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Kryshev A, Sazykina T. Dynamic model of changes in the trophic structure of an ecosystem affected by chronic radiation exposure. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2024; 276:107444. [PMID: 38723324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The conceptual dynamic ecosystem model was developed to evaluate the self-organization of trophic structure in ecosystems during the course of biogenic succession. This model was applied to analyze the possible changes in the ecosystem under impact of the anthropogenic physical stressor - chronic exposure to ionizing irradiation. The model predicts that amount of the limiting biogenic nutrient in the environment can modify the ecological effects of ionizing radiation. Negative effects of the chronic exposure are less significant in ecosystems with high food supply. The model does not show presence of any ecological effect of radiation at the exposure rates less than the derived consideration reference levels, obtained by International Commission on Radiological Protection for individual nature organisms. If the dose rates are higher than those levels, radiation exposure can affect ecological interactions between species. The model shows that environmental hormesis can exist in the ecosystems, impacted by the chronic radiation exposure. The reason of this effect is change of the ecological coefficients (for example, decrease of the predation rate), which in the certain range of parameters leads to the increase of biomasses of all species at the same amount of the limiting biogenic nutrient in ecosystem. Trigger regimes exist in the model ecosystem with mixed-feeding consumers. Within the trigger area, the realization of a particular trophic structure depends on initial species biomasses. A hysteresis phenomenon exists in such ecosystems, which means that the successive changes in the trophic structures realized following the increase of the influencing factor are not reproduced in the same order if the influencing factor was gradually decreased back to its previous values. The model predicts for this case, that the radioactively contaminated ecosystem does not necessarily return to its initial trophic structure, despite the dose rate decreases to the initial levels.
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Bolsunovsky A, Trofimova E, Zueva A, Miroshnikova K, Dementyev D. The use of the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis to assess the effects of low-dose gamma irradiation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 264:107203. [PMID: 37186983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Responses of cytogenetic and growth endpoints of the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis were studied using the plants collected from non-contaminated control areas of the Yenisei River and exposed to external γ-radiation for 11-13 days in the laboratory. Elodea canadensis was exposed to 0.5-25 mGy/day γ-radiation dose rates from a 137Cs source. The total number of aberrant cells and total root length were more sensitive elodea endpoints to γ-radiation than total shoot length and mitotic index of elodea. Radiation sensitivity of elodea can be compared with the sensitivity of such a Reference Plant as Wild Grass (1-10 mGy/day) recommended by the ICRP. Thus, the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis can be used as a radiation bioindicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bolsunovsky
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
| | - Elena Trofimova
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Zueva
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Ksenia Miroshnikova
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Dmitry Dementyev
- Radioecology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
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Liu Y, Wang J, Zhou Z, Zheng X, Zhao L, Yu A. The degradation, biodegradability and toxicity evaluation of sulfamethazine antibiotics by gamma radiation. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThis study evaluated gamma radiation-enhanced sulfamethazine (SMT) degradation, which belongs to the heterocyclic sulfonamides, in different conditions in aqueous solution. The results showed that gamma irradiation could increase the SMT removal in aqueous solution, and the SMT degradation kinetic follow the modified pseudo-first-order kinetic. The degradation rate was nearly 95% at the absorbed dose of 4 kGy. The removal of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) could be also induced. When the radiation dose was 5 kGy, the removal rates were only about 6.8% and 10.5% for TOC and TN, respectively. Some ions including HCOO−, CH3COO− and SO42− released during SMT degradation were studied. The biodegradability and toxicity of intermediate products of the SMT degradation were also proposed in this experiment. The biodegradability of the SMT can be improved by the intermediate products of SMT degradation at the radiation dose of 1, 2 and 5 kGy. Gamma radiation could be used as a pretreatment technology before the biodegradation process of pharmaceutical waste water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankun Liu
- Municipal Engineering Department, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology (INET), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100124, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- Municipal Engineering Department, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Municipal Engineering Department, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Zhao
- Municipal Engineering Department, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aixin Yu
- Municipal Engineering Department, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People’s Republic of China
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Mothersill CE, Oughton DH, Schofield PN, Abend M, Adam-Guillermin C, Ariyoshi K, Beresford NA, Bonisoli-Alquati A, Cohen J, Dubrova Y, Geras’kin SA, Hevrøy TH, Higley KA, Horemans N, Jha AN, Kapustka LA, Kiang JG, Madas BG, Powathil G, Sarapultseva EI, Seymour CB, Vo NTK, Wood MD. From tangled banks to toxic bunnies; a reflection on the issues involved in developing an ecosystem approach for environmental radiation protection. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 98:1185-1200. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1793022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul N. Schofield
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Abend
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Kentaro Ariyoshi
- Integrated Center for Science and Humanities, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima City, Japan
| | | | | | - Jason Cohen
- Department of Biology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Yuri Dubrova
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | - Kathryn A. Higley
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Nele Horemans
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Awadhesh N. Jha
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | | | - Juliann G. Kiang
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Balázs G. Madas
- Environmental Physics Department, Centre for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gibin Powathil
- Department of Mathematics, Computational Foundry, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | | | - Nguyen T. K. Vo
- Department of Biology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Michael D. Wood
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford, Salford, UK
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Bréchignac F. Neglecting the ecosystemic dimension of life hinders efficient environmental protection from radiation and other hazards. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 98:999-1007. [PMID: 32615848 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1787547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François Bréchignac
- Direction general, Institute for Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) & International Union of Radioecology (IUR), Fontenay aux Roses, France
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Haanes H, Hansen EL, Hevrøy TH, Jensen LK, Gjelsvik R, Jaworska A, Bradshaw C. Realism and usefulness of multispecies experiment designs with regard to application in radioecology: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 718:134485. [PMID: 31839283 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multispecies experiments like microcosms and mesocosms are widely used in many fields of research but not in radioecology. In radioecology, size limitations are important as large experimental volumes involve problems with waste (radionuclides), or shielding, absorption and available space in gamma fields (often within a climate chamber). We have therefore performed a literature review (ISI Web of Science, n = 406) of the design and properties of multispecies effect studies <100 L in size and with three or more mentioned taxa in other research fields to assess their suitability to radioecology. Studies with more mentioned taxa assess structural ecosystem parameters more often than studies with fewer mentioned taxa, while the opposite trend is seen for indirect effects/interactions. Studies of indirect effects benefit from more replicates and longer experiments. Almost all studies assess some ecosystem level parameter but only a quarter take a holistic approach assessing both structural and functional as well as indirect effects. We find that most cosms are custom-made systems, rather than standardised designs. Unmanipulated cosms consist of excised portions of the natural environment with a higher number of mentioned taxa, high ecological complexity and high realism, but have a relatively low replicability. In contrast, standardised cosms with fewer mentioned taxa have less ecological complexity but much higher replicability. This literature review shows that smaller cosm sizes have similar ecological complexity (e.g. number of taxa and trophic levels) and experimental duration as larger sized cosms, allowing for ecologically-relevant investigations, despite their small size. We encourage multispecies radioecology studies, preferably with environmental relevant doses and sufficient detail on dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallvard Haanes
- Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, P.O. Box 329 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
| | - Elisabeth Lindbo Hansen
- Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, P.O. Box 329 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
| | - Tanya Helena Hevrøy
- Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, P.O. Box 329 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
| | - Louise Kiel Jensen
- Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway; Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, The Fram Centre, P.O. Box 6606 Langnes, 9296 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Runhild Gjelsvik
- Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, P.O. Box 329 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
| | - Alicja Jaworska
- Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, P.O. Box 329 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
| | - Clare Bradshaw
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Pradhan B, Baral S, Patra S, Behera C, Nayak R, MubarakAli D, Jena M. Delineation of gamma irradiation (60Co) induced oxidative stress by decrypting antioxidants and biochemical responses of microalga, Chlorella sp. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Xie L, Solhaug KA, Song Y, Brede DA, Lind OC, Salbu B, Tollefsen KE. Modes of action and adverse effects of gamma radiation in an aquatic macrophyte Lemna minor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 680:23-34. [PMID: 31085442 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High dose rates of ionizing radiation have been reported to cause adverse effects such as reduction in reproduction and growth, and damage to protein and lipids in primary producers. However, the relevant effects of ionizing radiation are still poorly understood in aquatic plants. This study was intended to characterize the biological effects and modes of action (MoAs) of ionizing radiation using gamma radiation as the prototypical stressor and duckweed Lemna minor as a model organism. Lemna minor was exposed to 1, 14, 24, 46, 70 mGy/h gamma radiation dose rates from a cobalt-60 source for 7 days following the testing principles of the OECD test guideline 221. A suite of bioassays was applied to assess the biological effects of gamma radiation at multiple levels of biological organization, including detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress responses (total glutathione, tGSH; lipid peroxidation, LPO), DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunctions (mitochondrial membrane potential, MMP), photosynthetic parameters (chlorophyll a, chl a; chlorophyll b, chl b; carotenoids; Photosystem II (PSII) performance; CO2 uptake), intercellular signaling (Ca2+ release) and growth. Gamma radiation increased DNA damage, tGSH level and Ca2+ content together with reduction in chlorophyll content, maximal PSII efficiency and CO2 uptake at dose rates between 1 and 14 mGy/h, whereas increases in cellular ROS and LPO, inhibition of MMP and growth were observed at higher dose rates (≥24 mGy/h). A network of toxicity pathways was proposed to portray the causal relationships between gamma radiation-induced physiological responses and adverse outcomes to support the development of Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) for ionizing radiation-mediated effects in primary producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xie
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Post box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway.
| | - Knut Asbjørn Solhaug
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Post box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - You Song
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Post box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Dag Anders Brede
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Post box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lind
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Post box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Brit Salbu
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Post box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Post box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway.
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