1
|
Brocherie F, Racinais S, Couderc A, Piscione J, Girard O. Four Sessions of Repeated-Sprint Cycling Training With or Without Severe Hypoxia Do Not Modify Overground Running Sprint Force-Velocity Profile. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024; 19:80-83. [PMID: 37917965 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of cycling-based repeated-sprint training in hypoxia versus in normoxia on single overground running sprint performance and associated force-velocity (F-V) profile in world-class female rugby sevens players. METHODS Eighteen world-class female rugby sevens players were randomly assigned to repeated-sprint cycling training in normobaric hypoxia (n = 9) or normoxia (n = 9) groups. Training consisted of 4 sessions of repeated-sprint cycling training in normobaric hypoxia or in normoxia (4 × 5 × 5-s cycle sprints-25-s intersprint recovery performed in simulated altitude of ∼5000 m or in normoxia with 3-min interset rest in normoxia for both groups) in addition to rugby sevens training and strength and conditioning sessions within a 9-day intervention period before an international competition. Before and 1 day after the intervention, single 50-m overground running "all-out" sprint performance and associated F-V-related mechanical output were assessed. RESULTS No interaction (group × time; all P > .088), time effect (before vs 1 d after; all P > .296), or group effect (repeated-sprint cycling training in normobaric hypoxia vs in normoxia; all P > .325) was detected for 50-m overground running sprint performance and any derived F-V profiling variables. CONCLUSIONS Four sessions of repeated-sprint training either in hypoxia or in normoxia performed over 9 days had no influence on single 50-m overground running sprint performance and associated F-V profile. In world-class female rugby sevens players, the intervention (training camp before an international competition) might have been too short to induce measurable changes. It is also plausible that implementing a similar program in players with likely different F-V profile may result in negligible mechanical effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Brocherie
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - Sebastien Racinais
- Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anthony Couderc
- Research Department, French Rugby Union Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Julien Piscione
- Research Department, French Rugby Union Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Olivier Girard
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peeters A, Leduc C, Piscione J, Lacome M, Carling C, Babault N. Anthropometric and physical characteristics in U16, U18 and U20 elite French youth rugby union players. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295623. [PMID: 38117784 PMCID: PMC10732359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study in elite youth French players were to 1) describe the anthropometric and physical characteristics of international and non-international players from U16 to U20, and 2) compare these characteristics across age categories and playing standard (international or non-international). Altogether, 1423 players from the French Rugby Federation's academies participated in a physical testing battery, part of its national young player development pathway. From seasons 2010 to 2020, players were assessed for anthropometric (body mass and height), off-field (bench press; isometric squat, vertical jump) and on-field physical characteristics (aerobic capacity: maximal aerobic speed [MAS]; speed: 10-m, 50-m sprint). A 2-way mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare physical characteristics across age categories and playing standards. Two separate models were used for forwards and backs. A main statistical effect was observed for age category and playing standard (range p < 0.05 -p < 0.001). Pair-wise category comparisons showed that older players were generally taller, heavier, stronger, faster and demonstrated better aerobic qualities than younger peers. The same results were observed for INT compared with NI players while INT forwards were also taller and heavier than NI peers (range p < 0.01 -p < 0.001). Findings revealed a clear progression in anthropometric characteristics and physical qualities throughout the age development pathway in elite young French rugby players. Findings also identified certain physical qualities (strength, power and speed) necessary at younger levels to achieve international standard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Peeters
- Sport Science Faculty, INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Dijon, France
- Performance Department, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Cedric Leduc
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Center, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Sport Science and Medicine Department, Crystal Palace Football Club, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Piscione
- Performance Department, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, France
- University of Evry, University of Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Mathieu Lacome
- Performance and Analytics Department, Parma Calcio 1913, Parma, Italy
- FFF Research Center, Fédération Française de Football, Centre National du Football, Clairefontaine-en-Yvelines, France
| | - Christopher Carling
- FFF Research Center, Fédération Française de Football, Centre National du Football, Clairefontaine-en-Yvelines, France
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Babault
- Sport Science Faculty, INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Dijon, France
- Centre for Performance and Expertise, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Sport Science Faculty, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brocherie F, Racinais S, Cocking S, Townsend N, Couderc A, Piscione J, Girard O. Repeated-Sprint Training at 5000-m Simulated Altitude in Preparation for the World Rugby Women's Sevens Series: Too High? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1923-1932. [PMID: 37259251 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of novel repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) protocol, likely maximizing hypoxic stimulus (higher than commonly used) while preserving training quality (interset rest in normoxia). METHODS Twenty-three world-class female rugby sevens players performed four repeated-sprint training sessions (4 sets of 5 × 5-s cycle sprints-25-s intersprint recovery and 3-min interset rest) under normobaric hypoxia (RSH, exercise and interset rest at FiO 2 of 10.6% and 20.9%, respectively; n = 12) or normoxia (repeated-sprint training in normoxia; exercise and interset rest at FiO 2 of 20.9%; n = 11) during a 9-d training camp before international competition. Repeated-sprint ability (8 × 5-s treadmill sprints-25-s recovery), on-field aerobic capacity, and brachial endothelial function were assessed pre- and postintervention. RESULTS Arterial oxygen saturation (pooled data: 87.0% ± 3.1% vs 96.7% ± 2.9%, P < 0.001) and peak and mean power outputs (sets 1 to 4 average decrease: -21.7% ± 7.2% vs -12.0% ± 3.8% and -24.9% ± 8.1% vs -14.9% ± 3.5%; both P < 0.001) were lower in RSH versus repeated-sprint training in normoxia. The cumulated repeated-sprint distance covered significantly increased from pre- to postintervention (+1.9% ± 3.0%, P = 0.019), irrespective of the condition ( P = 0.149). On-field aerobic capacity did not change (all P > 0.45). There was no significant interaction (all P > 0.240) or condition main effect (all P > 0.074) for any brachial artery endothelial function variable. Only peak diameter increased ( P = 0.026), whereas baseline and peak shear stress decreased ( P = 0.014 and 0.019, respectively), from pre- to postintervention. CONCLUSIONS In world-class female rugby sevens players, only four additional repeated-sprint sessions before competition improve repeated-sprint ability and brachial endothelial function. However, adding severe hypoxic stress during sets of repeated sprints only did not provide supplementary benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Brocherie
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, FRANCE
| | - Sebastien Racinais
- Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, QATAR
| | | | - Nathan Townsend
- Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, QATAR
| | - Anthony Couderc
- Research Department, French Rugby Union Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, FRANCE
| | - Julien Piscione
- Research Department, French Rugby Union Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, FRANCE
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Couderc A, Lacome M, Cheradame J, Carling C, Piscione J. Peak Running Demands in Elite Women's Rugby Sevens and Rugby Union Match Play: A Comparative Study. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:1004-1011. [PMID: 37527820 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In women's rugby, players regularly interchange between the rugby sevens (R7) and rugby union (RU) formats. Yet, the game demands and particularly the physical aspects respective to both formats vary and players must be able to respond accordingly. The aim of this study was to compare peak running demands in R7 and RU players. METHODS A total of 51 international women players participated. HSBC World Sevens Series (n = 19) and Six Nations Rugby Union tournament matches (n = 10) were analyzed for a total of 437 individual match observations. Global positioning systems were utilized to measure total (in meters) and high-speed (above 16 km·h-1, in meters) distance and frequency of accelerations (above 2.5 m·s-2, n) during different rolling-average periods (1-7 min) to obtain peak running activity values. Power law modeling was used to obtain slope and intercept. For all variables, peak values and the value at the 90th percentile (P90) were analyzed. RESULTS No intercept difference (P = .25; -0.12 ± 0.17) was observed between formats for total distance (161 vs 155 m·min-1). In contrast, R7 players reported a higher intercept (P = .01; -0.29 ± 0.17) for high-speed distance (66 vs 51 m·min-1), while the intercept was higher (P = .01; 0.31 ± 0.20) in RU for accelerations performed (6.1 vs 5.4 n·min-1). Regarding P90, higher values (P < .001) were observed in R7 for total and high-speed distance and accelerations. CONCLUSIONS While peak overall intensity was similar, P90 on the high-speed spectrum was higher in R7. Information on the most demanding match-play periods specific to both women's rugby formats can inform training specificity by tailoring sessions to ensure sufficient exposure to these peak demands and, consequently, aid transitioning between formats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Couderc
- Department of Research, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis,France
| | - Mathieu Lacome
- Department of Performance and Analytics, Parma Calcio 1913 Football Club, Parma,Italy
| | - Jeremy Cheradame
- Department of Research, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis,France
| | - Christopher Carling
- FFF Research Center, French Football Federation, Clairefontaine National Football Center, Clairefontaine-en-Yvelines,France
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris,France
| | - Julien Piscione
- Department of Research, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis,France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bouten J, Brick M, Saboua A, Hadjadj JL, Piscione J, Margot C, Doucende G, Bourrel N, Millet GP, Brocherie F. Effects of 2 Different Protocols of Repeated-Sprint Training in Hypoxia in Elite Female Rugby Sevens Players During an Altitude Training Camp. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:953-959. [PMID: 37487586 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) is an effective way of improving physical performance compared with similar training in normoxia. RSH efficiency relies on hypoxia severity, but also on the oxidative-glycolytic balance determined by both sprint duration and exercise-to-rest ratio. This study investigated the effect of 2 types of RSH sessions during a classic altitude camp in world-class female rugby sevens players. METHODS Sixteen players performed 5 RSH sessions on a cycle ergometer (simulated altitude: 3000 m above sea level [asl]) during a 3-week natural altitude camp (1850 m asl). Players were assigned to 2 different protocols with either a high (RSH1:3, sprint duration: 8-10 s; exercise-to-rest ratios: 1:2-1:3; n = 7) or a low exercise-to-rest ratio (RSH1:5, sprint duration: 5-15 s; exercise-to-rest ratios: 1:2-1:5; n = 9). Repeated-sprint performances (maximal and mean power outputs [PPOmax, and PPOmean]) were measured before and after the intervention, along with physiological responses. RESULTS PPOmax (962 [100] to 1020 [143] W, P = .008, Cohen d = 0.47) and PPOmean (733 [71] to 773 [91] W, P = .008, d = 0.50) increased from before to after. A significant interaction effect (P = .048, d = 0.50) was observed for PPOmean, with a larger increase observed in RSH1:3 (P = .003). No interaction effects were observed (P > .05) for the other variables. CONCLUSION A classic altitude camp with 5 RSH sessions superimposed on rugby-sevens-specific training led to an improved repeated-sprint performance, suggesting that RSH effects are not blunted by prolonged hypoxic exposure. Interestingly, using a higher exercise-to-rest ratio during RSH appears to be more effective than when applying a lower exercise-to-rest ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janne Bouten
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris,France
| | - Maxime Brick
- Research Department, French Rugby Union, Marcoussis,France
| | - Antoine Saboua
- Research Department, French Rugby Union, Marcoussis,France
| | | | | | - Chloé Margot
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne,Switzerland
| | - Gregory Doucende
- Centre National d'Entraînement en Altitude, Font Romeu,France
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Performance Santé en Environnement de Montagne (LIPSEM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Font Romeu,France
| | - Nicolas Bourrel
- Centre National d'Entraînement en Altitude, Font Romeu,France
- Institut National du Sport (INS), Montreal, QC,Canada
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne,Switzerland
| | - Franck Brocherie
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris,France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Périard JD, Girard O, Townsend N, Bourdon P, Cocking S, Ihsan M, Lacome M, Nichols D, Travers G, Wilson MG, Piscione J, Racinais S. Hematological Adaptations Following a Training Camp in Hot and/or Hypoxic Conditions in Elite Rugby Union Players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:1053-1061. [PMID: 37553108 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of a training camp with heat and/or hypoxia sessions on hematological and thermoregulatory adaptations. METHODS Fifty-six elite male rugby players completed a 2-week training camp with 5 endurance and 5 repeated-sprint sessions, rugby practice, and resistance training. Players were separated into 4 groups: CAMP trained in temperate conditions at sea level, HEAT performed the endurance sessions in the heat, ALTI slept and performed the repeated sprints at altitude, and H + A was a combination of the heat and altitude groups. RESULTS Blood volume across all groups increased by 140 mL (95%CI, 42-237; P = .006) and plasma volume by 97 mL (95%CI 28-167; P = .007) following the training camp. Plasma volume was 6.3% (0.3% to 12.4%) higher in HEAT than ALTI (P = .034) and slightly higher in HEAT than H + A (5.6% [-0.3% to 11.7%]; P = .076). Changes in hemoglobin mass were not significant (P = .176), despite a ∼1.2% increase in ALTI and H + A and a ∼0.7% decrease in CAMP and HEAT. Peak rectal temperature was lower during a postcamp heat-response test in HEAT (0.3 °C [0.1-0.5]; P = .010) and H + A (0.3 °C [0.1-0.6]; P = .005). Oxygen saturation upon waking was lower in ALTI (3% [2% to 5%]; P < .001) and H + A (4% [3% to 6%]; P < .001) than CAMP and HEAT. CONCLUSION Although blood and plasma volume increased following the camp, sleeping at altitude impeded the increase when training in the heat and only marginally increased hemoglobin mass. Heat training induced adaptations commensurate with partial heat acclimation; however, combining heat training and altitude training and confinement during a training camp did not confer concomitant hematological adaptations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien D Périard
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT,Australia
- Department of Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha,Qatar
| | - Olivier Girard
- Department of Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha,Qatar
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA,Australia
| | - Nathan Townsend
- Department of Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha,Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha,Qatar
| | - Pitre Bourdon
- Department of Sport Science, ASPIRE, Academy for Sports Excellence, Doha,Qatar
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA,Australia
| | - Scott Cocking
- Department of Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha,Qatar
- Department of Sport Science, ASPIRE, Academy for Sports Excellence, Doha,Qatar
| | - Mohammed Ihsan
- Department of Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha,Qatar
| | - Mathieu Lacome
- Department of Research, Sport Laboratory, Expertise and Performance, French Institute of Sports (INSEP), Paris,France
- Department of Performance and Analytics, Parma Calcio, Parma,Italy
| | - David Nichols
- Department of Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha,Qatar
| | - Gavin Travers
- Department of Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha,Qatar
- Space Medicine Team, European Astronaut Center, Köln,Germany
| | - Mathew G Wilson
- Department of Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha,Qatar
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London,United Kingdom
| | - Julien Piscione
- Department of Research, Sport Laboratory, Expertise and Performance, French Institute of Sports (INSEP), Paris,France
| | - Sebastien Racinais
- Department of Research and Scientific Support, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha,Qatar
- Department of Research, Sport Laboratory, Expertise and Performance, French Institute of Sports (INSEP), Paris,France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Imbert S, Piscione J, Couderc A, Joncheray H, Daussin FN. Evolution of the physical characteristics of the French women's rugby players: A 10-year longitudinal analysis by position and team. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1120162. [PMID: 37090820 PMCID: PMC10113647 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1120162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe study aimed to interpret the evolution of the physical performance of rugby sevens and rugby union French international players from 2009 to 2020.Methods631 players from the French national teams were divided into three groups: forwards, backs and sevens. The performances evaluated were anthropometric characteristics, strength tests (1 RM bench press and 1 RM pull-up), aerobic capacity (YoYo IR1 test) and speed tests (10 m, 20 m and 50 m). The best performance of each player over a two-year period was kept for the analysis. Fluctuations were observed across the decade.ResultsThe anthropometric characteristics of female rugby sevens players tend to be taller and lighter than rugby union players. In rugby sevens, a moderate increase in maximal aerobic capacity was observed while sprint performances remained similar. Improvements in height and weight were observed over the last 10 years in rugby union players with a difference between the position. A moderate increase in sprinting performances and strength were observed both in backs and forwards.DiscussionThe overall improvement of strength and conditioning performances and anthropometrical evolution reflects the rugby environment characterized by the arrival of professional contracts and the structuration process of the clubs which allows a better quality of training and easier access to the infrastructures of the very high level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Imbert
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 7369—URePSSS—Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Lille, France
- Ligue des Hauts-de-France de Rugby, Villeneuve D’ascq, France
| | - Julien Piscione
- Department of Performance, Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France
| | - Anthony Couderc
- Department of Performance, Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France
| | - Hélène Joncheray
- Laboratoire Sport, Expertise, Performance, Unité de la Recherche, Institut National du Sport, de L’Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - Frédéric N. Daussin
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 7369—URePSSS—Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Lille, France
- Correspondence: Frédéric N. Daussin
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fabre M, Mathieu B, Tiollier E, Leduc C, Clauss M, Marchand A, Robineau J, Piscione J, Serenari T, Brasy J, Guerville M, Ligneul A, Bigard X. Effects of Native Whey Protein and Carbohydrate Supplement on Physical Performance and Plasma Markers of Muscle Damage and Inflammation during a Simulated Rugby Sevens Tournament: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224780. [PMID: 36432469 PMCID: PMC9694075 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of optimized recovery during a sport competition is undisputed. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of recovery drinks comprising either carbohydrate only, or a mix of native whey proteins and carbohydrate to maintain physical performance and minimize muscle damage during a simulated rugby sevens (rugby 7s) tournament. Twelve well-trained male rugby players participated in three simulated rugby 7s tournament days with a week's interval in between. Each tournament comprised a sequence of three simulated matches, interspersed with 2 h of recovery. Three different recovery drinks were tested: a placebo (PLA, nonenergetic chocolate-flavored drink), a carbohydrate drink (CHO, 80 g of carbohydrate) or an isoenergetic carbohydrate-protein drink (P-CHO, 20 g of Pronativ®, native whey protein and 60 g of carbohydrate). A different recovery drink, consumed after each match, was tested during each simulated tournament. Physical performance, muscle damage and muscle pain were assessed before and after each simulated tournament. Regarding physical performance, both P-CHO and CHO drinks had a positive effect on the maintenance of 50 m sprint time compared to the PLA drink (effect sizes large and moderate, respectively). Regarding muscle damage, the P-CHO supplement attenuated the creatine phosphokinase increase at POST6 compared to PLA (effect size, moderate). Finally, P-CHO and CHO drinks reduced the exercise-induced DOMS (effect size, moderate), compared to the PLA condition (effect size, large), while P-CHO only reduced pain on muscle palpation and pain when descending stairs compared to PLA 24 h post-tournament (effect size, small). This study suggests that consuming a recovery drink containing native whey proteins and carbohydrate or carbohydrate only after each match of a rugby 7s tournament may attenuate the exercise-induced increase in markers of muscle damage and maintain physical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fabre
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (SEP, EA 7370), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), 75012 Paris, France
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Eve Tiollier
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (SEP, EA 7370), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), 75012 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Leduc
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Center, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds LS1 3HE, UK
- Sport Science and Medicine Department, Crystal Palace FC, London SE25 6PU, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Tanguy Serenari
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (SEP, EA 7370), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), 75012 Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Brasy
- Nutrition Department Lactalis Recherche et Développement, 35134 Retiers, France
| | - Mathilde Guerville
- Nutrition Department Lactalis Recherche et Développement, 35134 Retiers, France
| | - Amandine Ligneul
- Nutrition Department Lactalis Recherche et Développement, 35134 Retiers, France
| | - Xavier Bigard
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (SEP, EA 7370), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), 75012 Paris, France
- Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), 121860 Aigle, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mathieu B, Robineau J, Piscione J, Babault N. Concurrent Training Programming: The Acute Effects of Sprint Interval Exercise on the Subsequent Strength Training. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10050075. [PMID: 35622484 PMCID: PMC9145373 DOI: 10.3390/sports10050075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise modality has been proposed to reduce the interferences between aerobic and resistance sessions during concurrent training. The aim of the study was to examine the acute effects of cycling or running sprint interval exercise on subsequent resistance training sessions. Twenty-five competitive male rugby union players were recruited. Players were tested during three conditions: CONTROL (resistance training session only), CYCLE and RUN (corresponding to a concurrent training scheme with cycling or running sprint interval exercise conducted on the morning, followed by a resistance training session). Four hours rest was proposed between the aerobic and resistance training session. Muscle performance (bar velocity during bench press and box squat, counter movement jump height) and subjective ratings (rate of perceived exertion, wellbeing) were assessed during and after aerobic or resistance training sessions. No significant difference was observed for muscle performance (vertical jump height and bar velocity). However, significant higher perceived exertion and low-value scaled subjective wellbeing were observed in RUN (7.7 ± 1.1 and 17.9 ± 4.1, respectively) as compared with the two other conditions (6.7 ± 1.5 and 21.1 ± 3.6 for CONTROL and 7.4 ± 1.1 and 20.1 ± 3.9 for CYCLE). It was concluded that the exercise modality (running or cycling) during the aerobic exercise using a sprint interval exercise did not impact the quality of the resistance session. However, subjective ratings were affected the following days. Cycling exercises might be more adequate when performing a sprint interval training session during concurrent training programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Mathieu
- French Rugby Union Federation, 3-5 rue Jean de Montaigu, 91463 Marcoussis, France; (B.M.); (J.R.); (J.P.)
- Center for Performance Expertise, CAPS, U1093 INSERM, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 3 Allée des Stades Universitaires, BP 27877, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Julien Robineau
- French Rugby Union Federation, 3-5 rue Jean de Montaigu, 91463 Marcoussis, France; (B.M.); (J.R.); (J.P.)
| | - Julien Piscione
- French Rugby Union Federation, 3-5 rue Jean de Montaigu, 91463 Marcoussis, France; (B.M.); (J.R.); (J.P.)
| | - Nicolas Babault
- Center for Performance Expertise, CAPS, U1093 INSERM, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 3 Allée des Stades Universitaires, BP 27877, 21078 Dijon, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-380396743
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lentin G, Cumming S, Piscione J, Pezery P, Bouchouicha M, Gadea J, Raymond JJ, Duché P, Gavarry O. A Comparison of an Alternative Weight-Grading Model Against Chronological Age Group Model for the Grouping of Schoolboy Male Rugby Players. Front Physiol 2021; 12:670720. [PMID: 34177618 PMCID: PMC8223073 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.670720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Concerns regarding marked differences in the weights and body composition of young rugby players competing within the same age groups have led to the suggestion of alternative models for grouping young players. The aims of this study were (1) to compare variance in the body size and body composition of schoolboy rugby players (9 to 14 years), across weight- and age-grading models, and (2) to identify morphotypes for the weight model using Hattori’s body composition chart. Materials and Methods Skinfold thickness measurements were used to assess body fat mass (BF), fat-free mass (FFM), body fat mass index (BFMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Standardized measure of height and weight were taken for all participants. Data were grouped according to the age categories of the French Rugby Federation (U11: Under 11 years, U13: Under 13 years, and U15: Under 15 years), and to the weight categories (W30–44.9; W45–59.9; and W60–79.9) carried out from 25th and 75th weight percentile in each age category. Body mass index status (NW normal-weight versus OW/OB overweight/obese) was considered. Extreme morphotypes are characterized from BFMI and FFMI in the weight-grading model on Hattori’s body composition chart. Results The dispersion of anthropometric characteristics decreased significantly for the weight model, except for height in all groups and BFMI for U13. Among NW, 3, 1.8, and 0% upgraded; 18.2, 68.7, and 45.5% downgraded; among OW, 50, 21.5, and 12.5%; and among OB, 91.3, 83.3, and 74.6% upgraded, respectively, in U11, U13, U15. FFMI/BFMI were correlated in U11 (r = 0.80, p < 0.001), U13 (r = 0.66, p < 0.001), and U15 (r = 0.77, p < 0.001). There was no significant correlation in W45–59.9 and low correlations in W30–44.9 (r = 0.25, p < 0.001) and W60–79.9 (r = 0.29, p < 0.001). Significant grading difference between the centroids (p < 0.05) and the distribution deviates from centroids of BFMI and FFMI (p < 0.0001) were noted between the two models. Thirteen players were located in adipo-slender, twenty-three in adipo-solid, twenty-two in lean-slender, and two located in the lean-solid morphotype in weight model. Conclusion A weight-grading model should be considered to limit mismatches in anthropometric variables. However, variations of body composition also persisted for this model. Hattori’s body composition chart allowed more detailed examination of morphological atypicalities among schoolboy rugby players.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Lentin
- Research Unit "Impact of Physical Activity on Health" (IAPS n° 201723207F), University of Toulon, Toulon, France
| | - Sean Cumming
- Department of Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Piscione
- Department of Performance, French Rugby Federation, Marcoussis, France
| | - Patrick Pezery
- Research Unit "Impact of Physical Activity on Health" (IAPS n° 201723207F), University of Toulon, Toulon, France
| | - Moez Bouchouicha
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LIS, Marseille, France
| | - José Gadea
- Ligue Sud Provence-Alpes Côte d'Azur de Rugby, Le Pradet, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Raymond
- Research Unit "Impact of Physical Activity on Health" (IAPS n° 201723207F), University of Toulon, Toulon, France.,Sport Medicine and Traumatology Unit, CHITS, Toulon, France
| | - Pascale Duché
- Research Unit "Impact of Physical Activity on Health" (IAPS n° 201723207F), University of Toulon, Toulon, France
| | - Olivier Gavarry
- Research Unit "Impact of Physical Activity on Health" (IAPS n° 201723207F), University of Toulon, Toulon, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chéradame J, Piscione J, Carling C, Guinoiseau JP, Dufour B, Jacqmin-Gadda H, Decq P. Incidence and Risk Factors in Concussion Events: A 5-Season Study in the French Top 14 Rugby Union Championship. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:1921-1928. [PMID: 33861663 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211006480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concussions are a source of major concern in rugby, and a limited number of studies have attempted to identify risk factors for these injuries. PURPOSE To investigate the incidence of match concussion and associated risk factors, including individual workload, anthropometric variables, playing position, and season phase, in elite rugby union players. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study; Level of evidence 3. METHODS All concussions and explanatory variables were collected for every match over 5 consecutive seasons (2014-2018) in 1334 professional players participating in the French Top 14 championship. Concussion risk was estimated using mixed effects Poisson regression. RESULTS Mean match concussion incidence equated to 10.4 (95% CI, 9.3-11.5) concussions for 1000 hours of game exposure. A peak was reached in the 2016-2017 season (13.7; 95% CI, 11.0-16.5). A greater risk was observed in the playoffs as compared with the first phase of the season (incidence rate ratio, 3.96; 95% CI, 2.10-7.35). In comparison with other positions, half-backs incurred the highest rate of concussion events (incidence, 16.1; 95% CI, 11.8-20.3). Irrespective of playing position, those with greater height and lower body mass reported a higher risk of concussions (P = .02), especially during tackling actions for lighter players (P = .01) and during other match events for taller players (P = .03). When adjusted for season phase, players who had accumulated a higher amount of playing time since the beginning of the season demonstrated a lower risk of concussion (P = .005). CONCLUSION Inter- and intraseasonal variations in concussion rates were observed. Within positional groups, lighter and taller players were more at risk, with the highest incidence generally observed in half-backs. Workload was measured by the number of matches played before a concussion event, and it appeared to have a protective rather than deleterious effect on concussion risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Chéradame
- Research Department, French Rugby Union Federation, Marcoussis, France
| | - Julien Piscione
- Research Department, French Rugby Union Federation, Marcoussis, France
| | | | | | - Bernard Dufour
- Medical Department, French National Rugby League, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Jacqmin-Gadda
- Université de Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health U1219, ISPED, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Decq
- Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Métiers ParisTech et Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Beaujon, Neurochirurgie, Clichy, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dechambre X, Carling C, Mrozek S, Pillard F, Decq P, Piscione J, Yrondi A, Brauge D. What Is the Impact of Physical Effort on the Diagnosis of Concussion? Clin J Sport Med 2021; 31:e144-e149. [PMID: 31219927 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sport-related concussion commonly occurs in contact sports such as rugby. To date, diagnosis is based on the realization of clinical tests conducted pitch-side. Yet, the potential effect of prior physical effort on the results of these tests remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether preceding physical effort can influence the outcome of concussion assessments. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING University Medicine Center. PATIENTS A cohort of 40 subjects (20 rugby players and 20 athletes from a range of sports). INTERVENTION A concussion assessment was performed immediately after physical activity. After a period of 6 months and under the same experimental conditions, the same cohort performed the same tests in resting conditions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Results of concussion tests. RESULTS In both cohorts, the comparison for postexercise and rest assessments demonstrated a most likely moderate-to-very large increase in the number of symptoms, severity of symptoms, and balance error scoring system score. In the rugby cohort, scores for concentration, delayed memory and standardized assessment of concussion (SAC), likely-to-most likely decreased following completion of physical activity compared with baseline values. The between-cohort comparison reported a most likely greater impact after exercise in the rugby players for delayed recall (0.73 ± 0.61) and SAC score (0.75 ± 0.41). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity altered the results of concussion diagnostic tests in athletes from a range of sports and notably in rugby players. Therefore, physical efforts before the concussion incident should be accounted for during pitch-side assessments and particularly during rugby competition and training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Dechambre
- Department of General Medicine, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Christopher Carling
- Institute of Coaching and Performance, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Ségolène Mrozek
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Fabien Pillard
- Department of Exploration of Respiratory Function and Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Decq
- Department of Neurosurgery, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital of Beaujon, Clichy, France
| | - Julien Piscione
- Research Department, French Rugby Union Federation, Marcoussis, France
| | - Antoine Yrondi
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France; and
| | - David Brauge
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Robineau J, Marrier B, Le Meur Y, Piscione J, Peeters A, Lacome M. "Road to Rio": A Case Study of Workload Periodization Strategy in Rugby-7s During an Olympic Season. Front Sports Act Living 2020; 1:72. [PMID: 33344995 PMCID: PMC7739607 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2019.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this manuscript was to examine the periodization strategy of an international Rugby-7s team during an Olympic season. Training load data were collected in 14 elite male players over a 48-week period during the 2015–2016 Olympic season. The season consisted of 3 macrocycles including: preseason (12-weak duration), in-season (25-weak) fragmented into four 4–7 weeks mesocycles (In-1–4) and the final preparation for the Rio 2016 Olympic Games (Olympic preparation, 11-weak). External training load (TL) such as the total distance (TD), the high-intensity distance (HID) and the number of accelerations performed, was monitored in training and competition over the entire duration of the season using a global positioning system (GPS) devices. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was multiplied by the session duration (min) to provide an internal TL (session-RPE) value for all training sessions and competitions. The Olympic preparation may enable planning of higher external TL compared to the preseason (TD, 21 ± 13%, moderate; total accelerations, 27 ± 4%, moderate) whereas no difference was observed for internal TL values between these two periods. High-intensity distance (HID) and internal TL (session-RPE) were lower (−11.0 ± 7.8%, small and −38 ± 3%, moderate, respectively) during the in-season compared to preseason. Internal TL, TD as well as HID were lower in the third in-season mesocycle (In-3) compared with the first in-season mesocycle (In-1) (−25 ± 12%, moderate; −32 ± 4%, moderate; −49 ± 8%, moderate, respectively). The staff managed the workload considering the in-season as the main part of the “Road to Rio.” The strategy to reduce the workload at the middle of the season and to induce weeks of regeneration at the end of the in-season was highlighted by the training availability of 100% of the squad at the beginning of the Olympic preparation. The workload periodization strategy of an Olympic season differs from the strategy previously described during a non-Olympic season.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Robineau
- Research Department, Fédération Française de Rugby, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Marrier
- EA6312 Laboratoire de Motricité Humaine Expertise, Sport, Santé, Université de Toulon, Nice, France
| | - Yann Le Meur
- EA6312 Laboratoire de Motricité Humaine Expertise, Sport, Santé, Université de Toulon, Nice, France
| | - Julien Piscione
- Research Department, Fédération Française de Rugby, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Peeters
- Research Department, Fédération Française de Rugby, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Lacome
- Performance Department, Paris Saint-Germain F.C., Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ramírez-López C, Till K, Boyd A, Bennet M, Piscione J, Bradley S, Giuliano P, Leduc C, Jones B. Coopetition: cooperation among competitors to enhance applied research and drive innovation in elite sport. Br J Sports Med 2020; 55:bjsports-2020-102901. [PMID: 32747407 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ramírez-López
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Leeds, UK
- Yorkshire Carnegie Rugby Union Football Club, Leeds, UK
| | - Kevin Till
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Rhinos Rugby League club, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Mark Bennet
- Rugby Union of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Rugby Football Union, London, UK
| | | | - Sam Bradley
- English Institute of Sport, Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Welsh Rugby Union, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Cedric Leduc
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Ben Jones
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Rhinos Rugby League club, Leeds, UK
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Girard O, Racinais S, Couderc A, Morin JB, Ryu JH, Piscione J, Brocherie F. Asymmetries during repeated treadmill sprints in elite female Rugby Sevens players. Sports Biomech 2020:1-11. [DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2020.1767188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Girard
- Exercise and Sport Science Department, School of Human Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Research and Scientific Support Department, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sébastien Racinais
- Research and Scientific Support Department, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | - Franck Brocherie
- Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance, French Institute of Sport, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Aloulou A, Leduc C, Duforez F, Piscione J, Cheradame J, Bieuzen F, Thomas C, Chennaoui M, VAN Beers P, Nedelec M. Effect of an Innovative Mattress and Cryotherapy on Sleep after an Elite Rugby Match. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:2655-2662. [PMID: 32472928 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to explore the relationship between elite rugby union match and postmatch sleep architecture and to investigate the effects of a high-heat capacity mattress (MAT) and a whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) session on postmatch sleep architecture. METHODS Nineteen elite male U23 rugby union players performed in three official matches, followed by three experimental conditions, in a randomized order: MAT, WBC, and no intervention (CONT). Match load was evaluated using GPS trackers and video analyses. Sleep architecture was assessed by polysomnography (PSG). Core body temperature (CBT) and mattress surface temperature were monitored during sleep. Linear mixed-effects models were conducted to assess the effects of each experimental condition on sleep, with match load variables as covariates. RESULTS A lower wake after sleep onset (β = -10.5 min, P < 0.01) and higher rapid eye movement sleep proportion (β = +2.8%, P < 0.05) were reported for MAT compared with CONT. Moreover, lower mean CBT (β = -0.135°C, P < 0.001) and mean mattress surface temperature (β = -2.736°C, P < 0.001) during sleep were observed for MAT compared CONT. WBC did not affect nocturnal CBT nor interfere with sleep architecture. For every 100-m increase in high-speed running distance, a higher slow wave sleep (β = +1.1%, P = 0.05) and lower light sleep proportion (β = -1.2%, P < 0.05) proportion were observed. Conversely, for every 10 supplementary collisions, lower slow wave sleep (β = -1.9, P = 0.09) and higher light sleep (β = +2.9%, P < 0.001) proportion were observed. CONCLUSION MAT use had a positive effect on sleep architecture after an elite rugby union match, potentially through a more efficient nocturnal heat transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anis Aloulou
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, FRANCE
| | - Cédric Leduc
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Center, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Julien Piscione
- Research Department, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, FRANCE
| | - Jeremy Cheradame
- Research Department, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, FRANCE
| | | | | | | | | | - Mathieu Nedelec
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, FRANCE
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Peeters A, Carling C, Piscione J, Lacome M. In-Match Physical Performance Fluctuations in International Rugby Sevens Competition. J Sports Sci Med 2019; 18:419-426. [PMID: 31427863 PMCID: PMC6683621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is widely recognised that the physical demands in rugby sevens are high especially in comparison to the 15-aside version. The aim of this study was to assess fluctuations in physical performance (running and contact loads) in international rugby sevens competition. Altogether, 32 matches played by an international team in the HSBC World Sevens Series were analyzed (63 match-observations). Players wore a validated GPS device (SensorEverywhere, France) sampling at 16Hz while an operator coded every contact action (tackles, collisions, mauls, scrums) using video analysis software (SportsCode, USA). Running load was assessed using total distance travelled (m), individually determined high-speed distance (covered at velocities > maximal aerobic speed, m) and very-high speed distance (covered at velocities > 85% maximal sprinting speed, m). The frequency of accelerations (actions > 2.5 m·s-2) and high-intensity actions (HIA, sum of high-velocity runs, accelerations and contact-related actions, n) were also calculated. A magnitude-based inferential approach to statistics was adopted and effect sizes quantified. Findings showed: 1) a small decrease in high-speed distance and number of accelerations performed during the second- versus the first-half of play suggesting a decline in running performance. (2) a moderately higher total distance and high-speed distance covered during the first and final 1-min period compared to the average for other 1-min periods, suggesting a specific reverse 'J-shape' pacing profile 3) a most likely decrease in total distance, high-speed running, and to a lesser extent the number of accelerations declined following the peak 1-min period of the game. These findings provide pertinent information on changes in running performance over the course of international sevens and have implications for physical conditioning strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Peeters
- Performance Department, Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France
| | - Christopher Carling
- Performance Department, Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France
- Institute of Coaching & Performance, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Julien Piscione
- Performance Department, Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Durguerian A, Piscione J, Mathieu B, Lacome M. Integrating Strength and Power Development in the Long-Term Athletic Development of Young Rugby Union Players: Methodological and Practical Applications. Strength Cond J 2019. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
19
|
Leduc C, Jones B, Robineau J, Piscione J, Lacome M. Sleep Quality and Quantity of International Rugby Sevens Players During Pre-season. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 33:1878-1886. [PMID: 30789579 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Leduc, C, Jones, B, Robineau, J, Piscione, J, and Lacome, M. Sleep quality and quantity of international rugby sevens players during pre-season. J Strength Cond Res 33(7): 1878-1886, 2019-The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of training load on objective and subjective sleep measures among elite rugby sevens players during pre-season. Nine international male rugby sevens players participated in this study. Actigraphic and subjective sleep assessment were performed on a daily basis to measure sleep parameters. Training load was measured during the entire pre-season period, and sleep data from the highest and lowest training load week were used in the analysis through magnitude-based inferences. During the highest training load, likely to possibly small, moderate decreases in time in bed (effect sizes; ±90% confidence limits: -0.42; ±0.44 for session rating of perceived exertion [sRPE], -0.69; ±0.71 for total distance covered [TDC]) and total sleep time (-0.20; ±0.37 for sRPE, -0.23; ±0.35 for TDC) were found. Possibly small (-0.21; ±0.35 for high-speed distance, -0.52; ±0.73 for acceleration/deceleration [A/D]) and likely moderate (-074; ±0.67 for TDC) decreases were observed in subjective sleep quality. Possibly small to very likely moderate changes in sleep schedule were observed. Sleep quantity and subjective quality seem to be deteriorated during higher loads of training. This study highlights the necessity to monitor and improve sleep among elite rugby sevens players, especially for the intense period of training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Leduc
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Research Department, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Ben Jones
- Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Yorkshire Carnegie Rugby Union Football Club, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, Leeds, UK.,The Rugby Football League, Leeds, UK
| | - Julien Robineau
- Research Department, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Julien Piscione
- Research Department, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Mathieu Lacome
- Research Department, French Rugby Federation (FFR), Marcoussis, France.,Performance Department, Paris Saint-Germain FC, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang D, Mahe G, Fang J, Piscione J, Couvet S, Retiere D, Laporte S, Vidal PP. Collaborative sensorimotor intelligence: the scrum as a model. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2019; 4:e000407. [PMID: 30687510 PMCID: PMC6326315 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Using M-Rex, a rugby scrum simulator, we developed tools to describe scrummaging forces and to prevent accident. Methods We tested three groups of frontliners at national level. The simulator was passive or responded to the player(s) to simulate the reaction of opposite players. Sensors in the beam measured the force exerted by each of the players. Their movements were recorded with a Codamotion system. Results The force signals exhibited two phases: a transient phase, similar to a damped sinusoid with a dominant frequency around 5 Hz when the players scrummaged alone and with a wider range when playing together; then, a sustained phase could be decomposed in two components: a DC component remained stable whether frontliners played alone or together. In contrast, its variability decreased when the frontliners played together compared with when they played alone. As for the oscillations, the frontliners exhibited a large variability in their ability to synchronise their efforts during the sustained phase. The synchronisation between the hooker and the props was quite efficient, while it was always missing between two props. Finally, we were able to study postural readjustments and their synchronisation among players during the sustained phase. Conclusion This study shows that by using adequate methods, it is possible to assess the frontline collective intelligence. These findings may pave the way for innovative methods of training to improve players' collective behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danping Wang
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Zhejiang, China.,Plateforme d'étude de la Sensorimotricité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Gaël Mahe
- UFR de mathématiques et informatique, LIPADE, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Junying Fang
- Faculté des sciences fondamentales et biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Sébastien Laporte
- LBM/Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Metiers ParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Paul Vidal
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Zhejiang, China.,COGNition and ACtion Group (COGNAC-G), Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR-MD, SSA, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Couderc A, Gabbett TJ, Piscione J, Robineau J, Peeters A, Igarza G, Thomas C, Hanon C, Lacome M. Repeated High-Intensity Effort Activity in International Male Rugby Sevens. J Strength Cond Res 2019:00124278-990000000-00238. [PMID: 30676389 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Couderc, A, Gabbett, TJ, Piscione, J, Robineau, J, Peeters, A, Igarza, G, Thomas, C, Hanon, C, and Lacome, M. Repeated high-intensity effort activity in international male Rugby Sevens. J Strength Cond Res 35(6): 1720-1726, 2023-Rugby Sevens is characterized by repeated high-intensity accelerations, sprinting, and collisions, commonly referred to as repeated high-intensity effort (RHIE) activity. Although repeated acceleration and sprinting activity of Rugby Sevens has been investigated, to date, no study has investigated the repeated running and collision activity of international Rugby Sevens during competitive events. In this study, 15 elite players competed in 44 matches during the HSBC World Sevens Series. Global positioning systems and match analysis software were used to quantify the frequency of repeated running and collision efforts. High acceleration (≥2.5 m·s -2 ), high speed (above maximal aerobic speed), sprint (above 85% of maximal sprint speed), and collision efforts (tackles, ruck, and contact) were considered as high-intensity effort activities. An RHIE bout was defined as 3 or more high-intensity efforts with less than 21 seconds recovery between efforts. The difference between positional groups (forward and backs) and first and second halves was compared using magnitude-based inferential statistics. One hundred twelve individual match observations were analyzed. On average, players performed 27 high-intensity effort events across the game. The distribution of high-intensity efforts included the following: 37% collisions, 34% accelerations, 27.5% high-velocity running, and 1.5% sprints. An average of 3.7 RHIE bouts was performed per player. The difference in high-intensity efforts and number of RHIE bouts performed were trivial/small when compared between first and second halves, and between forward and back positional groups. Repeated high-intensity effort bouts play an important role in the activity profile of elite Rugby Sevens players. This study could provide a framework for performance analysts and coaches to analyze match-related performance of elite Rugby Sevens players, taking into account both the high-intensity running and collision components of the game. Coaches should implement training interventions to ensure the maintenance of RHIE performance during competitive events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Couderc
- Research Department, French Rugby Union (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Tim J Gabbett
- Gabbett Performance Solutions, Brisbane, Australia
- University of Southern Queensland, Institute for Resilient Regions, Ipswich, Australia
| | - Julien Piscione
- Research Department, French Rugby Union (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Julien Robineau
- Research Department, French Rugby Union (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Alexis Peeters
- Research Department, French Rugby Union (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Germain Igarza
- Research Department, French Rugby Union (FFR), Marcoussis, France
| | - Claire Thomas
- Sport Expertise and Performance Laboratory (EA7370), French National Institute of Sports (INSEP), Paris, France
| | | | - Mathieu Lacome
- Performance Department, Paris Saint Germain Football Club (PSG), Saint Germain-en-Laye, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Marrier B, Le Meur Y, Leduc C, Piscione J, Lacome M, Igarza G, Hausswirth C, Morin JB, Robineau J. Training Periodization Over an Elite Rugby Sevens Season: From Theory to Practice. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2019; 14:113-121. [PMID: 29952634 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the training periodization in rugby sevens players competing in the World Rugby Sevens Series during a non-Olympic season. METHODS Workload data were collected over a 33-wk period in 12 male players participating in a full competitive season. Workload was quantified using session rating of perceived exertion and global positioning system-derived data during training and competition. Self-reported well-being was assessed using a questionnaire. Each variable was analyzed weekly and through 5 mesocycles (preseason, in-season 1-4), each of which ended with competition blocks. RESULTS The perceived load decreased throughout the season for the full squad (-68% [26%] between preseason and final competitive block, large effect) and when unavailable players were removed from the analysis (-38% [42%], moderate). Weekly perceived load was highly variable, with a typical periodization in 4 phases during each mesocycle (regeneration, training overload, taper, and competition). During the preseason, the workload was higher during the overload training phase than during the competitive period (range: +23% to +59%, large to very large, for the distance covered above individual maximal aerobic speed and the number of accelerations). This observation no longer persisted during the season. The well-being score decreased almost certainly from in-season 3 (moderate). CONCLUSIONS These results highlighted the apparent difficulty in maintaining high-load training periods throughout the season in players engaged on the World Rugby Sevens Series despite ∼4-7 training weeks separating each competitive block. This observation was likely explained by the difficulties inherent to the World Rugby Sevens Series (risk of contact injury, calendar, and multiple long-haul travel episodes) and potentially by limited squad-rotation policies.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang D, Mahe G, Fang J, Piscione J, Couvet S, Retiere D, Laporte S, Vidal PP. Inconsistent anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) in rugby players: a source of injuries? BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2018; 4:e000303. [PMID: 29955372 PMCID: PMC6018848 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We are developing since 2010 with Thales and the Fédération Française de Rugby (FFR) M-Rex, a new kind of rugby scrum simulator. The study questioned whether it could improve safety and protect players from injury by using it as a tool for training/coaching the packs. Aim To explore the anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) during the engagement of the ruck, because these predictive neck and back muscles contractions protect the spinal cord at the time of impacts, which is crucial to prevent injuries. Methods We quantified the kinematics and the EMG activities in high-level front row players during their initial engagement, when scrummaging with M-Rex. All studies were performed with one player interacting with the robot, at first, and then with the three players acting together. Results For most of the tested high-level players, the APA latencies were highly variable from trial to trial even though the engagement resulted in similar impacts. At time, the onset of the electromyography activity in the neck and back muscles showed latencies inferior to 50 ms or even close to zero prior to the impact, which rendered muscle contractions inefficient as APAs. We were also unable to identify clear muscular synergies underlying the APAs because of their great variability on a trial-to-trial basis. Finally, the APAs were not related to the amplitude of the ensuing impact and were asymmetric in most trials. All these characteristics held true, whether the player was playing alone or with two other frontline players. Conclusion Our result suggest that APAs should be systematically tested in high-level rugby players as well as in any high-level sport men at risk of neck and back injuries. Because APAs can be efficiently trained, our study paves the way to design individual position-specific injury prevention programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danping Wang
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Zhejiang, China
- Plateforme d’étude de la Sensorimotricité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Gael Mahe
- UFR de mathématiques et informatique–LIPADE, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Junying Fang
- Faculté des sciences fondamentales et biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Sébastien Laporte
- LBM/Institut de Biomécanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Metiers ParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Paul Vidal
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Zhejiang, China
- COGNition and ACtion Group (COGNAC-G), Université Paris Descartes–CNRS UMR-MD–SSA, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gavarry O, Lentin G, Pezery P, Delextrat A, Chaumet G, Boussuges A, Piscione J. A Cross-Sectional Study Assessing the Contributions of Body Fat Mass and Fat-Free Mass to Body Mass Index Scores in Male Youth Rugby Players. Sports Med Open 2018; 4:17. [PMID: 29721761 PMCID: PMC5931949 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-018-0130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background In some sports such as rugby, a large body size is an advantage, and the desire to gain weight can bring young players to become overweight or obese. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the contribution of body fat mass index (BFMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) to body mass index (BMI) changes among young male rugby players (15-a-side rugby). Methods The criteria of the International Obesity Task Force were used to define overweight and obesity from BMI. The method of skinfold thickness was used to assess percentage of body fat (%BF), BFMI, and FFMI. Excess body fat was defined by using BFMI and %BF above the 75th percentile. Data were grouped according to the age categories of the French Rugby Federation (U11, under 11 years; U13, under 13 years; U15, under 15 years) and to BMI status (NW normal-weight versus OW/OB overweight/obese). Results Overall, 32.8% of the young players were overweight, and 13.8% were obese. However, 53% of young players classified as obese and overweight by BMI had an excess body fat by using BFMI above the 75th percentile. FFMI increased significantly between U11 and U13 in both groups, without significant change in BMI and BFMI. Both groups had similar significant gains in BMI and FFMI between U13 and U15, while BFMI only increased significantly in OW/OB (+ 18.5%). The strong correlations between BMI and %BF were systematically lower than those between BMI and BFMI. FFMI was strongly or moderately associated with BFMI. Conclusions Chart analysis of BFMI and FFMI could be used to distinguish changes in body composition across age categories in young male rugby players classified as normal-weight, overweight, and obese by BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Gavarry
- UFR STAPS, Université de Toulon, BP 20132, 83957, La Garde Cedex, France.
| | - Gregory Lentin
- UMR MD2 Dysoxie-Suractivité, IFR Jean Roche, Faculté de Médecine, Université Aix-Marseille, France-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Patrick Pezery
- UFR STAPS, Université de Toulon, BP 20132, 83957, La Garde Cedex, France
| | - Anne Delextrat
- Sport and Health Science Department, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Alain Boussuges
- UMR MD2 Dysoxie-Suractivité, IFR Jean Roche, Faculté de Médecine, Université Aix-Marseille, France-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Julien Piscione
- Département Recherche et Développement, Fédération Française de Rugby, 3-5 rue Jean de Montaigu, 91463, Marcoussis, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lentin G, Piscione J, De Falco G, Pesery P, Boussuges A, Gavarry O. Identification du morphotype des jeunes joueurs de rugby à partir du modèle Hattori. Sci Sports 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
26
|
Carling CJ, Lacome M, Flanagan E, O’Doherty P, Piscione J. Exposure time, running and skill-related performance in international u20 rugby union players during an intensified tournament. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186874. [PMID: 29136039 PMCID: PMC5685587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated exposure time, running and skill-related performance in two international u20 rugby union teams during an intensified tournament: the 2015 Junior World Rugby Championship. METHOD Both teams played 5 matches in 19 days. Analyses were conducted using global positioning system (GPS) tracking (Viper 2™, Statsports Technologies Ltd) and event coding (Opta Pro®). RESULTS Of the 62 players monitored, 36 (57.1%) participated in 4 matches and 23 (36.5%) in all 5 matches while player availability for selection was 88%. Analyses of team running output (all players completing >60-min play) showed that the total and peak 5-minute high metabolic load distances covered were likely-to-very likely moderately higher in the final match compared to matches 1 and 2 in back and forward players. In individual players with the highest match-play exposure (participation in >75% of total competition playing time and >75-min in each of the final 3 matches), comparisons of performance in matches 4 and 5 versus match 3 (three most important matches) reported moderate-to-large decreases in total and high metabolic load distance in backs while similar magnitude reductions occurred in high-speed distance in forwards. In contrast, skill-related performance was unchanged, albeit with trivial and unclear changes, while there were no alterations in either total or high-speed running distance covered at the end of matches. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that despite high availability for selection, players were not over-exposed to match-play during an intensified u20 international tournament. They also imply that the teams coped with the running and skill-related demands. Similarly, individual players with the highest exposure to match-play were also able to maintain skill-related performance and end-match running output (despite an overall reduction in the latter). These results support the need for player rotation and monitoring of performance, recovery and intervention strategies during intensified tournaments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Carling
- Institute of Coaching and Performance, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
- Research Department, French Rugby Union, Marcoussis, France
| | - Mathieu Lacome
- Research Department, French Rugby Union, Marcoussis, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Eamon Flanagan
- Irish Rugby Football Union, Fitness Department, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Robineau J, Babault N, Piscione J, Lacome M, Bigard AX. Specific Training Effects of Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Exercises Depend on Recovery Duration. J Strength Cond Res 2016; 30:672-83. [PMID: 25546450 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether the duration (0, 6, or 24 hours) of recovery between strength and aerobic sequences influences the responses to a concurrent training program. Fifty-eight amateur rugby players were randomly assigned to control (CONT), concurrent training (C-0h, C-6h, or C-24h), or strength training (STR) groups during a 7-week training period. Two sessions of each quality were proposed each week with strength always performed before aerobic training. Neuromuscular and aerobic measurements were performed before and immediately after the overall training period. Data were assessed for practical significance using magnitude-based inference. Gains in maximal strength for bench press and half squat were lower in C-0h compared with that in C-6h, C-24h, and STR. The maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) during isokinetic knee extension at 60°·s(-1) was likely higher for C-24h compared with C-0h. Changes in MVC at 180°·s(-1) was likely higher in C-24h and STR than in C-0h and C-6h. Training-induced gains in isometric MVC for C-0h, C-6h, C-24h, and STR were unclear. V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak increased in C-0h, C-6h, and C-24h. Training-induced changes in V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak were higher in C-24h than in C-0h and C-6h. Our study emphasized that the interference on strength development depends on the recovery delay between the 2 sequences. Daily training without a recovery period between sessions (C-0h) and, to a lesser extent, training twice a day (C-6h), is not optimal for neuromuscular and aerobic improvements. Fitness coaches should avoid scheduling 2 contradictory qualities, with less than 6-hour recovery between them to obtain full adaptive responses to concurrent training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Robineau
- 1French Federation of Rugby Union, Department of research and development, Marcoussis, France; 2INSERM U1093, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Dijon, France; 3Center for performance and expertise, Dijon, France; and 4French Antidoping Agency, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
This study investigated end-game and transient changes in running activities and whether these were concomitantly associated with reductions in skill-related performance in senior international rugby union match-play. Altogether, 18 official matches were analysed (322 individual observations) using computerised video-based tracking and event coding (Amisco Pro®, SUP, Nice, France). In forwards and backs, trivial to small reductions (% difference: -2.1, ±1.3 to -10.0, ±4.0%) in total distance and that covered at high speeds (>18.0 km h-1) occurred in the second- versus the first-half while there were trivial differences in skill-related performance measures (-2.3, ±4.5 to 7.5, ±14.0%). In both positions, small to moderate declines (-42, ±10 to -21, ±7%) occurred in high-speed running in the final 10-min and 5-min periods versus mean values for all other 10-min and 5-min periods throughout the game while only small changes (-18, ±51 to 13, ±41%) in skill-related performance were observed. Trivial changes in running and skill-related performance (-11, ±74 to 7, ±39%) were observed in the 5-min period immediately following the most intense 5-minute periods of play compared to mean performance over the other 5-min periods. These findings suggest that international rugby union players were generally able to maintain skill-related performance over the course of match-play even when declines in running performance occurred.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lacome
- a Research Department , French Rugby Union , Marcoussis , France
| | - Julien Piscione
- a Research Department , French Rugby Union , Marcoussis , France
| | | | - Chris Carling
- b Institute of Coaching and Performance , University of Central Lancashire , Preston , UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Quarrie KL, Raftery M, Blackie J, Cook CJ, Fuller CW, Gabbett TJ, Gray AJ, Gill N, Hennessy L, Kemp S, Lambert M, Nichol R, Mellalieu SD, Piscione J, Stadelmann J, Tucker R. Managing player load in professional rugby union: a review of current knowledge and practices. Br J Sports Med 2016; 51:421-427. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
30
|
Reboursiere E, Bohu Y, Retière D, Sesboüé B, Pineau V, Colonna JP, Hager JP, Peyrin JC, Piscione J. Impact of the national prevention policy and scrum law changes on the incidence of rugby-related catastrophic cervical spine injuries in French Rugby Union. Br J Sports Med 2016; 52:674-677. [PMID: 27457796 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Catastrophic cervical spine injuries are rare in rugby union but require close monitoring. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence of severe cervical spine injuries and determine the impact of a national prevention programme and new scrum rules implemented by the French Rugby Union. METHODS A prospective study was performed between 2006 and 2013 including all players affiliated to the French Rugby Union. All cervical spine injuries resulting in death, tetraplegia or a permanent neurological deficit were included. Prevention programmes were implemented from 2007 to 2013 and a change in scrum rules in 2010. To measure the impact of rule changes, results between 2006-2010 and 2010-2013 were compared using a Poisson regression. RESULTS Altogether, 31 injuries were observed and the mean annual incidence was 1.6 per 100 000 players. There were significantly more injuries in senior players compared to junior players (3.5 vs 0.6 per 100 000 players; CI 95% (2.1 to 4.9) vs (0.1 to 1.0)). Incidence decreased from 1.8 in 2006 to 1.0 per 100 000 players in 2013 (p<0.0001). After 2010, there were significantly fewer injuries during scrums (p=0.02). In contrast, there were significantly more injuries in backs during 2010-2013 compared to 2006-2010 (p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of catastrophic cervical spine injuries has declined in French Rugby Union. The implementation of specific prevention programmes and scrum law changes has notably resulted in a decrease in scrum injuries in forwards. This prospective study should be continued to monitor the future progression of injuries and adapt prevention programmes accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Reboursiere
- Institut Régional de Médecine du Sport CHU Caen, Caen, France.,Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France
| | - Y Bohu
- Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France.,Clinique du Sport Paris V, Paris, France
| | - D Retière
- Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France
| | - B Sesboüé
- Institut Régional de Médecine du Sport CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - V Pineau
- Institut Régional de Médecine du Sport CHU Caen, Caen, France.,Clinique Médipôle Garonne, Toulouse, France
| | - J P Colonna
- Centre de Gestion Administratif Colonna, Paris, France
| | - J P Hager
- Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France.,Centre Orthopédique Santy, Lyon, France
| | - J C Peyrin
- Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France
| | - J Piscione
- Fédération Française de Rugby, Marcoussis, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Filliau C, Younes M, Blanchard AL, Piscione J, Van de Louw A, Seguret C, Israel J, Cottin F. Effect of "Touch Rugby" Training on the Cardiovascular Autonomic Control In Sedentary Subjects. Int J Sports Med 2015; 36:567-72. [PMID: 25781871 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1398648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of "touch-rugby" training on the cardiovascular autonomic control in sedentary subjects. 22 adults (30-64 years old) were included in this study. Before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the period of training, cardio-respiratory recordings were achieved at rest and during a graded maximal exercise on a treadmill. The Smoothed-Pseudo-Wigner-Ville Distribution provided instantaneous time frequency components of RR intervals and systolic blood pressure variability in low- and high-frequency bands. The baroreflex sensitivity was assessed in low-frequency and high-frequency bands. Between pre-test and post-test, resting heart rate (74±10 vs. 69±12 beats.min(-1), p<0.05) and systolic blood pressure (118±19 vs. 103±22 mm Hg, p<0.01) decreased. Root mean square of successive differences (34.6±30.1 vs. 47.6±34.8 ms, p<0.001), high-frequency RR variability (590±288 vs. 1262±767 ms², p<0.001) increased whereas low-frequency/high-frequency ratio decreased (3.5±3.4 vs. 1.5±0.9, p<0.05). The high-frequency baroreflex sensitivity increased (13.4±10.1 vs. 26.0±20.9 ms.mmHg(-1), p<0.05). Playing touch rugby with one session weekly over 3 months modified the cardiovascular autonomic control of sedentary subjects. A decrease in the sympathetic tone combined with both an increase in the vagal tone and a decrease in systolic blood pressure at rest were observed. Therefore, such training appears to be beneficial to cardiac health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Filliau
- Université Paris-Sud 1., Complexité, Innovation et Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS, EA 4532), Orsay, France
| | - M Younes
- Université d'Evry-val d'Essonne, STAPS, Evry, France
| | - A-L Blanchard
- Fédération française de rugby, Suivi sportif, Marcoussis, France
| | - J Piscione
- Fédération française de rugby, Suivi sportif, Marcoussis, France
| | - A Van de Louw
- College of Medicin, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, United States
| | - C Seguret
- Conseil general de l'Essonne, PDMS, Marcoussis, France
| | - J Israel
- Conseil general de l'Essonne, PDMS, Marcoussis, France
| | - F Cottin
- Université Paris-Sud 1., Complexité, Innovation et Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS, EA 4532), Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mabbott D, Riggs L, Piscione J, Laughlin S, Cunningham T, Timmons B, Courneya K, Bartels U, Skocic J, Liu F, Scantlebury N, Bouffet E. NC-10 * TRAINING THE BRAIN TO REPAIR ITSELF: AN EXERCISE TRIAL IN PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR SURVIVORS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou263.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
33
|
Boman KK, Hornquist L, Rickardsson J, Lannering B, Gustafsson G, Pitchford N, Davis E, Walker D, Hoang DH, Pagnier A, Cousin E, Guichardet K, Schiff I, Dubois-Teklali F, Krainik A, Lazar MB, Resnik K, Olsson IT, Perrin S, Burtscher IB, Lundgren J, Kahn A, Johanson A, Korzeniewska J, Dembowska-Baginska B, Perek-Polnik M, Walsh K, Gioia A, Wells E, Packer R, de Speville ED, Dufour C, Bolle S, Giraudat K, Longaud A, Kieffer V, Grill J, Puget S, Valteau-Couanet D, Hetz-Pannier L, Noulhiane M, Chieffo D, Tamburrini G, Caldarelli M, Di Rocco C, Margelisch K, Studer M, Steinlin M, Leibundgut K, Heinks T, Longaud-Vales A, Chevignard M, Dufour C, Grill J, Pujet S, Sainte-Rose C, Valteau-Couanet D, Dellatolas G, Kahalley L, Grosshans D, Paulino A, Ris MD, Chintagumpala M, Okcu F, Moore B, Stancel H, Minard C, Guffey D, Mahajan A, Herrington B, Raiker J, Manning E, Criddle J, Karlson C, Guerry W, Finlay J, Sands S, Dockstader C, Skocic J, Bouffet E, Laughlin S, Tabori U, Mabbott D, Moxon-Emre I, Scantlebury N, Taylor MD, Bouffet E, Malkin D, Laughlin S, Law N, Kumabe T, Leonard J, Rubin J, Jung S, Kim SK, Gupta N, Weiss W, Faria C, Vibhakar R, Spiegler B, Janzen L, Liu F, Decker L, Mabbott D, Lemiere J, Vercruysse T, Haers M, Vandenabeele K, Geuens S, Jacobs S, Van Gool S, Riggs L, Piscione J, Bouffet E, Timmons B, Laughlin S, Cunningham T, Bartels U, Skocic J, Liu F, Mabbott D, Riggs L, Bouffet E, Chakravarty M, Laughlin S, Laperriere N, Liu F, Skocic J, Pipitone J, Strother D, Hukin J, Fryer C, McConnell D, Mabbott D, Secco DE, Cappelletti S, Gentile S, Chieffo D, Cacchione A, Del Bufalo F, Staccioli S, Spagnoli A, Messina R, Carai A, Marras CE, Mastronuzzi A, Brinkman T, Armstrong G, Kimberg C, Gajjar A, Srivastava DK, Robison L, Hudson M, Krull K, Hardy K, Hostetter S, Hwang E, Walsh K, Leiss U, Bemmer A, Pletschko T, Grafeneder J, Schwarzinger A, Deimann P, Slavc I, Batchelder P, Wilkening G, Hankinson T, Foreman N, Handler M. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
34
|
Abstract
The objective of the study was to describe an original approach to assessing individual workload during international rugby union competitions. The difference between positional groups and between the two halves was explored. Sixty-seven files from 30 French international rugby union players were assessed on a computerised player-tracking system (Amisco Pro(®), Sport Universal Process, Nice, France) during five international games. Each player's action was split up into exercise and recovery periods according to his individual velocity threshold. Exercise-to-recovery (E:R) period ratios and acceleration were calculated. Results indicated that about 65% of exercise periods lasted less than 4 s; half of the E:Rs were less than 1:4, and about one-third ranged between 1 and 1:4 and about 40% of exercise periods were classified as medium intensity. Most acceleration values were less than 3 m·s(-2) and started from standing or walking activity. Back row players showed the highest mean acceleration values over the game (P < 0.05). No significant decrease in physical performance was seen between the first and second halves of the games except for back rows, who showed a significant decrease in mean acceleration (P < 0.05). The analysis of results emphasised the specific activity of back rows and tended to suggest that the players' combinations of action and recovery times were optimal for preventing large decrease in the physical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lacome
- a Research Department , French Rugby Union Federation (FFR) , Marcoussis , France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Saletti D, Chicoulaa G, Raszoudowsky M, Drevelle X, Piscione J, Retière D, Laporte S. Kinematic and dynamic responses of the scrum. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2013; 16 Suppl 1:204-5. [PMID: 23923910 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2013.815927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Saletti
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech, CNRS, LBM, 151 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Piscione J, Grosset JF, Gamet D, Pérot C. Are H-reflex and M-wave recruitment curve parameters related to aerobic capacity? Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2012; 37:990-6. [PMID: 22857019 DOI: 10.1139/h2012-078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Soleus Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) amplitude is affected by a training period and type and level of training are also well known to modify aerobic capacities. Previously, paired changes in H-reflex and aerobic capacity have been evidenced after endurance training. The aim of this study was to investigate possible links between H- and M-recruitment curve parameters and aerobic capacity collected on a cohort of subjects (56 young men) that were not involved in regular physical training. Maximal H-reflex normalized with respect to maximal M-wave (H(max)/M(max)) was measured as well as other parameters of the H- or M-recruitment curves that provide information about the reflex or direct excitability of the motoneuron pool, such as thresholds of stimulus intensity to obtain H or M response (H(th) and M(th)), the ascending slope of H-reflex, or M-wave recruitment curves (H(slp) and M(slp)) and their ratio (H(slp)/M(slp)). Aerobic capacity, i.e., maximal oxygen consumption and maximal aerobic power (MAP) were, respectively, estimated from a running field test and from an incremental test on a cycle ergometer. Maximal oxygen consumption was only correlated with M(slp), an indicator of muscle fiber heterogeneity (p < 0.05), whereas MAP was not correlated with any of the tested parameters (p > 0.05). Although higher H-reflex are often described for subjects with a high aerobic capacity because of endurance training, at a basic level (i.e., without training period context) no correlation was observed between maximal H-reflex and aerobic capacity. Thus, none of the H-reflex or M-wave recruitment curve parameters, except M(slp), was related to the aerobic capacity of young, untrained male subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Piscione
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Biomécanique et Bioingénierie, Compiègne CEDEX, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Brinkman T, Liu W, Armstrong G, Gajjar A, Merchant T, Kimberg C, Kun L, Srivastava DK, Gurney J, Robison L, Hudson M, Krull K, Rubens J, Lulla RR, Lai JS, Fangusaro J, Wolfe K, Madan-Swain A, Reddy A, Hunter G, Banos J, Kana R, Resch A, von Hoff K, von Buren AO, Friedrich C, Treulieb W, Lindow C, Kwiecien R, Ottensmeier H, Rutkowski S, Armstrong CL, Phillips PC, Lustig RA, Stamos C, Li Y, Belasco J, Minturn JE, Fisher MJ, Heinks-Maldonado T, Wingeier K, Lory V, Schafer C, Studer M, Steinlin M, Leibundgut K, de Ruiter M, Schouten N, Greidanus J, Grootenhuis M, Oosterlaan J, A ALV, Grill J, Puget S, Sainte-Rose C, Dufour C, Kieffer V, Dellatolas G, -Shkedi EB, Ben Arush MW, Kaplinsky H, Ash S, Goshen Y, Yaniv I, Cohen IJ, Levy JM, Tello T, Lu X, Gao D, Wilkening G, Donson A, Foreman N, Liu A, Korzeniewska J, Baginska BD, Perek D, Staccioli S, Chieffo D, Petrarca M, Moxon-Emre I, Taylor M, Bouffet E, Malkin D, Hawkins C, Scantlebury N, Mabbott D, Cunningham T, Bouffet E, Scantlebury N, Piscione J, Igoe D, Orfus M, Bartels U, Laughlin S, Tabori U, Mabbott D, Hardy K, Carlson-Green B, Conklin H, Dockstader C, Bouffet E, Wang F, Mabbott D, Bostan S, Dockstader C, Scantlebury N, Bouffet E, Liu F, Wang F, Mabbott D, Zou P, Li Y, Conklin HM, Mulhern RK, Butler RW, Ogg RJ, Diver T, Manley P, Kieran M, Chordas C, Liptak C, Delaney B, Brand S, Rey-Casserly C. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
38
|
Rednam S, Scheurer M, Adesina A, Lau C, Okcu M, Deatrick J, Ogle S, Fisher M, Barakat L, Hardie T, Li Y, Ginsberg J, Ben-Arush M, Krivoy E, Rosenkranz R, Peretz-Nahum M, Brown RJ, Love J, Warburton D, McBride WH, Bluml S, Mueller S, Sear K, Hills N, Chettout N, Afghani S, Lew L, Tolentino E, Haas-Kogan D, Fullerton H, Reddick W, Palmer S, Glass J, Li Y, Ogg R, Gajjar A, Omar A, Perkins S, Shinohara E, Spoljaric D, Isenberg J, Whittington M, Hauff M, King A, Litzelman K, Barker E, Catrine K, Puccetti D, Possin P, Witt W, Mallucci C, Kumar R, Pizer B, Williams D, Pettorini B, Piscione J, Bouffet E, Shams I, Kulkarni A, Remes T, Harila-Saari A, Suo-Palosaari M, Arikoski P, Riikonen P, Sutela A, Koskenkorva P, Ojaniemi M, Rantala H, Campen CJ, Ashby D, Fisher PG, Monje M, Kulkarni AV, Piscione J, Shams I, Bouffet E, Nakamura H, Makino K, Yano S, Kuratsu JI, Jadrijevic-Cvrlje F, Batinica M, Toledano H, Hoffman T, Ezer-Cohen Y, Michowiz S, Yaniv I, Cohen IJ, Adler I, Mindel S, Gopalakrishnamoorthy M, Saunders D, Gaze M, Spoudeas H, Kieffer V, Dellatolas G, Chevignard M, Puget S, Dhermain F, Grill J, Dufour C, Muir R, Hunter A, Latchman A, de Camargo O, Scheinemann K, Dhir N, Zaky W, Zomorodian T, Wong K, Dhall G, Macy M, Lauro C, Zeitler P, Foreman N, Liu A, Chocholous M, Dodier P, Peyrl A, Dieckmann K, Hausler G, Slavc I, Avula S, Kumar R, Mallucci C, Pettorini B, Garlick D, Pizer B, Armstrong G, Kawashima T, Leisenring W, Stovall M, Sklar C, Robison L, Samaan C, Duckworth J, Scheinemann K, Greenberg-Kushnir N, Freedman S, Eshel R, Zverling N, Elhasid R, Dvir R, Yalon M, Kulkarni AV, Constantini S, Wilne S, Liu JF, Trusler J, Lundsell S, Kennedy C, Clough L, Dickson N, Lakhanpaul M, Baker M, Dudley J, Grundy R, Walker D, von Hoff K, Herzog N, Ottensmeier H, Grabow D, Gerber NU, Friedrich C, von Bueren AO, Resch A, Kortmann RD, Kaatsch P, Doerr HG, Rutkowski S, del Bufalo F, Mastronuzzi A, Serra A, de Sio L, Locatelli F, Biassoni V, Leonardi M, Ajovalasit D, Riva D, Vago C, Usilla A, Fidani P, Serra A, Schiavello E, Gariboldi F, Massimino M, Lober R, Perrault S, Partap S, Edwards M, Fisher P, Yeom K, Salgado D, Nunes S, Vinhais S, Salgado D, Nunes S, Vinhais S, Wells EM, Seidel K, Ullrich NJ, Leisenring W, Armstrong G, Diller L, King A, Krull KR, Neglia J, Robison LL, Stovall M, Whelan K, Sklar C, Russell CE, Bouffet E, Brownstone D, Kaise C, Kennedy C, Bull K, Culliford D, Chevignard M, Spoudeas H, Calaminus G, Bertin D, Vallero S, Romano E, Basso ME, Biasin E, Fagioli F, Ziara K, L'Hotta A, Williams A, Thede R, Moore K, James A, King A, Bjorn E, Franzen P, Haag A, Lax AK, Moreno I, Scheinemann K, Obeid J, Timmons BW, Iwata W, Wagner S, Lai JS, Waddell K, VanLeeuwen S, Newmark M, Noonan J, O'Connell K, Urban M, Yount S, Goldman S, Piscione J, Igoe D, Cunningham T, Orfus M, Bouffet E, Mabbott D, Liptak C, Manley P, Recklitis C, Zhang P, Shaikh F, Narang I, Bouffet E, Matsumoto K, Yamasaki K, Okada K, Fujisaki H, Osugi Y, Hara J, Phipps K, Gumley D, Jacques T, Hargrave D, Saunders D, Michalski A, Manley P, Chordas C, Chi S, Robison N, Bandopadhayay P, Marcus K, Zimmerman MA, Goumnerova L, Kieran M, Brand S, Brinkman T, Chordas C, Delaney B, Diver T, Rey C, Manley P, Liptak C, Madden JR, Hemenway MS, Dorneman L, Stiller D, Liu AK, Foreman NK, Vibhakar R, Mitchell M, Hemenway M, Foreman N, Madden J, Reddick W, Glass J, Li Y, Ogg R, Gajjar A, Ryan M, O'Kane R, Picton S, Kenny T, Stiller C, Chumas P, Bendel A, Patterson R, Barrera M, Schulte F, Bartels U, Janzen L, Johnston D, Cataudella D, Chung J, Sung L, Hancock K, Hukin J, Zelcer S, Brandon S, Montour-Proulx I, Strother D, Cooksey R, Bowers D, Gargan L, Gode A, Klesse L, Oden J, Vega G, Sala F, Nuzzi D, Mulino M, Masotto B, Mazza C, Bricolo A, Gerosa M, Tong M, Bouffet E, Laughlin S, Mackie S, Taylor L, Sharpe G, Al-Salihi O, Nicolin G. QUALITY OF LIFE/AFTERCARE. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:i125-i139. [PMCID: PMC3483352 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
|
39
|
Grosset JF, Piscione J, Lambertz D, Pérot C. Paired changes in electromechanical delay and musculo-tendinous stiffness after endurance or plyometric training. Eur J Appl Physiol 2008; 105:131-9. [PMID: 18853177 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-008-0882-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
When measured in vivo electromechanical delay (EMD) depends mainly on the elastic properties of the muscle-tendon unit. Recent studies have shown changes in stiffness of the triceps surae (TS) following a period of training. To confirm the influence of musculo-tendinous stiffness on EMD, this study investigates paired changes in these two parameters after a training period. Two types of training known to induce opposite changes in stiffness were analysed. EMD and musculo-tendinous stiffness were measured on adult subjects before and after 10 weeks of endurance (n = 21) or plyometric (n = 9) trainings. EMD was defined as the time lag between the TS M-wave latency and the onset of muscle twitch evoked at rest by supramaximal electrical stimulations of the posterior tibial nerve. Quick release tests were used to evaluate the musculo-tendinous stiffness of the ankle plantar flexors. The stiffness index was defined as the slope of the relationship between angular stiffness and external torque values. Endurance training, known to preferentially activate the slow, stiffer muscle fibers, leads to a decrease in EMD and to an increase in stiffness index. Following plyometric training, which specifically recruits fast, more compliant fibers, EMD and the stiffness index exhibited adaptations directionally opposite to those seen with endurance training. When pooling the data for the two subject groups, a correlation was found between changes in EMD and changes in musculo-tendinous stiffness indexes. Thus, changes in EMD values are proposed to indirectly link to changes in musculo-tendinous stiffness for subjects involved in muscle training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Francois Grosset
- CNRS UMR 6600 Biomécanique et Bioingénierie, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 60205, Compiègne Cedex, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gamet D, Piscione J. ‘Dynamic’ transverse mechanical properties of rat skeletal muscle under in vivocompression. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10255840802297192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
41
|
Habka D, Laporte S, Piscione J, Gamet D. Biomechanical study of impact engagement in rugby union scrummaging of front row player. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10255840701479743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
42
|
Piscione J, Gamet D. Effect of mechanical compression due to load carrying on shoulder muscle fatigue during sustained isometric arm abduction: an electromyographic study. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006; 97:573-81. [PMID: 16767438 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-006-0221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of surface electromyography (EMG) for studying the effect of mechanical compression of occupational origin on muscle fatigue has been the subject of poor attention in ergonomic research. This study examined the effect of backpack carrying on fatigue of two shoulder muscles during sustained low force static contraction: the middle deltoid (MD) muscle and the upper trapezius (UT) muscle on which the backpack strap exerted direct compressive force. EMG activities of MD and UT muscles, of the dominant and non-dominant sides, were studied on eight subjects during two tasks, a maximal and an exhausting submaximal bilateral isometric 90 degrees arm abduction, which were performed while carrying a backpack load of 0, 10, and 20 kg, respectively. EMG amplitude (root mean square, RMS) and spectral (mean power frequency, MPF) parameters were computed from the recorded signals. No significant differences between the dominant and non-dominant sides were found for none of the parameters whatever the load-carrying mass. Load-carrying masses which were tested did not influence significantly the maximal bilateral arm abduction performance contrary to the time to exhaustion during the submaximal task, which decreased significantly with increasing load-carrying mass. A significant increase in fatigability, defined by the slope of MPF decrease, was observed for both muscles when load-carrying mass increased; but only UT presented a significant increase in muscle fatigue level, defined by the MPF value with respect to its initial value, at the end of the exhausting submaximal task. Furthermore, the increase in muscle activation of UT, quantified by RMS, during the exhausting task was not significantly higher with increasing load-carrying mass. So, the increased signs of local fatigue of UT may be interpreted by a localised blood flow impairment resulting from the direct compressive force exerted by backpack on this muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Piscione
- Département de Génie Biologique, Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Génie Biomédical, UMR CNRS-6600, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Piscione J, Antoni J, Gamet D. Cyclic spectral analysis of surface electromyogram for characterisation of oscillatory activity in the motor system during maximal isometric shoulder flexion. J Biomech 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)83285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
44
|
Piscione J, Gamet D. Biomechanical and electromyographic study of individual rugby union scrummaging skills of front-row player: effect of playing level. J Biomech 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)85291-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
45
|
Piscione J, Grosset JF, Pérot C. Changes in reflex excitability after endurance training differ for the soleus and the gastrocnemii muscles. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/10255840512331389028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|