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Teng F, Wang Z, Ren K, Liu S, Ding H. Analysis of composition characteristics and treatment techniques of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120783. [PMID: 38579475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The rapid development of the economy and society is causing an increase in the amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) produced by people's daily lives. With the strong support of the Chinese government, incineration power generation has steadily become the primary method of treating MSW, accounting for 79.86%. However, burning produces a significant amount of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA), which contains heavy metals, soluble chlorine salts, and dioxins. China's MSWI-FA yield increased by 8.23% annually to 7.80 million tons in 2022. Besides, the eastern region, especially the southeastern coastal region, has the highest yield of MSWI-FA. There are certain similarities in the chemical characteristics of MSWI-FA samples from Northeast, North, East, and South China. Zn and CaO have the largest amounts of metals and oxides, respectively. The Cl content is about 20 wt%. This study provides an overview of the techniques used in the thermal treatment method, solidification and stabilization, and separation and extraction of MSWI-FA and compares their benefits and drawbacks. In addition, the industrial applications and standard requirements of landfill treatment and resource utilization of MSWI-FA in China are analyzed. It is discovered that China's resource utilization of MSWI-FA is insufficient through the study on the fly ash disposal procedures at a few MSW incineration facilities located in the economically developed Guangdong Province and the traditional industrial city of Tianjin. Finally, the prospects for the disposal of MSWI-FA were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Teng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Hebei Survey Institute of Gelogy, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Ke Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Shejiang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Hui Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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Moktadir MA, Ren J. Promoting sustainable management of hazardous waste-to-wealth practices: An innovative integrated DPSIR and decision-making framework. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118470. [PMID: 37399626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable valorization of tannery sludge (TS) is vital for achieving several sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the tannery industry. TS is considered a hazardous waste by-product posing a significant environmental challenge. However, TS can be utilized for energy or resource recovery by considering it as biomass and implementing the circular economy (CE) concept. Therefore, this study aims to develop an innovative DPSIR (Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, and Response) framework for promoting sustainable valorization of TS. Further, the study extends to quantify the importance of subjective DPSIR factors by offering interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy number-based best worst method (IVIFN-BWM), which is relatively new in the literature and able to deal with the uncertainty, inconsistency, imprecise, and vagueness in the decision-making process. The study also investigates the most appropriate TS valorization technologies concerning identified DPSIR factors using a novel IVIFN-combined compromise solution (CoCoSo) approach. This research contributes to the literature by developing a comprehensive solution approach that combines the DPSIR framework, IVIFN-BWM, and IVIFN-CoCoSo method in addressing sustainability and resource recovery challenges for the tannery industry. The research findings highlight the potential of sustainable valorization of TS in reducing the waste amount and promoting sustainability and CE practices in the tannery industry. The findings indicated that response factors 'creation of national-level policies and awareness campaign' and 'facilitating financial support to adopt waste valorization technologies' received the highest priority among other DPSIR factors for managing and fostering sustainable valorization of TS. The IVIFN-CoCoSo analysis confirmed that the most promising TS valorization technology is 'gasification', which is followed by pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and incineration. The study's implications extend to policymakers, industrial practitioners, and researchers, who can leverage the research findings to develop more sustainable TS management practices in the tannery industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Moktadir
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Jingzheng Ren
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Wang S, Wang F, Che J, Ma L. Study on the Performance and Mechanism of Cement Solidified Desulfurization Manganese Residue. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114184. [PMID: 37297318 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Desulfurized manganese residue (DMR) is an industrial solid residue produced by high-temperature and high-pressure desulfurization calcination of electrolytic manganese residue (EMR). DMR not only occupies land resources but also easily causes heavy metal pollution in soil, surface water, and groundwater. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the DMR safely and effectively so that it can be used as a resource. In this paper, Ordinary Portland cement (P.O 42.5) was used as a curing agent to treat DMR harmlessly. The effects of cement content and DMR particle size on flexural strength, compressive strength, and leaching toxicity of a cement-DMR solidified body were studied. The phase composition and microscopic morphology of the solidified body were analyzed by XRD, SEM, and EDS, and the mechanism of cement-DMR solidification was discussed. The results show that the flexural strength and compressive strength of a cement-DMR solidified body can be significantly improved by increasing the cement content to 80 mesh particle size. When the cement content is 30%, the DMR particle size has a great influence on the strength of the solidified body. When the DMR particle size is 4 mesh, the DMR particles will form stress concentration points in the solidified body and reduce its strength. In the DMR leaching solution, the leaching concentration of Mn is 2.8 mg/L, and the solidification rate of Mn in the cement-DMR solidified body with 10% cement content can reach 99.8%. The results of XRD, SEM, and EDS showed that quartz (SiO2) and gypsum dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O) were the main phases in the raw slag. Quartz and gypsum dihydrate could form ettringite (AFt) in the alkaline environment provided by cement. Mn was finally solidified by MnO2, and Mn could be solidified in C-S-H gel by isomorphic replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Wang
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jialing Che
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Lihua Ma
- Ningxia Tianyuan Manganese Industry Group Co., Ltd., Zhongwei 755100, China
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Akter A, Goto M, Megat Mohd Noor MJ, Parvez A, Khanam S, Bakar Siddique MA, Hossain MF, Kormoker T. Immobilization of heavy metals in tannery sludge by the formation of tobermorite in subcritical water treatment with rice husk silica. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10610-10620. [PMID: 37025665 PMCID: PMC10071302 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00595j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tannery sludge, heavy metals (HMs) enriched hazardous solid waste, is produced extensively in many regions of the world. Even though the sludge is hazardous, it can be considered a material resource, if organic matter and HMs in the sludge can be stabilized to minimize its negative environmental impacts. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of using subcritical water (SCW) treatment for tannery sludge treatment through immobilization and thus reduction of HMs to mitigate their potential environmental risk and toxicity. HMs in the tannery sludge were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the average concentration of HMs (mg kg-1) was found in the following decreasing order of Cr (12 950) > Fe (1265) > Cu (76) > Mn (44) > Zn (36) > Pb (14) with very high Cr concentration. The result of toxicity characteristics leaching procedure and sequential extraction procedure tests revealed that the raw tannery sludge leachate contained 11.24 mg L-1 Cr, which classified the raw tannery sludge into a very high-risk category. After SCW treatment, the concentration of Cr in leachate was reduced to 1.6 mg L-1 indicating risk reduction to a low-risk category. The eco-toxicity levels of other HMs also decreased considerably after SCW treatment. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were employed to identify the effective immobilizing substances formed in the SCW treatment process. The favorable formation of immobilizing orthorhombic tobermorite (Ca5Si6O16(OH)2·4H2O) at 240 °C in the SCW treatment process was confirmed by XRD and SEM analysis. The results confirmed that the formation of 11 Å tobermorite is capable of strongly immobilizing HMs in the SCW treatment process. Further, both orthorhombic 11 Å tobermorite and 9 Å tobermorite were successfully synthesized by SCW treatment on a mixture of tannery sludge including rice husk silica and Ca(OH)2 with water under rather mild conditions. Hence, it can be concluded that SCW treatment of tannery sludge with supplementary silica from rice husk can effectively immobilize the HMs and significantly reduce their environmental risk through tobermorite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Akter
- Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia KL Campus Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra 54100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- Department of Emergency Management, Faculty of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki Patuakhali-8602 Bangladesh
| | - Masafumi Goto
- Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia KL Campus Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra 54100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Megat Johari Megat Mohd Noor
- Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia KL Campus Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra 54100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Parvez
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki Patuakhali-8602 Bangladesh
| | - Shamsunnahar Khanam
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhanmondi Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Md Faysal Hossain
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology No. 130, Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Tapos Kormoker
- Department of Emergency Management, Faculty of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki Patuakhali-8602 Bangladesh
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Zhou Q, Jiang X, Qiu Q, Zhao Y, Long L. Synthesis of high-quality NaP1 zeolite from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash by microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and its adsorption capacity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158741. [PMID: 36115393 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Si and Al in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) can be utilized for zeolite fabrication, which can improve the application value of the products. This study focuses on the fabrication of zeolite from MSWI FA by microwave-assisted hydrothermal (MH) treatment. The effects of magnetic stirring time, Na2SiO3 dosage, MH time, and NaOH solution concentration on the crystallization of zeolite NaP1 from MSWI FA are systematically analyzed. The synthetic products are analyzed through spectroscopic and mineralogical methods. The results show that zeolite NaP1 with high crystallinity (51.68 %) can be fabricated by magnetic stirring and MH treatment, and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the product can reach a value of 2.58 meq/g, which is approximately 133 times that of the CEC of MSWI FA. The Si/Al ratio plays a decisive role in the zeolite NaP1 synthesis, and a Na2SiO3 dosage of 30 wt% is adopted for zeolite NaP1 fabrication. A NaOH concentration of 1 M is sufficient for zeolite NaP1 synthesis. Additionally, the zeolite NaP1 content is found to obviously increase with increasing MH time from 0.5 h to 2 h. To demonstrate the feasibility of the method provided in this study, the optimal experimental condition is employed for various MSWI FAs, and zeolite NaP1 and analcime are fabricated successfully. The leachability of heavy metals for the synthetic products was evaluated, which met the requirements for pollution control. The BET surface area and total pore volume of zeolite NaP1 fabricated at optimal condition are 61.42 m2/g and 0.44 cm3/g, respectively. The adsorption capacity of zeolite NaP1 for Cu2+ ion and methylene blue are determined to be 84.65 mg/g and 84.55 mg/g, respectively, indicating zeolite NaP1 is a potential adsorbent for cation ion and dyes. This study provides an environmentally friendly scheme for the utilization of MSWI FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuguang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qili Qiu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, No. 1 Hongjing Road, Nanjing 211167, China.
| | - Yimeng Zhao
- Power China Hebei Electric Power Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. D, No. 6 Jianhua North St., Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ling Long
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang University Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
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Zhan X, Wang L, Gong J, Deng R, Wu M. Co-stabilization/solidification of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and electrolytic manganese residue based on self-bonding characteristics. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135793. [PMID: 35872056 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash and electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) were classified as hazardous waste, must be harmlessly processed prior to subsequent treatment or disposal. The competition between massive free manganese ions of raw EMR and other heavy metals was found, thus raw EMR was pretreated by calcining to eliminate competition of manganese with other heavy metals for stabilizer complexation. MSWI fly ash was successfully solidified with 6% NaH2PO4, 6% H2NCSNH2 and 20% sintered EMR (800 °C). The addition of sintered EMR enhanced solidification/stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash and the resulting product had a higher compressive strength for further reutilization like trench backfilling, structural fill and void filling. The stabilization/solidification mechanism of heavy metals was attributed to the combined interaction of heavy metal precipitation in stabilizers and ion exchange or physical encapsulation in silicate compounds like calcium silicate, which is a feasible and valuable approach to co-disposal of MSWI fly ash and EMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhan
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China; East China Engineering Science and Technology Co., LTD, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Li'ao Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 40044, PR China.
| | - Jian Gong
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 40044, PR China
| | - Rui Deng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Meng Wu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan, Anhui, 232001, PR China
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Combined Treatment of Cr(VI)-Contaminated Soils by Reduction, Adsorption, and Solidification. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil usually includes reducing Cr(VI) to Cr(III) with sub-sequent solidification. In this paper, a treatment technique that combines reduction, adsorption, and solidification was proposed. By introducing an adsorbent into the reduction process, the remediation effectiveness was improved and the amount of reducing and solidified agent was decreased. Synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP), unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis were carried out to evaluate the remediation effect under different agent combinations and different agent-adding procedures. The results of SPLP showed that the reduction/adsorption/solidification treatment significantly reduced the leachability of Cr. UCS increased with increasing dosage of cement and CaS5, and decreased with an increasing dosage of vermiculite. The best agent dosage was CaS5 of 2 times molar stoichiometric ratio of Cr(VI), 15% of vermiculite, and 20% of cement. Orthogonal test showed that for soil with low Cr(VI) content, CaS5 dosage was the most important factor that affected the leachability of Cr. Cement and vermiculite have greater impact in limiting the leachability of Cr when Cr(VI) content in soil increased.
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8
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Zhang WJ, Lin MF. Influence of redox potential on leaching behavior of a solidified chromium contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 733:139410. [PMID: 32446097 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cement-based solidification/stabilization (S/S) technology is often used to remediate chromium (Cr) contaminated soils. The valence state and mobility of Cr in soils are closely related with redox potential (EH). However, Cr mobilization from the solidified soils influenced by EH has received little attention. In this study, semi-dynamic leaching tests and the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) were performed on a S/S treated Cr contaminated soil under various EH conditions. The effective diffusion coefficient and leachability index were obtained from the leaching data to investigate the leaching behavior of Cr from the S/S treated soil. Speciation of Cr remained in the sample after the leaching process was obtained through the sequential extraction procedures. The results show that an increase in EH increases the effective diffusion coefficient of Cr and, therefore, the amount of Cr leached. This result is attributed to immobile Cr(III) being oxidized to highly mobile Cr(VI). The leachability index results indicate that the cement solidification of Cr contaminated soil may not be appropriate under oxidizing conditions. For the TCLP and sequential extraction procedures, the leached amount of Cr exhibits a strong dependence on EH. As EH increases, the content of Cr remaining in the soil in unstable phases reduced, and more Cr was released to leachant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China.
| | - Ming-Feng Lin
- Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
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Ma W, Chen D, Pan M, Gu T, Zhong L, Chen G, Yan B, Cheng Z. Performance of chemical chelating agent stabilization and cement solidification on heavy metals in MSWI fly ash: A comparative study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 247:169-177. [PMID: 31247364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal stabilization by chemical chelating agent and solidification by cement are technologies currently used to reduce the leaching of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash. This paper studied the physico-chemical properties of the fly ash, heavy metals content in the fly ash, and the leaching concentration of the heavy metals from fly ash. The effect of four chelating agents namely dithiocarbamate (1#), dithiocarbamic acid dipotassium salt (2#), amino dithiocarbamate chelating resin (3#) and thiourea (4#) on the stabilization and leaching of heavy metals were investigated. Different addition ratios (1%, 2% and 3% w/w) of the chelating agents, various curing time (7, 14, 28 days), and different amounts of the cement (10%, 15% and 20% w/w) were used in order to find the agent with the optimum stabilization and leaching of heavy metals as well as find the effect of combining the agent and cement. The results showed that the dithiocarbamate (1#) chelating agent had the best stabilizing performance due to the three-dimensional structure after their reaction. The addition of cement to the fly ash led to the immobilization of heavy metals due to the C-S-H gel formation. The technology of cement solidification and chelating agent stabilization was optimal from the point of economic cost and the complexity aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Ma
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Minhui Pan
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tianbao Gu
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850012, China.
| | - Beibei Yan
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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10
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Malaiškienė J, Kizinievič O, Kizinievič V. A Study on Tannery Sludge as a Raw Material for Cement Mortar. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12091562. [PMID: 31086022 PMCID: PMC6539026 DOI: 10.3390/ma12091562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The paper analyses the properties (chemical and mineral composition, microstructure, density, etc.) of recycled tannery sludge (TS) and the possibilities for using it in cement mortar mixture. Mortar specimens containing 3–12% of tannery sludge by weight of cement and 3–9% of tannery sludge by weight of sand were tested. Flowability, density, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), flexural and compressive strength, water absorption and sorptivity of the mortar were analysed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of tannery sludge and mortar are presented. The tests revealed that replacement of 6% of cement with tannery sludge in the mix increased flexural and compressive strength and UPV values, whereas water absorption decreased. SEM and XRD analysis revealed that specimens with tannery sludge contained lower amounts of ettringite and higher amounts of portlandite; the obtained structure was denser and contained more calcium hydrosilicates (C-S-H). Chromium leaching values in cement mortars were found not to exceed the limit values set forth in Directive 2003/33/EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurgita Malaiškienė
- Laboratory of Composite Materials, Institute of Building Materials, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Linkmenų St. 28, LT 08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Olga Kizinievič
- Laboratory of Composite Materials, Institute of Building Materials, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Linkmenų St. 28, LT 08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Viktor Kizinievič
- Laboratory of Composite Materials, Institute of Building Materials, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Linkmenų St. 28, LT 08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Shu J, Wu H, Liu R, Liu Z, Li B, Chen M, Tao C. Simultaneous stabilization/solidification of Mn 2+ and NH 4+-N from electrolytic manganese residue using MgO and different phosphate resource. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 148:220-227. [PMID: 29055206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examined simultaneous stabilization and solidification (S/S) of Mn2+ and NH4+-N from electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) using MgO and different phosphate resource. The characteristics of EMR NH4+-N and Mn2+ S/S behavior, S/S mechanisms, leaching test and economic analysis, were investigated. The results show that the S/S efficiency of Mn2+ and NH4+-N could reach 91.58% and 99.98%, respectively, and the pH value is 8.75 when the molar ratio of Mg:P is 3:1 and the dose of PM (MgO and Na3PO4·12H2O) is 8wt%. In this process, Mn2+ could mainly be stabilized in the forms of Mn(H2PO4)2·2H2O, Mn3(PO4)2·3H2O, Mn(OH)2, and MnOOH, and NH4+-N in the form of NH4MgPO4·6H2O. Economic evaluation indicates that using PM process has a lower cost than HPM and HOM process for the S/S of Mn2+ and NH4+-N from EMR at the same stabilization agent dose. Leaching test values of all the measured metals are within the permitted level for the GB8978-1996 test suggested when the dose of PM, HPM and HOM is 8wt%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle (SWUST), Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Haiping Wu
- School of Education China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Renlong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zuohua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bing Li
- Sinochem Chongqing Fuling Chemicals Co., Ltd., Fuling, Chongqing 408000, China
| | - Mengjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle (SWUST), Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Changyuan Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Juel MAI, Mizan A, Ahmed T. Sustainable use of tannery sludge in brick manufacturing in Bangladesh. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 60:259-269. [PMID: 28081994 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chromium-rich tannery sludge generated from tanneries has the potential to become a serious environmental burden in Bangladesh and a promising avenue for disposal of this sludge is by stabilizing it in clay brick products. But for sustainable industrial application of such technique it needs to be ensured first that the engineering properties of bricks as a building material are not diminished by addition of sludge, the process becomes energy efficient compared to alternatives and the use of such bricks do not pose any harmful environmental effects in the long run. In this study, clay bricks were prepared with different proportions of sludge (10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by dry weight) in both laboratory-controlled and field conditions and their suitability as a construction material was assessed based on their strength, water absorption, shrinkage, weight-loss on ignition and bulk density. For the sludge incorporated bricks, the compressive strength ranged from 10.98MPa to 29.61MPa and water absorption ranged from 7.2% to 20.9%, which in most cases met both the Bangladesh and ASTM criteria for bricks as a construction material. Volumetric shrinkage, weight loss and efflorescence properties of sludge-amended bricks were found to be favorable and it was estimated that an energy saving of 15-47% could potentially be achieved during firing with 10-40% tannery sludge-amended bricks. The quality of sludge-amended bricks made in the brick kiln was relatively inferior compared to bricks produced in the laboratory due to operating in a less-controlled environment with respect to maintaining adequate compaction and optimum moisture content. The leaching behavior of several heavy metals (Cr, As, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb and Zn) from sludge-amended bricks has been found to be insignificant and far below the Dutch regulations and USEPA regulatory limits. Results from this study indicate that tannery sludge can be sustainably stabilized in clay bricks and large-scale application of this technique can be envisaged in the context of Bangladesh where brick remains a dominant building material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ariful Islam Juel
- Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh.
| | - Al Mizan
- Leather Research Institute, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Tanvir Ahmed
- Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Varitis S, Kavouras P, Pavlidou E, Pantazopoulou E, Vourlias G, Chrissafis K, Zouboulis AI, Karakostas T, Komninou P. Vitrification of incinerated tannery sludge in silicate matrices for chromium stabilization. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 59:237-246. [PMID: 27765494 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The vitrification process was applied for the stabilization and solidification of a rich in chromium ash that was the by-product of incineration of tannery sludge. Six different batch compositions were produced, based on silica as the glass former and sodium and calcium oxides as flux agents. As-vitrified products (monoliths) were either composed of silicate matrices with separated from the melt Eskolaite (Cr2O3) crystallites or were homogeneous glasses (in one case). All as-vitrified products were thermally treated in order to transform them to partially crystallized, i.e. devitrified products. Devitrification is an important part of the work since studying the transformation of the initial as-vitrified products into glass-ceramics with better properties could result to stabilized products with potential added value. The devitrified products were diversified by the effective crystallization mode and separated crystal phase composition. These variations originated from differences in: (a) batch composition of the initial as-vitrified products and (b) thermal treatment conditions. In devitrified products crystallization led to the separation of Devitrite (Na2Ca3Si6O16), Combeite (Na4Ca4Si6O18) and Wollastonite (CaSiO3) crystalline phases, while Eskolaite crystallites were not affected by thermal treatment. Leaching test results revealed that chromium was successfully stabilized inside the as-vitrified monoliths. Devitrification impairs chromium stabilization, only in the case where the initial as-vitrified product was a homogeneous glass. In all other cases, devitrification did not affect successful chromium stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Varitis
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P Kavouras
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E Pavlidou
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E Pantazopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - G Vourlias
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - K Chrissafis
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A I Zouboulis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Th Karakostas
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ph Komninou
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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14
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Chen T, Zhou Z, Xu S, Wang H, Lu W. Adsorption behavior comparison of trivalent and hexavalent chromium on biochar derived from municipal sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 190:388-94. [PMID: 25978792 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, static equilibrium experiments were conducted to distinguish the adsorption performance between the two valence states of chromium on biochar derived from municipal sludge. The removal capacity of Cr(VI) is lower than 7mg/g at the initial chromium concentration range of 50-200mg/L, whereas that of Cr(III) higher than 20mg/g. It indicates that Cr(III) is much easier to be stabilized than Cr(VI). No significant changes in the biochar surface functional groups are observed before and after the adsorption equilibrium, demonstrating the poor contribution of organic matter in chromium adsorption. The main mechanism of heavy metal adsorption by biochar involves (1) surface precipitation through pH increase caused by biochar buffer ability, and (2) exchange between cations in solution (Cd(2+)) and in biochar matrix (e.g. Ca(2+) and Mg(2+)). The reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) is necessary to improve removal efficiency of chromium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zeyu Zhou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sai Xu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Wenjing Lu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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