Internal jugular venous thrombosis after in vitro fertilization

Surgical intervention of Lemierre's syndrome: a case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND

Lemierre's syndrome is a fatal and rare disease that is typically characterized by oropharyngeal infection and internal jugular vein thrombosis. Timely institution of appropriate antibiotics is the standard treatment.

CASE PRESENTATION

The authors report a case of Lemierre's syndrome. A 67-year-old male patient of Han ethnicity in China suffered from a large inflammatory neck mass involving left internal jugular vein thrombosis diagnosed as Lemierre's syndrome and finally cured by surgical treatment. In addition, a literature review was carried out through PubMed using the terms "Lemierre's syndrome/disease and review, meta-analysis or retrospective study" and "Lemierre's syndrome/disease and internal jugular vein". This search yielded six articles that recorded surgical methods such as drainage, craniotomy, tooth extraction, and ligation of the occluded vein to give clinicians more ideas about the treatment of the Lemierre's syndrome.

CONCLUSION

This is the first review to summarize the conditions under which surgical treatment are conducted. Additionally, this is the first report of such a large inflammatory neck mass that was completely cured by surgical resection and internal jugular vein ligation. The authors also offer several conclusions regarding surgical intervention in Lemierre's syndrome for the first time.

Treatment of idiopathic internal jugular vein thrombosis in a healthy woman with enoxaparin and rivaroxiban: Case report and literature narrative review

Introduction

Venous thrombosis is a medical condition that occurs when a blood clot forms in a vein. These clots usually develop in the lower leg, thigh, or pelvis but can also occur in the arm. It is essential to know about Venous thrombosis because it can happen to anybody and cause severe illness and disability. Fortunately, if the diagnosis is early, the outcomes will be excellent. However, idiopathic or spontaneous internal jugular vein thrombosis is a rare but potentially fatal condition. Method: here, we presented a rare case of Internal jugular vein thrombosis (IJVT) and reviewed the literature on cases of IJVT to describe clinical features, associated risk factors, possible complications, ways of investigations, and outcomes.

Results

Among 57 cases (56 in the literature plus our case), 25 patients out of 57 had a chief complaint of neck swelling, and only five complained of neck pain; on the other hand, four patients were asymptomatic. Thirty-five patients had a risk factor of developing thrombosis, 19 patients had a malignancy, and 22 did not have an obvious risk factor. To diagnose IJVT, ultrasound alone was used in 11 patients, Ct alone was used in 13 patients, and a combination of CT and ultrasound was used in 21 patients. Conclusion: IJVT thrombosis is a rare condition, but its diagnosis requires reasonable radiological and laboratory investigations; early treatment is warranted to avoid fetal complications.

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Thrombosis is the term for the growth of a blood clot within a blood vessel, which may happen in either veins or arteries.

•Following a proper diagnosis, this condition is regarded as an urgent disease that has to be treated right once.

•The disorder known as idiopathic internal jugular vein thrombosis is very uncommon.

•Radiological and laboratory tests should rule out any other causes of type II jugular vein thrombosis.

Unprovoked internal jugular vein thrombosis: a case report and literature review

Background

Managing thrombosis in rare sites is challenging. Existing studies and guidelines provide detailed explanations on how to overcome lower-limb thromboses and pulmonary embolisms, but few studies have examined thrombosis in rare sites. Lack of data makes clinical practice heterogeneous. Recommendations for diagnosing, treating, and following-up internal jugular vein thrombosis are not clearly defined and mostly based on adapted guidelines for lower-limb thrombosis.

Case presentation

A 52-year-old Caucasian woman came to the Emergency Department with chest, neck, and left arm pain. Computed tomography imagery showed a left internal jugular vein thrombosis. An extensive workup revealed a heterozygous factor V Leiden gene. Therapy was initiated with intravenous unfractionated heparin, then switched to oral acenocoumarol, which resolved the symptoms. Based on this case presentation and a literature review, we summarize the causes, treatment options, and prognosis of unprovoked internal jugular vein thrombosis.

Conclusions

Managing internal jugular vein thrombosis lacks scientific data from large randomized clinical trials, partly because such thromboses are rare. Our literature review suggested that clinical treatments for internal jugular vein thrombosis often followed recommendations for treating lower-limb thrombosis. Future specific studies are required to guide clinicians on the modalities of diagnosis, screening for thrombophilia or oncologic disease, treatment duration, and follow-up.

Emergency ultrasound diagnosis of internal jugular vein thrombosis

Introduction

A 37-year-old male with lymphoma presented with acute neck pain and swelling. While the examination, lab work, and radiography were non-diagnostic, a bedside ultrasound revealed large internal jugular vein thrombosis as the cause of the patient’s symptoms.

Materials and methods

This is a case report and brief review of the literature.

Conclusion

Prompt diagnosis of internal jugular vein thrombosis is critical. This case illustrates the value of bedside ultrasound in the early diagnosis of internal jugular vein thrombosis in a patient with an initially non-diagnostic workup.