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Brandi N, Ciccarese F, Rimondi MR, Balacchi C, Modolon C, Sportoletti C, Renzulli M, Coppola F, Golfieri R. An Imaging Overview of COVID-19 ARDS in ICU Patients and Its Complications: A Pictorial Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:846. [PMID: 35453894 PMCID: PMC9032937 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia could develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), thus requiring mechanical ventilation, and resulting in a high rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Several complications can arise during an ICU stay, from both COVID-19 infection and the respiratory supporting system, including barotraumas (pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum), superimposed pneumonia, coagulation disorders (pulmonary embolism, venous thromboembolism, hemorrhages and acute ischemic stroke), abdominal involvement (acute mesenteric ischemia, pancreatitis and acute kidney injury) and sarcopenia. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the detection and monitoring of ICU complications and is expanding even to prognosis prediction. The present pictorial review describes the clinicopathological and radiological findings of COVID-19 ARDS in ICU patients and discusses the imaging features of complications related to invasive ventilation support, as well as those of COVID-19 itself in this particularly fragile population. Radiologists need to be familiar with COVID-19's possible extra-pulmonary complications and, through reliable and constant monitoring, guide therapeutic decisions. Moreover, as more research is pursued and the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is increasingly understood, the role of imaging must evolve accordingly, expanding from the diagnosis and subsequent management of patients to prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Brandi
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Federica Ciccarese
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Maria Rita Rimondi
- Cardio-Thoracic Radiology Unit, University Hospital S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.R.); (C.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Caterina Balacchi
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Cecilia Modolon
- Cardio-Thoracic Radiology Unit, University Hospital S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.R.); (C.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Camilla Sportoletti
- Cardio-Thoracic Radiology Unit, University Hospital S.Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.R.); (C.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Matteo Renzulli
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Francesca Coppola
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
- Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology, SIRM Foundation, Via della Signora 2, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Golfieri
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.C.); (C.B.); (M.R.); (F.C.); (R.G.)
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Lakhdar S, Buttar C, Guzman Perez L, Nso N, Nassar M, Collura G. ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients with COVID-19: Case Series. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022:38-46. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/21-00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or COVID-19, has triggered an unprecedented pandemic situation across the globe. Patients with COVID-19 frequently experience a range of clinical complications driven by their health status, comorbidities, and disease responsiveness. Patients with COVID-19 also encounter cardiovascular conditions that potentially increase their risk for mortality. Few clinical studies reveal the development of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in patients with COVID-19.
New York City, USA, continues to witness and report a high incidence and prevalence of COVID-19 infections. New York City’s healthcare centres and hospitals have treated more than 6,000 cases of COVID-19 pneumonia in their inpatient and intensive care units.
The authors conducted a retrospective study of patients admitted to NYC Health + Hospitals, Queens, New York City, USA, with confirmed COVID-19 reverse transcriptase-PCR test findings between 29th March 2020 and 1st May 2020. The authors used a retrospective case series design to evaluate the association between laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection and hospitalisation for acute myocardial infarction. They utilised a series of ECGs to record and analyse STEMI patterns across patients with COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the risk/incidence of STEMI in patients with COVID-19, and its impact on their clinical presentation, angiographic findings, and clinical outcomes. The authors hypothesised STEMI as a significant COVID-19 complication, with the potential to impact the long-term prognostic outcomes of patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Lakhdar
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, New York City, USA; NYC Health + Hospitals, Queens, New York City, USA
| | - Chandan Buttar
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, New York City, USA; NYC Health + Hospitals, Queens, New York City, USA
| | - Laura Guzman Perez
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, New York City, USA; NYC Health + Hospitals, Queens, New York City, USA
| | - Nso Nso
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, New York City, USA; NYC Health + Hospitals, Queens, New York City, USA
| | - Mahmoud Nassar
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, New York City, USA; NYC Health + Hospitals, Queens, New York City, USA
| | - Giovina Collura
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, New York City, USA; NYC Health + Hospitals, Queens, New York City, USA
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Clinical Policies and Procedures for Critical Care Transport during a Respiratory Pandemic. Prehosp Disaster Med 2021; 36:762-766. [PMID: 34548119 PMCID: PMC8503069 DOI: 10.1017/s1049023x21001023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic of 2020-2021 created unprecedented challenges for clinicians in critical care transport (CCT). These CCT services had to rapidly adjust their clinical approaches to evolving patient demographics, a preponderance of respiratory failure, and transport utilization stratagem. Organizations had to develop and implement new protocols and guidelines in rapid succession, often without the education and training that would have been involved pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). These changes were complicated by the need to protect crew members as well as to optimize patient care. Clinical initiatives included developing an awake proning transport protocol and a protocol to transport intubated proned patients. One service developed a protocol for helmet ventilation to minimize aerosolization risks for patients on noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). While these clinical protocols were developed specifically for COVID-19, the growth in practice will enhance the care of patients with other causes of respiratory failure. Additionally, these processes will apply to future respiratory epidemics and pandemics.
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