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Lamprea-Pineda PA, Demeestere K, González-Cortés JJ, Boon N, Devlieghere F, Van Langenhove H, Walgraeve C. Addition of (bio)surfactants in the biofiltration of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds in air. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120132. [PMID: 38286067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air is of utmost importance to safeguard both environmental quality and human well-being. However, the low aqueous solubility of hydrophobic VOCs results in poor removal in waste gas biofilters (BFs). In this study, we evaluated the addition of (bio)surfactants in three BFs (BF1 and BF2 mixture of compost and wood chips (C + WC), and BF3 filled with expanded perlite) to enhance the removal of cyclohexane and hexane from a polluted gas stream. Experiments were carried out to select two (bio)surfactants (i.e., Tween 80 and saponin) out of five (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Tween 80, surfactin, rhamnolipid and saponin) from a physical-chemical (i.e., decreasing VOC gas-liquid partitioning) and biological (i.e., the ability of the microbial consortium to grow on the (bio)surfactants) point of view. The results show that adding Tween 80 at 1 critical micelle concentration (CMC) had a slight positive effect on the removal of both VOCs, in BF1 (e.g., 7.0 ± 0.6 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1, 85 ± 2% at 163 s; compared to 6.7 ± 0.4 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1, 76 ± 2% at 163 s and 0 CMC) and BF2 (e.g., 4.3 ± 0.4 g hexane m-3 h-1, 27 ± 2% at 82 s; compared to 3.1 ± 0.7 g hexane m-3 h-1, 16 ± 4% at 82 s and 0 CMC), but a negative effect in BF3 at either 1, 3 and 9 CMC (e.g., 2.4 ± 0.4 g hexane m-3 h-1, 30 ± 4% at 163 s and 1 CMC; compared to 4.6 ± 1.0 g hexane m-3 h-1, 43 ± 8% at 163 s and 0 CMC). In contrast, the performance of all BFs improved with the addition of saponin, particularly at 3 CMC. Notably, in BF3, the elimination capacity (EC) and removal efficiency (RE) doubled for both VOCs (i.e., 9.1 ± 0.6 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1, 49 ± 3%; 4.3 ± 0.3 g hexane m-3 h-1, 25 ± 3%) compared to no biosurfactant addition (i.e., 4.5 ± 0.4 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1, 23 ± 3%; hexane 2.2 ± 0.5 g m-3 h-1, 10 ± 2%) at 82 s. Moreover, the addition of the (bio)surfactants led to a shift in the microbial consortia, with a different response in BF1-BF2 compared to BF3. This study evaluates for the first time the use of saponin in BFs, it demonstrates that cyclohexane and hexane RE can be improved by (bio)surfactant addition, and it provides recommendations for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Alejandra Lamprea-Pineda
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - José Joaquín González-Cortés
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium; Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Vine and Agri-Food Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Pol. Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz Spain.
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - Frank Devlieghere
- Research Group Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - Herman Van Langenhove
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - Christophe Walgraeve
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
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Zhu Q, Wu P, Chen B, Wu Q, Cao F, Wang H, Mei Y, Liang Y, Sun X, Chen Z. Improving NH 3 and H 2S removal efficiency with pilot-scale biotrickling filter by co-immobilizing Kosakonia oryzae FB2-3 and Acinetobacter baumannii L5-4. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:33181-33194. [PMID: 36474037 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two NH4+-N and S2- removal strains, namely, Kosakonia oryzae (FB2-3) and Acinetobacter baumannii (L5-4), were isolated from the packing materials in a long-running biotrickling filter (BTF). The removal capacities of combined FB2-3 and L5-4 (FB2-3 + L5-4) toward 100 mg L-1 of NH4+-N and 200 mg L-1 of S2- reached 97.31 ± 1.62% and 98.57 ± 1.12% under the optimal conditions (32.0 °C and initial pH = 7.0), which were higher than those of single strain. Then, FB2-3 and L5-4 liquid inoculums were prepared, and their concentrations respectively reached 1.56 × 109 CFU mL-1 and 1.05 × 109 CFU mL-1 by adding different resuspension solutions and protective agents after 12-week storage at 25 °C. Finally, pilot-scale BTF test showed that NH3 and H2S in the real exhaust gases from a pharmaceutical factory were effectively removed with removal rates > 87% and maximum elimination capacities were reached 136 g (NH3) m-3 h-1 and 176 g (H2S) m-3 h-1 at 18 °C-34 °C and pH 4.0-7.0 in the BTF loaded with bamboo charcoal packing materials co-immobilized with FB2-3 and L5-4. After co-immobilization of FB2-3 and L5-4, in the bamboo charcoal packing materials, the new microbial diversity composition contained the dominant genera of Acinetobacter, Mycobacterium, Kosakonia, and Sulfobacillus was formed, and the diversity of entire bacterial community was decreased, compared to the control. These results indicate that FB2-3 and L5-4 have potential to be developed into liquid ready-to-use inoculums for effectively removing NH3 and H2S from exhaust gases in BTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Wu
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, People's Republic of China
| | - Budong Chen
- Chuhuan Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qijun Wu
- Chuhuan Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Cao
- Chuhuan Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxia Mei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxiang Liang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Sun
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenmin Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from Air: Focus on Biotrickling Filtration and Process Modeling. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotrickling filtration is a well-established technology for the treatment of air polluted with odorous and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Besides dozens of successful industrial applications of this technology, there are still gaps in a full understanding and description of the mechanisms of biotrickling filtration. This review focuses on recent research results on biotrickling filtration of air polluted with single and multiple VOCs, as well as process modeling. The modeling offers optimization of a process design and performance, as well as allows deeper understanding of process mechanisms. An overview of the developments of models describing biotrickling filtration and conventional biofiltration, as primarily developed and in many aspects through similar processes, is presented in this paper.
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Wang Y, Wan S, Yu W, Yuan D, Sun L. Newly isolated Enterobacter cloacae sp. HN01 and Klebsiella pneumoniae sp. HN02 collaborate with self-secreted biosurfactant to improve solubility and bioavailability for the biodegradation of hydrophobic and toxic gaseous para-xylene. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 304:135328. [PMID: 35700810 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The gas-liquid mass transfer rate of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is the limiting step in a biological treatment system. The present study aimed to utilize self-producing biosurfactants to enhance the bioavailability of hydrophobic gaseous VOCs. Two novel gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria, Enterobacter cloacae strain HN01 and Klebsiella pneumoniae strain HN02 were successfully isolated from sewage sludge by using blood agar and methylene blue agar plates. The two strains can use para-xylene (PX), a hydrophobic VOC model, as the only carbon source for biosurfactant production. Both strains can produce glycolipid biosurfactants, as confirmed by the emulsification index, Nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results indicated that PX can be completely decomposed at an initial concentration of 15.50 mg L-1, pH value of 7.0, and temperature of 30 °C within 36 h. The Yano model is suitable for the prediction of the growth kinetics of strains over the entire PX concentration range. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis indicated that PX was converted into four and four intermediates in the presence of the strains HN01 and HN02, respectively, and the possible mechanisms were proposed. The results can be used in purifying industrial hydrophobic gaseous VOCs and improving the bioavailability of VOCs with self-produced biosurfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shungang Wan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Weili Yu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Study on Gaseous Chlorobenzene Treatment by a Bio-Trickling Filter: Degradation Mechanism and Microbial Community. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-flow waste gas generated from the pharmaceutical and chemical industry usually contains low concentrations of VOCs (volatile organic compounds), and it is also the key factor that presents challenges in terms of disposal. To date, due to the limitations of mass transfer rate and microbial degradation ability, the degradation performance of VOCs using the biological method has not been ideal. Therefore, in this study, the sludge from a chlorobenzene-containing wastewater treatment plant was inoculated into our experimental bio-trickling filter (BTF) to explore the feasibility of domestication and degradation of gaseous chlorobenzene by highly active microorganisms. The kinetics of its mass transfer reaction and microbial community dynamics were also discussed. Moreover, the main process parameters of BTF for chlorobenzene degradation were optimized. The results showed that the degradation effect of chlorobenzene reached more than 85% at an inlet concentration of chlorobenzene 700 mg·m−3, oxygen concentration of 10%, and an empty bed retention time (EBRT) of 80 s. The mass transfer kinetic analysis indicated that the process of chlorobenzene degradation in the BTF occurred between the zero-stage reaction and the first-stage reaction. This BTF contributed significantly to the biodegradability of chlorobenzene, overcoming the limitation of gas-to-liquid/solid mass transfer of chlorobenzene. The analysis of the species diversity showed that Thermomonas, Petrimona, Comana, and Ottowia were typical organic-matter-degrading bacteria that degraded chlorobenzene efficiently with xylene present.
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Nayyeri H, Ghanavati H, Mazaheri H, Joshaghani AH. Simultaneous biodegradation of BTX by isolated degrading bacterial strains in a newly designed modulated bio-scrubber assisted to airlift parallel bioreactors. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2022; 20:11-27. [PMID: 35669806 PMCID: PMC9163249 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A new approach in this present study, isolated bacteria from refinery sludge were used in a laboratory-scale bio-scrubber, connecting with two parallel airlift bioreactors to eliminate harmful and toxic fumes of BTX. One of the main features of this bio-scrubber is using porous mineral pumice fillers (Lava Rock) inside poly-urethane foam (PUF) module tower, connecting with agitator bio-phasic continuously stirred tank bio-reactor (CSTbR) to increase retention time and contact surface. The bio-scrubber and airlift plug flow bio-reactor (PFbR) were used in parallel with cooling flow to be more efficient in preservation of the corresponding heater and endothermic from removal reactions. Performance of bio-scrubber in removing BTX vapors with 10 % silicone oil and grade 350 poise as organic phase in the inlet concentration range of 180 ± 0.3 to 1950.5 ± 0.1 mg /m3 (ppmv) for up to 6 months in two air flow rate's 2.5 and 3.5 (lit/min) that each treatment lasted about 2 months. The rate of biodegradation in this study was carried out by mixing 3 isolated bacteria, obtaining from refinery sludge, named DBIS-03, DTIS-12, and DXIS-09, which they had highest biodegradability than all the isolated strains. The results of BTX biodegradation at each EBRT (Empty Bed Retention Time) showed that the removal efficiency of BTX with isolated bacterial samples was able to grow and multiply on porous fillers and regenerate the growth medium of autotrophic bacterial strain with O2 gas and micronutrients from contaminated air flow with minimum concentration. Benzene, toluene and xylene inputs maximum concentration over a period of 20 days loading, respectively: B :99.2 % (at 2.5 lit/min and 183.2 ± 0.2 mg /m3 (ppmv)), T: 98 % (at 2.5 lit/min and 327.1 ± 0.1 mg /m3 ( ppmv)) and X: 85.9 % (at 2.5 lit/min and 296.8 ± 0.8 mg /m3 (ppmv)) compared to 3.5 lit/min and so show the best performance in removing BTX from polluted air in period of 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Nayyeri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghanavati
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Organization (AREEO), Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran
| | - Hossein Mazaheri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
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Dou X, Liu J, Qi H, Li P, Lu S, Li J. Synergistic removal of m-xylene and its corresponding mechanism in a biotrickling filter. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Rastogi S, Kumar R. Statistical optimization of biosurfactant production using waste biomaterial and biosorption of Pb 2+ under concomitant submerged fermentation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 295:113158. [PMID: 34214793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to statistically optimize the biosurfactant production yield of Pseudomonas sp. F5 using raw orange peel extract (Central composite design (CCD) design; Surface tension (ST) reduction = 32.41 dyne/cm; biosurfactant yield = ~2.4 g/L). The extracted biosurfactant was characterized as a glycolipid having predominant mono-rhamnolipids than di-rhamnolipids with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 40 mg/L. The potential of strain F5 for good biosurfactant yield during Pb2+ stress and the inherent mechanism for simultaneous biosorption of Pb2+ was also investigated. During concomitant submerged fermentation from 100 to 500 mg/L of Pb2+ showed enhancement in adsorption capacity from 99.44 to 267.86 mg/g respectively having 60.33 ± 2.87 of emulsification index (E24%) measured at 100 mg/L Pb2+ corresponding to maximum biosurfactant production during metal stress. The bacterium showed a high Pb2+ MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 2200 mg/L and efficiently biosorbed Pb2+ ions at pH 7 and a dosage of 0.05 g under varying initial metal ion concentration and contact time. The exothermic biosorption (chemisorption) mechanism was found to be fitted well with Langmuir (R2 = 0.9859) and Pseudo second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9975; 200 mg/L) having a maximum adsorption capacity of 294.12 mg/g. These findings indicated the excellent potential of biosurfactant producing strain F5 in the removal of Pb2+ ions from aqueous system and management of agrowastes as suitable carbon substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Rastogi
- Rhizosphere Biology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar (A Central) University, Vidya Vihar Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, India.
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Rhizosphere Biology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar (A Central) University, Vidya Vihar Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, India.
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