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Dey I, Ambati SR, Bhos PN, Sonawane S, Pilli S. Effluent quality improvement in sequencing batch reactor-based wastewater treatment processes using advanced control strategies. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:2661-2675. [PMID: 38822606 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of wastewater is highly challenging due to large fluctuations in flowrates, pollutants, and variable influent water compositions. A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and modified SBR cycle-step-feed process (SSBR) configuration are studied in this work to effectively treat municipal wastewater while simultaneously removing nitrogen and phosphorus. To control the amount of dissolved oxygen in an SBR, three axiomatic control strategies (proportional integral (PI), fractional proportional integral (FPI), and fuzzy logic controllers) are presented. Relevant control algorithms have been designed using plant data with the models of SBR and SSBR based on ASM2d framework. On comparison, FPI showed a significant reduction in nutrient levels and added an improvement in effluent quality. The overall effluent quality is improved by 0.86% in FPI in comparison with PI controller. The SSBR, which was improved by precisely optimizing nutrient supply and aeration, establishes a delicate equilibrium. This refined method reduces oxygen requirements while reliably sustaining important biological functions. Focusing solely on the FPI controller's performance in terms of total air volume consumption, the step-feed SBR mechanism achieves an excellent 11.04% reduction in consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Dey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Seshagiri Rao Ambati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Petroleum & Energy (IIPE), Visakhapatnam 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India E-mail: ;
| | - Prashant Navnath Bhos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Shirish Sonawane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Sridhar Pilli
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
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Li D, Zou M, Jiang L. Dissolved oxygen control strategies for water treatment: a review. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:1444-1466. [PMID: 36178816 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is one of the most important water quality factors. Maintaining the DO concentration at a desired level is of great value to both wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and aquaculture. This review covers various DO control strategies proposed by researchers around the world in the past 20 years. The review focuses on published research related to determination and control of DO concentrations in WWTPs in order to improve control accuracy, save aeration energy, improve effluent quality, and achieve nitrogen removal. The strategies used for DO control are categorized and discussed through the following classification: classical control such as proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, advanced control such as model-based predictive control, intelligent control such as fuzzy and neural networks, and hybrid control. The review also includes the prediction and control strategies of DO concentration in aquaculture. Finally, a critical discussion on DO control is provided. Only a few advanced DO control strategies have achieved successful implementation, while PID controllers are still the most widely used and effective controllers in engineering practice. The challenges and limitations for a broader implementation of the advanced control strategies are analyzed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoliang Li
- National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China E-mail: ; Key Laboratory of Smart Farming Technologies for Aquatic Animal and Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Internet of Things in Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mi Zou
- National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China E-mail: ; Key Laboratory of Smart Farming Technologies for Aquatic Animal and Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Internet of Things in Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingwei Jiang
- National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China E-mail: ; Key Laboratory of Smart Farming Technologies for Aquatic Animal and Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Internet of Things in Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Zhang C, Li X, Li F, Li G, Niu G, Chen H, Ying GG, Huang M. Accurate prediction and further dissection of neonicotinoid elimination in the water treatment by CTS@AgBC using multihead attention-based convolutional neural network combined with the time-dependent Cox regression model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127029. [PMID: 34479086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IMI), as the most widely used neonicotinoid insecticide, poses a serious threat to the water ecosystem due to the inefficient elimination in the traditional water treatment. Chitosan (CTS)-stabilized biochar (BC)-supported Ag nanoparticles (CTS@AgBC) are applied to eliminate the IMI in the water treatment effectively. Batch experiments depict that the modification of BC by CTS and Ag nanoparticles remarkably improve its adsorption performance. The pseudo-second-order and Elovich models have good performance in simulating the adsorption processes of CTS@AgBC and BC. This indicates that the chemical adsorption on real surfaces plays the dominant role in the adsorption of IMI by CTS@AgBC and BC. In addition, the multihead attention (MHA)-based convolutional neural network (CNN) combined with the time-dependent Cox regression model are initially applied to predict and dissect the adsorption elimination processes of IMI by CTS@AgBC. The proposed MHA-CNN model achieves more accurate concentration prediction of IMI than traditional models. According to influence weights by MHA module, biochar category, pH, and treatment temperature are considered the three dominant environmental variables to determine the IMI elimination processes. This study provides insights into roles of environmental variables in the elimination of IMI by CTS@AgBC and the accurate prediction of IMI concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Gugong Li
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Niu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Mingzhi Huang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, PR China; SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co, Ltd, Qingyuan 511517, China.
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Dutta D, Upreti SR. Artificial intelligence‐based process control in chemical, biochemical, and biomedical engineering. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Debaprasad Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Simant R. Upreti
- Department of Chemical Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Ontario Canada
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Wei W, Xia P, Liu Z, Zuo M. A modified active disturbance rejection control for a wastewater treatment process. Chin J Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
The paper presents the complete design processes of novel aeration control systems in the SBR (sequencing batch reactor) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Due to large energy expense and a high influence on biological processes, the aeration system plays a key role in WWTP operation. The paper considers the aeration system for a biological WWTP located in the northeast of Poland. This system consists of blowers, the main collector pipeline, three aeration lines with different diameters and lengths, and diffusers. Classical control systems applied for this type of installation are based on PID (proportional–integral–derivative) controllers, the settings of which are often found experimentally. The article presents the optimization of these settings and the design of an alternative control algorithm—the fuzzy controller.
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Ye Z, Yang J, Zhong N, Tu X, Jia J, Wang J. Tackling environmental challenges in pollution controls using artificial intelligence: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134279. [PMID: 33736193 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review presents the developments in artificial intelligence technologies for environmental pollution controls. A number of AI approaches, which start with the reliable mapping of nonlinear behavior between inputs and outputs in chemical and biological processes in terms of prediction models to the emerging optimization and control algorithms that study the pollutants removal processes and intelligent control systems, have been developed for environmental clean-ups. The characteristics, advantages and limitations of AI methods, including single and hybrid AI methods, were overviewed. Hybrid AI methods exhibited synergistic effects, but with computational heaviness. The up-to-date review summarizes i) Various artificial neural networks employed in wastewater degradation process for the prediction of removal efficiency of pollutants and the search of optimizing experimental conditions; ii) Evaluation of fuzzy logic used for intelligent control of aerobic stage of wastewater treatment process; iii) AI-aided soft-sensors for precisely on-line/off-line estimation of hard-to-measure parameters in wastewater treatment plants; iv) Single and hybrid AI methods applied to estimate pollutants concentrations and design monitoring and early-warning systems for both aquatic and atmospheric environments; v) AI modelings of short-term, mid-term and long-term solid waste generations, and various ANNs for solid waste recycling and reduction. Finally, the future challenges of AI-based models employed in the environmental fields are discussed and proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Ye
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Jiaqian Yang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Na Zhong
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xin Tu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jining Jia
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Jiade Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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Balram D, Lian KY, Sebastian N. Air quality warning system based on a localized PM 2.5 soft sensor using a novel approach of Bayesian regularized neural network via forward feature selection. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 182:109386. [PMID: 31255868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
It is highly significant to develop efficient soft sensors to estimate the concentration of hazardous pollutants in a region to maintain environmental safety. In this paper, an air quality warning system based on a robust PM2.5 soft sensor and support vector machine (SVM) classifier is reported. The soft sensor for the estimation of PM2.5 concentration is proposed using a novel approach of Bayesian regularized neural network (BRNN) via forward feature selection (FFS). Zuoying district of Taiwan is selected as the region of study for implementation of the estimation system because of the high pollution in the region. Descriptive statistics of various pollutants in Zuoying district is computed as part of the study. Moreover, seasonal variation of particulate matter (PM) concentration is analyzed to evaluate the impact of various seasons on the increased levels of PM in the region. To investigate the linear dependence of concentration of different pollutants to the concentration of PM2.5, Pearson correlation coefficient, Kendall's tau coefficient, and Spearman coefficient are computed. To achieve high performance for the PM2.5 estimation, selection of appropriate forward features from the input variables is carried out using FFS technique and Bayesian regularization is incorporated to the neural network system to avoid the overfitting problem. The comparative evaluation of performance of BRNN/FFS estimation system with various other methods shows that our proposed estimation system has the lowest mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). Moreover, the coefficient of determination (R-squared) is around 0.95 for the proposed estimation method, which denotes a good fit. Evaluation of the SVM classifier showed good performance indicating that the proposed air quality warning system is efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Balram
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuang-Yow Lian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Neethu Sebastian
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Improving SBR Performance Alongside with Cost Reduction through Optimizing Biological Processes and Dissolved Oxygen Concentration Trajectory. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9112268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Authors of this paper take under investigation the optimization of biological processes during the wastewater treatment in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) plant. A designed optimizing supervisory controller generates the dissolved oxygen (DO) trajectory for the lower level parts of the hierarchical control system. Proper adjustment of this element has an essential impact on the efficiency of the wastewater treatment process as well as on the costs generated by the plant, especially by the aeration system. The main goal of the presented solution is to reduce the plant energy consumption and to maintain the quality of effluent in compliance with the water-law permit. Since the optimization is nonlinear and includes variations of different types of variables, to solve the given problem the authors performed simulation tests and decided to implement a hybrid of two different optimization algorithms: artificial bee colony (ABC) and direct search algorithm (DSA). Simulation tests for the wastewater treatment plant case study are presented.
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10
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Dissolved Oxygen Control in Activated Sludge Process Using a Neural Network-Based Adaptive PID Algorithm. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhou C, Zhang C, Tian D, Wang K, Huang M, Liu Y. A software sensor model based on hybrid fuzzy neural network for rapid estimation water quality in Guangzhou section of Pearl River, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 53:91-98. [PMID: 29083952 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1369815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to manage water resources, a software sensor model was designed to estimate water quality using a hybrid fuzzy neural network (FNN) in Guangzhou section of Pearl River, China. The software sensor system was composed of data storage module, fuzzy decision-making module, neural network module and fuzzy reasoning generator module. Fuzzy subtractive clustering was employed to capture the character of model, and optimize network architecture for enhancing network performance. The results indicate that, on basis of available on-line measured variables, the software sensor model can accurately predict water quality according to the relationship between chemical oxygen demand (COD) and dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and NH4+-N. Owing to its ability in recognizing time series patterns and non-linear characteristics, the software sensor-based FNN is obviously superior to the traditional neural network model, and its R (correlation coefficient), MAPE (mean absolute percentage error) and RMSE (root mean square error) are 0.8931, 10.9051 and 0.4634, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunshan Zhou
- a School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- a School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Di Tian
- a School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- a School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Mingzhi Huang
- a School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , PR China
- b Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Yanbiao Liu
- c School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University , Shanghai , PR China
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