1
|
Zhong Y, Zhou T, Wei S, Tang Z, Li C, Ding Y. Kinetic reaction mechanism of lignocellulosic biomass oxidative pyrolysis based on combined kinetics. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120055. [PMID: 38184868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The kinetics knowledge of lignocellulosic biomass decomposition is essential to develop efficient thermochemical conversion technology. However, the simplification of reaction mechanisms in existing oxidative pyrolysis studies largely compromises the application of kinetic models. To explore more exact kinetic parameters and reaction mechanism of lignocellulosic biomass oxidative pyrolysis, an updated oxidative pyrolysis kinetic model (seven-step reaction combined kinetics model) coupled with an optimization algorithm is proposed. Based on a series of thermogravimetric experiments in an air atmosphere, the extra oxidative pyrolysis kinetic parameters are obtained by the Shuffled Complex Evolution method. The proposed kinetic model is validated based on the degradation process of each component (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin). Furthermore, the obtained kinetic parameters are applied to predict the oxidative pyrolysis behavior, and the predicted mass loss rate is in good agreement with the experimental data. Eventually, according to the key combined kinetics parameters, it is found that the oxidative pyrolysis mechanisms of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin correspond to the power law, nucleation & growth, and chemical reaction order, respectively, while the combustion of char corresponds to the reaction order mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhong
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Institute for Natural Disaster Risk Prevention and Emergency Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Siwei Wei
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhentao Tang
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Changhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yanming Ding
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Institute for Natural Disaster Risk Prevention and Emergency Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Raashid M, Shen X, Waqas Iqbal M, Ali I, Ahmad MS, Simakov DSA, Elkamel A, Shen B. Investigation of the evolved pyrolytic products and energy potential of Bagasse: experimental, kinetic, thermodynamic and boosted regression trees analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130295. [PMID: 38184085 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
This study explored bagasse's energy potential grown using treated industrial wastewater through various analyses, experimental, kinetic, thermodynamic, and machine learning boosted regression tree methods. Thermogravimetry was employed to determine thermal degradation characteristics, varying the heating rate from 10 to 30 °C/min. The primary pyrolysis products from bagasse are H2, CH4, H2O, CO2, and hydrocarbons. Kinetic parameters were estimated using three model-free methods, yielding activation energies of approximately 245.98 kJ mol-1, 247.58 kJ mol-1, and 244.69 kJ mol-1. Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated the feasibility and reactivity of pyrolysis with ΔH ≈ 240.72 kJ mol-1, ΔG ≈ 162.87 kJ mol-1, and ΔS ≈ 165.35 J mol-1 K-1. The distribution of activation energy was analyzed using the multiple distributed activation energy model. Lastly, boosted regression trees predicted thermal degradation successfully, with an R2 of 0.9943. Therefore, bagasse's potential as an eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels promotes waste utilization and carbon footprint reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Muhammad Raashid
- Department of Chemical, Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering, New campus, UET Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoqian Shen
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Waqas Iqbal
- Department of Chemical, Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering, New campus, UET Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Ali
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Ali Elkamel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Boxiong Shen
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Ma X, Yu Z, Shen G. Effect of microwave pretreatment on pyrolysis of chili straw: thermodynamics, activation energy, and solid reaction mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:15759-15769. [PMID: 38305973 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In this work, chili straw (CS) was pretreated by microwave at 250 W, 406 W, 567 W, and 700 W. The pyrolysis characteristics, kinetics, thermodynamic parameters, and solid reaction mechanism were investigated. The maximum weight loss rate increases from - 24.72%/°C at P0 to - 28.01%/°C at P700 after microwave pretreatment, and the residual mass decreases from 31.81 at P0 to 26.71% at P700. In addition, microwave pretreatment leads to a decrease in activation energy, ∆H, and ∆G at the end of the pyrolysis (α > 0.7). The solid reaction mechanism of CS pyrolysis is revealed by the Z-master plots method, with un-pretreated CS conforming to P2, D4, F3/2, and F3, respectively. Microwave pretreatment changes the solid reaction mechanism mainly in the third stage, when α = 0.8, the mechanism function changes from f(α) = (1 - α)3 at P0 to f(α) = (1 - α) at P700, and the number of reaction order is reduced, which is profitable for CS pyrolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xikui Zhang
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Zhaosheng Yu
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Gao Shen
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao H, Mi B, Li N, Wang T, Xue Y. Reutilization of Reclaimed Asphalt Binder via Co-Pyrolysis with Rice Husk: Thermal Degradation Behaviors and Kinetic Analysis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7160. [PMID: 38005088 PMCID: PMC10672246 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Realizing the utilization of reclaimed asphalt binder (RAB) and rice husk (RH) to reduce environmental pollution and expand the reutilization technique of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), co-pyrolysis of RAB with RH has great potential. In this study, the co-pyrolysis behaviors, gaseous products, and kinetics were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). The results showed that incorporating RH into RAB improved its pyrolysis characteristics. The interactions between RAB and RH showed initial inhibition followed by subsequent promotion. The primary gaseous products formed during co-pyrolysis were aliphatic hydrocarbons, water, and carbon dioxide, along with smaller amounts of aldehydes and alcohols originating from RH pyrolysis. All average activation energy values for the blends, determined through iso-conversional methods, decreased with RH addition. The combined kinetic analysis revealed two distinct mechanisms: (1) at the lower conversion range, the pyrolysis of the blend followed a random nucleation and three-dimensional growth mechanism, while (2) at the higher conversion range, the control mechanism transitioned into three-dimensional diffusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bao Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Teng Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China;
- Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yongjie Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Manikandan V, Min SC. Biofabrication of carbon quantum dots and their food packaging applications: a review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1159-1171. [PMID: 37362813 PMCID: PMC10290018 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01309-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are an emerging class of novel carbon nanomaterials (< 10 nm). These zero-dimensional CQDs have recently invoked significant interest due to their high fluorescence ability, strong electronic conductivity, biocompatibility, excellent chemical stability, non-toxicity, and environmental safety. Bio-fabrication of CQDs from organic resources remains attractive owing to their excellent functional properties. An emerging class of CQDs is fabricated by various conventional methods. However, these methods need many chemical agents and instrument facilities. Bio-fabrication of CQDs has a lot of benefits because of its simple fabrication and eco-friendly. Therefore, the green synthesized CQDs are considered optimistic candidates for developing novel functional materials for food packaging applications. Thus, it is important to investigate the latest update on green-based CQDs for food packaging applications. This current review paper discusses the physicochemical properties of CQDs, the bio-fabrication of CQDs, and the fluorescent properties of CQDs along with their food packaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Velu Manikandan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women’s University, 621 Hwarangro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01797 Republic of Korea
| | - Sea Cheol Min
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women’s University, 621 Hwarangro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01797 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tagade A, Sawarkar AN. Valorization of millet agro-residues for bioenergy production through pyrolysis: Recent inroads, technological bottlenecks, possible remedies, and future directions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129335. [PMID: 37343798 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Millets are receiving increasing attention, lately, in view of their preeminent agronomic traits, nutritional significance, and renewed emphasis on highlighting their health benefits through national and international programs. As a consequence, a variety of millets are being cultivated in different parts of the world resulting in significant amount of millet agro-residues. Present study comprehends critical analysis of reported investigations on pyrolysis of different millet agro-residues encompassing (i) physico-chemical characterization (ii) kinetics and thermodynamic parameters (iii) reactors employed and (iv) relationship between the reaction conditions and characteristics of millets-derived biochar and its prospective applications. Based on the analysis of reported investigations, specific research gaps have been figured out. Finally, future directions for leveraging the energy potential of millet agro-residues are also discussed. The analysis elucidated is expected to be useful for the researchers for making further inroads pertaining to sustainable utilization of millet agro-residues in tandem with other commonly employed agro-residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Tagade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish N Sawarkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gajera ZR, Mungray AA, Rene ER, Mungray AK. Hydrothermal carbonization of cow dung with human urine as a solvent for hydrochar: An experimental and kinetic study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 327:116854. [PMID: 36455439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is the most cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and efficient physicochemical and biochemical process for converting biomass to products with added value. The objective and novelty of this work is to produce and investigate the qualities of hydrochar fuel (as a solid fuel) from cow manure using human urine as a solvent in order to find a suitable replacement for conventional fuel (i.e., coal). HTC based studies were conducted in batch, at three different reaction temperatures (180 °C, 200 °C, and 220 °C) and two different reaction periods (2 and 4 h). For kinetic analysis and reaction mechanism of the combustion behavior of the produced hydrochar, the model free kinetic methods and the z-master plot were used. From the model free kinetics methods, it was observed that the resultant optimum average activation energy and pre-exponential factor for the produced hydrochar at 180 °C and 2 h reaction period (HTC_180_2) were ∼120 kJ/mol and ∼5.59 × 1025 sec-1, respectively. In addition, the little variation between ΔEα and ΔHα (∼10 kJ/mol) suggests that the combustion of produced hydrochar (HTC_180_2) occurred with minimal energy use. Furthermore, the hydrochar exhibited its highest heating value at 200 °C for 4 h (HTC_200_4) which was 1.44 times higher than the raw dung (13.4 MJ/kg) due to the HTC process. The produced hydrochar demonstrated a significant improvement compared to the conventional solvent, i.e. water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zavin R Gajera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Alka A Mungray
- Department of Chemical Engineering, S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Arvind Kumar Mungray
- Department of Chemical Engineering, S.V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kiełbasa K, Bayar Ş, Varol EA, Sreńscek-Nazzal J, Bosacka M, Miądlicki P, Serafin J, Wróbel RJ, Michalkiewicz B. Carbon Dioxide Adsorption over Activated Carbons Produced from Molasses Using H 2SO 4, H 3PO 4, HCl, NaOH, and KOH as Activating Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:7467. [PMID: 36364295 PMCID: PMC9653830 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cost-effective activated carbons for CO2 adsorption were developed from molasses using H2SO4, H3PO4, HCl, NaOH, and KOH as activating agents. At the temperature of 0 °C and a pressure of 1 bar, CO2 adsorption equal to 5.18 mmol/g was achieved over activated carbon obtained by KOH activation. The excellent CO2 adsorption of M-KOH can be attributed to its high microporosity. However, activated carbon prepared using HCl showed quite high CO2 adsorption while having very low microporosity. The absence of acid species on the surface promotes CO2 adsorption over M-HCl. The pore size ranges that are important for CO2 adsorption at different temperatures were estimated. The higher the adsorption temperature, the more crucial smaller pores were. For 1 bar pressure and temperatures of 0, 10, 20, and 30 °C, the most important were pores equal and below: 0.733, 0.733, 0.679, and 0.536 nm, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kiełbasa
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Şahin Bayar
- Faculty of Engineering, Deptarment of Chemical Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir 26555, Turkey
| | - Esin Apaydin Varol
- Faculty of Engineering, Deptarment of Chemical Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir 26555, Turkey
| | - Joanna Sreńscek-Nazzal
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Bosacka
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Miądlicki
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Serafin
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafał J. Wróbel
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beata Michalkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang W, Lemaire R, Bensakhria A, Luart D. Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic modeling of the co-pyrolysis of a bituminous coal and poplar wood. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
10
|
Zhang P, Chen Z, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Ning X, Zhou J. Co-pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of low metamorphic coal and pine sawdust. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21725-21735. [PMID: 36043111 PMCID: PMC9353879 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02461f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-pyrolysis experiments with low metamorphic coal (LC) and pine sawdust (PS) were carried out in a fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor. The effect of biomass addition on the yield distribution and composition of the coal pyrolysis products was investigated. The pyrolysis behavior was studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The Coats–Redfern integral and Achar differential methods were used to study the mechanism functions and the kinetic parameters of the pyrolysis process of each sample. The results show that there is a synergistic effect on the co-pyrolysis and it is most pronounced at a PS mixing ratio of 30%, and it results in improved tar and gas yields. Part of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the co-pyrolysis tar are converted into phenolic substances with a simple structure, which improves the quality of the tar. At the same time, the alcohols and acids in the PS and LC react to generate a large number of esters. The addition of PS shifted the LC pyrolysis process towards the low temperature region, lowering the pyrolysis temperature of the coal sample and increasing the pyrolysis rate of the sample. The main pyrolysis process of LC conforms to the second-order chemical reaction law with an activation energy of 35.93 kJ mol−1, and the main pyrolysis process of PS conforms to the one-dimensional diffusion parabolic law with an activation energy of 63.84 kJ mol−1, and the main pyrolysis process of LC and PS co-pyrolysis conforms to a second-order chemical reaction law with an activation energy of 86.19 kJ mol−1. The research on the product distribution of the co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass and the use of the Coats–Redfern integral method and the Achar differential method to study the kinetic parameters and mechanism of the pyrolysis process.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710015 China
| | - Zhaoyang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710015 China
| | - Qiuli Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710015 China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710015 China
| | - Xiaogang Ning
- Shaanxi Beiyuan Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd Jinjie Industrial Park Shenmu 719319 Shaanxi China
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710015 China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh S, Tagade A, Verma A, Sharma A, Tekade SP, Sawarkar AN. Insights into kinetic and thermodynamic analyses of co-pyrolysis of wheat straw and plastic waste via thermogravimetric analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 356:127332. [PMID: 35589042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work studied the co-pyrolysis of wheat straw (WS) and polyethylene (PE) via thermogravimetric experiments from room temperature to 1000 °C at various heating rates (10, 20, and 30 °C/min). Thermal behavior revealed that the maximum decomposition of WS, PE, and their blend occurred in three temperature ranges, viz. 250 - 496, 200 - 486, and 200 - 501 °C. Kinetic parameters were determined using model-free isoconversional methods. Activation energy from KAS (163.56, 220.26 and 196.78 kJ/mol for WS, PE, and blend), FWO (165.97, 222.05, 198.86 kJ/mol for WS, PE, and blend), and Starink (163.45, 220.05, 196.46 kJ/mol for WS, PE, and blend) method was estimated. From among various solid-state kinetic models, first-order reaction kinetics and one and two-dimensional diffusion models dominated co-pyrolysis of WS and PE. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed the feasibility of co-pyrolysis of WS and PE while differential thermal analysis signified that endothermic and exothermic reactions occur simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankita Tagade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shyam P Tekade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gharda Institute of Technology, Lavel 415708, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashish N Sawarkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kirti N, Tekade SP, Tagade A, Sawarkar AN. Pyrolysis of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) stalk: Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of degradation stages via isoconversional and master plot methods. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126440. [PMID: 34852283 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Detailed analysis of thermo-kinetics, reaction mechanism, and estimation of thermodynamic parameters are imperative for the design of reactor systems in thermochemical conversion processes. Present investigation was aimed at exploring the pyrolysis potential of pigeon pea stalk (PPS) by thermogravimetric experiments at 10, 20, and 30 °C/min heating rates. Maximum devolatilization of PPS was found to take place below 480 °C. The average activation energy for PPS pyrolysis was found to be 95.97, 100.74, 96.24, and 96.64 kJ/mol by Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Starink, and Friedman method, respectively. Statistical analysis by one way analysis of variance method by employing Tukey test revealed that the difference in activation energy estimated from different methods was insignificant. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG) together with reaction mechanisms were also evaluated. Difference in the activation energy and enthalpy was found to be less than 5 kJ/mol. R2 and R3 models were found best fitted with experimental PPS pyrolysis data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Kirti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj - 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shyam P Tekade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gharda Institute of Technology, Lavel-415708, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankita Tagade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj - 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish N Sawarkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj - 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|