1
|
Khursheed A, Munshi FMA, Almohana AI, Alali AF, Kamal MA, Alam S, Alrehaili O, Islam DT, Kumar M, Varjani S, Kazmi AA, Tyagi VK. Resolution of conflict of reduced sludge production with EBPR by coupling OSA to A 2/O process in a pilot scale SBR. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 318:137945. [PMID: 36702406 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The pinnacle of all the efforts of nutrient removal is practically put-down the moment biological cells are lysed, hydrolyzed or digested causing subsequent reappearance of assimilated nitrogen and phosphorus in any biological process. While sludge reduction requires high SRT, the enhanced phosphorus assimilative uptake demands low SRT. A novel reactor configuration for enhanced sludge and phosphorus removal was put to test by incorporating a side stream anaerobic reactor to an Anaerobic-Anoxic-Aerobic (A2O) SBR with a pre-anoxic chamber and an influent receiving inlet anaerobic reactor. The reactor was operated at the average and lowest range of prevailing carbon/phosphorus (C/P) ratio of 50 and 15 in the sewage. The phosphorus enrichment was 0.0469-0.135 mgTP/mgVSS resulting in 1.76-5.05-fold increase from cellular content by virtue of maintaining sludge recycle from SBR aeration tank to side stream anaerobic reactor from 3.78 to 9.78 (average 4.4-8.2) gVSS/gVSS present in the reactor. However, the sludge was also reduced from 3% to 51% on an average basis during the same recirculation regime. This novel configuration consists of an inlet anaerobic reactor, one pre-anoxic chamber and one intermittent oxic anoxic reaction SBR and a side stream anaerobic reactor. The first anaerobic reactor at inlet followed by pre-anoxic chamber was provided for increased ortho-p released and nitrification respectively and a side stream anaerobic reactor for sludge reduction through sludge fasting mechanism. The EBPR and lesser sludge growth were two conflicting parameters reconciled to the extent that if sludge recycled up to 6.41 gVSS/gVSS the sludge growth would be reduced by 25% and phosphorus enrichment could be attained up to 3.46 times the stoichiometric value. Any further recirculation would reduce the sludge further but at the expense of enhanced phosphorus uptake as released phosphorus from side stream anaerobic reactor also recycled back to main SBR causing looping and at more than 6.41gVSSrecycled/gVSS it nullified the enhanced effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Khursheed
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, KSU, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia; Department of Civil Engineering, Z.H. College of Engineering, AMU, Aligarh, India.
| | | | | | - Abdulrhman Fahmi Alali
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, KSU, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohab Amin Kamal
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, KSU, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamshad Alam
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, KSU, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alrehaili
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, KSU, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dar Tafazul Islam
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, 382355, India; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Monterrey, 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - A A Kazmi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang W, Chang JS, Show KY, Lee DJ. Anaerobic recalcitrance in wastewater treatment: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127920. [PMID: 36087651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic treatment is applied as an alternative to traditional aerobic treatment for recalcitrant compound degradation. This review highlighted the recalcitrant compounds in wastewaters and their pathways under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Forty-one recalcitrant compounds commonly found in wastewater along with associated anaerobic removal performance were summarized from current research. Anaerobic degradability of wastewater could not be appropriately evaluated by BOD/COD ratio, which should only be suitable for determining aerobic degradability. Recalcitrant wastewaters with a low BOD/COD ratio may be handled by anaerobic treatments after the adaption and provision of sufficient electron donors. Novel indicator characterizing the anaerobic recalcitrance of wastewater is called for, essential for emergent needs to resource recovery from high-strength recalcitrant wastewater for fulfilling appeals of circular bioeconomy of modern societies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yeow Show
- Puritek Research Institute, Puritec Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong; Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Godvin Sharmila V, Kumar G, Sivashanmugham P, Piechota G, Park JH, Adish Kumar S, Rajesh Banu J. Phase separated pretreatment strategies for enhanced waste activated sludge disintegration in anaerobic digestion: An outlook and recent trends. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127985. [PMID: 36126843 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A significant ecological problem was developed on disposing the enormous amounts of waste activated sludge (WAS) produced by traditional wastewater treatment. There have been various attempts recently originated to develop innovative methods for substantial sludge treatment. The most frequently used approach for treating sludge to produces methane and reduces sludge is anaerobic treatment. The hydrolysis phase in WAS limits the breakdown of complex macrobiotic compounds. The presence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in biomass prevents the substrate from being hydrolyzed. Enhancing substrate hydrolysis involves removal of EPS preceded by phase separated pretreatment. Hence, a critical assessment of various phase separated pretreatment that has a remarkable effect on the anaerobic digestion process was documented in detail. Moreover, the economic viability and energy requirement of this treatment process was also discussed. Perspectives and recommendations for methane production were also provided to attain effectual sludge management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Godvin Sharmila
- Department of Civil Engineering, Rohini College of Engineering and Technology, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - P Sivashanmugham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Grzegorz Piechota
- GPCHEM, Laboratory of Biogas Research and Analysis, 40a/3 Legionów Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- Sustainable Technology and Wellness R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju-do 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - S Adish Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamilnadu 610005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Uthirakrishnan U, Godvin Sharmila V, Merrylin J, Adish Kumar S, Dharmadhas JS, Varjani S, Rajesh Banu J. Current advances and future outlook on pretreatment techniques to enhance biosolids disintegration and anaerobic digestion: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132553. [PMID: 34653493 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge (biosolids) treatment is intensely a major problem around the globe. Anaerobic treatment is indeed a fundamental and most popular approach to convert organic wastes into bioenergy, which could be used as a carbon-neutral renewable and clean energy thus eradicating pathogens and eliminating odor. Due to the sheer intricate biosolid matrix (such as exopolymeric substances) and rigid cell structure, hydrolysis becomes a rate-limiting phase. Numerous different pretreatment strategies were proposed to hasten this rate-limiting hydrolysis and enhance the productivity of anaerobic digestion. This study discusses an overview of previous scientific advances in pretreatment options for enhancing biogas production. In addition, the limitations addressed along with the effects of inhibitors in biosolids towards biogas production and strategies to overcome discussed. This review elaborated the cost analysis of various pretreatment methods towards the scale-up process. This review abridges the existing research on augmenting AD efficacy by recognizing the associated knowledge gaps and suggesting future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ushani Uthirakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Chinnakolambakkam, Chengalpattu, 603308, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Godvin Sharmila
- Department of Civil Engineering, Rohini College of Engineering and Technology, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Merrylin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Sarah Tucker College, Tirunelveli, 627002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Adish Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, University V.O.C College of Engineering, Anna University Thoothukudi Campus, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jeba Sweetly Dharmadhas
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641-021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382010, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, 610005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The disposal of olive wastes and their wastewater is a major problem worldwide. An important recycling chain can be formed through biogas production and energy conversion from olive waste. This study developed an efficient and effective sustainable model for biogas production using anaerobic digestion conditions with the co-digestion of pretreated olive waste. The sample used was hard olive pomace, which was dried in an oven before being crushed to fine particles with a mortar and pestle. The sample was analyzed by a CE-440 Elemental Analyzer, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) analysis was performed using Shimadzu IRTracer-100. Through the analysis, a substantial amount of electrical energy of 769 kWh/t was found to be generated per ton of olive pomace due to the high volatile solid (VS) percentage of organic waste material incorporated during the calculation. Reduced land area for landfilling olive waste was calculated to be 108 m2 per year, whereas the potential to reduce landfill leachate production was evaluated to be 0.32 m3 per year.
Collapse
|
6
|
López-Velázquez K, Villanueva-Rodríguez M, Mejía-González G, Herrera-López D. Removal of 17α-ethinylestradiol and caffeine from wastewater by UASB-Fenton coupled system. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3771-3782. [PMID: 32155103 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1740799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic systems, some substances considered as endocrine disruptors have been detected, which can be due to their incomplete elimination in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and inadequate disposal of pharmaceuticals. Among these contaminants are 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and caffeine (CAF). Moreover, it has been reported that this kind of contaminants may provoke different adverse effects in many aquatic organisms. Because of that, in the present study, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors (UASB) coupled with the Fenton process was evaluated for EE2 and CAF removal spiked in wastewater samples. First, the best reaction conditions were established in each process. For UASB reactor, two hydraulic retention times (HRT 8 and 24 h) were evaluated, achieving the highest chemical organic demand (COD) removal (70 %) and drug elimination (84 %-86 %) with HRT 24 h. Subsequently, Fenton process was conducted at pH 3 with different levels of Fe2+ (0.05-0.5 mmol/L) and molar ratios Fe2+:H2O2 (1:1-1:10). Better results were obtained with 0.5 mmol Fe2+/L, and 1:10 ratio molar Fe2+:H2O2. Finally, UASB-Fenton coupled system allowed 80 % of COD decrease, almost complete removal of drugs and the toxicity of samples on Vibrio fischeri was reduced from 73 % to 30 %, demonstrating that this coupled system is a promising and efficient system for pharmaceutical compounds removal from wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Minerva Villanueva-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Khan N, Khan MD, Sabir S, Nizami AS, Anwer AH, Rehan M, ZainKhan M. Deciphering the effects of temperature on bio-methane generation through anaerobic digestion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:29766-29777. [PMID: 31873899 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07245-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a sustainable wastewater treatment technology which facilitates energy, nutrient, and water recovery from organic wastes. The agricultural and industrial wastes are suitable substrates for the AD, as they contain a high level of biodegradable compounds. The aim of this study was to examine the AD of three different concentrations of phenol (100, 200, and 300 mg/L) containing wastewater with and without co-substrate (acetate) at four different temperatures (25, 35, 45, and 55 °C) to produce methane (CH4)-enriched biogas. It was observed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phenol removal efficiencies of up to 76% and 72%, respectively, were achieved. The CH4 generation was found higher in anaerobic batch reactors (ABRs) using acetate as co-substrate, with the highest yield of 189.1 μL CH4 from 500 μL sample injected, obtained using 200 mg/L of phenol at 35 °C. The results revealed that the performance of ABR in terms of degradation efficiency, COD removal, and biogas generation was highest at 35 °C followed by 55, 45, and 25 °C indicating 35 °C to be the optimum temperature for AD of phenolic wastewater with maximum energy recovery. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the morphology of the anaerobic sludge depends greatly on the temperature at which the system is maintained which in turn affects the performance and degradation of toxic contaminants like phenol. It was observed that the anaerobic sludge maintained at 35 °C showed uniform channels leading to higher permeability through enhanced mass transfer to achieve higher degradation rates. However, the denser sludge as in the case of 55 °C showed lesser permeability leading to limited transfer and thus reduced treatment. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed a more noteworthy change in the population of the microbial communities due to temperature than the presence of phenol with the methanogens being the dominating species at 35 °C. The findings suggest that the planned operation of the ABR could be a promising choice for CH4-enriched biogas and COD removal from phenolic wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Research Laboratory, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Danish Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Research Laboratory, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Suhail Sabir
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Research Laboratory, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Abdul-Sattar Nizami
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Hakeem Anwer
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Research Laboratory, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Rehan
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad ZainKhan
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Research Laboratory, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kinetic study and performance evaluation of an integrated two-phase fixed-film baffled bioreactor for bioenergy recovery from wastewater and bio-wasted sludge. RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.109674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
9
|
Benchmarking recent advances and innovative technology approaches of Fenton, photo-Fenton, electro-Fenton, and related processes: A review on the relevance of phenol as model molecule. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
10
|
Ali M, Elreedy A, Ibrahim MG, Fujii M, Nakatani K, Tawfik A. Regulating acidogenesis and methanogenesis for the separated bio-generation of hydrogen and methane from saline-to-hypersaline industrial wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109546. [PMID: 31545177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Given the limitations of acidogens and methanogens activities under saline environments, this work aims to optimize the main operational parameters affecting hydrogen and methane production from saline-to-hypersaline wastewater containing mono-ethylene glycol (MEG). MEG is the main contaminant in several saline industrial effluents. Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), as a multi-stage system, was used at different temperatures (i.e., 19-31 °C [ambient] and 35 °C), organic loading rates (OLRs) of 0.6-2.2 gCOD/L/d, and salinity of 5-35 gNaCl/L. Mesophilic conditions of 35 °C substantially promoted MEG biodegradability (92-98%) and hydrogen/methane productivity, even at elevated salinity. Hydrogen yield (HY) and methane yield (MY) peaked to 258 and 140 mL/gCODadd, respectively, at OLR 0.64 gCOD/L/d and salinity up to 20-25 gNaCl/L. An immobilized sludge ABR (ISABR), packed with polyurethane media, was further compared with classical ABR, resulting in 1.8-fold higher MY, at 35 gNaCl/L. Microbial analysis showed that introducing attached growth system (ISABR) substantially promoted methanogens abundance, which was dominated by genus Methanosarcina. Among bacterial genera, Acetobacterium was dominant, particularly in 1st compartment, representing MEG-degrading/salt-tolerant genus. At high salinity up to 35 gNaCl/L, the multi-phase and attached growth configuration can efficiently reduce the induced salt stress, particularly on methanogens, towards balanced and separated acidogenesis/methanogenesis. Overall, producing hydrogen and methane from anaerobic treatment of MEG-based saline wastewater is feasible at optimized parameters and configuration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manal Ali
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan; Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt; Civil Engineering Department, Aswan University, Aswan, 81511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elreedy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan; Sanitary Engineering Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21544, Egypt.
| | - Mona G Ibrahim
- Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt; Environmental Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21544, Egypt
| | - Manabu Fujii
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kota Nakatani
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Ahmed Tawfik
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yasar Arafath K, Baskaralingam P, Gopinath S, Nilavunesan D, Sivanesan S. Degradation of phenol from retting-pond wastewater using anaerobic sludge reactor integrated with photo catalytic treatment. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Wang S, Ma C, Pang C, Hu Z, Wang W. Membrane fouling and performance of anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor treating phenol- and quinoline-containing wastewater: granular activated carbon vs polyaluminum chloride. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:34167-34176. [PMID: 30484054 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) has been proposed for the treatment of phenolic wastewater, the membrane fouling is still a major obstacle. The effects of dosing of granular activated carbon (GAC) and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) on the treatment performance and membrane fouling of anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor were investigated for treating phenol- and quinoline-containing wastewater. The results suggested that the one-off dosing of GAC resulted in a decrease of protein/carbohydrate ratio, which might account for the aggravation of membrane fouling alongside with the decreased flocs size. Nevertheless, the substrate uptake rates (SUR) of phenol and quinoline, and the specific methanogenic activity of sludge at the GAC dosing stage of experimental reactor (R1) were 8.79 ± 0.63 mg phenol g-1 MLVSS d-1, 7.01 ± 0.09 mg quinoline g-1 MLVSS d-1 and 0.27 ± 0.01 g CODCH4 g-1 MLVSS d-1, which were 1.69, 3.59 and 1.93 times higher than that of the control reactor (R2). The dosing of PACl reduced the membrane fouling rate by changing the floc structure of sludge, as well as the component of SMP and EPS. However, the substrate uptake rate of quinoline was declined. This work provides a comprehensive evaluation on the effect of GAC and PACl dosing on membrane fouling and performance of anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor treating phenol-and quinoline-containing wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Chao Pang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Zhenhu Hu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tufaner F. Evaluation of COD and color removals of effluents from UASB reactor treating olive oil mill wastewater by Fenton process. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1682611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Tufaner
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adıyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
- Environmental Management Application and Research Center, Adıyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Malakootian M, Nasiri A, Heidari MR. Removal of Phenol from Steel Plant Wastewater in Three Dimensional Electrochemical (TDE) Process using CoFe2O4@AC/H2O2. Z PHYS CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2019-1499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study investigated the removal of phenol from steel industry wastewater by three dimensional electrochemical (TDE) process using CoFe2O4 nanobiocomposite based activated carbon in the presence of H2O2 (EC-CoFe2O4@AC-H2O2). In this study, CoFe2O4 nanobiocomposite-foundation activated carbon (CoFe2O4@AC) was used as microelectrode, adsorbent, and activator for peroxide hydrogen. The removal efficiency of phenol and COD was investigated through the parameters of pH, contact time, CoFe2O4@AC dosage, current density, and H2O2 concentration. The highest removal rates of phenol and COD were >99% and 98%, respectively. Also, steel plant wastewater under the optimal conditions of pH = 6.5, current density = 15 mA cm−2, contact time = 25 min, H2O2 concentration of 1.0 mM, and CoFe2O4@AC dose = 0.3 g L−1. Kinetic analysis revealed that the adsorption experimental data was best fitted by the pseudo-first-order model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Malakootian
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
- Department of Environmental Health , School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Alireza Nasiri
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Heidari
- Department of Environmental Health , Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
- Department of Environmental Health , School of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences , Bam , Iran , Tel.: +98 343 132 5128, Fax: +98 343 132 5105
| |
Collapse
|