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Wang Y, Huang C, Liu G, Zhao Z, Li H, Sun Y. Assessing spatiotemporal risks of nonpoint source pollution via soil erosion: a coastal case in the Yellow River Delta, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:34569-34587. [PMID: 38709409 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Nonpoint source pollution (NPSP) has always been the dominant threat to regional waters. Based on empirical models of the revised universal soil loss equation and the phosphorus index, an NPSP risk assessment model denoted as SL-NPSRI was developed. The surface soil pollutant loss was estimated by simulating the rain-runoff topographic process, and the influence of path attenuation was quantified. A case study in the Yellow River Delta and corresponding field surveys of soil pollutants and water quality showed that the established model can be applied to evaluate the spatial heterogeneity of NPSP. NPSP usually occurs during high-intensity rainfall periods and in larger estuaries. Summer rainfall increased pollutant transport into the sea from late July to mid-August and caused estuarine dilution. Higher NPSP risks often correspond to coastal areas with lower vegetation coverage, higher soil erodibility, and higher soil pollutant concentrations. Agricultural NPSP originating from cropland significantly increase the pollutant fluxes. Therefore, area-specific land use management and vegetation coverage improvement, and temporal-specific strategies can be explored for NPSP control during source-transport hydrological processes. This research provides a novel insight for coastal NPSP simulations by comprehensively analyzing the soil erosion process and its associated pollutant loss effects, which can be useful for targeted spatiotemporal solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxiao Wang
- School of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Gaohuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhonghe Zhao
- Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yingjun Sun
- School of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
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Xu W, Liu L, Zhu SJ, Sun AH, Wang H, Ding ZY. Identifying the critical areas and primary sources for agricultural non-point source pollution management of an emigrant town within the Three Gorges reservoir area. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:602. [PMID: 37084027 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural non-point source pollution is threatening water environmental health of the Three Gorges reservoir. However, current studies for precision management of the agricultural non-point source pollution within this area are still limited. The objective of this study was identifying the critical areas and primary sources of agricultural non-point source pollution for precision management. Firstly, the inventory analysis approach was used to estimate the discharge amount of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from farmland fertilizer, crop residues, livestock breeding, and daily activities. Afterwards, the deviation standardization method was applied to evaluate the emission intensity of TN, TP, and COD, as well as calculating the comprehensive pollution index (CPI) of each village, based on which the critical areas for agricultural non-point source pollution management could be distinguished. Moreover, the equivalence pollution load method was conducted to identify the primary pollution sources within each critical zone. The above methods were implemented to an emigrant town within the Three Gorges reservoir area named Gufu. Results showed that agricultural non-point source pollution in Gufu town has been alleviated to a certain extent since 2016. Nevertheless, in four areas of the town (i.e., Longzhu, Fuzi, Shendu, and Maicang), the agricultural non-point source pollution still deserved attention and improvement. For the mentioned critical areas, farmland fertilizer and livestock breeding were the primary sources causing agricultural non-point source pollution. The emission amount of TN and TP from farmland fertilizer accounted for 60% and 48% of the total, respectively. And those from livestock breeding were 29% and 46%. Our research could provide definite targets to relieve agricultural non-point source pollution, which had great significance to protect water environment while coordinating regional economic growth after emigrant resettlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydropower Engineering Construction and Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydropower Engineering Construction and Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Shi-Jiang Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydropower Engineering Construction and Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
| | - Ai-Hua Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydropower Engineering Construction and Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydropower Engineering Construction and Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Ding
- Hubei YILINENG Technology Co., Ltd, Yichang, 443002, China
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