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Li X, Ren B, Kou X, Hou Y, Buque AL, Gao F. Recent advances and prospects of constructed wetlands in cold climates: a review from 2013 to 2023. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:44691-44716. [PMID: 38965108 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34065-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Constructed wetland (CW), a promising, environmentally responsible, and effective green ecological treatment technology, is actively involved in the treatment of various forms of wastewater. Low temperatures will, however, lead to issues including plant dormancy, decreased microbial activity, and ice formation in CWs, which will influence how well CWs process wastewater. Applying CWs successfully and continuously in cold areas is extremely difficult. Therefore, it is crucial to find solutions for the pressing issue of increasing the CWs' ability to process wastewater at low temperatures. This review focuses on the effect of cold climate on CWs (plants, substrates, microorganisms, removal effect of pollutants). It meticulously outlines current strategies to enhance CWs' performance under low-temperature conditions, including modifications for the improvement and optimization of the internal components (i.e., plant and substrate selection, bio-augmentation) and enhancement of the external operation conditions of CWs (such as process combination, effluent recirculation, aeration, heat preservation, and operation parameter optimization). Finally, future perspectives on potential research directions and technological innovations that could strengthen CWs' performance in cold climates are prospected. This review aims to contribute valuable insights into the operation strategies, widespread implementation, and subsequent study of CWs in colder climate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiming Ren
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaomei Kou
- Shaanxi Union Research Center of University and Enterprise for River and Lake Ecosystems Protection and Restoration, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
- Power China Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjie Hou
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Arsenia Luana Buque
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Gao
- Shaanxi Union Research Center of University and Enterprise for River and Lake Ecosystems Protection and Restoration, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
- Power China Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited, Xi'an, 710065, People's Republic of China
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Wang Q, Peng L, Wang P, Zhou Z, Li C, Chen C, Wang Y. Changes of atrazine dissipation and microbial community under coexistence of graphene oxide in river water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132708. [PMID: 37856959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of herbicide atrazine (ATZ) and the nanomaterial graphene oxide (GO) in natural water bodies will be an inevitable scenario due to their widespread application and consequent release into aquatic ecosystems. But the dissipation of ATZ with GO and the response of the microbial community to their combination are still not clear. Here, we investigated the dissipation dynamics and transformation of ATZ with and without GO in river water after 21-d incubation. In the presence of GO, ATZ residue significantly decreased by 11%-43%; the transformation of ATZ markedly increased by 11%-17% when ATZ concentrations were not above 1.0 mg∙L-1. The direct adsorption of ATZ on GO, mainly via π-π interactions, proton transfer and hydrogen bonding, contributed 54%-68% of the total increased ATZ dissipation by GO. ATZ and ATZ+GO exerted effects of similar magnitude on microbial OTU numbers with an increase of bacterial diversity. The coexisting GO increased the relative abundance of ATZ-degradation bacteria and Chitinophagales, thus improving ATZ transformation. This work indicated that the coexistence of GO at environmentally relevant concentrations can effectively reduce ATZ residues and promote the transformation of ATZ to degradation products in river water; nevertheless, the potential risk of GO acting as an ATZ carrier should be given more prominence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Wang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China.
| | - Lei Peng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Peixin Wang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Zixin Zhou
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Cui Li
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
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Zhang J, Yan Q, Bai G, Guo D, Chi Y, Li B, Yang L, Ren Y. Inducing root redundant development to release oxygen: An efficient natural oxygenation approach for subsurface flow constructed wetland. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117377. [PMID: 37832770 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a limiting factor affecting the purification efficiency of subsurface flow (SSF) constructed wetlands (CWs). To clarify the causes of oxygen environments and the response characteristics of plant oxygen release (POR) in SSF CWs, this study set three oxygen source treatments by limiting atmospheric reaeration (AR) and influent oxygen (IO) and compared the differences in plant physiological metabolism, DO distribution characteristics, and the purification effect of the SSF CWs at different depths. The results showed that limiting exogenous oxygen stimulated root redundancy of the wetland plants. The root volume and proportion of fibrous roots of the wetland plants increased significantly (p < 0.05). When only the POR existed, the root zone DO increased significantly to 2.05-4.37 mg/L (p < 0.05), and was positively correlated with the TN and TP removal rates (p < 0.05). Additionally, in the presence of POR only, the average removal rates of TN and TP in the top layer were 86.5% and 76.9%, respectively. The proportion of fibrous roots, root zone DO, and root-shoot ratio were key factors promoting the purification effect of the SSF CWs under limited exogenous oxygen sources. Enhancing POR by inducing root redundancy enhanced nitrification (hao, pmoABC-amoABC), plant absorption, and assimilation-related functional genes (nrtABC, nifKDH), and enriched nitrogen and phosphorus removal bacteria, such as Flavobacterium and Zoogloea. This consequently improved pollutant removal efficiency. Inducing root redundancy to strengthen POR produced an aerobic environment in the SSF CWs. This ensures the efficient and stable operation of the SSF CW and is an effective approach for natural oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Qiuhui Yan
- Xi'an High-tech Zone CITY CORE Development & Construction Co., Ltd, Xi'an, 710117, China
| | - Ge Bai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Dun Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yanbin Chi
- School of Metallurgical and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Bin Li
- Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province, Botanical Institute of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yongxiang Ren
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
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Paiva PDDO, Silva DPCD, Silva BRD, Sousa IPD, Paiva R, Reis MVD. How Scarification, GA 3 and Graphene Oxide Influence the In Vitro Establishment and Development of Strelitzia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112142. [PMID: 37299121 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The propagation of strelitzia plants can be carried out in vitro as an alternative to combine the aseptic conditions of the culture medium with the use of strategies to promote germination and controlled abiotic conditions. However, this technique is still limited by the prolonged time and low percentage of seed germination, which is the most viable explant source, due to dormancy. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of chemical and physical scarification processes of seeds combined with gibberellic acid (GA3), as well as the effect of graphene oxide in the in vitro cultivation of strelitzia plants. Seeds were subjected to chemical scarification with sulfuric acid for different periods (10 to 60 min) and physical scarification (sandpaper), in addition to a control treatment without scarification. After disinfection, the seeds were inoculated in MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium with 30 g L-1 sucrose, 0.4 g L-1 PVPP (polyvinylpyrrolidone), 2.5 g L-1 Phytagel®, and GA3 at different concentrations. Growth data and antioxidant system responses were measured from the formed seedlings. In another experiment, the seeds were cultivated in vitro in the presence of graphene oxide at different concentrations. The results showed that the highest germination was observed in seeds scarified with sulfuric acid for 30 and 40 min, regardless of the addition of GA3. After 60 days of in vitro cultivation, physical scarification and scarification time with sulfuric acid promoted greater shoot and root length. The highest seedling survival was observed when the seeds were immersed for 30 min (86.66%) and 40 min (80%) in sulfuric acid without GA3. The concentration of 50 mg L-1 graphene oxide favored rhizome growth, while the concentration of 100 mg L-1 favored shoot growth. Regarding the biochemical data, the different concentrations did not influence MDA (Malondialdehyde) levels, but caused fluctuations in antioxidant enzyme activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diogo Pedrosa Correa da Silva
- Departamento de Agricultura, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruna Raphaella da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Israela Pimenta de Sousa
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Renato Paiva
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Michele Valquíria Dos Reis
- Departamento de Agricultura, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, MG, Brazil
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Zhou Z, Li J, Li C, Guo Q, Hou X, Zhao C, Wang Y, Chen C, Wang Q. Effects of Graphene Oxide on the Growth and Photosynthesis of the Emergent Plant Iris pseudacorus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091738. [PMID: 37176796 PMCID: PMC10180715 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The extensive applications of graphene oxide (GO) inevitably lead to entry into the natural aquatic environment. However, information on its toxicity to emergent plants is still lacking. In this study, an emergent plant, Iris pseudacorus, was exposed to GO (1, 20, 80, and 140 mg·L-1) under hydroponic conditions for 15 weeks. Changes in plant growth were assessed by analyzing plant biomass and photosynthetic pigment contents; the photosynthesis response was verified by measuring chlorophyll a fluorescence; and the nutrient levels of the plant were evaluated. Results showed that GO at 20-140 mg·L-1 significantly increased plant dry weight by 37-84% and photosynthetic pigment contents by 26-178%, and 80 mg·L-1 was the optimal concentration. PSII activity, adjustment capacities of electron transport in PSII, the grouping or energetic connectivity between PSII units, light energy conversion efficiency, photosynthesis performance indexes (by 11-51%), and contents of several nutrient elements (N, Fe, and Cu) were increased by 49-69%, 34-84%, and 11-38%, respectively. These findings indicate that GO can enhance plant growth by promoting plant photosynthesis performance and improving plant nutrient levels, and has great application potential in promoting the growth and development of this emergent plant as a phytoremediation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Cui Li
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xincun Hou
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Chunqiao Zhao
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qinghai Wang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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