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Sar T, Marchlewicz A, Harirchi S, Mantzouridou FT, Hosoglu MI, Akbas MY, Hellwig C, Taherzadeh MJ. Resource recovery and treatment of wastewaters using filamentous fungi. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175752. [PMID: 39182768 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater, often characterized by its proximity to neutral pH, presents a promising opportunity for fungal utilization despite the prevalent preference of fungi for acidic conditions. This review addresses this discrepancy, highlighting the potential of certain industrial wastewaters, particularly those with low pH levels, for fungal biorefinery. Additionally, the economic implications of biomass recovery and compound separation, factors that require explicit were emphasized. Through an in-depth analysis of various industrial sectors, including food processing, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and paper-pulp, this study explores how filamentous fungi can effectively harness the nutrient-rich content of wastewaters to produce valuable resources. The pivotal role of ligninolytic enzymes synthesized by fungi in wastewater purification is examined, as well as their ability to absorb metal contaminants. Furthermore, the diverse benefits of fungal biorefinery are underscored, including the production of protein-rich single-cell protein, biolipids, enzymes, and organic acids, which not only enhance environmental sustainability but also foster economic growth. Finally, the challenges associated with scaling up fungal biorefinery processes for wastewater treatment are critically evaluated, providing valuable insights for future research and industrial implementation. This comprehensive analysis aims to elucidate the potential of fungal biorefinery in addressing industrial wastewater challenges while promoting sustainable resource utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | - Ariel Marchlewicz
- University of Silesia in Katowice, The Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; University of Jyväskylä, The Faculty of Mathematics and Science, The Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Survontie 9c, FI-40500 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sharareh Harirchi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden; Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran P.O. Box 3353-5111, Iran
| | - Fani Th Mantzouridou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Muge Isleten Hosoglu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Türkiye
| | - Meltem Yesilcimen Akbas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Türkiye
| | - Coralie Hellwig
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
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Ibrahim S, Abdul Wahab N. Optimizing neural network algorithms for submerged membrane bioreactor: A comparative study of OVAT and RSM hyperparameter optimization techniques. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:1701-1724. [PMID: 38619898 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Hyperparameter tuning is an important process to maximize the performance of any neural network model. This present study proposed the factorial design of experiment for screening and response surface methodology to optimize the hyperparameter of two artificial neural network algorithms. Feed-forward neural network (FFNN) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) are applied to predict the permeate flux of palm oil mill effluent. Permeate pump and transmembrane pressure of the submerge membrane bioreactor system are the input variables. Six hyperparameters of the FFNN model including four numerical factors (neuron numbers, learning rate, momentum, and epoch numbers) and two categorical factors (training and activation function) are used in hyperparameter optimization. RBFNN includes two numerical factors such as a number of neurons and spreads. The conventional method (one-variable-at-a-time) is compared in terms of optimization processing time and the accuracy of the model. The result indicates that the optimal hyperparameters obtained by the proposed approach produce good accuracy with a smaller generalization error. The simulation results show an improvement of more than 65% of training performance, with less repetition and processing time. This proposed methodology can be utilized for any type of neural network application to find the optimum levels of different parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syahira Ibrahim
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Norhaliza Abdul Wahab
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia E-mail:
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Zulfahmi I, El Rahimi SA, Suherman SD, Almunawarah A, Sardi A, Helmi K, Nafis B, Perdana AW, Adani KH, Admaja Nasution IA, Sumon KA, Rahman MM. Acute toxicity of palm oil mill effluent on zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822): Growth performance, behavioral responses and histopathological lesions. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139788. [PMID: 37574082 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating the toxicity of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is critical as part of the effort to develop waste management regulations for the palm oil industry. In this study, we investigated the acute toxicity of POME on growth performance, behavioral response, and histopathology of gill and liver tissues of zebrafish (Danio rerio). In total, 550 adult male zebrafish were used for the toxicity experiment including range finding test, acute toxicity test, growth performance and behaviour test. Static non-renewal acute toxicity bioassays were conducted by exposing fish to POME (1.584-9.968 mL/L) for 96 h. Growth performance, behavior response, and histopathological lesions in untreated and POME treated (96-h LC50: 5.156 mL/L) fish were measured at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Time-dependent significant decline in body length and body weight of POME-exposed zebrafish was observed. Furthermore, several behavioral changes were recorded, including hyperactivity, loss of balance, excessive mucus secretion, and depigmentation. Decreasing operculum movement and oxygen consumption rate as well as alterations in gill tissues (i.e. hyperplasia, hypertrophy, hemorrhage, and necrosis) of POME-exposed zebrafish were observed, suggesting a dysfunction in respiratory performance. On the other hand, liver tissue alterations (congestion, hemorrhage, hyperplasia, shrinkage of hepatocytes, hydrophilic degeneration, and necrosis) indicated a disruption in detoxification performance. We conclude that exposure to POME at acute concentration caused histopathological lesions both in gill and liver tissue along with changes in fish behaviors which disrupted respiratory and detoxification performance, resulting in mortality and reduced growth of zebrafish. These findings might provide valuable information for guiding POME management and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Zulfahmi
- Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
| | - Sayyid Afdhal El Rahimi
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Saed Dedi Suherman
- Center for Aquatic Research and Conservation (CARC), Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Almunawarah Almunawarah
- Center for Aquatic Research and Conservation (CARC), Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Arif Sardi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Kamaliah Helmi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Badratun Nafis
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Adli Waliul Perdana
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Khalisah Huwaina Adani
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Ihdina Alfi Admaja Nasution
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
| | - Kizar Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Reduction in Free Fatty Acid Concentration in Sludge Palm Oil Using Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalysis: Process Optimization, and Reusable Heterogeneous Catalysts. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12091007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid catalysts including Amberlyst 15 and sulfuric acid were used for heterogeneous and homogeneous catalyst reactions respectively, to reduce high free fatty acid (FFA) in sludge palm oil (SPO) using an esterification process. The goal of this research was to reduce high FFA content in SPO to less than 1 wt.% FFA so that it can be employed as a raw material in a transesterification process to produce biodiesel. Amberlyst 15 is an eco-friendly catalyst with many benefits, such as being reusable and generating non-toxic waste after reactions, compared to homogeneous catalysts, although the reaction time of the homogeneous catalyst was faster than the heterogeneous catalytic reaction. Therefore, esterification reactions with a heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic reaction were carried out to examine conversion of FFA. The heterogeneous catalytic reaction decreased the FFA content from 89.16 wt.% to 1.26 wt.% under the recommended conditions of 44.7 wt.% methanol, 38.6 wt.% Amberlyst 15 catalyst loading, and 360 min reaction time. For homogeneous catalytic reaction, the FFA content of 1.03 wt.% was achieved under the recommended conditions of 58.4 wt.% methanol, 16.8 wt.% sulfuric acid, and 79.7 min reaction time. Furthermore, the results of the reusability research demonstrate that the heterogeneous catalyst may be reused for at least nine cycles. This research showed the promising potential of using SPO non-edible oil for biodiesel production by employing an eco-friendly heterogeneous catalyst for cost-effective environmental remediation.
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Ahmar Siddiqui M, Parnthong J, Kungsanant S, Chavadej S, Chaiprapat S. Influences of specific surfactant structures on biohydrogen production from oily wastewater in batch and continuous anaerobic dark fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127617. [PMID: 35840022 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Residual oil in palm oil mill effluent (POME) poses difficulties in its treatment chain. Non-ionic surfactants containing different hydrophobic tail structures and their optimal concentrations were evaluated for effectiveness in biohydrogen production. By adding the surfactants at their critical micelle concentration in synthetic oily wastewater, the maximal H2 yield was increased by 2.2 and 3.5 times for Triton X-100 and Tergitol 15-S-9, respectively, compared to the control. Using real POME, the supplemental Tergitol 15-S-9 resulted in a 56.4 % improvement in H2 production. For continuous digestion studies, pure POME and Tergitol 15-S-9 supplemented POME (sPOME) were fed to thermophilic anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (ASBRs) under hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 32-12.5 days. Optimally at HRT 19 days, H2 content in the biogas from sPOME-fed ASBR was noticeably higher, which gave a superior yield of 203.4 mLH2/gCODremoved (+15 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahmar Siddiqui
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jatuporn Parnthong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Suratsawadee Kungsanant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Sumaeth Chavadej
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sumate Chaiprapat
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, PSU Energy Systems Research Institute, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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Das PP, Sharma M, Purkait MK. Recent progress on electrocoagulation process for wastewater treatment: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mohamad NA, Hamzah S, Che Harun MH, Ali A, Rasit N, Awang M, Rahman WRWA, Azmi AAAR, Abu Habib AA, Amri Zahid MS, Fahmi Mustofa AA, Latfi SA, Aripin SM, Saad R. Integration of copperas and calcium hydroxide as a chemical coagulant and coagulant aid for efficient treatment of palm oil mill effluent. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130873. [PMID: 34022596 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is highly polluted wastewater that is to the environment if discharged directly to water source without proper treatment. Thus, a highly efficient treatment with reasonable cost is needed. This study reports the coagulation treatment of POME using integrated copperas and calcium hydroxide. The properties of copperas were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Coagulation was conducted using jar test experiments for various coagulant formulations and dosages (1000-5000 mg/L), initial pH (4-10), stirring speed (100-300 rpm), and sedimentation time (30-180 min). The characterisation results show that copperas has a compact gel network structure with strong O-H stretching and monoclinic crystal structure. The effectiveness of integrated copperas and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) with the formulation of 80:20 removed 77.6%, 73.4%, and 57.0% of turbidity, colour, and chemical oxygen demand (COD), respectively. Furthermore, the integration of copperas and Ca(OH)2 produced heavier flocs (ferric hydroxide), which improved gravity settling. The coagulation equilibrium analysis shows that the Langmuir model best described the anaerobic POME sample as the process exhibited monolayer adsorption. The results of this study show that copperas with the aid of Ca(OH)2 demonstrated high potential in the removal of those parameters from POME with acceptable final pH for discharge. The utilisation of this by-product as a coagulant in effluent treatment can unlock the potential of copperas for wider applications, improve its marketability, and reduce gypsum waste generation from the TiO2 industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Aqilah Mohamad
- Environmental Sustainable Material Research Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Sofiah Hamzah
- Environmental Sustainable Material Research Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammad Hakim Che Harun
- Environmental Sustainable Material Research Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Asmadi Ali
- Environmental Sustainable Material Research Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nazaitulshila Rasit
- Environmental Sustainable Material Research Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Awang
- Environmental Sustainable Material Research Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Wan Rafizah Wan Abd Rahman
- Environmental Sustainable Material Research Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Alyza Azzura Abd Rahman Azmi
- Environmental Sustainable Material Research Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - A A Abu Habib
- Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University of Gaza, PO Box 108, Rimal St., Gaza City, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | - Rozano Saad
- Venator Asia Sdn. Bhd., Teluk Kalung, 24007, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia
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8
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Kamyab H, Yuzir MA, Al-Qaim FF, Purba LDA, Riyadi FA. Application of Box-Behnken design to mineralization and color removal of palm oil mill effluent by electrocoagulation process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 30:10.1007/s11356-021-16197-z. [PMID: 34480301 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16197-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, palm oil mill effluent (POME) was treated using electrocoagulation, whereby the influencing factors including voltage, electrolysis time, and electrolyte amount were optimized to achieve the highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removal efficiencies. Graphite was selected as electrode material due to its performance better compared to aluminum and copper. Response surface methodology (RSM) was carried out for optimization of the electrocoagulation operating parameters. The best model obtained using Box-Behnken design (BBD) were quadratic for COD removal (R2 = 0.9844), color reduction (R2 = 0.9412), and oil and grease removal (R2 = 0.9724). The result from the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was obtained to determine the relationship between factors and treatment efficiencies. The experimental results under optimized conditions such as voltage 14, electrolysis time of 3 h, and electrolyte amount of 13.41 g/L show that the electrocoagulation process effectively reduced the COD (56%), color (65%), and oil and grease (99%) of the POME treatment. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Kamyab
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Ali Yuzir
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Fouad Fadhil Al-Qaim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences for Women, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
| | - Laila Dina Amalia Purba
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Azizah Riyadi
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Aka BZE, Djeni TN, Konan HK, Semeniuc CA, Rotar AM, Suharoschi R, Dje MK. Characterization of a Potential Isozyme Laccase from Trametes polyzona MPS1-3 and its Contribution to Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:3246-3257. [PMID: 34232363 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The high phenolic content of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) constitutes an environmental concern. In this study, laccase producing microorganisms were isolated from POME samples collected in Côte d'Ivoire for their possible use in POME treatment. Strain showing the highest laccase activity was identified by ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region sequencing as Trametes polyzona. A maximum laccase production (156.3 U/mL) was obtained after 10 days of incubation under shaking condition, at 37 °C, pH 4, with starch (1%), tryptone (0.3%) and 10 mM of guaiacol. The partially purified laccase of 31 kDa exhibited maximum activity at 50 °C and pH 4.5 with a Km for guaiacol and Vmax of 0.7 mM and 0.04 mM/min, respectively. Metals, SDS and EDTA did not inhibit his activity. Used as biotreatment agent, T. polyzona MPS1-3 reduced COD, total suspended solids, total solids and total phenolics by 16.03%, 70.15%, 38.9%, 50.84%, respectively, for sterilized POME and by 13.09%, 58.07%, 36.53%, 42.05% for unsterilized POME. These results showed the promising application of T. polyzona for bioremediation of phenolics compounds in wastewater and it potentially useful in several other biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedicte Z E Aka
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Et Microbiologie Des Aliments, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
- Laboratoire de Biocatalyse Et Des Bioprocédés, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Theodore N Djeni
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Et Microbiologie Des Aliments, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Hubert K Konan
- Laboratoire de Biocatalyse Et Des Bioprocédés, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Cristina A Semeniuc
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ancuţa M Rotar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ramona Suharoschi
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marcellin K Dje
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Et Microbiologie Des Aliments, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
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Hassan G, Shabbir MA, Ahmad F, Pasha I, Aslam N, Ahmad T, Rehman A, Manzoor MF, Inam-Ur-Raheem M, Aadil RM. Cereal processing waste, an environmental impact and value addition perspectives: A comprehensive treatise. Food Chem 2021; 363:130352. [PMID: 34153676 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This review is to describe various methods used for the treatment of cereal processing wastes and their efficiency to reduce environmental issues. Physico-chemical and biological methods have great potential for the treatment of cereal industrial waste. These methods can be used alone or in combination with effective treatment. Physico-chemical treatments are mostly employed for the pretreatment of cereal processing wastes that helps in reduced sludge formation during biological treatments. Biological treatments are mostly used owing to their high efficiency in removing pollutants, and less expensive than physico-chemical treatments. However, these treatments consume more time as compared to physico-chemical treatments. These treatments also proved to be efficient for a high rate of cereal waste conversion into value-added products. Thus, cereal industrial waste can result in value-added products such as biohydrogen, bioethanol, butanol, biogas and biocoal as biofuels, industrial valued enzymes, biomass, biofertilizer, proteins, organic acids, polysaccharides and few others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Hassan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Farah Ahmad
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Imran Pasha
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Noman Aslam
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Talha Ahmad
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Abdur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | | | - Muhammad Inam-Ur-Raheem
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
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11
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Saad MS, Wirzal MDH, Putra ZA. Review on current approach for treatment of palm oil mill effluent: Integrated system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 286:112209. [PMID: 33631516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Malaysia is one of the countries that is well known for its palm oil based products and exports all over the world. Over the years, palm oil mill has been rising at alarming rate in Malaysia, causing palm oil-based wastes to increase especially palm oil mill effluent (POME). POME in Malaysia are channelled into water bodies such as rivers after treated mostly with conventional biological method. However, with current technologies and knowledge, conventional POME treatments are seen to be outdated and require major improvements as greenhouse gaseous are emitted to the environment as well as being less cost effective. Integrated systems that combine two or more conventional methods are introduced and reviewed to provide insights on the advantages and disadvantages of the system if it is to be implemented in real life plant. Integrated systems that focus on combining conventional methods are compiled and reviewed specifically for POME treatment. Among the integrated methods that are reviewed includes biological with membrane, adsorption with magnetic field exposure, adsorption with membrane and electrocoagulation with membrane. The systems are seen to give excellent color, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) removal with average of higher than 90%. Reduction in space utilization, improved treatment time as well as simplified operating system were reported when integrated systems are applied as compared to conventional treatment of POME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Syaamil Saad
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Dzul Hakim Wirzal
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Zulfan Adi Putra
- PETRONAS Group Technical Solutions, Project Delivery and Technology, PETRONAS, Kuala Lumpur, 50050, Malaysia
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Abstract
Ponding system or land application techniques are widely used at industrial scale to treat palm oil mill effluent (POME) prior to discharge to the environment. POME is considered as one of the major problems that has generated voluminously from the palm oil industries. The main purpose of this article is to organize the scattered available information on various aspects and a wide range of promising current POME treatments including biological microorganisms, physicochemical methods of coagulation, and membrane and thermochemical process. In addition, the integrated system of anaerobic-aerobic bioreactor (IAAB), which has been touted as highly efficient with easy control at acceptable temperature range and shorter treatment time, has potential to be exploited for POME treatment. The main influencing factors for IAAB POME treatment are highlighted as outstanding characteristics for challenges and future prospects.
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Oily Wastewater Treatment: Overview of Conventional and Modern Methods, Challenges, and Future Opportunities. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13070980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Industrial developments in the oil and gas, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and food sector have contributed to the large production of oily wastewater worldwide. Oily wastewater pollution affects drinking water and groundwater resources, endangers aquatic life and human health, causes atmospheric pollution, and affects crop production. Several traditional and conventional methods were widely reported, and the advantages and limitations were discussed. However, with the technology innovation, new trends of coupling between techniques, use of new materials, optimization of the cleaning process, and multiphysical approach present new paths for improvement. Despite these trends of improvement and the encouraging laboratory results of modern and green methods, many challenges remain to be raised, particularly the commercialization and the global aspect of these solutions and the reliability to reduce the system’s maintenance and operational cost. In this review, the well-known oily wastewater cleaning methods and approaches are being highlighted, and the obstacles faced in the practical use of these technologies are discussed. A critical review on the technologies and future direction as the road to commercialization is also presented to persevere water resources for the benefit of mankind and all living things.
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Microalgae acclimatization in industrial wastewater and its effect on growth and primary metabolite composition. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Current strategies and perspectives in detection and control of basal stem rot of oil palm. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2840-2849. [PMID: 34012325 PMCID: PMC8116965 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid expansion of oil palm (OP) has led to its emergence as a commodity of strategic global importance. Palm oil is used extensively in food and as a precursor for biodiesel. The oil generates export earnings and bolsters the economy of many countries, particularly Indonesia and Malaysia. However, oil palms are prone to basal stem rot (BSR) caused by Ganoderma boninense which is the most threatening disease of OP. The current control measures for BSR management including cultural practices, mechanical and chemical treatment have not proved satisfactory. Alternative control measures to overcome the G. boninense problem are focused on the use of biological control agents and many potential bioagents were identified with little proven practical application. Planting OP varieties resistant to G. boninense could provide the ideal long-term solution to basal stem rot. The total resistance of palms to G. boninense has not yet been reported, and few examples of partial resistances have been observed. Importantly, basidiospores are now recognized as the method by which the disease is spread, and control methods require to be revaluated because of this phenomenon. Many methods developed to prevent the spread of the disease effectively are only tested at nursery levels and are only reported in national journals inhibiting the development of useful techniques globally. The initial procedures employed by the fungus to infect the OP require consideration in terms of the physiology of the growth of the fungus and its possible control. This review assesses critically the progress that has been made in BSR development and management in OP.
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Ali I, Naz I, Peng C, Abd-Elsalam KA, Khan ZM, Islam T, Pervez R, Amjed MA, Tehrim A, Perveen I, Sehar S. Sources, classifications, constituents, and available treatment technologies for various types of wastewater: An overview. AQUANANOTECHNOLOGY 2021:11-46. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821141-0.00019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Shamsuddin R, Singh G, Kok HY, Hakimi Rosli M, Dawi Cahyono NA, Lam MK, Lim JW, Low A. Palm Oil Industry—Processes, By-Product Treatment and Value Addition. SUSTAINABLE BIOCONVERSION OF WASTE TO VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-61837-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Applications of Fenton oxidation processes for decontamination of palm oil mill effluent: A review. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Barcelos MCS, Ramos CL, Kuddus M, Rodriguez-Couto S, Srivastava N, Ramteke PW, Mishra PK, Molina G. Enzymatic potential for the valorization of agro-industrial by-products. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:1799-1827. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02957-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
Palm oil production is a key industry in tropical regions, driven by the demand for affordable vegetable oil. Palm oil production has been increasing by 9% every year, mostly due to expanding biofuel markets. However, the oil palm industry has been associated with key environmental issues, such as deforestation, peatland exploitation and biomass burning that release carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, leading to climate change. This review therefore aims to discuss the characteristics of oil palm plantations and their impacts, especially CO2 emissions in the Southeast Asian region. The tropical climate and soil in Southeast Asian countries, such as Malaysia and Indonesia, are very suitable for growing oil palm trees. However, due to the scarcity of available plantation areas deforestation occurs, especially in peat swamp areas. Total carbon losses from both biomass and peat due to the conversion of tropical virgin peat swamp forest into oil palm plantations are estimated to be around 427.2 ± 90.7 t C ha−1 and 17.1 ± 3.6 t C ha−1 year−1, respectively. Even though measured CO2 fluxes have shown that overall, oil palm plantation CO2 emissions are about one to two times higher than other major crops, the ability of oil palms to absorb CO2 (a net of 64 tons of CO2 per hectare each year) and produce around 18 tons of oxygen per hectare per year is one of the main advantages of this crop. Since the oil palm industry plays a crucial role in the socio-economic development of Southeast Asian countries, sustainable and environmentally friendly practices would provide economic benefits while minimizing environmental impacts. A comprehensive review of all existing oil plantation procedures is needed to ensure that this high yielding crop has highly competitive environmental benefits.
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Isa MH, Wong LP, Bashir MJK, Shafiq N, Kutty SRM, Farooqi IH, Lee HC. Improved anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent and biogas production by ultrasonication pretreatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137833. [PMID: 32199372 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a highly polluted wastewater that consists of a high organic content of 4-5% total solids; a potential renewable energy source. A waste to energy study was conducted to improve biogas production using POME as substrate by ultrasonication pretreatment at mesophilic temperatures. The effect of temperature on the specific growth rate of anaerobes and methanogenic activity was investigated. Five sets of assays were carried out at operating temperatures between 25 °C and 45 °C. Each set consisted of two experiments using identical anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (AnSBR); fed with raw POME (control) and sonicated POME, respectively. The ultrasonication was set at 16.2 min ultrasonication time and 0.88 W mL-1 ultrasonication density with substrate total solids concentration of 6% (w/v). At 25 °C, biogas production rate and organic matter removal exhibited lowest values for both reactors. The maximum organic degradation was 96% from AnSBR operated at 30 °C fed with sonicated POME and 91% from AnSBR operated at 35 °C fed with unsonicated POME. In addition, the methane yield from AnSBR operated at 30 °C was enhanced by 21.5% after ultrasonication pretreatment. A few normality tests and a t-test were carried out. Both tests indicated that the residuals of the experimental data were normality distributed with mean equals to zero. The results demonstrated that ultrasonication treatment was a promising pretreatment to positively affect the organic degradation and biogas production rates at 30-35 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hasnain Isa
- Civil Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Tungku Highway, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Lai-Peng Wong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia..
| | - Mohammed J K Bashir
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nasir Shafiq
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Izharul Haq Farooqi
- Environmental Engineering Section, Department of Civil Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - How Chinh Lee
- Department of Physical and Mathematical Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
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Jusoh N, Rosly MB, Othman N, Rahman HA, Noah NFM, Sulaiman RNR. Selective extraction and recovery of polyphenols from palm oil mill sterilization condensate using emulsion liquid membrane process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:23246-23257. [PMID: 32335833 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07972-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polluted sterilization condensate discharged from palm oil mill may contain polyphenols that are rich in the antioxidant property. Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process is a promising method for polyphenol recovery due to its several attractive features such as high selectivity, simple operation, and low energy consumption. In this study, the condensate was characterized to determine its total phenolic content (TPC), ionic elements, and pH. ELM formulation containing tributylphosphate (TBP) as a carrier, kerosene as a diluent, sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) as a surfactant, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as a stripping agent was developed. The results show that sterilization condensate contains 700-1500 mg GAE/L of TPC. During the ELM process, more than 91% of extraction with 83% recovery and 8.3 enrichment were achieved at the favorable condition of 0.1 M TBP, external phase pH 5, 1 M NaOH, 1:5 treat ratio, 5% v/v of octanol as a modifier, and 100 mg GAE/L external phase concentrations. Thus, ELM offers a potential alternative technology to extract and recover polyphenols from palm oil mill sterilization condensate while contributing to sustainable production. Graphical abstract Extraction of polyphenols from palm oil mill sterilization condensate using ELM process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norela Jusoh
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Bukhari Rosly
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Norasikin Othman
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
- Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Hilmi Abdul Rahman
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Norul Fatiha Mohamed Noah
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Raja Norimie Raja Sulaiman
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Johnson D, Lun AW, Mohammed AW, Hilal N. Dewatering of POME digestate using lignosulfonate driven forward osmosis. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Vegetative growth enhancement of organic fertilizer from anaerobically-treated palm oil mill effluent (POME) supplemented with chicken manure in food-energy-water nexus challenge. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Monitoring of Ammoniacal Nitrogen and Phosphate in the Leachates When Diluted Palm Oil Mill Effluent was Used as a Fertilizer. BORNEO JOURNAL OF RESOURCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.33736/bjrst.1586.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) contains a high amount of nutrients and organic matter; therefore, it has been considered as an alternative liquid fertilizer (LF). However, the studies on the reuse of POME as fertilizer have been mostly limited to nutrients absorption but the leachates were neglected. Such approach caused potential impacts on ground water pollution. Thus, this research aimed to compare the leachabilities of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and phosphate (PO43-), as well as the growth rates of oil palm seedlings in three different watering conditions. Six oil palm seedlings were watered with either POME, LF or tap water. The leachates from each seedling pot were collected weekly and analyzed for their NH3-N and PO43- concentrations. The pots which were watered with tap water showed the highest leaching rate of 0.0251 mg.L-1.week-1 for NH3-N and 0.0392 mg.L-1.week-1 for PO43-. The average concentrations of NH3-N in the leachates from the POME, LF and tap water potswere 0.45, 0.38 and 0.36 mg/L, respectively, whereas for PO43-, the average concentrations were 1.09 (POME), 0.96 (LF) and 0.66 (tap water) mg/L. The quickest plant growth rates were recorded in tap water (0.56 cm/day), followed by LF (0.51 cm/day) and POME (0.42 cm/day).
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Antifouling Improvement of Polyethersulfone Membrane Incorporated with Negatively Charged Zinc–Iron Oxide for AT-POME Colour Removal. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-03858-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hassan MA, Ahmad Farid MA, Shirai Y, Ariffin H, Othman MR, Samsudin MH, Hasan MY. Oil Palm Biomass Biorefinery for Sustainable Production of Renewable Materials. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800394. [PMID: 30925022 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Oil palm biomass is widely known for its potential as a renewable resource for various value-added products due to its lignocellulosic content and availability. Oil palm biomass biorefinery is an industry that comes with sociopolitical benefits through job opportunities, as well as potential environmental benefits. Many studies have been conducted on the technological advancements of oil-palm biomass-derived renewable materials, which are discussed comprehensively in this review. Recent technological developments have made it possible to bring new and innovative technologies to commercialization, such as compost, biocharcoal, biocomposites, and bioplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd A Hassan
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed A Ahmad Farid
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yoshihito Shirai
- Graduate School of Life Sciences and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 808-0196 Hibikino 2-4, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidayah Ariffin
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd R Othman
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd H Samsudin
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Y Hasan
- Section of Bioengineering Technology, Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology (MICET), Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Alor Gajah, Melaka, 78000, Malaysia
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Wenten IG, Khoiruddin K, Aryanti PT, Victoria AV, Tanukusuma G. Membrane-based zero-sludge palm oil mill plant. REV CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2017-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The palm oil industry is one of the most important agro-industries for tropical countries because of the unique properties and wide range of uses of palm oil for various end products. In a palm oil extraction process, a large quantity of water is required, of which half the quantity will end up as effluent. This palm oil mill effluent (POME) has an extremely high content of organic matter, which can cause severe pollution of waterways and other environmental problems. Disposal of this highly polluting effluent has become a major problem for the palm oil mills. Therefore, several methods have been proposed either to treat the POME so it could comply with environmental regulation while discharged or to recover water and other valuable components from the effluent. Membrane technology has emerged as a feasible alternative to conventional treatment in vegetable oil processing because of its attractive features such as low energy consumption, reduction in the number of processing steps, high separation efficiency, and improvement of the final product quality. In the case of POME treatment, an integrated membrane-based process promises efficient water recycling and total solid recovery from the effluent, thus eliminating the environmental problem. Recently, a novel concept combining oil–oil extraction and continuous filtration using a superhydrophobic membrane has been proposed to achieve a zero-sludge palm oil mill. In this concept, the huge wastewater effluent generated from the conventional process can be eliminated and the palm oil milling process simplified. Furthermore, the superhydrophobic membrane enables the production of high-purity palm oil. In this paper, we review the prospect of a zero-sludge palm oil mill concept and strategies to achieve the proposed concept. In addition, we also highlight the development of the superhydrophobic membrane and phytonutrient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Gede Wenten
- Chemical Engineering Department , Institut Teknologi Bandung , Jl. Ganesha 10 , Bandung 40132 , Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung , Jl. Ganesha 10 , Bandung 40132 , Indonesia
| | - K. Khoiruddin
- Chemical Engineering Department , Institut Teknologi Bandung , Jl. Ganesha 10 , Bandung 40132 , Indonesia
| | - Putu T.P. Aryanti
- Chemical Engineering Department , Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani , PO BOX 148 , Cimahi , Indonesia
| | - Agnes V. Victoria
- Chemical Engineering Department , Institut Teknologi Bandung , Jl. Ganesha 10 , Bandung 40132 , Indonesia
| | - Grace Tanukusuma
- Chemical Engineering Department , Institut Teknologi Bandung , Jl. Ganesha 10 , Bandung 40132 , Indonesia
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Fulazzaky MA, Nuid M, Aris A, Muda K. Mass transfer kinetics of biosorption of nitrogenous matter from palm oil mill effluent by aerobic granules in sequencing batch reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:2151-2161. [PMID: 28675960 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1351494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding of mass transfer kinetics is important for biosorption of nitrogen compounds from palm oil mill effluent (POME) to gain a mechanistic insight into future biological processes for the treatment of high organic loading wastewater. In this study, the rates of global and sequential mass transfer were determined using the modified mass transfer factor equations for the experiments to remove nitrogen by aerobic granular sludge accumulation in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The maximum efficiencies as high as 97% for the experiment run at [kLa]g value of 1421.8 h-1 and 96% for the experiment run at [kLa]g value of 9.6 × 1037 h-1 were verified before and after the addition of Serratia marcescens SA30, respectively. The resistance of mass transfer could be dependent on external mass transfer that controls the transport of nitrogen molecule along the experimental period of 256 days. The increase in [kLa]g value leading to increased performance of the SBR was verified to contribute to the future applications of the SBR because this phenomenon provides new insight into the dynamic response of biological processes to treat POME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Ali Fulazzaky
- a Directorate General of Water Resources, Ministry of Public Works and Housing , Jakarta , Indonesia
- b Islamic Science Research Network , Muhammadiyah University of Hamka , Jakarta , Indonesia
- c Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security , Research Institute for Sustainable Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Johor Bahru , Malaysia
| | - Maria Nuid
- c Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security , Research Institute for Sustainable Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Johor Bahru , Malaysia
- d Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Johor Bahru , Malaysia
| | - Azmi Aris
- c Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security , Research Institute for Sustainable Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Johor Bahru , Malaysia
| | - Khalida Muda
- d Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Johor Bahru , Malaysia
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Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Membrane Bioreactor: Novel Processes and Their Major Drawbacks. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10091165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, different types of alternative technologies have been developed and used for palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment. Specifically, membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been employed to relegate pollutants contained in POME under different operating conditions, and the technology was found to be promising. The major challenge impeding the wider application of this technology is membrane fouling, which usually attracts high operating energy and running cost. In this regard, novel methods of mitigating membrane fouling through the treatment processes have been developed. Therefore, this review article specifically focuses on the recent treatment processes of POME using MBR, with particular emphasis on innovative processes conditions such as aerobic, anaerobic, and hybrid processing as well as their performance in relation to fouling minimization. Furthermore, the effects of sonication and thermophilic and mesophilic conditions on membrane blockage were critically reviewed. The types of foulants and fouling mechanism as influenced by different operating conditions were also analyzed censoriously.
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Omar AM, Tengku Norsalwani T, Asmah M, Badrulhisham Z, Easa AM, Omar FM, Hossain MS, Zuknik M, Nik Norulaini N. Implementation of the supercritical carbon dioxide technology in oil palm fresh fruits bunch sterilization: A review. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Chairunnisak A, Arifin B, Sofyan H, Lubis MR, Darmadi. Comparative study on the removal of COD from POME by electrocoagulation and electro-Fenton methods: Process optimization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/334/1/012026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tan SP, Kong HF, Bashir MJK, Lo PK, Ho CD, Ng CA. Treatment of palm oil mill effluent using combination system of microbial fuel cell and anaerobic membrane bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:916-924. [PMID: 28931208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It was found that the operational temperature and the incorporation of microbial fuel cell (MFC) into anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) have significant effect on AnMBRs' filtration performance. This paper addresses two issues (i) effect of temperature on AnMBR; and (ii) effect of MFC on AnMBRs' performance. The highest COD removal efficiency was observed in mesophilic condition (45°C). It was observed that the bioreactors operated at 45°C had the highest filtration resistance compared to others, albeit the excellent performance in removing the organic pollutant. Next, MFC was combined with AnMBR where the MFC acted as a pre-treatment unit prior to AnMBR and it was fed directly with palm oil mill effluent (POME). The supernatant from MFC was further treated by AnMBR. Noticeable improvement in filtration performance was observed in the combined system. Decrease in polysaccharide amount was observed in combined system which in turn suggested that the better filtration performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Pin Tan
- Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti of Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Hong Feng Kong
- Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti of Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed J K Bashir
- Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti of Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Po Kim Lo
- Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti of Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Chii-Dong Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, Taiwan
| | - Choon Aun Ng
- Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti of Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia.
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Tamrin KF, Zahrim AY. Determination of optimum polymeric coagulant in palm oil mill effluent coagulation using multiple-objective optimisation on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:15863-15869. [PMID: 28013466 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The main limitation of a conventional palm oil mill effluent (POME) ponding system lies in its inability to completely decolourise effluent. Decolourisation of effluent is aesthetically and environmentally crucial. However, determination of the optimum process parameters is becoming more complex with the increase of the number of coagulants and responses. The primary objective of this study is to determine the optimum polymeric coagulant in the coagulation-flocculation process of palm oil mill effluent by considering all output responses, namely lignin-tannin, low molecular mass coloured compounds (LMMCC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), pH and conductivity. Here, multiple-objective optimisation on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA) is employed to discretely measure multiple response characteristics of five different types of coagulants as a function of assessment value. The optimum coagulant is determined based on the highest assessment value and was identified as QF25610 (cationic polyacrylamide). On the other hand, the lowest assessment value was represented by AN1800 (anionic polyacrylamide). This study highlights the simplicity of MOORA approach in handling various input and output parameters, and it may be useful in other wastewater treatment processes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- K F Tamrin
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - A Y Zahrim
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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Lin CK, Bashir MJK, Abu Amr SS, Sim LC. Post-treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) using combined persulphate with hydrogen peroxide (S 2O 82-/H 2O 2) oxidation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 74:2675-2682. [PMID: 27973372 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effectiveness of combined persulphate with hydrogen peroxide (S2O82-/H2O2) oxidation as a post-treatment of biologically treated palm oil mill effluent (POME) for the first time in the literature. The removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), and suspended solids (SS) were 36.8%, 47.6%, and 90.6%, respectively, by S2O82- oxidation alone under certain operation conditions (i.e., S2O82- = 0.82 g, pH 11, and contact time 20 min). Nevertheless, the combined process (S2O82-/H2O2) achieved 75.8% and 87.1% removals of NH3-N and SS, respectively, under 2.45/1.63 g/g H2O2/S2O82-, pH 11, and 20 min oxidation. Moreover, 56.9% of COD was removed at pH 8.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Ken Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology (FEGT), University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak 31900, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - Mohammed J K Bashir
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology (FEGT), University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak 31900, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - Salem S Abu Amr
- Environmental Engineering Technology, Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, (UniKL, MICET), 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Lan Ching Sim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology (FEGT), University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak 31900, Malaysia E-mail:
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Bioremediation of high-strength agricultural wastewater using Ochrobactrum sp. strain SZ1. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:143. [PMID: 28330215 PMCID: PMC4919137 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The biggest agricultural sector that contributes to the Malaysian economy is the oil palm industry. The effluent generated during the production of crude palm oil known as palm oil mill effluent (POME). POME undergoes anaerobic treatment that requires long retention time and produces large amount of methane that consequently contributes to global warming. In this study, an isolated bacteria was selected based on its ability to degrade kraft lignin (KL) and identified as Ochrobactrum sp. The bacteria were able to treat POME (from anaerobic pond) under the aerobic condition without addition of nutrient, resulting in a significant chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 71 %, removal rate of 1385 mg/l/day, and 12.3 times higher than that of the ponding system. It has also resulted in 60 % removal of ammoniacal nitrogen and 55 % of total polyphenolic after 6-day treatment period with the detection of lignocellulolytic enzymes.
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Chou KW, Tan SW, Morad N, Tow TT, Kadir MOA, Ismail N. Aerobic Post-treatment of Different Anaerobically Digested Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.18178/ijesd.2016.7.7.830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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