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Arvanitidis M, Falla D, Sanderson A, Martinez-Valdes E. Does pain influence control of muscle force? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pain 2024. [PMID: 39176440 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.4716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In the presence of pain, whether clinical or experimentally induced, individuals commonly show impairments in the control of muscle force (commonly known as force steadiness). In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we synthesized the available evidence on the influence of clinical and experimental pain on force steadiness. DATABASES AND DATA TREATMENT MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL Plus and Web of Science databases were searched from their inception to 19 December 2023, using MeSH terms and pre-selected keywords related to pain and force steadiness. Two independent reviewers screened studies for inclusion and assessed their methodological quality using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa risk of bias tool. RESULTS In total, 32 studies (19 clinical pain and 13 experimental pain) were included. Meta-analyses revealed reduced force steadiness in the presence of clinical pain as measured by the coefficient of variation (CoV) and standard deviation (SD) of force (standardized mean difference; SMD = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.31-1.28 and SMD = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.11-1.11). These findings were supported by moderate and low strength of evidence respectively. In the presence of experimental pain, meta-analyses revealed reductions in force steadiness when measured by the CoV of force but not by the SD of force (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.01-0.99; and SMD = 0.44, 95% CI = -0.04 to 0.92), each supported by very low strength of evidence. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrates that pain, particularly clinical pain, impairs force steadiness. Such impairments likely have clinical relevance and could become targets for treatment when managing people experiencing musculoskeletal pain. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This systematic review and meta-analyses enhances our understanding of motor impairments observed in people experiencing musculoskeletal pain. It underscores the significance of incorporating force steadiness assessment when managing individuals experiencing musculoskeletal pain. Additionally, it suggests that future research should explore the potential benefits of force steadiness training in alleviating patients' symptoms and enhancing their functional performance. This could potentially lead to the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for individuals suffering from musculoskeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Arvanitidis
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andy Sanderson
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Eduardo Martinez-Valdes
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Kim C, Wile DJ, Kraeutner SN, Larocque KA, Jakobi JM. Short term effects of contralateral tendon vibration on motor unit discharge rate variability and force steadiness in people with Parkinson's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1301012. [PMID: 38529054 PMCID: PMC10962053 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1301012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Vibration of one limb affects motor performance of the contralateral limb, and this may have clinical implications for people with lateralized motor impairments through vibration-induced increase in cortical activation, descending neural drive, or spinal excitability. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of acute biceps brachii tendon vibration on force steadiness and motor unit activity in the contralateral limb of persons with Parkinson's disease. Methods Ten participants with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease severity performed a ramp, hold and de-ramp isometric elbow flexion at 5% of maximum voluntary contraction with the more-affected arm while vibration was applied to the distal biceps brachii tendon on the contralateral, less-affected arm. Using intramuscular fine wire electrodes, 33 MUs in the biceps brachii were recorded across three conditions (baseline, vibration, and post-vibration). Motor unit recruitment & derecruitment thresholds, discharge rates & variability, and elbow flexion force steadiness were compared between conditions with and without vibration. Results Coefficient of variation of force and discharge rate variability decreased 37 and 17%, respectively in post-vibration compared with baseline and vibration conditions. Although the motor unit discharge rates did not differ between conditions the total number of motor units active at rest after de-ramp were fewer in the post-vibration condition. Conclusion Contralateral tendon vibration reduces MU discharge rate variability and enhances force control on the more affected side in persons with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changki Kim
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- Healthy Exercise and Aging Laboratory, Aging in Place Research Cluster, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Daryl J. Wile
- Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah N. Kraeutner
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Kaylee A. Larocque
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Jennifer M. Jakobi
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- Healthy Exercise and Aging Laboratory, Aging in Place Research Cluster, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Nagai T, Schilaty ND, Wong H, Keller VC, Stiennon ST, Chang RW, Stuart MJ, Krause DA. Acute effects of an isometric neck warm-up programme on neck performance characteristics and ultrasound-based morphology. Ann Med 2023; 55:2295402. [PMID: 38142049 PMCID: PMC10763903 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2295402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Athletic performance can be enhanced immediately after an isometric warm-up, a phenomenon termed post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE). While isometric warm-ups can improve lower extremity sprint and jump performance, neck-specific isometric warm-ups need development and validation for mild traumatic brain disorders and neck pain. This study examined acute effects of isometric warm-ups on neck performance and morphology. METHODS Arm 1: Twenty-six adults (13 M:13F) completed neck performance testing before and after a 10-minute neck isometric warm-up or stationary bike (sham) between two visits. Testing included visual-motor reaction time, peak force, rate of force development, force steadiness, and force replication/proprioception measured by a 6-axis load cell. An inclinometer assessed range-of-motion. Paired t-tests and two-way ANOVA examined effects of neck/bike warm-up and interaction effects, respectively. Arm 2: 24 adults (11 M:13F) completed ultrasound scans of cervical muscles: before 20-minute rest (sham), and before/after a 5-min neck isometric warm-up. Longus colli cross-sectional area and sternocleidomastoid/upper trapezius thickness and stiffness, and cervical extensors thickness was assessed. One-way ANOVA compared morphological values at sham, before, and after warm-up. Significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Isometric neck warm-up increased rate of force development in flexion (p = 0.022), extension (p = 0.001-0.003), right lateral flexion (p = 0.004-0.032), left lateral flexion (p = 0.005-0.014), while peak force improved only in left lateral flexion (p = 0.032). Lateral flexion range-of-motion increased after neck warm-up (p = 0.003-0.026). Similarly, longus colli cross-sectional area (p = 0.016) and sternocleidomastoid thickness (p = 0.004) increased. CONCLUSIONS Increased neck performance characteristics and morphology are likely due to PAPE effects of isometric neck warm-up. For coaches and athletes, simple isometric contractions could be added to existing warm-ups to reduce prevalence, incidence, and severity of mild traumatic brain injuries and neck pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nagai
- United States Army Research Institute and Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nathan D. Schilaty
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South FL, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hanwen Wong
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Valerie C. Keller
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sean T. Stiennon
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ryan W.B Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - David A. Krause
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Chen Z, Falla D, Elgueta Cancino E, A Deane J. Can baseline features predict a reduction in pain and disability following neck-specific exercise in people with chronic non-specific neck pain?: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e074494. [PMID: 37429689 PMCID: PMC10335581 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neck-specific exercises (NSEs) are commonly used for the treatment of chronic non-specific neck pain (CNSNP). However, it remains unclear whether baseline features can predict the response to neck-specific exercise (NSE) in people with CNSNP. This systematic review aims to assess whether baseline features such as age, gender, muscle activity, fatigability, endurance and fear of movement can predict pain and disability reduction following a NSE intervention. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This systematic review and meta-analysis will be reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Protocols guidelines checklist. The Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL databases; key journals; and grey literature will be searched up until June 2023, including medical subject heading terms and keywords combinations. Included studies will investigate an association between the baseline features and pain and disability outcomes following NSE in people with CNSNP. Two independent reviewers will oversee the searching, screening, data extraction and assessment of risk of bias. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and Risk-Of-Bias tool for randomised trials 2 (ROB 2). The quality of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach (GRADE). Using standardised forms, details regarding study characteristics, baseline features (predictive factors), intervention, primary outcome and effect size (OR and 95% CI of each predictive factor and p value) will be extracted from included studies. Meta-analyses will be considered, if the studies are sufficiently homogeneous and if three or more studies investigate the same or comparable factors that predict the same response (pain intensity or disability). In the event that less than three studies investigated the same factors, a narrative synthesis will be conducted. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval will not be required as this review will be based on published studies. The results of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023408332.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Chen
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Edith Elgueta Cancino
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Janet A Deane
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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People with chronic low back pain display spatial alterations in high-density surface EMG-torque oscillations. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15178. [PMID: 36071134 PMCID: PMC9452584 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We quantified the relationship between spatial oscillations in surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity and trunk-extension torque in individuals with and without chronic low back pain (CLBP), during two submaximal isometric lumbar extension tasks at 20% and 50% of their maximal voluntary torque. High-density sEMG (HDsEMG) signals were recorded from the lumbar erector spinae (ES) with a 64-electrode grid, and torque signals were recorded with an isokinetic dynamometer. Coherence and cross-correlation analyses were applied between the filtered interference HDsEMG and torque signals for each submaximal contraction. Principal component analysis was used to reduce dimensionality of HDsEMG data and improve the HDsEMG-based torque estimation. sEMG-torque coherence was quantified in the δ(0–5 Hz) frequency bandwidth. Regional differences in sEMG-torque coherence were also evaluated by creating topographical coherence maps. sEMG-torque coherence in the δ band and sEMG-torque cross-correlation increased with the increase in torque in the controls but not in the CLBP group (p = 0.018, p = 0.030 respectively). As torque increased, the CLBP group increased sEMG-torque coherence in more cranial ES regions, while the opposite was observed for the controls (p = 0.043). Individuals with CLBP show reductions in sEMG-torque relationships possibly due to the use of compensatory strategies and regional adjustments of ES-sEMG oscillatory activity.
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Lulic-Kuryllo T, Greig Inglis J. Sex differences in motor unit behaviour: A review. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2022; 66:102689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2022.102689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Deep and superficial cervical muscles respond differently to unstable motor skill tasks. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 80:102893. [PMID: 34763288 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomechanical modelling and physiological studies suggest that various spinal muscle layers differ in their contribution to spine movement and stiffness. This study aimed to investigate the activation of deep and superficial muscles in stable and unstable task conditions. Nine healthy participants performed a task of controlling a metal ball on a plate fixed to the head in seated position. In unstable tasks, visual feedback was provided by mirrors to move the ball to the centre of the plate by small head movements and maintain the position for 3 s. Task difficulty was adjusted in a stepwise progression of difficulty using five surfaces with materials of decreasing resistance. In the stable condition, the ball was fixed to the plate's centre. EMG was recorded with surface (sternocleidomastoid, anterior scalenes, upper trapezius) and fine-wire electrodes (rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus inferior, multifidus, semispinalis cervicis, splenius capitis). The outcome variable was root mean square (RMS) EMG during the part of the task when the ball was maintained in the centre position. Results revealed greater cervical muscle activity in the unstable than stable conditions (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.746). Control of deep and superficial cervical muscles differed (p = 0.003, ηp2 = 0.354). Deep cervical muscle activity was greater with unstable tasks, but did not differ with task difficulty. In contrast, superficial cervical muscle activity increased in a stepwise manner with increasing challenge. These results support the notion that the central nervous system uses different strategies for control of deep versus superficial muscle layers of the cervical spine in association with instability.
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Falla D, Devecchi V, Jiménez-Grande D, Rügamer D, Liew BXW. Machine learning approaches applied in spinal pain research. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2021; 61:102599. [PMID: 34624604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2021.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a critical reflection of how analytical machine learning approaches could provide the platform to harness variability of patient presentation to enhance clinical prediction. The review includes a summary of current knowledge on the physiological adaptations present in people with spinal pain. We discuss how contemporary evidence highlights the importance of not relying on single features when characterizing patients given the variability of physiological adaptations present in people with spinal pain. The advantages and disadvantages of current analytical strategies in contemporary basic science and epidemiological research are reviewed and we consider how analytical machine learning approaches could provide the platform to harness the variability of patient presentations to enhance clinical prediction of pain persistence or recurrence. We propose that machine learning techniques can be leveraged to translate a potentially heterogeneous set of variables into clinically useful information with the potential to enhance patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.
| | - Valter Devecchi
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - David Jiménez-Grande
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - David Rügamer
- Department of Statistics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Bernard X W Liew
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, UK
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Possible Mechanisms for the Effects of Sound Vibration on Human Health. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9050597. [PMID: 34069792 PMCID: PMC8157227 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a narrative review of research literature to “map the landscape” of the mechanisms of the effect of sound vibration on humans including the physiological, neurological, and biochemical. It begins by narrowing music to sound and sound to vibration. The focus is on low frequency sound (up to 250 Hz) including infrasound (1–16 Hz). Types of application are described and include whole body vibration, vibroacoustics, and focal applications of vibration. Literature on mechanisms of response to vibration is categorized into hemodynamic, neurological, and musculoskeletal. Basic mechanisms of hemodynamic effects including stimulation of endothelial cells and vibropercussion; of neurological effects including protein kinases activation, nerve stimulation with a specific look at vibratory analgesia, and oscillatory coherence; of musculoskeletal effects including muscle stretch reflex, bone cell progenitor fate, vibration effects on bone ossification and resorption, and anabolic effects on spine and intervertebral discs. In every category research on clinical applications are described. The conclusion points to the complexity of the field of vibrational medicine and calls for specific comparative research on type of vibration delivery, amount of body or surface being stimulated, effect of specific frequencies and intensities to specific mechanisms, and to greater interdisciplinary cooperation and focus.
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Enoka RM, Farina D. Force Steadiness: From Motor Units to Voluntary Actions. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:114-130. [DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00027.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Voluntary actions are controlled by the synaptic inputs that are shared by pools of spinal motor neurons. The slow common oscillations in the discharge times of motor units due to these synaptic inputs are strongly correlated with the fluctuations in force during submaximal isometric contractions (force steadiness) and moderately associated with performance scores on some tests of motor function. However, there are key gaps in knowledge that limit the interpretation of differences in force steadiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger M. Enoka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado
| | - Dario Farina
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ozen T, Tonga E, Polat MG, Bayraktar D, Akar S. Cervical proprioception accuracy is impaired in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2021; 51:102304. [PMID: 33227676 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proprioception is the awareness of body parts and includes joint position sense, kinesthesia, and sense of force. Cervical spine is one of the major affected areas in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), and is an essential region for proprioceptive receptors. OBJECTIVE To investigate the cervical joint proprioceptive accuracy by using cervical joint positioning error (JPE) method in patients with axSpA and healthy controls. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS JPE was calculated for cervical motions in the directions of flexion, extension, rotations, and lateral flexions. Time since diagnosis, symptom duration, spinal mobility, functional status, quality of life, disease activity, and pain were evaluated in axSpA patients. Cervical JPE of axSpA patients was also compared according to radiographic status, biologic use, and existence of cervical syndesmophytes. RESULTS Eighty-two axSpA patients (52 males) and 71 healthy subjects (53 males) were evaluated. Cervical JPE was higher in patients with axSpA compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.001), except left lateral flexion (p = 0.10). Cervical proprioceptive accuracy for extension and left rotation was better in biologics+ subgroup compared to biologic- subgroup (p < 0.05). No other differences were detected related to radiographic status nor existence of cervical syndesmophytes (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Cervical proprioception accuracy is impaired in patients with axSpA. It seems that controlling disease activity by using appropriate medication may have a positive effect on cervical proprioception accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Ozen
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Eda Tonga
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Gulden Polat
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Bayraktar
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Servet Akar
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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Arvanitidis M, Falla D, Sanderson A, Martinez-Valdes E. Does pain influence force steadiness? A protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e042525. [PMID: 33419915 PMCID: PMC7798681 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Performing contractions with minimum force fluctuations is essential for everyday life as reduced force steadiness impacts on the precision of voluntary movements and functional ability. Several studies have investigated the effect of experimental or clinical musculoskeletal pain on force steadiness but with conflicting findings. The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the current literature to determine whether pain, whether it be clinical or experimental, influences force steadiness. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol for a systematic review was informed and reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Key databases will be searched from inception to 31 August 2020, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL Plus, ZETOC and Web of Science. Grey literature and key journals will be also reviewed. Risk of bias will be assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa tool, and the quality of the cumulative evidence assessed with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines. If homogeneity exists between groups of studies, meta-analysis will be conducted. Otherwise, a narrative synthesis approach and a vote-counting method will be used, while the results will be presented as net increases or decreases of force steadiness. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The findings will be presented at conferences and the review will be also submitted for publication in a refereed journal. No ethical approval was required. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020196479.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Arvanitidis
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andy Sanderson
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Eduardo Martinez-Valdes
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Kim SY, Dvir Z, Oh JS. The application of the Neurac technique vs. manual therapy in patients during the acute phase of subacromial impingement syndrome: A randomized single-blinded controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2020; 33:645-653. [PMID: 31594195 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-170884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Although the effect of exercise in patients during the subacute and/or chronic subacromial impingement syndrome has been reported, only a few studies have examined the effect of pain free exercise in the acute phase of this disorder. OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of training using the Neurac technique which combines body segments suspension and vibration vs. manual therapy, on various relevant outcome parameters in patients with acute subacromial impingement syndrome (PASIS). METHOD Twenty-six patients underwent a 4 week intervention program. Using random assignment, half of the patients were treated using the Neurac device while the other half was treated using manual therapy. The outcome parameters consisted of shoulder pain, shoulder function, range of motion (ROM) and the isokinetic strength of the external and internal rotators at 60 and 180∘/s. RESULTS Following either modes of interventions, the pain, function, and ROM improved significantly compared to pre-intervention levels in both groups. Time-by-group interaction was observed for the rotational strength which increased significantly and exclusively in the Neurac group. CONCLUSIONS Given its positive effect on shoulder pain, function, ROM and the isokinetic strength of the external and internal rotators, we recommend the application of the Neurac technique in PASIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yong Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongsangsam-do, Korea
| | - Zeevi Dvir
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jae-Seop Oh
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
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Miranda IF, Wagner Neto ES, Dhein W, Brodt GA, Loss JF. Individuals With Chronic Neck Pain Have Lower Neck Strength Than Healthy Controls: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2019; 42:608-622. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lothe LR, Raven TJL, Sandbæk G, Eken T. Single-motor-unit discharge characteristics in lumbar multifidus muscle of acute low back pain patients. J Neurophysiol 2019; 122:1373-1385. [PMID: 31365288 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00004.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute low back pain (ALBP) causes rapid deterioration of paraspinal muscle function. The underlying neurophysiology is poorly understood. We therefore carried out this observational study in patients with ALBP to characterize motor unit (MU) activity in deep lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle and compare with our previous findings from pain-free subjects. Nine subjects (1 woman; age 26-59 yr) with ALBP duration of 1-21 days were recruited from outpatient clinics. Fine wire electromyography (EMG) electrodes were implanted bilaterally at the painful spinal level under computer tomography guidance. EMG was recorded during spontaneous sitting and standing, and during voluntary force production. Linear mixed models were utilized to test or control for the effects of a number of predefined variables. Compared with sitting, standing increased total duration of EMG activity, median MU discharge rate, interspike interval variability, and common drive measured as common drive coefficients (CDC) derived from concurrently active MU pairs. Median discharge rate in 73 MUs was 5.5 and 6.6 pulses per second (pps) during spontaneous sitting and standing, and 7.2 pps during voluntary force production. Interspike interval variability was lower during voluntary tasks than during spontaneous force production. Common drive was less pronounced in bilateral vs. unilateral unit pairs, also in spontaneous standing. This difference was not seen in our previous pain-free subjects, suggesting altered bilateral control of the spine in ALBP. The distribution of CDC values was not a homogeneous continuum but could be seen as two partially overlapping populations of CDC distributions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We implanted fine-wire electrodes in the deepest part of axial postural muscles in patients with acute low back pain and characterized their motor unit activity. We found less pronounced common drive to the two sides of the spine compared with pain-free subjects, suggesting a different postural control strategy in patients with acute low back pain. An unexpected finding was that common drive coefficient values appeared to consist of two partially overlapping populations of normal distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise R Lothe
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tim J L Raven
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunnar Sandbæk
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torsten Eken
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Braun Janzen T, Paneduro D, Picard L, Gordon A, Bartel LR. A parallel randomized controlled trial examining the effects of rhythmic sensory stimulation on fibromyalgia symptoms. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212021. [PMID: 30822311 PMCID: PMC6396935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This double-blind, two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of gamma-frequency rhythmic sensory stimulation on fibromyalgia. We were interested in whether rhythmic sensory stimulation would promote significant changes in fibromyalgia and associated symptoms, and whether treatment effects would differ between two distinct treatment parameters. Fifty patients with a formal diagnosis of fibromyalgia were randomly assigned to two test groups. One group received vibrotactile stimulation from a continuous sine wave single-frequency stimulation (40 Hz) for 30 minutes, five days per week, over five weeks, concomitant with usual care. The second group completed the same treatment protocol but received a different stimulation, consisting of random and intermittent complex wave gamma-range vibrotactile stimulation. Fibromyalgia symptoms, pain severity and interference, depression symptoms, quality of life and sleep quality were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Results indicated that there were statistically significant changes from baseline to post-treatment in measures of fibromyalgia symptom severity, pain interference, depression, and sleep quality. However, treatment outcomes did not differ significantly between groups. These findings provide preliminary evidence that gamma-frequency rhythmic vibroacoustic stimulation may decrease fibromyalgia symptoms and ease associated comorbidities, opening new avenues for further investigation of the effects of rhythmic sensory stimulation on chronic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thenille Braun Janzen
- Music and Health Research Collaboratory, Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denise Paneduro
- Wasser Pain Management Centre, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Larry Picard
- Wasser Pain Management Centre, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allan Gordon
- Wasser Pain Management Centre, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lee R. Bartel
- Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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17
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Kim SY, Oh JS. Scapula muscle exercises using the Neurac technique for a patient after radical dissection surgery: a case report. Physiother Theory Pract 2019; 36:1485-1492. [PMID: 30664395 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2019.1566940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: After radical neck dissection, spinal accessory nerve damage can result in scapular muscle weakness, which causes shoulder pain, dysfunction, and a limited range of motion (ROM); scapular muscle strengthening exercises are used to reduce these symptoms. This report focuses on the importance of trapezius and serratus anterior strength exercises to reduce symptoms after radical neck dissection. Case Description: The patient was a 30-year-old female who had received radical neck dissection 3 years previously. She complained of shoulder pain, dysfunction, and limited ROM during shoulder elevation. Outcome: She was successfully treated by increasing trapezius and serratus anterior strength and improving pain, function, and range of motion by applying the Neurac technique for 12 weeks. Further controlled studies are required to identify the generalizability of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yong Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital , Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seop Oh
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, INJE University , Gimhae, South Korea
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18
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Norheim KL, Samani A, Bønløkke JH, Omland Ø, Madeleine P. The effects of age and musculoskeletal pain on force variability among manual workers. Hum Mov Sci 2019; 64:19-27. [PMID: 30641456 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of age and musculoskeletal pain on force variability during a continuous isometric handgrip force task performed at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction carried out until failure. We recruited 96 male manual workers aged 51-72 years. The participants were stratified according to their age (50-59 and 60+ years) and by pain status (no pain, acute pain and chronic pain). The amplitude and structure of variability expressed as respectively standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV), and sample entropy (SaEn) were calculated from the endurance task. The oldest group had an approximately 18% longer endurance time than the youngest group. No between-group differences were found in SD or CV, whereas a significant interaction between age and pain stage was found for SaEn. The youngest group showed lower SaEn than the oldest for both those with chronic pain and those without pain, indicating less force complexity, whereas a tendency for the opposite was found in the acute pain group. Within the pain stage groups, workers with acute pain had higher SaEn compared with both the no pain and chronic pain groups. These findings suggest that age and musculoskeletal pain differentially affects the structure of force variability in manual workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Larsen Norheim
- Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Afshin Samani
- Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Jakob Hjort Bønløkke
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Øyvind Omland
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Pascal Madeleine
- Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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19
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Testa M, Geri T, Pitance L, Lentz P, Gizzi L, Erlenwein J, Petkze F, Falla D. Alterations in jaw clenching force control in people with myogenic temporomandibular disorders. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2018; 43:111-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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20
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Blomgren J, Strandell E, Jull G, Vikman I, Röijezon U. Effects of deep cervical flexor training on impaired physiological functions associated with chronic neck pain: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:415. [PMID: 30486819 PMCID: PMC6263552 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2324-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neck pain is a major health issue with high rates of recurrence. It presents with a variety of altered sensorimotor functions. Exercise is a cornerstone of rehabilitation and many training methods are used. Exercise is evaluated in most randomized controlled trials on its pain relieving effects. No review has assessed the effect of exercise on the altered physiological functions or determined if there are differential effects of particular training methods. This review investigated the effects of deep cervical flexor (DCF) training, a training method commonly used for patients with neck pain, and compared it to other training methods or no training on outcomes of cervical neuromuscular function, muscle size, kinematics and kinetics. Methods Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, PubMed were searched from inception until January 2018. Twelve randomized controlled trials were included that compared DCF training as sole intervention to other training or no interventions in persons with neck pain. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the method quality. All outcome measures were analysed descriptively and meta-analyses were performed for measures evaluated in three or more studies. Results DCF training was compared to cervical endurance, strength, proprioception and mobility training, muscle stretching, and no intervention control groups. Physiological outcome measures included neuromuscular co-ordination (craniocervical flexion test), functional tasks, muscle fatigability, muscle size, kinematics (joint position sense, posture and range of motion) and kinetics (strength, endurance and contraction accuracy). Strong evidence was found for effectiveness of DCF training on neuromuscular coordination, but it had no or small effects on strength and endurance at higher loads. DCF training improved head and cervical posture, while evidence was limited or contradictory for other measures. Conclusions DCF training can successfully address impaired neuromuscular coordination, but not cervical flexor strength and endurance at higher contraction intensities. A multimodal training regime is proposed when the aim is to specifically address various impaired physiological functions associated with neck pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Blomgren
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Erika Strandell
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Gwendolen Jull
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.,Physiotherapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Irene Vikman
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ulrik Röijezon
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
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21
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Bednáříková H, Smékal D, Krejčiříková P, Hanzlíková I. Effect of locally applied vibration on pain reduction in patients with chronic low back pain: A pilot study. ACTA GYMNICA 2018. [DOI: 10.5507/ag.2018.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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22
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Wannaprom N, Treleaven J, Jull G, Uthaikhup S. Neck muscle vibration produces diverse responses in balance and gait speed between individuals with and without neck pain. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2018; 35:25-29. [PMID: 29427867 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck muscle vibration can influence cervical proprioception and sensorimotor function. It is hypothesized to affect motor performance differently in persons with and without neck pain. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVE To clarify the extent to which vibration-induced motor responses of neck muscles affect static standing balance and gait speed in persons with and without neck pain. METHODS Thirty participants with chronic neck pain and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Balance and gait were measured before and after 30 s of suboccipital neck muscle vibration. Balance was measured in a confortable stance with eyes closed using a swaymeter and gait using the timed 10 m walk test. RESULTS At baseline, neck pain participants had greater postural sway, particularly in the anterior-posterior direction and slower gait speed than healthy controls (p < 0.001). Immediately after vibration, neck pain participants displayed decreased postural sway, and increased gait speed (p < 0.001). Healthy controls had increased postural sway and decreased gait speed (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Neck muscle vibration improved standing balance and gait speed in participants with neck pain but reduced performance in healthy controls. The study supports the importance of cervical proprioceptive information in postural control. Use of vibration could be considered neck pain patients' rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipaporn Wannaprom
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Julia Treleaven
- Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gwendolen Jull
- Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sureeporn Uthaikhup
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
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23
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Madsen BK, Søgaard K, Andersen LL, Skotte J, Tornøe B, Jensen RH. Neck/shoulder function in tension-type headache patients and the effect of strength training. J Pain Res 2018; 11:445-454. [PMID: 29503581 PMCID: PMC5827678 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s146050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Muscle pain has been associated with reduced maximal muscle strength, and reduced rate of force development (RFD). Strength training (ST) has shown an effect in not only normalizing muscle function but also reducing neck muscle pain. Aim The aims of this study were to compare muscle function in terms of strength, force steadiness in neck flexion, as well as extension, and rate of RFD of the shoulder in tension-type headache (TTH) patients and healthy controls and to examine the correlation to tenderness. Furthermore, the aim of the study was to examine the effect of ST on neck and shoulder functions in TTH patients. Participants and methods In all, 60 TTH patients and 30 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were included for a case–control comparison. The 60 patients with TTH were randomized into an ST and an ergonomic and posture correction (EP) control group. The ST group trained for 10 weeks with elastic bands. Results TTH patients had a lower extension force steadiness with a significant 15% higher coefficient of variation (CoV) compared to healthy controls (p=0.047). A significantly lower RFD (25%) was noted in the TTH group than in the healthy controls (p=0.031). A significant (p<0.01) and moderate correlation to muscle tenderness was found. In the intervention, 23 patients completed ST and 21 patients completed EP. No significant between-group effect was observed, but at 22 weeks follow-up, both groups had a significant within-group effect of improved extension force steadiness (ST: p=0.011 and EP: p<0.01). Conclusion TTH patients showed a deteriorated muscle function, indicated by a lower force steadiness and RFD, compared to the healthy controls. The effect of ST was not larger than EP as both groups of TTH patients showed some improvement in neck and shoulder functions during the 10 weeks intervention and at follow-up. Future interventions are needed to elucidate if normalization of muscle function can lead to a reduction in headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjarne K Madsen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Physical Activity and Health in Work Life University of Southern Denmark, Odense.,Department of Clinical research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense
| | - Lars L Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Skotte
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birte Tornøe
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rigmor H Jensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup
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24
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Chow JW, Stokic DS. Improvements in force variability and structure from vision- to memory-guided submaximal isometric knee extension in subacute stroke. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 124:592-603. [PMID: 29097632 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00717.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined changes in variability, accuracy, frequency composition, and temporal regularity of force signal from vision-guided to memory-guided force-matching tasks in 17 subacute stroke and 17 age-matched healthy subjects. Subjects performed a unilateral isometric knee extension at 10, 30, and 50% of peak torque [maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)] for 10 s (3 trials each). Visual feedback was removed at the 5-s mark in the first two trials (feedback withdrawal), and 30 s after the second trial the subjects were asked to produce the target force without visual feedback (force recall). The coefficient of variation and constant error were used to quantify force variability and accuracy. Force structure was assessed by the median frequency, relative spectral power in the 0-3-Hz band, and sample entropy of the force signal. At 10% MVC, the force signal in subacute stroke subjects became steadier, more broadband, and temporally more irregular after the withdrawal of visual feedback, with progressively larger error at higher contraction levels. Also, the lack of modulation in the spectral frequency at higher force levels with visual feedback persisted in both the withdrawal and recall conditions. In terms of changes from the visual feedback condition, the feedback withdrawal produced a greater difference between the paretic, nonparetic, and control legs than the force recall. The overall results suggest improvements in force variability and structure from vision- to memory-guided force control in subacute stroke despite decreased accuracy. Different sensory-motor memory retrieval mechanisms seem to be involved in the feedback withdrawal and force recall conditions, which deserves further study. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate that in the subacute phase of stroke, force signals during a low-level isometric knee extension become steadier, more broadband in spectral power, and more complex after removal of visual feedback. Larger force errors are produced when recalling target forces than immediately after withdrawing visual feedback. Although visual feedback offers better accuracy, it worsens force variability and structure in subacute stroke. The feedback withdrawal and force recall conditions seem to involve different memory retrieval mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Chow
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery, Methodist Rehabilitation Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Dobrivoje S Stokic
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery, Methodist Rehabilitation Center , Jackson, Mississippi
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25
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Imai R, Osumi M, Ishigaki T, Morioka S. The influence of trait anxiety and illusory kinesthesia on pain threshold. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:1236-1241. [PMID: 28744055 PMCID: PMC5509599 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] It has also been reported that decreased activity in the reward pathway causes
a decrease in brain activity in the descending pain control system in people with high
trait anxiety. Activation of this system is dependent on both the reward pathway and motor
areas. Recently, studies have also shown that motor areas are activated by illusory
kinesthesia. It was aimed to explore whether anxiety trait modulates the influence of
illusory kinesthesia on pain threshold. [Subjects and Methods] The pain threshold and
trait anxiety at rest before vibratory tendon stimulation (the task) were measured. After
the task, the pain threshold, the illusory kinesthesia angle, and the intensity of
illusory kinesthesia for patients with and without illusory kinesthesia were measured. A
total of 35 healthy right-handed students participated, among whom 22 and 13 were included
in the illusion and no-illusion groups, respectively. [Results] There was a significant
increase in the pain threshold after task completion in both groups; however, there was no
statistically significant difference between the two groups. Correlational analysis
revealed that State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-trait score correlated negatively with the
pain threshold in the no-illusion group, but there was no correlation in the illusion
group. [Conclusion] The pain threshold improved regardless of the size of trait anxiety in
the illusion group, but did not improve merely through sensory input by vibratory
stimulation in the no-illusion group. Thus, illusory kinesthesia has effect of increasing
the pain threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Imai
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Kawachi General Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Tomoya Ishigaki
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Japan
| | - Shu Morioka
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Japan.,Neuro Rehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Japan
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26
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Chow JW, Stokic DS. Variability, frequency composition, and temporal regularity of submaximal isometric elbow flexion force in subacute stroke. Exp Brain Res 2016; 234:3145-3155. [PMID: 27370944 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-016-4712-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We compared variability, frequency composition, and temporal regularity of submaximal isometric elbow flexion force at 10, 20, 35, and 50 % of peak torque between 34 stroke subjects (5-48 days post-onset, both arms) and 24 age-matched controls (dominant arm), and related the findings in the paretic arm to motor impairment. Force variability was quantified by the coefficient of variation (CV), frequency composition by the median frequency and relative power in 0-3-, 4-6-, and 8-12-Hz bands, and regularity by the sample entropy (SampEn). The paretic elbow flexors showed significantly increased CV and relative power in 0-3-Hz band, decreased power in 4-6- and 8-12-Hz bands, and decreased SampEn compared to both the non-paretic and control elbow flexors (P ≤ 0.0002), with no differences between the latter two (P ≥ 0.012). With increasing contraction intensity, the relative power in different frequency bands was insufficiently modulated and SampEn excessively decreased in the paretic elbow flexors. Also, CV in the paretic elbow flexors was non-linearly related to the relative power in different frequency bands and SampEn across contraction intensities (rectangular hyperbolic fit, 0.21 ≤ R 2 ≤ 0.55, P ≤ 0.006), whereas no force parameter correlated with arm motor impairment. These results largely extend our previous findings in the paretic knee extensors to the elbow flexors in subacute stroke, except that here force variability was increased only in the paretic elbow flexors and modulation of force regularity with increasing contraction intensity showed the opposite, decreasing pattern, which was considerably exaggerated in the paretic muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Chow
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery, Methodist Rehabilitation Center, 1350 East Woodrow Wilson Drive, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
| | - Dobrivoje S Stokic
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery, Methodist Rehabilitation Center, 1350 East Woodrow Wilson Drive, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
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27
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Nasb M, Li Z. Sling Suspension Therapy Utilization in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ojtr.2016.43009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Gizzi L, Muceli S, Petzke F, Falla D. Experimental Muscle Pain Impairs the Synergistic Modular Control of Neck Muscles. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137844. [PMID: 26382606 PMCID: PMC4575045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A motor task can be performed via different patterns of muscle activation that show regularities that can be factorized in combinations of a reduced number of muscle groupings (also referred to as motor modules, or muscle synergies). In this study we evaluate whether an acute noxious stimulus induces a change in the way motor modules are combined to generate movement by neck muscles. The neck region was selected as it is a region with potentially high muscular redundancy. We used the motor modules framework to assess the redistribution of muscular activity of 12 muscles (6 per side) in the neck region of 8 healthy individuals engaged in a head and neck aiming task, in non-painful conditions (baseline, isotonic saline injection, post pain) and after the injection of hypertonic saline into the right splenius capitis muscle. The kinematics of the task was similar in the painful and control conditions. A general decrease of activity was noted for the injected muscle during the painful condition together with an increase or decrease of the activity of the other muscles. Subjects did not adopt shared control strategies (motor modules inter subject similarity at baseline 0.73±0.14); the motor modules recorded during the painful condition could not be used to reconstruct the activation patterns of the control conditions, and the painful stimulus triggered a subject-specific redistribution of muscular activation (i.e., in some subjects the activity of a given muscle increased, whereas in other subjects it decreased with pain). Alterations of afferent input (i.e., painful stimulus) influenced motor control at a multi muscular level, but not kinematic output. These findings provide new insights into the motor adaptation to pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Gizzi
- Pain Clinic, Center for Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvia Muceli
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Petzke
- Pain Clinic, Center for Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Deborah Falla
- Pain Clinic, Center for Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
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29
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Rice DA, McNair PJ, Lewis GN, Mannion J. Experimental knee pain impairs submaximal force steadiness in isometric, eccentric, and concentric muscle actions. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:259. [PMID: 26377678 PMCID: PMC4574021 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Populations with knee joint damage, including arthritis, have noted impairments in the regulation of submaximal muscle force. It is difficult to determine the exact cause of such impairments given the joint pathology and associated neuromuscular adaptations. Experimental pain models that have been used to isolate the effects of pain on muscle force regulation have shown impaired force steadiness during acute pain. However, few studies have examined force regulation during dynamic contractions, and these findings have been inconsistent. The goal of the current study was to examine the effect of experimental knee joint pain on submaximal quadriceps force regulation during isometric and dynamic contractions. METHODS The study involved fifteen healthy participants. Participants were seated in an isokinetic dynamometer. Knee extensor force matching tasks were completed in isometric, eccentric, and concentric muscle contraction conditions. The target force was set to 10 % of maximum for each contraction type. Hypertonic saline was then injected into the infrapatella fat pad to generate acute joint pain. The force matching tasks were repeated during pain and once more 5 min after pain had subsided. RESULTS Hypertonic saline resulted in knee pain with an average peak pain rating of 5.5 ± 2.1 (0-10 scale) that lasted for 18 ± 4 mins. Force steadiness significantly reduced during pain across all three muscle contraction conditions. There was a trend to increased force matching error during pain but this was not significant. CONCLUSION Experimental knee pain leads to impaired quadriceps force steadiness during isometric, eccentric, and concentric contractions, providing further evidence that joint pain directly affects motor performance. Given the established relationship between submaximal muscle force steadiness and function, such an effect may be detrimental to the performance of tasks in daily life. In order to restore motor performance in people with painful arthritic conditions of the knee, it may be important to first manage their pain more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Rice
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. .,Waitemata Pain Service, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, North Shore Hospital, Private Bag 93-503, Takapuna, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Peter J McNair
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Gwyn N Lewis
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Jamie Mannion
- Unitec Institute of Technology, Private Bag 92025, Victoria St West, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Proprioception in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Part 2: Clinical assessment and intervention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:378-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Yavuz UŞ, Negro F, Falla D, Farina D. Experimental muscle pain increases variability of neural drive to muscle and decreases motor unit coherence in tremor frequency band. J Neurophysiol 2015; 114:1041-7. [PMID: 26019314 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00391.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been observed that muscle pain influences force variability and low-frequency (<3 Hz) oscillations in the neural drive to muscle. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of experimental muscle pain on the neural control of muscle force at higher frequency bands, associated with afferent feedback (alpha band, 5-13 Hz) and with descending cortical input (beta band, 15-30 Hz). Single-motor unit activity was recorded, in two separate experimental sessions, from the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles with intramuscular wire electrodes, during isometric abductions of the fifth finger at 10% of maximal force [maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)] and ankle dorsiflexions at 25% MVC. The contractions were repeated under three conditions: no pain (baseline) and after intramuscular injection of isotonic (0.9%, control) and hypertonic (5.8%, painful) saline. The results showed an increase of the relative power of both the force signal and the neural drive at the tremor frequency band (alpha, 5-13 Hz) between the baseline and hypertonic (painful) conditions for both muscles (P < 0.05) but no effect on the beta band. Additionally, the strength of motor unit coherence was lower (P < 0.05) in the hypertonic condition in the alpha band for both muscles and in the beta band for the ADM. These results indicate that experimental muscle pain increases the amplitude of the tremor oscillations because of an increased variability of the neural control (common synaptic input) in the tremor band. Moreover, the concomitant decrease in coherence suggests an increase in independent input in the tremor band due to pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utku Ş Yavuz
- Department of Orthobionics, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; and Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Francesco Negro
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Deborah Falla
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dario Farina
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
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Yun S, Kim YL, Lee SM. The effect of neurac training in patients with chronic neck pain. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:1303-7. [PMID: 26157206 PMCID: PMC4483384 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effects of neurac training on pain,
function, balance, fatigability, and quality of life. [Subjects and Methods] Subjects with
chronic neck pain who were treated in S hospital were included in this study; they were
randomly allocated into two groups, i.e., the experimental group (n = 10) and the control
group (n = 10). Both groups received traditional physical therapy for 3 sessions for
30 min per week for 4 weeks. The experimental group practiced additional neurac training
for 30 min/day, for 3 days per week for 4 weeks. All subjects were evaluated using the
visual analogue scale (VAS), the neck disability index (NDI), the biorescue (balance), the
questionnaire for fatigue symptoms (fatigue), and the medical outcome 36-item short form
health survey (SF-36) pre- and post-intervention. [Results] The experimental group
effectively improved their pain, function, balance, fatigability, and quality of life.
[Conclusion] Neurac training is thus considered an effective training program that
enhances body functionality by improving pain, function, balance ability, fatigability,
and quality of life in patients with chronic neck pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yun
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University: 26-21 Gongneung2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
| | - You Lim Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University: 26-21 Gongneung2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Min Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University: 26-21 Gongneung2-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea
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Beinert K, Keller M, Taube W. Neck muscle vibration can improve sensorimotor function in patients with neck pain. Spine J 2015; 15:514-21. [PMID: 25452010 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT People with neck pain display a diminished joint position sense and disturbed postural control, which is thought to be a result of impaired somatosensory afferent activity and/or integration. Afferent processing can be artificially manipulated by vibration and was shown to reduce motor performance in healthy subjects. However, the effect of vibration on sensorimotor function in neck pain patients is scarcely investigated. PURPOSE To assess the effect of neck muscle vibration on joint position sense and postural control in neck pain subjects and healthy controls. STUDY DESIGN Case control study. PATIENT SAMPLE Thirteen neck pain patients and 10 healthy controls participated in the present study. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Cervical joint position sense and dynamic and static postural stability. METHODS Short-term, targeted neck muscle vibration with 100 Hz was applied after baseline measurement. RESULTS Vibration had opposite effects in patients and healthy subjects. Patients showed improved joint position sense (p<.01) and reduced dynamic postural sway (p<.05) after vibration, whereas vibration resulted in reduced joint position sense acuity (p<.05) and a nonsignificant increase in postural sway in healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study showing an improved motor performance after neck muscle vibration in patients with neck pain. Thus, vibration may be used to counteract sensorimotor impairment of the cervical spine. Potential underlying mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Beinert
- University of Fribourg, Department of Medicine, Unit of Sports Science, Chemin du Musée 3, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Academy for Health Professions, Institute of Applied Science of the Human Movement System, Maximilianstraße 20, 67433 Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Germany.
| | - Martin Keller
- University of Fribourg, Department of Medicine, Unit of Sports Science, Chemin du Musée 3, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Taube
- University of Fribourg, Department of Medicine, Unit of Sports Science, Chemin du Musée 3, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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Park J, Lee S, Hwangbo G. The effects of a bridge exercise with vibration training and an unstable base of support on lumbar stabilization. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:63-5. [PMID: 25642039 PMCID: PMC4305599 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a bridge exercise with vibration training and an unstable base of support on lumbar stabilization. [Subjects] This study assigned healthy adults in their 20s to a bridge exercise with a sling and vibration group (BESV, n=20) and a bridge exercise with a sling group (BESG, n=20). [Methods] Electromyography was used to comparatively analyze the activity of the internal obliques (IO), external obliques (EO), and rectus abdominis (RA) when local vibration was applied during a bridge exercise that used a sling as an unstable base of support. [Results] There were statistically significant increases in the activity of the IO and EO within each group after the intervention. The activity of the IO and the EO was significantly higher in the BESV group than in the BES group after the intervention. [Conclusion] The bridge exercise performed using vibration training on an unstable base of support increased the activity of the IO and the EO, which improved lumbar stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsik Park
- Major in Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School Daegu University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Youngdong University, Republic of Korea
| | - Gak Hwangbo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
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Influence of shoulder pain on muscle function: implications for the assessment and therapy of shoulder disorders. Eur J Appl Physiol 2014; 115:225-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-014-3059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chow JW, Stokic DS. Variability, frequency composition, and complexity of submaximal isometric knee extension force from subacute to chronic stroke. Neuroscience 2014; 273:189-98. [PMID: 24840274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We examined changes in the variability, frequency composition, and complexity of force signal from subacute to chronic stage of stroke during maintenance of isometric knee extension and compared these parameters between chronic stroke and healthy subjects. The sample included 15 healthy (65±8 years) and 23 chronic stroke subjects (65±14 years, 6-112 months post-stroke) of whom 10 (64±15 years) were also examined 11-22 days post-stroke (subacute stage). The subjects performed isometric knee extension at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 50% of peak torque for 10s (two trials each). Coefficient of variation (CV) was used as a measure of force variability. The median frequency and relative power in the 0-3, 4-6, and 8-12 Hz bands were obtained through a power spectrum analysis of the force signal. The signal complexity was quantified using the sample entropy (SampEn). The longitudinal analysis revealed a significant decrease in CV from subacute to chronic stage across all contraction levels (P<0.001) but no significant changes in the frequency and entropy parameters. Comparison between the chronic stroke and control subjects revealed no significant difference in CV across the force levels (P>0.05) but significantly decreased median frequency (P<0.01), with the relative power increased in 0-3 Hz band and decreased in 4-6 and 8-12 Hz bands in both paretic and non-paretic legs (P<0.001). SampEn was also significantly decreased in chronic stroke, bilaterally (P<0.001). These results indicate a shift toward lower frequencies and a less complex physiological process underlying force control in chronic stroke. The overall results suggest the improvement in force variability from subacute to chronic stroke but without normalization in the frequency composition and complexity of the force signal. Thus, disordered structure of the force signal remains a marker of impaired motor control long after stroke occurrence despite apparent recovery in force variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Chow
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery, Methodist Rehabilitation Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
| | - D S Stokic
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery, Methodist Rehabilitation Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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Kim JH, Kim YE, Bae SH, Kim KY. The effect of the neurac sling exercise on postural balance adjustment and muscular response patterns in chronic low back pain patients. J Phys Ther Sci 2013; 25:1015-9. [PMID: 24259906 PMCID: PMC3820226 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.25.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the effects of the Neurac sling exercise on postural balance adjustment and muscular response patterns in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. [Subjects and Methods] Sixteen CLBP patients participated in this study. They were randomly and equally assigned to group I, whose members received ordinary physical therapy (40 minutes per time, four times per week), and group II, whose members performed a lumbar stabilization exercise using the Neurac sling after ordinary physical therapy (40 minutes per time, four times per week). The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used to evaluate exercise effects. BioRescue and electromyography were utilized for the measurement of changes in postural balance adjustment and muscular response patterns, respectively. [Results] Both groups saw their VAS and ODI decrease significantly. There were significant decreases in both groups in posturography as well, but group II recorded a greater decrease. There were significant increases in the flexion-relaxation ratio in both groups, and there were significant increases in the extension-flexion ratio in the left L1-2 of group I and in all elements of group II. [Conclusion] Lumbar stabilization exercise using the Neurac sling is effective in decreasing pain, improving damaged postural balance adjustment, and normalizing muscle response patterns of CLBP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hae Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Dongshin University Oriental Hospital
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Chow JW, Stokic DS. Impaired force steadiness is associated with changes in force frequency composition in subacute stroke. Neuroscience 2013; 242:69-77. [PMID: 23548515 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that impaired force steadiness early after stroke is associated with changes in frequency composition of the force signal during constant-force task. The power spectra and the relationship between power spectra and force variability during isometric knee extension (10%, 20%, 30%, and 50% of peak torque for 10s) were studied in the paretic and non-paretic legs of 34 stroke patients (64±14years, 8-25days post-injury) and the dominant leg of 20 controls (62±10years). Power spectrum analysis of the force signal included the median frequency, peak power frequency, relative peak power, and relative power in 0-3, 4-6, and 8-12Hz bands. Force variability, quantified by coefficient of variation (CV), was increased in patients at 3 of the 4 contraction levels (P⩽0.001). Median frequency across all force levels was decreased and the relative peak power was increased in the paretic and non-paretic legs compared to controls (P⩽0.001). The relative power was increased in 0-3Hz band and decreased in both 4-6 and 8-12Hz bands in the paretic leg only (P⩽0.001). Progressively stronger contractions brought about a significant decrease in relative power in the 0-3Hz band and increase in 8-12Hz band in controls but not in stroke subjects. The hypothesis was confirmed by significant non-linear correlations between CV and each relative spectral power found in the paretic leg at most contraction levels (0.22⩽R(2)⩽0.72, P⩽0.0004) and in the non-paretic leg at 10% only (0.35⩽R(2)⩽0.52, P⩽0.0002), but not in controls. Fugl-Meyer lower extremity motor and sensory scores were not related to the frequency measures in stroke subjects (P>0.05). Limited modulation of frequency spectra and the emergence of non-linear relation between power spectra and force variability suggest that less broadband force output may account in part for impaired force steadiness in paretic and non-paretic legs early after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Chow
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery, Methodist Rehabilitation Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
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Bardal EM, Roeleveld K, Johansen TO, Mork PJ. Upper limb position control in fibromyalgia. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2012; 13:186. [PMID: 23006674 PMCID: PMC3518200 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor problems are reported by patients with fibromyalgia (FM). However, the mechanisms leading to alterations in motor performance are not well understood. In this study, upper limb position control during sustained isometric contractions was investigated in patients with FM and in healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Fifteen female FM patients and 13 HCs were asked to keep a constant upper limb position during sustained elbow flexion and shoulder abduction, respectively. Subjects received real-time visual feedback on limb position and both tasks were performed unloaded and while supporting loads (1, 2, and 3 kg). Accelerations of the dominant upper limb were recorded, with variance (SD of mean position) and power spectrum analysis used to characterize limb position control. Normalized power of the acceleration signal was extracted for three frequency bands: 1-3 Hz, 4-7 Hz, and 8-12 Hz. RESULTS Variance increased with load in both tasks (P < 0.001) but did not differ significantly between patients and HCs (P > 0.17). Power spectrum analysis showed that the FM patients had a higher proportion of normalized power in the 1-3 Hz band, and a lower proportion of normalized power in the 8-12 Hz band compared to HCs (P < 0.05). The results were consistent for all load conditions and for both elbow flexion and shoulder abduction. CONCLUSION FM patients exhibit an altered neuromuscular strategy for upper limb position control compared to HCs. The predominance of low-frequency limb oscillations among FM patients may indicate a sensory deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Marie Bardal
- Department of Human Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Variability of three-dimensional forces increase during experimental knee pain. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 113:567-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Farina D, Negro F, Gizzi L, Falla D. Low-frequency oscillations of the neural drive to the muscle are increased with experimental muscle pain. J Neurophysiol 2011; 107:958-65. [PMID: 22049336 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00304.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the influence of nociceptive stimulation on the accuracy of task execution and motor unit spike trains during low-force isometric contractions. Muscle pain was induced by infusion of hypertonic saline into the abductor digiti minimi muscle of 11 healthy men. Intramuscular EMG signals were recorded from the same muscle during four isometric contractions of 60-s duration at 10% of the maximal force [maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)] performed before injection (baseline), after injection of isotonic (control) or hypertonic saline (pain), and 15 min after pain was no longer reported. Each contraction was preceded by three 3-s ramp contractions from 0% to 10% MVC. The low-frequency oscillations of motor unit spike trains were analyzed by the first principal component of the low-pass filtered spike trains [first common component (FCC)], which represents the effective neural drive to the muscle. Pain decreased the accuracy of task performance [coefficient of variation (CoV) for force: baseline, 2.8 ± 1.8%, pain, 3.9 ± 1.8%; P < 0.05] and reduced motor unit discharge rates [11.6 ± 2.3 pulses per second (pps) vs. 10.7 ± 1.7 pps; P < 0.05]. Motor unit recruitment thresholds (2.2 ± 1.2% MVC vs. 2.4 ± 1.6% MVC), interspike interval variability (18.4 ± 4.9% vs. 19.1 ± 5.4%), strength of motor unit short-term synchronization [common input strength (CIS) 1.02 ± 0.44 vs. 0.83 ± 0.22], and strength of common drive (0.47 ± 0.08 vs. 0.47 ± 0.06) did not change across conditions. The FCC signal was correlated with force (R = 0.45 ± 0.06), and the CoV for FCC increased in the painful condition (5.69 ± 1.29% vs. 7.83 ± 2.61%; P < 0.05). These results indicate that nociceptive stimulation increased the low-frequency variability in synaptic input to motoneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Farina
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology Göttingen, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany.
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