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Han NR, Park HJ, Ko SG, Moon PD. The Protective Effect of a Functional Food Consisting of Astragalus membranaceus, Trichosanthes kirilowii, and Angelica gigas or Its Active Component Formononetin against Inflammatory Skin Disorders through Suppression of TSLP via MDM2/HIF1α Signaling Pathways. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020276. [PMID: 36673369 PMCID: PMC9858287 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
An herbal mixture (SH003) of Astragalus membranaceus, Trichosanthes kirilowii, and Angelica gigas exhibits therapeutic effects on carcinomas and immunosuppression. However, the role of JRP-SNF102, which is an advanced mixture of SH003, in regulating inflammatory responses is unexplored. We aim to substantiate the therapeutic potential of JRP-SNF102 and its active component, formononetin (FMN), as a functional food that moderates inflammatory responses. The inhibitory effects of JRP-SNF102 or FMN on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) levels were evaluated in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus A23187-activated human mast cell line-1 (HMC-1) cells and a mouse model of PMA-induced ear edema. The JRP-SNF102 or FMN inhibited the secretion and mRNA expression of TSLP and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the activated HMC-1 cells. The expression levels of murine double minute 2 (MDM2), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), and NF-κB were also suppressed by JRP-SNF102 or FMN in the activated HMC-1 cells. The JRP-SNF102 or FMN inhibited TSLP and VEGF levels, attenuating redness and ear thickness in mice with acute ear edema; JRP-SNF102 or FMN reduced the expression levels of MDM2, HIF1α, and NF-κB in the ear tissues. These findings suggest the potential for JRP-SNF102 as a functional food in the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders through suppression of TSLP and VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ra Han
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Department of Anatomy & Information Sciences, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil-Dong Moon
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Han NR, Kim KC, Kim JS, Ko SG, Park HJ, Moon PD. The immune-enhancing effects of a mixture of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, Angelica gigas Nakai, and Trichosanthes Kirilowii (Maxim.) or its active constituent nodakenin. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114893. [PMID: 34875347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A mixture (SH003) of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, Angelica gigas Nakai, and Trichosanthes Kirilowii (Maxim.) has beneficial effects against several carcinomas. There have been few reports on an immune-enhancing activity of SH003 and its active constituent nodakenin. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed at identifying the immune-enhancing effect of SH003 and nodakenin. MATERIALS AND METHODS The immune-enhancing effect was evaluated using RAW264.7 macrophages, mouse primary splenocytes, and a cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunosuppression murine model. RESULTS The results show that SH003 or nodakenin stimulated the production levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, IL-12, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and nitric oxide (NO) and the expression levels of iNOS in RAW264.7 macrophages. SH003 or nodakenin also enhanced NF-κB p65 activation in RAW264.7 macrophages. SH003 or nodakenin stimulated the production levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-2, TNF-α, and NO and the expression levels of iNOS in splenocytes. SH003 or nodakenin increased the splenic lymphocyte proliferation and splenic NK cell activity. In addition, SH003 or nodakenin increased the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum and spleen of CP-treated mice, alleviating CP-induced immunosuppression. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results of this study show that SH003 improved immunosuppression through the activation of macrophages, splenocytes, and NK cells. These findings suggest that SH003 could be applied as a potential immunostimulatory agent for a variety of diseases caused or exacerbated by immunodeficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ra Han
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyeoung-Cheol Kim
- Majors in Plant Resource and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju-Sung Kim
- Majors in Plant Resource and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Department of Anatomy & Information Sciences, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Phil-Dong Moon
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Comparative Analysis of Carbohydrates, Nucleosides and Amino Acids in Different Parts of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. by (Ultra) High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Evaporative Light Scattering Detector Methods. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071440. [PMID: 30979080 PMCID: PMC6479868 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. is one of the original plants for traditional Chinese medicines Trichosanthis Fructus, Trichosanthis Semen, Trichosanthis Pericarpium and Trichosanthis Radix. Amino acids, nucleosides and carbohydrates are usually considered to have nutritional value and health-care efficacy. In this study, methods involving high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD), UV-visible spectrophotometry and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) were established for quantifying carbohydrates (fructose, glucose, stachyose, raffinose and polysaccharide), fourteen nucleosides and twenty one amino acids. Moreover, sixty-three samples from nine different parts, including pericarp, seed, fruit pulp, stem, leaf, main root, main root bark, lateral root and lateral root bark of T. kirilowii from different cultivated varieties were examined. The established methods were validated with good linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, and recovery. The results showed that the average content of total amino acids in roots (15.39 mg/g) and root barks (16.38 mg/g) were relatively higher than for others. Contents of nucleosides in all parts of T. kirilowii were below 1.5 mg/g. For carbohydrates, fruit pulp has a higher content than others for glucose (22.91%), fructose (20.63%) and polysaccharides (27.29%). By using partial least-squared discriminate analysis (PLS-DA), Variable importance in the projection (VIP) plots and analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis, the characteristic components of the different organs (fruit, stems and leaves, roots) were found. This analysis suggested there were potential medicinal and nutritive health care values in various parts of the T. kirilowii, which provided valuable information for the development and utilization of T. kirilowii.
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Cheng X, Zhang X, Liu P, Xia LY, Jiang YW, Gao G, Wang HY, Li YH, Ma N, Ran HH, Wu FG. Sequential Treatment of Cell Cycle Regulator and Nanoradiosensitizer Achieves Enhanced Radiotherapeutic Outcome. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2050-2059. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Shen W, Zhao Y, Chen H, Zhang T, Wu S, Liu P. M3, a natural lignan xyloside, exhibits potent anticancer activity in HCT116 cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:2117-2122. [PMID: 30675278 PMCID: PMC6341843 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4-O-(2',3',4'-tri-O-methyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl) diphyllin (M3) is a cytotoxic compound that was first isolated from the aerial parts of Phyllanthus taxodiifolius. The current study demonstrated that M3, a lignan xyloside, exhibits anticancer effects in a number of cancer cell lines by MTT test, including HCT116 cells. An association was identified between M3 treatment and the reduced proliferation of cancer cells; the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of M3 ranged from 0.08 to 1.12 µM. Furthermore, M3 was revealed to exhibit a stronger antiproliferative effect by Annexin-V-FLUOS test compared with VP-16, another natural lignan used in cancer treatment. Notably, the IC50 value of M3 with MTT test in HCT116 cells was 0.08 µM. In addition, it was revealed that M3 could induce apoptosis in HCT116 cells in a caspase-3-dependent manner at a lower concentration compared with VP-16. Further analysis identified that the antiproliferation effect of M3 was associated with the promotion of microtubule depolymerization by CytoDYNAMIX Screen 03 Tubulin Polymerization assay. In summary, the current study demonstrated that M3 could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in HCT116 cells, which supports a potential therapeutic application of M3 in cancer treatment, particularly in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Haijiao Chen
- Department of Center Laboratory, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Center Laboratory, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Shenbao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yiwu Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
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Weng IT, Lin YA, Chen GY, Chiang HM, Liu YJ, Chen CJ, Lan YH, Lee CL. (-)-β-Homoarginine anhydride, a new antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor, and further active components from Trichosanthes truncata. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:2262-2268. [PMID: 30580588 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1531404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
One new amino acid derivative, (-)-β-homoarginine anhydride 1, as well as nine known compounds were isolated from Trichosanthes truncata. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Among them, compounds 5 and 11 could notably dose-dependently inhibit ROS productions in HaCaT keratinocyte cells without cytotoxicity in the concentration range of 0.2-20 μM. In cell-free mushroom tyrosinase assay, compounds 1-5, 10 and 11 had more potential anti-tyrosinase activities with IC50 values of 106.9-255.6 μM than arbutin that were similar to predicted values of binding affinity calculated by molecule docking. The most active 2 had hydrogen bonds (Ser77, Glu309, Phe454) and electrostatic charges (Glu309, Glu248) interactions with mushroom tyrosinase, respectively. Our data manifested that T. truncata and its components are potentially to be developed as anti-aging and whitening agents for skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ting Weng
- Ph.D Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-An Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chiang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jung Liu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Lee
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chi X, Su P, Bi D, Tai Z, Li Y, Pang Y, Li Q. Lamprey immune protein-1 (LIP-1) from Lampetra japonica induces cell cycle arrest and cell death in HeLa cells. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 75:295-300. [PMID: 29410138 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The lamprey (Lampetra japonica), a representative of the jawless vertebrates, is the oldest extant species in the world. LIP-1, which has a jacalin-like domain and an aerolysin pore-forming domain, has previously been identified in Lampetra japonica. However, the structure and function of the LIP-1 protein have not been described. In this study, the LIP-1 gene was overexpressed in HeLa cells and H293T cells. The results showed that the overexpression of LIP-1 in HeLa cells significantly elevated LDH release (P < 0.05), phosphatidylserine exposure and ROS accumulation. The overexpression of LIP-1 also had remarkable effects on the organelles in HeLa cells, while it had no effect on H293T cell organelles. Array data indicated that overexpression of LIP-1 primarily upregulated P53 signaling pathways in HeLa cells. Cell cycle assay results confirmed that LIP-1 caused arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle in HeLa cells. In summary, our findings provide insights into the function and characterization of LIP-1 genes in vertebrates and establish the foundation for further research into the biological function of LIP-1. Our observations suggest that this lamprey protein has the potential for use in new applications in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Chi
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Peng Su
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Dan Bi
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Zhao Tai
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Yingying Li
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Yue Pang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
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8
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SH003 reverses drug resistance by blocking signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in breast cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170125. [PMID: 28864784 PMCID: PMC5686394 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Overcoming drug resistance is an important task for investigators and clinician to achieve successful chemotherapy in cancer patients. Drug resistance is caused by various factors, including the overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp, MDR1). The development of new, useful compounds that overcome drug resistance is urgent. SH003 is extracted from the mixture of three different herbs, and its anticancer effect has been revealed in different cancer cell types. In the present study, we investigated whether SH003 is able to reverse drug resistance using paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer cells (MCF-7/PAC). In our experiments, SH003 significantly decreased cell growth and colony formation in MCF-7/PAC cells and parental MCF-7 cells. This growth inhibition was related to the accumulation of cells in the sub-G0/G1 apoptotic population and an increase in the number of apoptotic cells. SH003 reduced the mRNA expression of multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) in MCF-7/PAC cells. SH003 also down-regulated the expression of P-gp. SH003 reversed drug efflux from MCF-7/PAC cells, resulting in rhodamine123 (Rho123) accumulation. Inhibition of drug resistance by SH003 is related to the suppression of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. SH003 decreased STAT3 activation (p-STAT3) and its nuclear translocation and inhibited the secretion of VEGF and MMP-2, which are STAT3 target genes. An STAT3 inhibitor, JAK inhibitor I and an HIF-1α inhibitor decreased cell growth in MCF-7 and MCF-7/PAC cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that SH003 can overcome drug resistance, and SH003 might be helpful for chemotherapy in cancer patients.
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Joo JH, Hong IK, Kim NK, Choi E. Trichosanthes kirilowii extract enhances repair of UVB radiation‑induced DNA damage by regulating BMAL1 and miR‑142‑3p in human keratinocytes. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:877-883. [PMID: 29115465 PMCID: PMC5780168 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation induces DNA damage, oxidative stress and inflammation, and suppresses the immune system in the skin, which collectively contribute to skin aging and carcinogenesis. The DNA damage response, including DNA repair, can be regulated by the circadian clock and microRNA (miRNA) expression. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reparative action of Trichosanthes kirilowii extract (TKE) against UVB irradiation-induced DNA damage in human keratinocytes. TKE demonstrated low cytotoxicity in normal HaCaT keratinocytes at low doses (up to 100 µg/ml). The results of a comet assay revealed that TKE enhanced the repair of UVB-induced DNA damage. TKE significantly upregulated the expression of the core clock protein, brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein-1 (BMAL1), and downregulated the expression of miRNA (miR)-142-3p, as demonstrated using western blotting and the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the suppression of miR-142-3p by a specific inhibitor positively correlated with the repair activity. Overall, the data obtained demonstrated that TKE enhanced the repair of UVB-induced DNA damage by regulating the expression of BMAL1 and miR-142-3p. Consequently, TKE can be considered a potential candidate for the treatment of skin diseases associated with UVB-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Joo
- Research and Development Center, Greensolutions Co., Ltd., Chuncheon, Gangwon 24232, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kee Hong
- Research and Development Center, Radiant Co., Ltd., Chuncheon, Gangwon 24398, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Kyoung Kim
- Research and Development Center, Greensolutions Co., Ltd., Chuncheon, Gangwon 24232, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Choi
- Research and Development Center, Greensolutions Co., Ltd., Chuncheon, Gangwon 24232, Republic of Korea
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Lee KM, Lee K, Choi YK, Choi YJ, Seo HS, Ko SG. SH003‑induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest induces apoptosis in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8237-8244. [PMID: 28944910 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a prevalent disease that may lead to mortality in women. In spite of the development of common therapeutic agents to treat cancer, there are several limitations of their use owing to side effects and drug resistance, which may induce cancer recurrence. The anticancer effects of the new herbal mixture SH003 (comprising Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica gigas and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz) have been examined in various types of cancer. Thus, the present study hypothesized that SH003 may be an effective treatment for cervical cancer. SH003 treatment inhibited the growth of HeLa cells, whereas it did not affect the growth of rat intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, SH003 treatment increased the expression of apoptosis‑related proteins and promoted apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells. SH003 treatment also led to G1 phase arrest in HeLa cells. Furthermore, SH003 treatment induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, ROS production did not appear to be related to SH003‑mediated apoptosis. Results from the present study indicated that the SH003‑induced inhibition of HeLa cell growth may be mediated through G1 phase arrest and extrinsic apoptosis, suggested that SH003 may be a potential treatment for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Min Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangwook Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Kyung Choi
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research & Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jeong Choi
- Department of Cancer Preventive Material Development, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Seo
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
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Castro LSEPW, Kviecinski MR, Ourique F, Parisotto EB, Grinevicius VMAS, Correia JFG, Wilhelm Filho D, Pedrosa RC. Albendazole as a promising molecule for tumor control. Redox Biol 2016; 10:90-99. [PMID: 27710854 PMCID: PMC5053114 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work evaluated the antitumor effects of albendazole (ABZ) and its relationship with modulation of oxidative stress and induction of DNA damage. The present results showed that ABZ causes oxidative cleavage on calf-thymus DNA suggesting that this compound can break DNA. ABZ treatment decreased MCF-7 cell viability (EC50=44.9 for 24h) and inhibited MCF-7 colony formation (~67.5% at 5μM). Intracellular ROS levels increased with ABZ treatment (~123%). The antioxidant NAC is able to revert the cytotoxic effects, ROS generation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential of MCF-7 cells treated with ABZ. Ehrlich carcinoma growth was inhibited (~32%) and survival time was elongated (~50%) in animals treated with ABZ. Oxidative biomarkers (TBARS and protein carbonyl levels) and activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD and GR) increased, and reduced glutathione (GSH) was depleted in animals treated with ABZ, indicating an oxidative stress condition, leading to a DNA damage causing phosphorylation of histone H2A variant, H2AX, and triggering apoptosis signaling, which was confirmed by increasing Bax/Bcl-xL rate, p53 and Bax expression. We propose that ABZ induces oxidative stress promoting DNA fragmentation and triggering apoptosis and inducing cell death, making this drug a promising leader molecule for development of new antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S E P W Castro
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - M R Kviecinski
- Postgraduate Programe of Health Science, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - F Ourique
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - E B Parisotto
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - V M A S Grinevicius
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - J F G Correia
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - D Wilhelm Filho
- Departament of Ecology and Zoology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - R C Pedrosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Choi EK, Kim SM, Hong SW, Moon JH, Shin JS, Kim JH, Hwang IY, Jung SA, Lee DH, Lee EY, Lee S, Kim H, Kim D, Kim YS, Choi YK, Kim HI, Choi HS, Cho SG, Kim JE, Kim KP, Hong YS, Lee WK, Lee JS, Kim TW, Ko SG, Jin DH. SH003 selectively induces p73‑dependent apoptosis in triple‑negative breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3955-60. [PMID: 27599791 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer subtype that has an aggressive phenotype, is highly metastatic, has limited treatment options and is associated with a poor prognosis. In addition, metastatic TNBC has no preferred standard chemotherapy due to resistance to anthracyclines and taxanes. The present study demonstrated that a herbal extract, SH003, reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in TNBC without cell cytotoxicity. Cell viability was examined using trypan blue exclusion and colony formation assays, which revealed a decrease in the cell viability. Additionally, apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry and a sub‑G1 assay, which revealed an increase in the proportion of cells in the sub‑G1 phase. The present study investigated the anticancer effect of SH003 in the Hs578T, MDA‑MB‑231 and ZR‑751 TNBC cell lines, and in the MCF7 and T47D non‑TNBC cell lines. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression levels of poly‑ADP‑ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage protein in cells treated with SH003 were increased dose‑dependent manner, indicating that SH003 induced apoptosis via a caspase‑dependent pathway. Pre‑treatment with the caspase inhibitor Z‑VAD reduced SH003‑induced apoptosis was examined using trypan blue exclusion. Moreover, SH003 treatment enhanced the p73 levels in MDA‑MB‑231 cells but not in MCF7 cells. Transfection of p73 small interfering RNA (siRNA) in MDA‑MB0231 cells revealed that the apoptotic cell death induced by SH003 was significantly impaired in comparison with scramble siRNA transfected MDA‑MB‑231 cells. This was examined using trypan blue exclusion and flow cytometry analysis (sub‑G1). In addition, SH003 and paclitaxel exhibited synergistic anticancer effects on TNBC cells. The results indicate that SH003 exerts its anticancer effect via p73 protein induction and exhibits synergistic anticancer effects when combined with paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyoung Choi
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Mi Kim
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Hong
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai-Hee Moon
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Shin
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Kim
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Ih-Yeon Hwang
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-A Jung
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hee Lee
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Lee
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Pusan 614‑735, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Seok Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Pusan 614‑735, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Kyung Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo In Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Sim Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gook Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Pyo Kim
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sang Hong
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Keun Lee
- Division of Biosciences and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Youngin, Kyunggi‑Do 449‑728, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Shin Lee
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Kim
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Jin
- Innovative Cancer Research, ASAN Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138‑736, Republic of Korea
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Choi YK, Cho SG, Choi YJ, Yun YJ, Lee KM, Lee K, Yoo HH, Shin YC, Ko SG. SH003 suppresses breast cancer growth by accumulating p62 in autolysosomes. Oncotarget 2016; 8:88386-88400. [PMID: 29179443 PMCID: PMC5687613 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug markets revisits herbal medicines, as historical usages address their therapeutic efficacies with less adverse effects. Moreover, herbal medicines save both cost and time in development. SH003, a modified version of traditional herbal medicine extracted from Astragalus membranaceus (Am), Angelica gigas (Ag), and Trichosanthes Kirilowii Maximowicz (Tk) with 1:1:1 ratio (w/w) has been revealed to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis on highly metastatic breast cancer cells, both in vivo and in vitro with no toxicity. Meanwhile, autophagy is imperative for maintenance cellular homeostasis, thereby playing critical roles in cancer progression. Inhibition of autophagy by pharmacological agents induces apoptotic cell death in cancer cells, resulting in cancer treatment. In this study, we demonstrate that SH003-induced autophagy via inhibiting STAT3 and mTOR results in an induction of lysosomal p62/SQSTM1 accumulation-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and attenuates tumor growth. SH003 induced autophagosome and autolysosome formation by inhibiting activation of STAT3- and mTOR-mediated signaling pathways. However, SH003 blocked autophagy-mediated p62/SQSTM1 degradation through reducing of lysosomal proteases, Cathepsins, resulting in accumulation of p62/SQSTM1 in the lysosome. The accumulation of p62/SQSTM1 caused the increase of ROS, which resulted in the induction of apoptotic cell death. Therefore, we conclude that SH003 suppresses breast cancer growth by inducing autophagy. In addition, SH003-induced p62/SQSTM1 could function as an important mediator for ROS generation-dependent cell death suggesting that SH003 may be useful for treating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Kyung Choi
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research and Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Jeju, 695-975, Korea
| | - Sung-Gook Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungbuk, 368-701, Korea
| | - Yu-Jeong Choi
- Department of Cancer Preventive Material Development, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Yee Jin Yun
- Department of Cancer Preventive Material Development, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Kang Min Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Kangwook Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Hye-Hyun Yoo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and Collage of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Gyonggi, 426-791, Korea
| | - Yong Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
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Xu KD, Chang YX, Zhang J, Wang PL, Wu JX, Li YY, Wang XW, Wang W, Liu K, Zhang Y, Yu DS, Liao LB, Li Y, Ma SY, Tan GX, Li CW. A lower pH value benefits regeneration of Trichosanthes kirilowii by somatic embryogenesis, involving rhizoid tubers (RTBs), a novel structure. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8823. [PMID: 25744384 PMCID: PMC4351558 DOI: 10.1038/srep08823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A new approach was established for the regeneration of Trichosanthes kirilowii from root, stem, and leaf explants by somatic embryogenesis (SE), involving a previously unreported SE structure, rhizoid tubers (RTBs). During SE, special rhizoids were first induced from root, stem, and leaf explants with average rhizoid numbers of 62.33, 40.17, and 11.53 per explant, respectively, on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (pH 4.0) supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) under dark conditions. Further, one RTB was formed from each of the rhizoids on MS medium (pH 4.0) supplemented with 20 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ) under light conditions. In the suitable range (pH 4.0-9.0), a lower pH value increased the induction of rhizoids and RTBs. Approximately 37.77, 33.47, and 31.07% of in vivo RTBs from root, stem, and leaf explants, respectively, spontaneously developed into multiple plantlets on the same MS medium (supplemented with 20 mg/L TDZ) for induction of RTBs, whereas >95.00% of in vitro RTBs from each kind of explant developed into multiple plantlets on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Morphological and histological analyses revealed that RTB is a novel type of SE structure that develops from the cortex cells of rhizoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-dong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-xia Chang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-long Wang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-xin Wu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-yan Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-wen Wang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - De-shui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-bing Liao
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-ya Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-xuan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, East Wenchang Street, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
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15
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Zhao C, Zhang N, Chen B, Song Y, Zhu N, Zhao L, Liu C, Meng X. A rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantification of 3,29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol in rat plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 29:1229-34. [PMID: 25611485 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Zhao
- Gastrointestinal Medicine; the First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun 130021 China
- Department of Orthopedics; the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College; Chengde 067000 China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Emergency Department; the First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun 130021 China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics; the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College; Chengde 067000 China
| | - Youxin Song
- Department of Orthopedics; the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College; Chengde 067000 China
| | - Naiqiang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics; the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College; Chengde 067000 China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics; the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College; Chengde 067000 China
| | - Changjian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics; the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University; Dalian 116011 China
| | - Xiangwei Meng
- Gastrointestinal Medicine; the First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun 130021 China
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16
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Herbal extract SH003 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by inhibiting STAT3-IL-6 signaling. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:492173. [PMID: 24976685 PMCID: PMC4058205 DOI: 10.1155/2014/492173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer inflammation promotes cancer progression, resulting in a high risk of cancer. Here, we demonstrate that our new herbal extract, SH003, suppresses both tumor growth and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via inhibiting STAT3-IL-6 signaling path. Our new herbal formula, SH003, mixed extract from Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica gigas, and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz, suppressed MDA-MB-231 tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo and reduced the viability and metastatic abilities of MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. Furthermore, SH003 inhibited STAT3 activation, which resulted in a reduction of IL-6 production. Therefore, we conclude that SH003 suppresses highly metastatic breast cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting STAT3-IL-6 signaling path.
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17
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Yan R, Yang Y, Zou G. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects ofLindera strychnifolialeaf essential oil. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2013.840811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Woo SM, Choi YK, Cho SG, Park S, Ko SG. A New Herbal Formula, KSG-002, Suppresses Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Targeting NF- κ B-Dependent TNF α Production in Macrophages. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:728258. [PMID: 23818931 PMCID: PMC3683439 DOI: 10.1155/2013/728258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in tumor microenvironment regulate cancer progression and metastases. In breast cancer, macrophage infiltration is correlated with a poor prognosis. While metastatic breast cancer is poor prognostic with a severe mortality, therapeutic options are still limited. In this study, we demonstrate that KSG-002, a new herbal composition of radices Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica gigas, suppresses breast cancer via inhibiting TAM recruitment. KSG-002, an extract of radices Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica gigas at 3 : 1 ratio, respectively, inhibited MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis in nude mice, while KSG-001, another composition (1 : 1 ratio, w/w), enhanced tumor growth, angiogenesis, and pulmonary metastasis, in vivo. KSG-002 further decreased the infiltrated macrophage numbers in xenograft tumor cohorts. In Raw264.7 cells, KSG-002 but not KSG-001 inhibited cell proliferation and migration and reduced TNF-alpha (TNF α ) production by inhibiting NF- κ B pathway. Furthermore, a combinatorial treatment of KSG-002 with TNF α inhibited a proliferation and migration of both MDA-MB-231 and Raw264.7 cells. Taken together, we conclude that KSG-002 suppresses breast cancer growth and metastasis through targeting NF- κ B-mediated TNF α production in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Mi Woo
- Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Kyung Choi
- Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gook Cho
- Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunju Park
- Center for Clinical Research and Genomics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Pharmacogenomics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
- Center for Clinical Research and Genomics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Shi K, Jiang Q, Li Z, Shan L, Li F, An J, Yang Y, Xu C. Sodium selenite alters microtubule assembly and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. J Hematol Oncol 2013; 6:7. [PMID: 23327530 PMCID: PMC3561191 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-6-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies demonstrated that selenite induced cancer-cell apoptosis through multiple mechanisms; however, effects of selenite on microtubules in leukemic cells have not been demonstrated. Methods The toxic effect of selenite on leukemic HL60 cells was performed with cell counting kit 8. Selenite effects on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction were determined by flow cytometry. The contents of cyclin B1, Mcl-1, AIF, cytochrome C, insoluble and soluble tubulins were detected with western blotting. Microtubules were visualized with indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. The interaction between CDK1 and Mcl-1 was assessed with immunoprecipitation. Decreasing Mcl-1 and cyclin B1 expression were carried out through siRNA interference. The alterations of Mcl-1 and cyclin B1 in animal model were detected with either immunohistochemical staining or western blotting. In situ detection of apoptotic ratio was performed with TUNEL assay. Results Our current results showed that selenite inhibited the growth of HL60 cells and induced mitochondrial-related apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that microtubule assembly in HL60 cells was altered, those cells were arrested at G2/M phase, and Cyclin B1 was up-regulated and interacted with CDK1, which led to down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1. Finally, in vivo experiments confirmed the in vitro microtubule disruption effect and alterations in Cyclin B1 and Mcl-1 levels by selenite. Conclusions Taken together, the results from our study indicate that microtubules are novel targets of selenite in leukemic HL60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100005, China
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Sohn SH, Yoon M, Kim J, Choi HL, Shin M, Hong M, Bae H. Screening herbal medicines for the recovery of alpha-synuclein-induced Parkinson’s disease model of yeast. Mol Cell Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-012-0042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Xu Y, Ching YP, Zhou Y, Chiu JF, Chen F, He QY. Multiple pathways were involved in tubeimoside-1-induced cytotoxicity of HeLa cells. J Proteomics 2011; 75:491-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Ma X, Chang PR, Zheng P, Yu J, Ma X. Characterization of new starches separated from several traditional Chinese medicines. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Dat NT, Jin X, Hong YS, Lee JJ. An isoaurone and other constituents from Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:1167-1169. [PMID: 20469887 DOI: 10.1021/np900820p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB have become important targets in cancer treatment due to their critical role in the regulation of genes involved in tumorigenesis. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds led to the isolation of a naturally rare isoaurone, 4',6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoaurone (1), together with three known compounds, cucurbitacin B (2), 6-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxystyryl)-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (3), and blumenol A (4). All compounds inhibited HIF-1 and NF-kappaB activities in reporter assays. Compounds 1-3 potently inhibited HIF-1alpha accumulation and VEGF secretion under hypoxic condition. These results suggest that the tumor cell growth inhibitory activity of T. kirilowii is likely associated with the inhibition of HIF-1 and NF-kappaB activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Tien Dat
- Center for Molecular Cancer Research, Korean Research Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology, 685-1 Ochang, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
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