluated for 3 distinct motions: flexion in the sagittal plane, abduction in the frontal plane, and glenohumeral internal/external rotation with the arm abducted at 90°. Posture, kinematics, and range of motion were studied separately. RESULTS Asymmetries are observed for motions performed in the frontal and sagittal plane but not for internal/external rotation with the arm abducted at 90°. For both male and female populations, multiplanar asymmetries are observed and the dominant scapula has a larger upward rotation. The asymmetries mainly originate in the scapula's kinematics and not in its original posture. CONCLUSION Small but significant asymmetries exist between the dominant and nondominant shoulders in terms of kinematics. One should be aware of these differences when using the contralateral shoulder as a reference. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Basic science study, kinematics
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31
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Inglis JG, Vandenboom R, Gabriel DA. Sex-related differences in maximal rate of isometric torque development. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2013; 23:1289-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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32
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Selective activation of the latissimus dorsi and the inferior fibers of trapezius at various shoulder angles during isometric pull-down exertion. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2013; 23:1350-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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33
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Gender differences in neck/shoulder muscular patterns in response to repetitive motion induced fatigue. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2013; 23:1183-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Vaseghi B, Jaberzadeh S, Kalantari KK, Naimi SS. The impact of load and base of support on electromyographic onset in the shoulder muscle during push-up exercises. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2013; 17:192-9. [PMID: 23561866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 06/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of base of support (BOS) and external loads on electromyographic (EMG) onset in the shoulder muscles during push-up exercises. METHODS Two levels of external load were applied at two levels of BOS stability during push-up exercises. EMG onset in six shoulder muscles was measured in 30 healthy participants. RESULTS With load set at 4% of body weight (BW), EMG onset in the lower trapezius (LT) (P = 0.003) and biceps brachia (BB) (P = 0.001) was significantly decreased with no load. Conversely, in other muscles (the upper trapezius (UT), teres major (TM), seratus anterior (SA) and deltoid posterior (DP)), time to EMG onset did not change significantly. No significant changes in EMG onset were observed with load at 2% of BW. The average time to EMG onset was significantly decreased for different stages of BOS instability in the LT (P = 0.04) and UT (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Both load and BOS instability reduce time to EMG onset, but BOS instability produces greater reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Vaseghi
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Peninsula Campus, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
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35
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Anderson GS, Gaetz M, Holzmann M, Twist P. Comparison of EMG activity during stable and unstable push-up protocols. Eur J Sport Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2011.577240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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36
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Park S, Nho H, Chang MJ, Kim JK. Electromyography activities for shoulder muscles over various movements on different torque changes. Eur J Sport Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2011.566375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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37
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Johansen TI, Samani A, Antle DM, Côté JN, Madeleine P. Gender effects on the coordination of subdivisions of the trapezius muscle during a repetitive box-folding task. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 113:175-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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38
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Buckley JP, Borg GAV. Borg's scales in strength training; from theory to practice in young and older adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2011; 36:682-92. [PMID: 21977913 DOI: 10.1139/h11-078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study is the first to apply Borg's psychophysical equation to measuring responses to strength training with weights machines. Theoretical constructs of Borg's scales were assessed in younger and older adults to estimate the appropriate load and number of repetitions required to meet recommended practice guidelines. A younger group (YG; 20 males, 20 females; aged 19-38 years) and older group (OG; 13 males, 13 females; aged 50-75 years) participated in 3 experiments. Experiment 1: YG performed 2-repetitions of incremented loads during triceps-elbow extensions and knee extensions to level 7 on Borg's CR10 Scale. Experiment 2: YG (n = 16) then performed 12-repetitions at the loads from experiment 1 that elicited CR10 ratings 1.5, 3.0, and 5.0. Experiment 3: OG performed 15-repetitions of "lat-pull" and leg press at 15-repetition maximum (RM) load. In experiments 2 and 3, CR10 or Borg RPE were measured every 2 repetitions. Experiment 1 revealed classic psychophysical response growth exponents between 1.1 and 1.8, which were greater in arms than legs (p < 0.001) and in females (p < 0.001). Theoretical estimates of 1RM were derived from the growth curves for the weights eliciting CR10 ratings of 1.5, 3, and 5. CR10 ratings of 3 to 6 fell within estimates of 40%-70% 1RM. Experiments 2 and 3 revealed, for constant load exercise "over time" (12 and 15 repetitions) from an initial CR10 rating of 4 to 6, a linear increase of 1 scale point for every 3 to 4 repetitions. In conclusion, Borg's equation has been used to set theoretical estimates of a %1RM. Relevant to current practice guidelines was the ability to set appropriate loads in relation to performing recommended numbers of repetitions (e.g., if the CR10 rating is >6 after 2 repetitions, the weight is likely be too heavy to complete 12 to 15 repetitions).
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Buckley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, The University of Chester, Cheshire, UK.
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39
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Côté JN. A critical review on physical factors and functional characteristics that may explain a sex/gender difference in work-related neck/shoulder disorders. ERGONOMICS 2011; 55:173-182. [PMID: 21846285 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2011.586061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The objective of this paper is to critically review recent literature on physical and functional sex/gender (s/g) differences, with focus on physical determinants associated with neck/shoulder musculoskeletal injuries. It is well known that there are s/g differences in anthropometrical and functional body characteristics (e.g. size and strength). However, s/g differences may be wrongly attributed if data analysis does not include appropriate corrections (e.g. by strength for endurance). Recent literature on motor control shows that there may indeed be s/g differences in muscle coordination and movement strategies during upper limb tasks that are not currently explained by methodological inadequacies. Moreover, recent studies have shown differences between men and women in sensory hypersensitivity characteristics associated with neck/shoulder injuries. Taken together, the literature points to the importance of accounting for possible s/g differences at all levels of the biopsychosocial system in order to better understand sex- and gender-specific issues relevant to workplace health. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY This article critically reviews recent literature and a conceptual model highlighting s/g differences in physical and functional characteristics related to neck/shoulder musculoskeletal disorders (NSMSD). Findings have implications on understanding how personal factors may affect NSMSD risk. With better understanding, practitioners can make more appropriate decisions to prevent work-related NSMSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie N Côté
- McGill University, Kinesiology and Physical Education, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebéc, H2W 1S4, Canada.
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40
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Arlotta M, Lovasco G, McLean L. Selective recruitment of the lower fibers of the trapezius muscle. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2011; 21:403-10. [PMID: 21144767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Arlotta
- Queen's University, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Canada
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41
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Sormunen E, Rissanen S, Oksa J, Pienimaki T, Remes J, Rintamaki H. Muscular activity and thermal responses in men and women during repetitive work in cold environments. ERGONOMICS 2009; 52:964-976. [PMID: 19629811 DOI: 10.1080/00140130902767413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Thermal responses and muscular activity in repetitive work were studied in eight women and eight men at 19 degrees C (thermoneutral) and at 4 degrees C (cold). Furthermore, effect of a heating vest was studied at 4 degrees C. Women had lower (p < 0.05) mean skin temperature compared with men at each thermal condition. Muscular activity (microV) was generally higher in women compared with men, being significantly higher in m. deltoideus (p < 0.05). Women had lower (p < 0.01) maximal isometric strength compared with men, which may have influenced the observed higher muscular activity during work in women. However, compared with thermoneutral, working in cold increased (p < 0.05) muscular activity in the forearm and upper arm extensors only in men. The vest did not significantly counteract the increase in muscular activity. In conclusion, sex differences should be considered when evaluating cold protection and work load reduction in repetitive work in cold environments. Present results indicate that in identical work, sex affects thermal responses and muscular activity during repetitive work in conditions comparable with cooled departments in the food-processing industry. Sex differences should be considered when evaluating cold protection and preventive measures for work load reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erja Sormunen
- Centre for Arctic Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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42
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Balasubramanian V, Jayaraman S. Surface EMG based muscle activity analysis for aerobic cyclist. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2009; 13:34-42. [PMID: 19118791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2007] [Revised: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we determined the muscle activity of aerobic cyclist on biceps brachii medial, trapezius medial, latissimus dorsi medial, and erector spinae muscles bilaterally during 30 min of cycling. Thirteen male volunteers were chosen and placed in two groups (with and without low back pain (LBP)). Surface electromyography (sEMG) was recorded bilaterally from selected muscle groups for 30 min of cycling for each subject. Statistical tests were performed to determine the difference in fatigue, using mean power frequency difference. LBP group showed a significantly higher fatigue (p<0.05) in left biceps brachii medial when compared to the control group. High fatigue in the back muscles in the LBP group was not found; however, when linear regression was performed for these individuals, the data showed a possibility of worsening in their condition due to 30 min of cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Balasubramanian
- Rehabilitation Bioengineering Group (RBG), Department of Biotechnology, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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43
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Anders C, Fröbel A, Marx F, Scholle HC. Muskuläres Aktivierungsverhalten des M. quadriceps femoris. MANUELLE MEDIZIN 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00337-008-0632-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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de Oliveira AS, de Morais Carvalho M, de Brum DPC. Activation of the shoulder and arm muscles during axial load exercises on a stable base of support and on a medicine ball. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2008; 18:472-9. [PMID: 17218116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2004] [Revised: 08/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare SEMG activities during axial load exercises on a stable base of support and on a medicine ball (relatively unstable). Twelve healthy male volunteers were tested (x=23+/-7 y). Surface EMG was recorded from the biceps brachii, anterior deltoid, clavicular portion of pectoralis major, upper trapezius and serratus anterior using surface differential electrodes. All SEMG data are reported as percentage of RMS mean values obtained in maximal voluntary contractions for each muscle studied. A 3-way within factor repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to compare RMS normalized values. The RMS normalized values of the deltoid were always greater during the exercises performed on a medicine ball in relation to those performed on a stable base of support. The trapezius showed greater mean electric activation amplitude values on the wall-press exercise on a medicine ball, and the pectoralis major on the push-up. The serratus and biceps did not show significant differences of electric activation amplitude in relation to both tested bases of support. Independent of the base of support, none of the studied muscles showed significant differences of electric activation amplitude during the bench-press exercise. The results contribute to the identification of the levels of muscular activation amplitude during exercises that are common in clinical practice of rehabilitation of the shoulder and the differences in terms of type of base of support used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Siriani de Oliveira
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor Apparatus, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University - USP, Brazil.
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45
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Nie H, Arendt-Nielsen L, Kawczynski A, Madeleine P. Gender effects on trapezius surface EMG during delayed onset muscle soreness due to eccentric shoulder exercise. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2007; 17:401-9. [PMID: 16806973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2006.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2005] [Revised: 03/16/2006] [Accepted: 04/03/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate gender-specific motor control strategies during eccentric exercise and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in the shoulder region. Twelve healthy males and females participated in the study. Eccentric shoulder exercises were conducted on the dominant shoulder while the other side served as control. The exerted force, range of shoulder elevation, rating of perceived exertion, pain intensity, and surface electromyography (EMG) from the trapezius muscles were recorded and analyzed. A significant decrease in exerted force during exercise was only found in males despite similar rating of perceived exertion among genders. During eccentric exercise: males showed increasing root mean square (RMS) of the EMG while a decrease occurred for females, no difference between genders in mean power frequency of the EMG were seen. During static and dynamic contractions: no differences between genders in pain intensity or RMS were observed; RMS of the exercised side were lower than that of the control side (P<0.05) at 24 h after exercise. The results indicated a more prominent muscle fatigue resistance in females compared with males and mobilization of different muscle activation strategies during eccentric exercise. A protective adaptation to DOMS, i.e. decrease in RMS values was found with no gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- HongLing Nie
- Laboratory for Experimental Pain Research, Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7D-3, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
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46
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Srinivasan J, Balasubramanian V. Low back pain and muscle fatigue due to road cycling—An sEMG study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2006.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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47
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Anders C, Brose G, Hofmann GO, Scholle HC. Gender specific activation patterns of trunk muscles during whole body tilt. Eur J Appl Physiol 2007; 101:195-205. [PMID: 17522886 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-007-0490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gender specific differences as evidenced in both anthropometric data and physical performance of healthy persons have been broadly demonstrated. Recently advancements in surface electromyography (SEMG) have shown possible differences in men's and women's muscle coordination patterns. However, quantitative information about gender related muscle co-ordination patterns are rare. This investigation was carried out to both verify if trunk muscle SEMG amplitude-force relationship differs between men and women and refine techniques of measurement and data analysis using SEMG. Thirty-one healthy volunteers (16 women, 15 men) were investigated during whole body tilt at angles from 5 degrees to 90 degrees (from quasi vertical to horizontal position). Subjects had to maintain body in body axis while their lower body was fixed and the upper body remained unsupported. SEMG was taken from five different trunk muscles of both sides simultaneously. At corresponding tilt angles women exhibited higher amplitude levels of their abdominal muscles in comparison to men, who were characterized by higher back muscle amplitudes. Abdominal muscles showed a non-linear SEMG amplitude-force relationship but differed between genders with more linearity in women. Back muscles showed a linear amplitude-force relationship with no differences between genders. Women were characterized by higher levels of co-contraction of all investigated muscles. The data are in accordance with histological investigations, which already proved specific fiber distribution patterns in both abdominal and back muscles and gender related differences in relative area of Type 1 fibers of back muscles. The observed differences in SEMG-force relationship for the abdominal muscles remain hypothetical because of lack of histological information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Anders
- Clinic for Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Division for Motor Research, Pathophysiology and Biomechanics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07740, Jena, Germany.
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48
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Piscione J, Gamet D. Effect of mechanical compression due to load carrying on shoulder muscle fatigue during sustained isometric arm abduction: an electromyographic study. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006; 97:573-81. [PMID: 16767438 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-006-0221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of surface electromyography (EMG) for studying the effect of mechanical compression of occupational origin on muscle fatigue has been the subject of poor attention in ergonomic research. This study examined the effect of backpack carrying on fatigue of two shoulder muscles during sustained low force static contraction: the middle deltoid (MD) muscle and the upper trapezius (UT) muscle on which the backpack strap exerted direct compressive force. EMG activities of MD and UT muscles, of the dominant and non-dominant sides, were studied on eight subjects during two tasks, a maximal and an exhausting submaximal bilateral isometric 90 degrees arm abduction, which were performed while carrying a backpack load of 0, 10, and 20 kg, respectively. EMG amplitude (root mean square, RMS) and spectral (mean power frequency, MPF) parameters were computed from the recorded signals. No significant differences between the dominant and non-dominant sides were found for none of the parameters whatever the load-carrying mass. Load-carrying masses which were tested did not influence significantly the maximal bilateral arm abduction performance contrary to the time to exhaustion during the submaximal task, which decreased significantly with increasing load-carrying mass. A significant increase in fatigability, defined by the slope of MPF decrease, was observed for both muscles when load-carrying mass increased; but only UT presented a significant increase in muscle fatigue level, defined by the MPF value with respect to its initial value, at the end of the exhausting submaximal task. Furthermore, the increase in muscle activation of UT, quantified by RMS, during the exhausting task was not significantly higher with increasing load-carrying mass. So, the increased signs of local fatigue of UT may be interpreted by a localised blood flow impairment resulting from the direct compressive force exerted by backpack on this muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Piscione
- Département de Génie Biologique, Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Génie Biomédical, UMR CNRS-6600, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
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