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Duan T, Zhao J, Zhu L. Insights into CO 2 and N 2O emissions driven by applying biochar and nitrogen fertilizers in upland soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172439. [PMID: 38621540 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Biochar and soil carbon sequestration hold promise in mitigating global warming by storing carbon in the soil. However, the interaction between biochar properties, soil carbon-nitrogen cycling, and nitrogen fertilizer application's impact on soil carbon-nitrogen balance remained unclear. Herein, we conducted batch experiments to study the effects and mechanisms of rice straw biochar application (produced at 300, 500, and 700 °C) on net greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, N2O, CH4) in upland soils under different forms of nitrogen fertilizers. The findings revealed that (NH4)2SO4 and urea significantly elevated soil carbon dioxide equivalent emissions, ranging from 28 to 61.7 kg CO2e/ha and 8.2 to 37.7 kg CO2e/ha, respectively. Conversely, KNO3 reduced soil CO2e emissions, ranging from 2.2 to 13.6 kg CO2e/ha. However, none of these three nitrogen forms exhibited a significant effect on CH4 emissions. The pyrolysis temperature of biochar was found negatively correlated with soil CO2 and N2O emissions. The alkaline substances presented in biochar pyrolyzed at 500-700 °C raised soil pH, increased the ratio of Gram-negative to Gram-positive bacteria, and enhanced the relative abundance of Sphingomonadaceae. Moreover, the co-application of KNO3 based nitrogen fertilizer and biochar increased the total carbon/inorganic nitrogen ratio and reduces the relative abundance of Nitrospirae. This series of reactions led to a significant increase in soil DOC content, meanwhile reduced soil CO2 emissions, and inhibited the nitrification process and decreased the emission of soil N2O. This study provided a scientific basis for the rational application of biochar in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongzhou Duan
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jiating Zhao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Sadiq M, Rahim N, Tahir MM, Alasmari A, Alqahtani MM, Albogami A, Ghanem KZ, Abdein MA, Ali M, Mehmood N, Yuan J, Shaheen A, Shehzad M, El-Sayed MH, Chen G, Li G. Conservation tillage: a way to improve yield and soil properties and decrease global warming potential in spring wheat agroecosystems. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1356426. [PMID: 38894971 PMCID: PMC11183815 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1356426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is one of the main challenges, and it poses a tough challenge to the agriculture industry globally. Additionally, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are the main contributor to climate change; however, croplands are a prominent source of GHG emissions. Yet this complex challenge can be mitigated through climate-smart agricultural practices. Conservation tillage is commonly known to preserve soil and mitigate environmental change by reducing GHG emissions. Nonetheless, there is still a paucity of information on the influences of conservation tillage on wheat yield, soil properties, and GHG flux, particularly in the semi-arid Dingxi belt. Hence, in order to fill this gap, different tillage systems, namely conventional tillage (CT) control, straw incorporation with conventional tillage (CTS), no-tillage (NT), and stubble return with no-tillage (NTS), were laid at Dingxi, Gansu province of China, under a randomized complete block design with three replications to examine their impacts on yield, soil properties, and GHG fluxes. Results depicted that different conservative tillage systems (CTS, NTS, and NT) significantly (p < 0.05) increased the plant height, number of spikes per plant, seed number per meter square, root yield, aboveground biomass yield, thousand-grain weight, grain yield, and dry matter yield compared with CT. Moreover, these conservation tillage systems notably improved the soil properties (soil gravimetric water content, water-filled pore space, water storage, porosity, aggregates, saturated hydraulic conductivity, organic carbon, light fraction organic carbon, carbon storage, microbial biomass carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen storage, microbial biomass nitrogen, total phosphorous, available phosphorous, total potassium, available potassium, microbial counts, urease, alkaline phosphatase, invertase, cellulase, and catalase) while decreasing the soil temperature and bulk density over CT. However, CTS, NTS, and NT had non-significant effects on ECe, pH, and stoichiometric properties (C:N ratio, C:P ratio, and N:P ratio). Additionally, conservation-based tillage regimes NTS, NT, and CTS significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the emission and net global warming potential of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) by 23.44, 19.57, and 16.54%, respectively, and decreased the greenhouse gas intensity by 23.20, 29.96, and 18.72%, respectively, over CT. We conclude that NTS is the best approach to increasing yield, soil and water conservation, resilience, and mitigation of agroecosystem capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahran Sadiq
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, Pakistan
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nasir Rahim
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Majid Mahmood Tahir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | | | - Mesfer M. Alqahtani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Ad-Dawadimi, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Albogami
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholoud Z. Ghanem
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science & Humanities, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Seeds Development Department, El-Nada Misr Scientific Research and Development Projects, Turrell, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Ali
- Maryout Research Station, Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nasir Mehmood
- College of Horticulture and the Fujian provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianyu Yuan
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Aqila Shaheen
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shehzad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed H. El-Sayed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Arts-Rafha, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guoxiang Chen
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guang Li
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Deng N, Gubry-Rangin C, Song XT, Ju XT, Liu SY, Shen JP, Di HJ, Han LL, Zhang LM. AOB Nitrosospira cluster 3a.2 (D11) dominates N 2O emissions in fertilised agricultural soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 355:120504. [PMID: 38447513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidation process directly contribute to soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in agricultural soils. However, taxonomy of the key nitrifiers (within ammonia oxidising bacteria (AOB), archaea (AOA) and complete ammonia oxidisers (comammox Nitrospira)) responsible for substantial N2O emissions in agricultural soils is unknown, as is their regulation by soil biotic and abiotic factors. In this study, cumulative N2O emissions, nitrification rates, abundance and community structure of nitrifiers were investigated in 16 agricultural soils from major crop production regions of China using microcosm experiments with amended nitrogen (N) supplemented or not with a nitrification inhibitor (nitrapyrin). Key nitrifier groups involved in N2O emissions were identified by comparative analyses of the different treatments, combining sequencing and random forest analyses. Soil cumulative N2O emissions significantly increased with soil pH in all agricultural soils. However, they decreased with soil organic carbon (SOC) in alkaline soils. Nitrapyrin significantly inhibited soil cumulative N2O emissions and AOB growth, with a significant inhibition of the AOB Nitrosospira cluster 3a.2 (D11) abundance. One Nitrosospira multiformis-like OTU phylotype (OTU34), which was classified within the AOB Nitrosospira cluster 3a.2 (D11), had the greatest importance on cumulative N2O emissions and its growth significantly depended on soil pH and SOC contents, with higher growth at high pH and low SOC conditions. Collectively, our results demonstrate that alkaline soils with low SOC contents have high N2O emissions, which were mainly driven by AOB Nitrosospira cluster 3a.2 (D11). Nitrapyrin can efficiently reduce nitrification-related N2O emissions by inhibiting the activity of AOB Nitrosospira cluster 3a.2 (D11). This study advances our understanding of key nitrifiers responsible for high N2O emissions in agricultural soils and their controlling factors, and provides vital knowledge for N2O emission mitigation in agricultural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Xiao-Tong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xiao-Tang Ju
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Si-Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Ju-Pei Shen
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Hong-Jie Di
- Centre for Soil and Environmental Research, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Li-Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Li-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Tao Z, Liu Y, Li S, Li B, Fan X, Liu C, Hu C, Liu H, Li Z. Global warming potential assessment under reclaimed water and livestock wastewater irrigation coupled with co-application of inhibitors and biochar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120143. [PMID: 38301477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The application of nitrification inhibitors (nitrapyrin) and urease inhibitors (N-(N-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide) under conventional water resources has been considered as an effective means to improve nitrogen utilization efficiency and mitigate soil greenhouse gas emissions. However, it is not known whether the inhibitors still have an inhibitory effect under unconventional water resources (reclaimed water and livestock wastewater) irrigation and whether their use in combination with biochar improves the mitigation effect. Therefore, unconventional water resources were used for irrigation, with groundwater (GW) control. Nitrapyrin and N-(N-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide were used alone or in combination with biochar in a pot experiment, and CO2, N2O, and CH4 emissions were measured. The results showed that irrigation of unconventional water resources exacerbated global warming potential (GWP). All exogenous substance treatments increased CO2 and CH4 emissions and suppressed N2O emissions, independent of the type of water, compared to no substances (NS). The inhibitors were ineffective in reducing the GWP whether or not in combination with biochar, and the combined application of inhibitors with biochar further increased the GWP. This study suggests that using inhibitors and biochar in combination to regulate the greenhouse effect under unconventional water resources irrigation should be done with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tao
- Agricultural Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Observation Research Station, Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Agricultural Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Observation Research Station, Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Siyi Li
- Agricultural Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Observation Research Station, Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Baogui Li
- Agricultural Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Observation Research Station, Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang, 453002, China; College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangyang Fan
- Agricultural Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Observation Research Station, Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Chuncheng Liu
- Agricultural Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Observation Research Station, Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Chao Hu
- Agricultural Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Observation Research Station, Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Hongen Liu
- Resources and Environment College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhongyang Li
- Agricultural Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Observation Research Station, Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang, 453002, China; National Research and Observation Station of Shangqiu Agro-ecology System, Shangqiu, 476000, China.
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Huangfu C, Wang B, Hu W. Mycorrhizal colonization had little effect on growth of Carex thunbergii but inhibited its nitrogen uptake under deficit water supply. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 132:217-227. [PMID: 37464876 PMCID: PMC10583201 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plant nitrogen (N) acquisition via arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) serves as a dominant pathway in the N nutrition of many plants, but the functional impact of AMF in acquisition of N by wetland plants has not been well quantified. Subtropical lake-wetland ecosystems are characterized by seasonal changes in the water table and low N availability in soil. Yet, it is unclear whether and how AMF alters the N acquisition pattern of plants for various forms of N and how this process is influenced by soil water conditions. METHODS We performed a pot study with Carex thunbergii that were either colonized by AMF or not colonized and also subjected to different water conditions. We used 15N labelling to track plant N uptake. KEY RESULTS Colonization by AMF had little effect on the biomass components of C. thunbergii but did significantly affect the plant functional traits and N acquisition in ways that were dependent on the soil water conditions. The N uptake rate of AMF-colonized plants was significantly lower than that of the non-colonized plants in conditions of low soil water. A decreased NO3- uptake rate in AMF-colonized plants reduced the N:P ratio of the plants. Although C. thunbergii predominantly took up N in the form of NO3-, higher water availability increased the proportion of N taken up as NH4+, irrespective of the inoculation status. CONCLUSIONS These results emphasize the importance of AMF colonization in controlling the N uptake strategies of plants and can improve predictions of N budget under the changing water table conditions in this subtropical wetland ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohe Huangfu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wuqiong Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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Guo T, Bai SH, Omidvar N, Wang Y, Chen F, Zhang M. Insight into the functional mechanisms of nitrogen-cycling inhibitors in decreasing yield-scaled ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emission: A global meta-analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139611. [PMID: 37482310 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil ammonia (NH3) volatilization and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission decrease nitrogen (N) utilization efficiency and cause some environmental problems. The N-cycling inhibitors are suggested to apply to enhance N utilization efficiency. Quantifying effects of N-cycling inhibitors on yield-scaled NH3 volatilization and N2O emission and functional genes could provide support for the optimal selection and application of N-cycling inhibitor. We conducted a meta-analysis to reveal the effects of N-cycling inhibitors on soil abiotic properties, functional genes and yield-scaled NH3 volatilization and N2O emission by extracting data from 166 published articles and linked their comprehensive relationships. The N-cycling inhibitors in this meta-analysis mainly includes nitrification inhibitors 3, 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, dicyandiamide and 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide and biological nitrification inhibitors methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate and 1, 9-decanediol. The N-cycling inhibitor applications significantly increased alkaline soil pH but significantly decreased acidic soil pH. The N-cycling inhibitors decreased soil AOB amoA gene abundances mostly under the condition of pH 4.5-6 (mean: 212%, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 249% and -176%) and significantly decreased nirS gene (mean: 39%; 95% CI: 72% and -6%). The yield-scaled NH3 volatilization was significantly decreased by the N-cycling inhibitors under the condition of soil pH = 7-8.5 (mean: 45%; 95% CI: 59% and -31%). The yield-scaled N2O emission was also significantly reduced by all N-cycling inhibitors and had negative correlations with the soil nirK and nirS gene abundances. The effects of N-cycling inhibitors on soil pH, ammonium-N, nitrate-N and nitrifying and denitrifying genes and yield-scaled NH3 volatilization and N2O emission were dominated by the inhibitor types, soil textures, crop species and environmental pH. Our study could provide technical support for the optimal selection and application of N-cycling inhibitor under different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Negar Omidvar
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Falin Chen
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Manyun Zhang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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Luo L, Wang J, Lv J, Liu Z, Sun T, Yang Y, Zhu YG. Carbon Sequestration Strategies in Soil Using Biochar: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11357-11372. [PMID: 37493521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a carbon (C)-rich material obtained from the thermochemical conversion of biomass under oxygen-limited environments, has been proposed as one of the most promising materials for C sequestration and climate mitigation in soil. The C sequestration contribution of biochar hinges not only on its fused aromatic structure but also on its abiotic and biotic reactions with soil components across its entire life cycle in the environment. For instance, minerals and microorganisms can deeply participate in the mineralization or complexation of the labile (soluble and easily decomposable) and even recalcitrant fractions of biochar, thereby profoundly affecting C cycling and sequestration in soil. Here we identify five key issues closely related to the application of biochar for C sequestration in soil and review its outstanding advances. Specifically, the terms use of biochar, pyrochar, and hydrochar, the stability of biochar in soil, the effect of biochar on the flux and speciation changes of C in soil, the emission of nitrogen-containing greenhouse gases induced by biochar production and soil application, and the application barriers of biochar in soil are expounded. By elaborating on these critical issues, we discuss the challenges and knowledge gaps that hinder our understanding and application of biochar for C sequestration in soil and provide outlooks for future research directions. We suggest that combining the mechanistic understanding of biochar-to-soil interactions and long-term field studies, while considering the influence of multiple factors and processes, is essential to bridge these knowledge gaps. Further, the standards for biochar production and soil application should be widely implemented, and the threshold values of biochar application in soil should be urgently developed. Also needed are comprehensive and prospective life cycle assessments that are not restricted to soil C sequestration and account for the contributions of contamination remediation, soil quality improvement, and vegetation C sequestration to accurately reflect the total benefits of biochar on C sequestration in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxiao Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jitao Lv
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengang Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianran Sun
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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8
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Pokharel P, Chang SX. Biochar decreases and nitrification inhibitor increases phosphorus limitation for microbial growth in a wheat-canola rotation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159773. [PMID: 36374728 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural management practices affect microbial populations and ecoenzymatic activities; however, the effect of these practices on ecological stoichiometry relating the elemental ratio of resources to microbial biomass is poorly understood. In a 2-year field study, we assessed the effects of biochar and nitrapyrin (a commonly used nitrification inhibitor (NI)) on the ecological stoichiometry and microbial nutrient limitation in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-canola (Brassica juncea L.) rotation. This study used a 3 × 2 factorial design that included two treatments: (i) biochar with three levels: no biochar addition (BC0), and biochar added at 10 (BC10) and 20 t ha-1 (BC20), and (ii) NI with two levels: without (NI0) and with NI (NI1). Soil microbial biomass carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were increased by biochar application, regardless of the application rate, but were not affected by NI application. Biochar increased and NI decreased β-1,4-glucosidase, β-1,4-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and acid phosphatase (P < 0.05) with subsequent changes in ecoenzymatic stoichiometry. Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry analysis showed microbial P limitation relative to N in the studied area irrespective of the treatment, with contrasting effects of biochar (decreasing) and NI (increasing) on the vector angle of ecoenzymatic stoichiometry (P = 0.037 and 0.043, respectively). Biochar applied at 20 t ha-1 decreased the threshold elemental ratio of C:P at which microbial growth switches between nutrient and C limitations, suggesting a shift towards C relative to nutrient (P) limitation. This study concludes that biochar produced from manure compost can be useful in increasing microbial growth by alleviating P limitations in a wheat-canola rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Pokharel
- 442 Earth Sciences Building, Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada.
| | - Scott X Chang
- 442 Earth Sciences Building, Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada.
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9
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Fan D, He W, Smith WN, Drury CF, Jiang R, Grant BB, Shi Y, Song D, Chen Y, Wang X, He P, Zou G. Global evaluation of inhibitor impacts on ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils: A meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:5121-5141. [PMID: 35678108 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors are widely considered an efficient tool for reducing nitrogen (N) loss and improving N use efficiency, but their effectiveness is highly variable across agroecosystems. In this study, we synthesized 182 studies (222 sites) worldwide to evaluate the impacts of inhibitors (urease inhibitors [UI], nitrification inhibitors [NI] and combined inhibitors) on crop yields and gaseous N loss (ammonia [NH3 ] and nitrous oxide [N2 O] emissions) and explored their responses to different management and environmental factors including inhibitor application timing, fertilization regime, cropping system, water management, soil properties and climatic conditions using subgroup meta-analysis, meta-regression and multivariate analyses. The UI were most effective in enhancing crop yields (by 5%) and reducing NH3 volatilization (by 51%), whereas NI were most effective at reducing N2 O emissions (by 49%). The application of UI mitigates NH3 loss and increases crop yields especially in high NH3 -N loss scenarios, whereas NI application would minimize the net N2 O emissions and the resultant environmental impacts especially in low NH3 -N loss scenarios. Alternatively, the combined application of UI and NI enables producers to balance crop production and environmental conservation goals without pollution tradeoffs. The inhibitor efficacy for decreasing gaseous N loss was dependent upon soil and climatic conditions and management practices. Notably, both meta-regression and multivariate analyses suggest that inhibitors provide a greater opportunity for reducing fertilizer N inputs in high-N-surplus systems and presumably favor crop yield enhancement under soil N deficiency situations. The pursuit of an improved understanding of the interactions between plant-soil-climate-management systems and different types of inhibitors should continue to optimize the effectiveness of inhibitors for reducing environmental losses while increasing productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijia Fan
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wentian He
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ward N Smith
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Craig F Drury
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rong Jiang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Brian B Grant
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yaoyao Shi
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daping Song
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexia Wang
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping He
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyuan Zou
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yuan J, Yan L, Li G, Sadiq M, Rahim N, Wu J, Ma W, Xu G, Du M. Effects of conservation tillage strategies on soil physicochemical indicators and N 2O emission under spring wheat monocropping system conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7066. [PMID: 35487963 PMCID: PMC9054807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11391-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the important greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O) has attracted much attention globally under climate change context. Agricultural practices are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, scarcity of literature is available on the effects of different tillage measures on soil N2O emission under spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ecosystem in the semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau. The main objective of the experimental study was to explore the influence of conservation tillage techniques on soil physicochemical properties, nitrous oxide emission and yield in the Northern semi-arid Dingxi region of China. Four treatments viz., conventional tillage (CT), no tillage (NT), straw mulch with conventional tillage (TS) and stubble-return with no-till (NTS) were evaluated under randomized complete block design with three replications. Our results depicted that compared with conventional tillage, bulk density and water content of topsoil was increased and soil pH value was reduced under conservation tillage techniques. Conservation tillage NT, TS and NTS increased organic carbon, TN, MBN and NH4+-N and reduced the accumulation of NO3–N. Additionally, although the N2O emission under NT, TS and NTS was 8.95, 41.90 and 21.05% respectively higher than under T treatment, the corresponding wheat yield was 15.40, 31.97 and 63.21% higher than T treatment. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that soil moisture and temperature were the most significant factors affecting soil N2O emission. The NTS treatment pointedly increased crop yield without significantly increasing soil N2O emission. Consequently, based on economic and environmental benefits and considering N2O emission and crop yield, we suggest that NTS technique is the best conservation tillage strategy in the semi-arid environmental zone of the Loess Plateau of Dingxi China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Yuan
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lijuan Yan
- College of Agriculture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Guang Li
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Mahran Sadiq
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,College of Agriculture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, 12350, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Rahim
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, 12350, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Jiangqi Wu
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Guorong Xu
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Mengyin Du
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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