Wetting-consolidation type dust suppressant based on sugarcane bagasse as an environmental material: Preparation, characterization and dust suppression mechanism

Study on preparation and properties of antifreeze compound road dust suppressant

Open-pit mine pavement dust dries and breaks easily. As such, a composite pavement dust suppressant with good wettability, moisturizing, coagulation, and antifreezing properties in winter was investigated. Monomer screening and orthogonal experiments were conducted, using evaporation rate, permeability rate, viscosity, and freezing point as evaluation indexes. Consequently, a dust suppressant solution is a mixture of glycerol (GLY), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), polyacrylamide (PAM), compound propylene glycol (PG), and potassium acetate (PA). The characteristics of the dust suppressant and its interaction mechanism with road dust were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the optimal ratio of the antifreeze-type composite dust suppressant is 3%GLY, 0.30%SDBS, 0.07% PAM, and 50%PG + 10%PA; the contact angle is 27.62°, which can effectively wet coal dust. Moreover, it easily forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules to release free -OH, which increases the oxygen-containing functional groups in the dust. The maximum viscosity is 25.4 mPa·s, and the hydrophobic groups adsorbed on the surface of the dust can condense and agglomerate the dust to form large particles, and effectively inhibit the occurrence of dust. It freezes at - 34.2 ℃, resists a temperature of - 30 ℃ without freezing, and improves dust suppression efficiency and antifreezing effect in cold areas.

Preparation and molecular simulation of an environmentally friendly dust-fixing agent based on chitosan-gelatin

In order to solve the hazard of coal mine dust, a dust-fixing agent (GC-TG-JFC) was prepared with gelatin, chitosan, octadecanol polyoxyethylene ether, and glutamine transaminase. The experimental conditions and the formulation were optimized by response surface method. The ratio of gelatin, chitosan, octadecanol polyoxyethylene ether, and glutamine transaminase was 0.405:0.211:0.095:0.286 and the dilution ratio was 1:30. The results of product performance test showed that the dust fixation rate could reach 99.95% when the wind speed was 9 m/s. The viscosity of the diluted solution was 42.5 mPa·s. The Forcite module in Materials studio software was used to analyze and calculate the radial distribution concentration, diffusion coefficient, and binding energy of the solution. The results showed that GC-TG-JFC migrated more water molecules to the surface of coal through the action of van der Waals force and hydrogen bond. In addition, the binding energy of water molecules increased and the diffusion coefficient decreased, which improved the binding ability of water molecules with coal. It could be found that GC-TG-JFC had good dust fixation performance by combining experiment and molecular dynamics method.

Study on MICP dust suppression technology in open pit coal mine: Preparation and mechanism of microbial dust suppression material

With the recent increases in energy demands, the dust hazards of coal mining caused by transportation, loading and unloading and other processes are becoming increasingly serious. To control dust in open pit coal mines more environmentally friendly and efficiently, and to promote the use and development of non-in situ high-yield urease microorganisms for dust suppression in coal mines, Bacillus pasteurii was selected for dust suppression experiments in this article. Additionally, the growth of microorganisms in the coal dust microenvironment was simulated, and the effect of microbial mineralization products on the calorific value of upper coal dust was further studied. Our findings indicated that Bacillus pasteurii induced dust suppression by forming a calcite precipitate with non-uniform particle size to coal dust cementation. Moreover, after a single spray, the wind erosion resistance efficiency was 84% when the wind speed was set at 10 m/s. The growth of microorganisms and urease activity in the coal dust leachate were largely equal to those in the control group, reaching a peak at approximately 24 h, that the maximum growth quantity of OD₆₀₀ was about 1.5, and the maximum urease activity was 11 mmol·L^-1·min^-1. The difference between the peak heat release rate of mixed coal dust and pure coal was only 4.82 kW/m², which would not affect the value of coal products. Non in-situ Bacillus pasteurii can be growth metabolized normally in the microenvironment of coal dust. Finally, the mechanism of coal dust suppression by mineralization of microbial bacterial solution to form calcium carbonate was described by a reaction equation, which is important for further application and development of microbial dust suppressants.