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Banerjee A. Conceptualization of the comprehensive phyto-radiotoxicity incurred by radiocesium and strategies to expunge the metal using biotechnological and phytoremediative approaches. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108330. [PMID: 38181642 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural pollution with 137Cs is an ecological threat due to its sustained half-life and radioactivity. Release of radiocesium isotopes after major nuclear power plant accidents like the Fukushima Dai-ichi and the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disasters have severely affected the surrounding growth of agricultural crops and vegetables cultivated across extensive areas. Even years after the nuclear accidents, biosafety in these agricultural fields is still questionable. Due to similarity in charge and ionic radius between radiocesium and K+, the radionuclides are promiscuously uptaken via K+ channels expressed in plants. Bioaccumulation of radiocesium reportedly promotes physiological and anatomical anomalies in crops due to radiation and also affects the rhizospheric architecture. Due to radiation hazard, the ecological balance and quality are compromised and ingestion of such contaminated food results in irreversible health hazards. Recently, strategies like exogenous supplementation of K+ or genetic engineering of K+ channels were able to reduce radiocesium bioaccumulation in plants taking the advantage of competition between radiocesium and K+ translocation. Furthermore, bioremediation strategies like phycoremediation, mycoremediation, phytoremediation and rhizofiltration have also showed promising results for removing radiocesium from polluted sites. It has been proposed that these eco-friendly ways can be adopted to de-pollute the contaminated sites prior to subsequent cultivation of crops and vegetables. Hence it is essential to: 1) understand the basic radiotoxic effects of radiocesium on agricultural crops and surrounding vegetation and, 2) design sustainable ameliorative strategies to promote radiocesium tolerance for ensuring food and social security of the affected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Banerjee
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Rallos RV, Dicen GP, Habibi S, Salem D, Ohkama-Ohtsu N, Yokoyama T. Influence of potassium-solubilizing bacteria on the growth and radiocesium phyto-transfer of Brassica rapa L. var. perviridis grown in contaminated Fukushima soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2021; 237:106682. [PMID: 34148005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The supply of K, being the chemical analog of Cs, affects the phytotransfer of radiocesium such as 137Cs from contaminated soils and its accumulation in plant tissues. Since K and Cs have high affinity to the same clay particle surfaces, the presence of potassium-solubilizing bacteria (KSB) could increase the availability of not only K+ in the rhizosphere but also of radiocesium. In this study, we obtained five KSB isolates with the highest solubilization capacities from soybean rhizosphere on modified Aleksandrov medium containing sericite as K source. Based on biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, we identified the bacteria as Bacillus aryabhattai MG774424, Pseudomonas umsongensis MG774425, P. frederiksbergensis MG774426, Burkholderia sabiae MG774427, and P. mandelii MG774428. We evaluated the KSB isolates based on plant growth promotion and 137Cs accumulation in komatsuna (Brassica rapa L. var. Perviridis) grown in three soils collected from Miyanoiri, Takanishi, and Ota contaminated by 137Cs from the Fukushima accident. Inoculation with KSB showed beneficial effects on plant growth and increased the overall plant biomass production (~40%). On the average, KSB inoculation resulted in the removal of 0.07 ± 0.04% of 137Cs from the soil, more than twice the control. But similar to the effect of KSB inoculation on komatsuna biomass production, different KSBs performed variably and exhibited site-specific responses independent of their K-solubilizing capacities, with higher 137Cs phyto-transfer in roots than in shoots. In terms of root transfer factor (TF), values were highest in komatsuna plants grown in Miyanoiri and Ota soils inoculated with P. frederiksbergensis and Burkholderia sabiae, while they were highest in Takanishi soils inoculated with Bacillus aryabhattai and P. umsongensis. These TF values were also much higher than previously reported values for komatsuna grown in 137Cs-contaminated Fukushima soils inoculated with other rhizobacteria. Thus, KSB inoculation significantly enhance not only the growth of komatsuna but 137Cs uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland V Rallos
- Agriculture Research Section, Atomic Research Division, Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (DOST-PNRI), Commonwealth Avenue, Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines; Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-12 8509, Japan.
| | - Gerald P Dicen
- Agriculture Research Section, Atomic Research Division, Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (DOST-PNRI), Commonwealth Avenue, Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Safiullah Habibi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Faculty of Agriculture, Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Djedidi Salem
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-12 8509, Japan
| | - Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-12 8509, Japan; Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-12 8509, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yokoyama
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-12 8509, Japan; The Faculty of Food and Agricultural Science, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa, Fukushima City, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
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