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El Jemli M, Ezzat SM, Kharbach M, Mostafa ES, Radwan RA, El Jemli Y, El-Guourrami O, Ahid S, Cherrah Y, Zayed A, Alaoui K. Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive metabolites among three Moroccan Juniperus leaves extract supported with in vitro enzyme inhibitory assays. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118285. [PMID: 38703873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herbs of the genus Juniperus (family Cupressaceae) have been commonly used in ancestral folk medicine known as "Al'Araar" for treatment of rheumatism, diabetes, inflammation, pain, and fever. Bioassay-guided isolation of bioactives from medicinal plants is recognized as a potential approach for the discovery of novel drug candidates. In particular, non-addictive painkillers are of special interest among herbal phytochemicals. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aimed to assess the safety of J. thurifera, J. phoenicea, and J. oxycedrus aqueous extracts in oral treatments; validating the traditionally reported anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Further phytochemical investigations, especially for the most bioactive species, may lead to isolation of bioactive metabolites responsible for such bioactivities supported with in vitro enzyme inhibition assays. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, the acute toxicity study was investigated following the OECD Guidelines. Then, the antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory bioactivities were evaluated based on chemical and mechanical trauma assays and investigated their underlying mechanisms. The most active J. thurifera n-butanol fraction was subjected to chromatographic studies for isolating the major anti-inflammatory metabolites. Moreover, several enzymatic inhibition assays (e.g., 5-lipoxygenase, protease, elastase, collagenase, and tyrosinase) were assessed for the crude extracts and isolated compounds. RESULTS The results showed that acute oral administration of the extracts (300-500 mg/kg, p. o.) inhibited both mechanically and chemically triggered inflammatory edema in mice (up to 70% in case of J. thurifera) with a dose-dependent antinociceptive (tail flick) and anti-inflammatory pain (formalin assay) activities. This effect was partially mediated by naloxone inhibition of the opioid receptor (2 mg/kg, i. p.). In addition, 3-methoxy gallic acid (1), quercetin (2), kaempferol (3), and ellagic acid (4) were successfully identified being involved most likely in J. thurifera extract bioactivities. Nevertheless, quercetin was found to be the most potent against 5-LOX, tyrosinase, and protease with IC50 of 1.52 ± 0.01, 192.90 ± 6.20, and 399 ± 9.05 μM, respectively. CONCLUSION J. thurifera extract with its major metabolites are prospective drug candidates for inflammatory pain supported with inhibition of inflammatory enzymes. Interestingly, antagonism of opioid and non-opioid receptors is potentially involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem El Jemli
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco; Faculty of Pharmacy, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Shahira M Ezzat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt; Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th October 12451, Egypt.
| | - Mourad Kharbach
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco; Circular Economy/Sustainable Solutions, LAB University of Applied Sciences, Mukkulankatu 19, 15101 Lahti, Finland
| | - Eman Sherien Mostafa
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th October 12451, Egypt
| | - Rasha Ali Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Biotechnology, German International University (GIU), Regional Ring Road, East Cairo, New Administrative Capital, Egypt
| | | | - Otman El-Guourrami
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samir Ahid
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco; Faculty of Pharmacy, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Yahia Cherrah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, El Guish Street, Medical Campus, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Katim Alaoui
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
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Yang Y, Lin H, Fu X. Fermentation of Pyropia spp. seaweed: a comprehensive review on processing conditions, biological activities and potential applications in the food industry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39225599 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2400233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Pyropia spp. seaweeds are delicious and nutritious red algae widely consumed for a long history. However, due to the non-digestibility of cell wall components by the human intestinal tract, the bioaccessibility of the intracellular bioactive compounds is low. The current industrial processing of Pyropia spp. food by drying and roasting cannot break down the cell wall; however, studies indicate that fermentation of Pyropia spp. by food-derived microorganisms is an efficient processing method to solve this problem. This paper reviews research on the fermentation of Pyropia spp., including the manufacturing process, alterations in chemical composition, flavor properties, bioactivities, and mechanisms. Furthermore, the limitations and opportunities for developing Pyropia spp. fermentation food are explored. Studies demonstrated that key metabolites of fermented Pyropia spp. were degraded polysaccharides, released phenolic compounds and flavonoids, and formed amino acids, which possessed bioactivities such as antioxidant, anti-glycation, anti-diabetic, lipid metabolism regulation beneficial to human health. The increased bioactivities implied the promoted bioaccessibility of intracellular components. Notably, fermentation positively contributed to the safety of Pyropia spp. food. In conclusion, benefits in nutrition, flavor, bioactivity, and safety suggest that fermentation technology has a promising future for application in Pyropia spp. food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoting Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Cutolo EA, Campitiello R, Caferri R, Pagliuca VF, Li J, Agathos SN, Cutolo M. Immunomodulatory Compounds from the Sea: From the Origins to a Modern Marine Pharmacopoeia. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:304. [PMID: 39057413 PMCID: PMC11278107 DOI: 10.3390/md22070304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
From sea shores to the abysses of the deep ocean, marine ecosystems have provided humanity with valuable medicinal resources. The use of marine organisms is discussed in ancient pharmacopoeias of different times and geographic regions and is still deeply rooted in traditional medicine. Thanks to present-day, large-scale bioprospecting and rigorous screening for bioactive metabolites, the ocean is coming back as an untapped resource of natural compounds with therapeutic potential. This renewed interest in marine drugs is propelled by a burgeoning research field investigating the molecular mechanisms by which newly identified compounds intervene in the pathophysiology of human diseases. Of great clinical relevance are molecules endowed with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties with emerging applications in the management of chronic inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Here, we review the historical development of marine pharmacology in the Eastern and Western worlds and describe the status of marine drug discovery. Finally, we discuss the importance of conducting sustainable exploitation of marine resources through biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Andrea Cutolo
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Rosanna Campitiello
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic, Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Caferri
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Vittorio Flavio Pagliuca
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Jian Li
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Base, Harbin Engineering University, No. 1777 Sansha Road, Qingdao 150001, China; (J.L.); (S.N.A.)
| | - Spiros Nicolas Agathos
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Base, Harbin Engineering University, No. 1777 Sansha Road, Qingdao 150001, China; (J.L.); (S.N.A.)
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Earth and Life Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Maurizio Cutolo
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Academic, Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Pereira DT, García-García P, Korbee N, Vega J, Señoráns FJ, Figueroa FL. Optimizing the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Porphyra linearis (Rhodophyta): Evaluating Alkaline and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Nutraceutical Applications. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:284. [PMID: 38921595 PMCID: PMC11204741 DOI: 10.3390/md22060284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyra sensu lato is one of the most economically significant and widely cultured and consumed algae in the world. Porphyra species present excellent nutraceutic properties due to their bioactive compounds (BACs). This research aimed to find the most efficient aqueous extraction method for BACs by examining alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis. Alkaline hydrolysis with 2.5% sodium carbonate (SC) and at 80 °C proved optimal for extracting all BACs (phycobiliproteins, soluble proteins, polyphenols, and carbohydrates) except mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), which were best extracted with water only, and at 80 °C. Enzymatic hydrolysis, particularly with the 'Miura' enzymatic cocktail (cellulase, xylanase, glycoside hydrolase, and β-glucanase), showed superior results in extracting phycoerythrin (PE), phycocyanin (PC), soluble proteins, and carbohydrates, with increases of approximately 195%, 510%, 890%, and 65%, respectively, compared to the best alkaline hydrolysis extraction (2.5% SC and 80 °C). Phenolic content analysis showed no significant difference between the 'Miura' cocktail and 2.5% SC treatments. Antioxidant activity was higher in samples from alkaline hydrolysis, while extraction of MAAs showed no significant difference between water-only and 'Miura' treatments. The study concludes that enzymatic hydrolysis improves the efficiency of BACs extraction in P. linearis, highlighting its potential for the nutraceutical industry, and especially with respect to MAAs for topical and oral UV-photoprotectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Tomazi Pereira
- Experimental Center Grice Hutchinson, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, Lomas de San Julián, 2, 29004 Malaga, Spain; (D.T.P.); (N.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Paz García-García
- Group of Bioactive Extracts and Healthy Lipids, Faculty of Sciences, Cantoblanco Campus, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (P.G.-G.); (F.J.S.)
| | - Nathalie Korbee
- Experimental Center Grice Hutchinson, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, Lomas de San Julián, 2, 29004 Malaga, Spain; (D.T.P.); (N.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Julia Vega
- Experimental Center Grice Hutchinson, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, Lomas de San Julián, 2, 29004 Malaga, Spain; (D.T.P.); (N.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Francisco J. Señoráns
- Group of Bioactive Extracts and Healthy Lipids, Faculty of Sciences, Cantoblanco Campus, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (P.G.-G.); (F.J.S.)
| | - Félix L. Figueroa
- Experimental Center Grice Hutchinson, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, Lomas de San Julián, 2, 29004 Malaga, Spain; (D.T.P.); (N.K.); (J.V.)
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Pereira DT, Korbee N, Vega J, Figueroa FL. The Role of Nitrate Supply in Bioactive Compound Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity in the Cultivation of Porphyra linearis (Rhodophyta, Bangiales) for Future Cosmeceutical and Bioremediation Applications. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:222. [PMID: 38786613 PMCID: PMC11123471 DOI: 10.3390/md22050222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyra sensu lato has economic importance for food and pharmaceutical industries due to its significant physiological activities resulting from its bioactive compounds (BACs). This study aimed to determine the optimal nitrate dosage required in short-term cultivation to achieve substantial BAC production. A nitrate experiment using varied concentrations (0 to 6.5 mM) revealed optimal nitrate uptake at 0.5 mM in the first two days and at 3 and 5 mM in the last five days. Polyphenols and carbohydrates showed no differences between treatments, while soluble proteins peaked at 1.5 and 3 mM. Total mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) were highest in algae incubated at 5 and 6.5 mM, and the highest antioxidant activity was observed in the 5 mM, potentially related to the MAAs amount. Total carbon and sulfur did not differ between treatments, while nitrogen decreased at higher nitrate. This discovery highlights the nuanced role of nitrate in algal physiology, suggesting that biological and chemical responses to nitrate supplementation can optimize an organism's health and its commercially significant bioactive potential. Furthermore, given its ability to absorb high doses of nitrate, this alga can be cultivated in eutrophic zones or even in out-/indoor tanks, becoming an excellent option for integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) and bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Félix L. Figueroa
- Experimental Center Grice Hutchinson, University Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of Malaga, Lomas de San Julián, 2, 29004 Málaga, Spain; (D.T.P.); (N.K.); (J.V.)
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Baghel RS, Choudhary B, Pandey S, Pathak PK, Patel MK, Mishra A. Rehashing Our Insight of Seaweeds as a Potential Source of Foods, Nutraceuticals, and Pharmaceuticals. Foods 2023; 12:3642. [PMID: 37835294 PMCID: PMC10573080 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In a few Southeast Asian nations, seaweeds have been a staple of the cuisine since prehistoric times. Seaweeds are currently becoming more and more popular around the world due to their superior nutritional value and medicinal properties. This is because of rising seaweed production on a global scale and substantial research on their composition and bioactivities over the past 20 years. By reviewing several articles in the literature, this review aimed to provide comprehensive information about the primary and secondary metabolites and various classes of bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, proteins, and essential fatty acids, along with their bioactivities, in a single article. This review also highlights the potential of seaweeds in the development of nutraceuticals, with a particular focus on their ability to enhance human health and overall well-being. In addition, we discuss the challenges and potential opportunities associated with the advancement of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals derived from seaweeds, as well as their incorporation into different industrial sectors. Furthermore, we find that many bioactive constituents found in seaweeds have demonstrated potential in terms of different therapeutic attributes, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and other properties. In conclusion, seaweed-based bioactive compounds have a huge potential to play an important role in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical sectors. However, future research should pay more attention to developing efficient techniques for the extraction and purification of compounds as well as their toxicity analysis, clinical efficacy, mode of action, and interactions with regular diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi S. Baghel
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Panaji 403004, Goa, India;
| | - Babita Choudhary
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India;
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonika Pandey
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel;
| | - Pradeep Kumar Pathak
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel;
| | - Manish Kumar Patel
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel;
| | - Avinash Mishra
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India;
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Yang H, Weng P, Liu Z, Yan Y, Tang L, Li J, Mao Y, Mo Z. Glycoside hydrolase family 5 gene Pp07886 in Pythium porphyrae: Identification, characterization, expression pattern, and activation of the host immunity. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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Wang C, Lin W, Sun Z, Sun Y, Wang Y, Fu L. Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharide (PH) attenuates cell hyperplasia via remodeling the cross-talk between Hippo/YAP and mTOR pathways. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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9
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Rocha DHA, Pinto DCGA, Silva AMS. Macroalgae Specialized Metabolites: Evidence for Their Anti-Inflammatory Health Benefits. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120789. [PMID: 36547936 PMCID: PMC9783307 DOI: 10.3390/md20120789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an organism's response to chemical or physical injury. It is split into acute and chronic inflammation and is the last, most significant cause of death worldwide. Nowadays, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the greatest threat to human health is chronic disease. Worldwide, three out of five people die from chronic inflammatory diseases such as stroke, chronic respiratory diseases, heart disorders, and cancer. Nowadays, anti-inflammatory drugs (steroidal and non-steroidal, enzyme inhibitors that are essential in the inflammatory process, and receptor antagonists, among others) have been considered as promising treatments to be explored. However, there remains a significant proportion of patients who show poor or incomplete responses to these treatments or experience associated severe side effects. Seaweeds represent a valuable resource of bioactive compounds associated with anti-inflammatory effects and offer great potential for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. This review presents an overview of specialized metabolites isolated from seaweeds with in situ and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties. Phlorotannins, carotenoids, sterols, alkaloids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids present significant anti-inflammatory effects given that some of them are involved directly or indirectly in several inflammatory pathways. The majority of the isolated compounds inhibit the pro-inflammatory mediators/cytokines. Studies have suggested an excellent selectivity of chromene nucleus towards inducible pro-inflammatory COX-2 than its constitutive isoform COX-1. Additional research is needed to understand the mechanisms of action of seaweed's compounds in inflammation, given the production of sustainable and healthier anti-inflammatory agents.
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Molecular docking analysis and evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of the constituents of Geranium wallichianum D. Don ex Sweet from Kashmir Himalaya. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12547. [PMID: 35869098 PMCID: PMC9307801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Geranium wallichianum D. Don ex Sweet is a well-known medicinal plant in Kashmir Himalya. The evidence for its modern medicinal applications remains majorly unexplored. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the detailed antimicrobial promises of different crude extracts (methanolic, ethanolic, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate) of G. wallichainum against common human bacterial and fungal pathogens in order to scientifically validate its traditional use. The LC–MS analysis of G. wallichainum yielded 141 bioactive compounds with the vast majority of them having therapeutic applications. Determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) by broth microdilution method of G. wallichainum was tested against bacterial and fungal pathogens with MICs ranging from 0.39 to 400 µg/mL. Furthermore, virtual ligands screening yielded elatine, kaempferol, and germacrene-A as medicinally most active constituents and the potential inhibitors of penicillin-binding protein (PBP), dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS), elongation factor-Tu (Eu-Tu), ABC transporter, 1,3 beta glycan, and beta-tubulin. The root mean square deviation (RMSD) graphs obtained through the molecular dynamic simulations (MDS) indicated the true bonding interactions which were further validated using root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) graphs which provided a better understanding of the amino acids present in the proteins responsible for the molecular motions and fluctuations. The effective binding of elatine, kaempferol, and germacrene-A with these proteins provides ground for further research to understand the underlying mechanism that ceases the growth of these microbes.
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Phenolic compounds of “blue food” Porphyra haitanensis: Chemical fingerprints, antioxidant activities, and in vitro antiproliferative activities against HepG2 cells. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Martins LF, Wasson DE, Hristov AN. Feeding dairy cows for improved metabolism and health. Anim Front 2022; 12:29-36. [PMID: 36268175 PMCID: PMC9564990 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leoni F Martins
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Derek E Wasson
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Imperatrice M, Cuijpers I, Troost FJ, Sthijns MMJPE. Hesperidin Functions as an Ergogenic Aid by Increasing Endothelial Function and Decreasing Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, Thereby Contributing to Improved Exercise Performance. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142955. [PMID: 35889917 PMCID: PMC9316530 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of blood flow to peripheral muscles is crucial for proper skeletal muscle functioning and exercise performance. During exercise, increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation leads to increased electron leakage and consequently induces an increase in ROS formation, contributing to DNA, lipid, and protein damage. Moreover, exercise may increase blood- and intramuscular inflammatory factors leading to a deterioration in endurance performance. The aim of this review is to investigate the potential mechanisms through which the polyphenol hesperidin could lead to enhanced exercise performance, namely improved endothelial function, reduced exercise-induced oxidative stress, and inflammation. We selected in vivo RCTs, animal studies, and in vitro studies in which hesperidin, its aglycone form hesperetin, hesperetin-metabolites, or orange juice are supplemented at any dosage and where the parameters related to endothelial function, oxidative stress, and/or inflammation have been measured. The results collected in this review show that hesperidin improves endothelial function (via increased NO availability), inhibits ROS production, decreases production and plasma levels of pro-inflammatory markers, and improves anaerobic exercise outcomes (e.g., power, speed, energy). For elite and recreational athletes, hesperidin could be used as an ergogenic aid to enhance muscle recovery between training sessions, optimize oxygen and nutrient supplies to the muscles, and improve anaerobic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Imperatrice
- BioActor BV, Gaetano Martinolaan 50, 6229 GS Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (I.C.)
| | - Iris Cuijpers
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.J.T.); (M.M.J.P.E.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (I.C.)
| | - Freddy J. Troost
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.J.T.); (M.M.J.P.E.S.)
| | - Mireille M. J. P. E. Sthijns
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.J.T.); (M.M.J.P.E.S.)
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Yang M, Ma L, Yang X, Li L, Chen S, Qi B, Wang Y, Li C, Yang S, Zhao Y. Bioinformatic Prediction and Characterization of Proteins in Porphyra dentata by Shotgun Proteomics. Front Nutr 2022; 9:924524. [PMID: 35873412 PMCID: PMC9301277 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.924524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyra dentata is an edible red seaweed with high nutritional value. It is widely cultivated and consumed in East Asia and has vast economic benefits. Studies have found that P. dentata is rich in bioactive substances and is a potential natural resource. In this study, label-free shotgun proteomics was first applied to identify and characterize different harvest proteins in P. dentata. A total of 13,046 different peptides were identified and 419 co-expression target proteins were characterized. Bioinformatics was used to study protein characteristics, functional expression, and interaction of two important functional annotations, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Potential bioactive peptides, protein structure, and potential ligand conformations were predicted, and the results suggest that bioactive peptides may be utilized as high-quality active fermentation substances and potential targets for drug production. Our research integrated the global protein database, the first time bioinformatic analysis of the P. dentata proteome during different harvest periods, improves the information database construction and provides a framework for future research based on a comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
- Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lizhen Ma
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Laihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Shengjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Bo Qi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yueqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chunsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Shaoling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Yongqiang Zhao,
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Carpena M, Garcia-Perez P, Garcia-Oliveira P, Chamorro F, Otero P, Lourenço-Lopes C, Cao H, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto MA. Biological properties and potential of compounds extracted from red seaweeds. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 22:1-32. [PMID: 35791430 PMCID: PMC9247959 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-022-09826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae have been recently used for different applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry since they do not compete for land and freshwater against other resources. Moreover, they have been highlighted as a potential source of bioactive compounds. Red algae (Rhodophyta) are the largest group of seaweeds, including around 6000 different species, thus it can be hypothesized that they are a potential source of bioactive compounds. Sulfated polysaccharides, mainly agar and carrageenans, are the most relevant and exploited compounds of red algae. Other potential molecules are essential fatty acids, phycobiliproteins, vitamins, minerals, and other secondary metabolites. All these compounds have been demonstrated to exert several biological activities, among which antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antimicrobial properties can be highlighted. Nevertheless, these properties need to be further tested on in vivo experiments and go in-depth in the study of the mechanism of action of the specific molecules and the understanding of the structure-activity relation. At last, the extraction technologies are essential for the correct isolation of the molecules, in a cost-effective way, to facilitate the scale-up of the processes and their further application by the industry. This manuscript is aimed at describing the fundamental composition of red algae and their most studied biological properties to pave the way to the utilization of this underused resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Carpena
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - P. Garcia-Perez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - P. Garcia-Oliveira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - F. Chamorro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Paz Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - C. Lourenço-Lopes
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - J. Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - M. A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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16
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Yi L, Wang Q, Luo H, Lei D, Tang Z, Lei S, Xiao H. Inhibitory Effects of Polyphenols-Rich Components From Three Edible Seaweeds on Inflammation and Colon Cancer in vitro. Front Nutr 2022; 9:856273. [PMID: 35634377 PMCID: PMC9136665 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.856273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols from edible seaweeds display various health benefits which have not been adequately studied. This study aimed to characterize the composition of extractable polyphenol-rich components (EPCs) and non-extractable polyphenol-rich components (NEPCs) from three edible seaweeds (i.e., Laminaria japonica, Ulva lactuca, and Porphyra tenera) and evaluate their anti-inflammatory capacities in activated macrophages and anticancer properties in colon cancer cells. Both EPCs and NEPCs from three edible seaweeds against lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulated nitric oxide in activated macrophages. Immunoblotting and qRT-PCR indicated that EPCs and NEPCs regulated the expression levels of proinflammatory enzymes, proinflammatory cytokines, and antioxidant enzymes in macrophages. Furthermore, EPCs and NEPCs lowered the viability of colon cancer cells, while normal colon cells were not affected. Additionally, EPCs and NEPCs induced cellular apoptosis and led to G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in HCT116 cells. Overall, these results provide a rationale for future animal and human studies designed to examine the anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive capacities of polyphenols-rich components from L. japonica, U. lactuca, and P. tenera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Yi
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Haiyan Luo
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Daqing Lei
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhonghai Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Sijia Lei
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
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17
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Akhtar MA. Anti-Inflammatory Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh—A Pharmacological Evaluation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:809324. [PMID: 35401207 PMCID: PMC8987533 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.809324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are considered major threats to human health worldwide. In Bangladesh, a number of medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine from time immemorial in the treatment of diverse diseases, including inflammatory disorders. This assignment aims at providing the status of the medicinal plants of Bangladesh which are traditionally used in the management of inflammatory disorders and are investigated for their anti-inflammatory prospects using different preclinical studies and future research directions. The information of medicinal plants assembled in this review was obtained from a literature search of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect up to December, 2020 from publications on plants investigated for their anti-inflammatory activities, in which the place of plant sample collection was identified as Bangladesh. Keywords for primary searches were “anti-inflammatory,” “Bangladeshi,” and “medicinal plants.” Criteria followed to include plant species were plants that showed significant anti-inflammatory activities in 1) two or more sets of experiments in a single report, 2) same or different sets of experiments in two or more reports, and, 3) plants which are traditionally used in the treatment of inflammation and inflammatory disorders. In this study, 48 species of medicinal plants have been reviewed which have been used in traditional healing practices to manage inflammatory disorders in Bangladesh. The mechanistic pathways of the in vivo and in vitro study models used for the evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties of plant samples have been discussed. Selected plants were described in further detail for their habitat, anti-inflammatory studies conducted in countries other than Bangladesh, and anti-inflammatory active constituents isolated from these plants if any. Medicinal plants of Bangladesh have immense significance for anti-inflammatory activity and have potential to contribute toward the discovery and development of novel therapeutic approaches to combat diseases associated with inflammation. However, the plants reviewed in this article had chiefly undergone preliminary screening and require substantial investigations including identification of active molecules, understanding the mechanism of action, and evaluation for safety and efficacy to be followed by the formulation of safe and effective drug products.
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Naqvi SAR, Sherazi TA, Hassan SU, Shahzad SA, Faheem Z. Anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious and anti-cancer potential of marine algae and sponge: A review. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392221075514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms are potentially a pretty good source of highly bioactive secondary metabolites that are best known for their anti-inflammation, anti-infection, and anti-cancer potential. The growing threat of bacterial resistance to synthetic antibiotics, is a potential source to screen terrestrial and marine natural organisms to discover promising anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents which can synergistically overcome the inflammatory and infectious disases. Algae and sponge have been studied enormously to evaluate their medicinal potential to fix variety of diseases, especially inflammation, infections, cancers, and diabetes. Cytarabine is the first isolated biomolecule from marine organism which was successfully practiced in clinical setup as chemotherapeutic agent against xylogenous leukemia both in acute and chronic conditions. This discovery opened the horizon for systematic evaluation of broad range of human disorders. This review is designed to look into the literature reported on anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious, and anti-cancerous potential of algae and sponge to refine the isolated compounds for value addition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ali Raza Naqvi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tauqir A Sherazi
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf U Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Sohail A Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Zahra Faheem
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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19
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Ghalloo BA, Khan KUR, Ahmad S, Aati HY, Al-Qahtani JH, Ali B, Mukhtar I, Hussain M, Shahzad MN, Ahmed I. Phytochemical Profiling, In Vitro Biological Activities, and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Dracaena reflexa. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030913. [PMID: 35164177 PMCID: PMC8838819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dracaena reflexa, a traditionally significant medicinal plant, has not been extensively explored before for its phytochemical and biological potential. The present study was conducted to evaluate the bioactive phytochemicals and in vitro biological activities of D. reflexa, and perform in silico molecular docking validation of D. reflexa. The bioactive phytochemicals were assessed by preliminary phytochemical testing, total bioactive contents, and GC-MS analysis. For biological evaluation, the antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and ABTS), antibacterial, thrombolytic, and enzyme inhibition (tyrosinase and cholinesterase enzymes) potential were determined. The highest level of total phenolic contents (92.72 ± 0.79 mg GAE/g extract) was found in the n-butanol fraction while the maximum total flavonoid content (110 ± 0.83 mg QE/g extract) was observed in methanolic extract. The results showed that n-butanol fraction exhibited very significant tyrosinase inhibition activity (73.46 ± 0.80) and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity (64.06 ± 2.65%) as compared to other fractions and comparable to the standard compounds (kojic acid and galantamine). The methanolic extract was considered to have moderate butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activity (50.97 ± 063) as compared to the standard compound galantamine (53.671 ± 0.97%). The GC-MS analysis of the n-hexane fraction resulted in the tentative identification of 120 bioactive phytochemicals. Furthermore, the major compounds as identified by GC-MS were analyzed using in silico molecular docking studies to determine the binding affinity between the ligands and the enzymes (tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes). The results of this study suggest that Dracaena reflexa has unquestionable pharmaceutical importance and it should be further explored for the isolation of secondary metabolites that can be employed for the treatment of different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmad Ghalloo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (B.A.G.); (S.A.); (M.N.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Kashif-ur-Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (B.A.G.); (S.A.); (M.N.S.); (I.A.)
- Correspondence: (K.-u.-R.K.); (H.Y.A.); Tel.: 92-3366708638 (K.-u.-R.K.)
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (B.A.G.); (S.A.); (M.N.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Hanan Y. Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (K.-u.-R.K.); (H.Y.A.); Tel.: 92-3366708638 (K.-u.-R.K.)
| | - Jawaher H. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Barkat Ali
- National Agri Research Institute-NARC, Park Road Chack Shahzad Islamabad, Islamabad 45600, Pakistan;
| | - Imran Mukhtar
- Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, Sir Sadiq Muhammad Khan Abbasi Post Graduate Medical College, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Musaddique Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (B.A.G.); (S.A.); (M.N.S.); (I.A.)
| | - Imtiaz Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (B.A.G.); (S.A.); (M.N.S.); (I.A.)
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Impact of time and temperature on the physicochemical, microbiological, and nutraceutical properties of laver kombucha (Porphyra dentata) during fermentation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Januário AP, Félix R, Félix C, Reboleira J, Valentão P, Lemos MFL. Red Seaweed-Derived Compounds as a Potential New Approach for Acne Vulgaris Care. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111930. [PMID: 34834345 PMCID: PMC8623078 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic skin disease of the pilosebaceous unit affecting both adolescents and adults. Its pathophysiology includes processes of inflammation, increased keratinization, sebum production, hormonal dysregulation, and bacterial Cutibacterium acnes proliferation. Common AV has been treated with antibiotics since the 1960s, but strain resistance has emerged and is of paramount concern. Macroalgae are known producers of substances with bioactive properties, including anti-viral, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, among several others. In particular, red algae are rich in bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, lipids, sterols, alkaloids, and terpenoids, conferring them antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. Thus, the exploration of compounds from marine resources can be an appealing approach to discover new treatment options against AV. The aim of this work is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of the potentialities of red macroalgae in the treatment of AV by reviewing the main therapeutic targets of this disease, and then the existence of compounds or extracts with bioactive properties against them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana P. Januário
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.F.); (J.R.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (A.P.J.); (M.F.L.L.)
| | - Rafael Félix
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.F.); (J.R.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Carina Félix
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.F.); (J.R.)
| | - João Reboleira
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Marco F. L. Lemos
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.F.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.J.); (M.F.L.L.)
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22
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Vahdati SN, Lashkari A, Navasatli SA, Ardestani SK, Safavi M. Butylated hydroxyl-toluene, 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, and phytol of Chlorella sp. protect the PC12 cell line against H 2O 2-induced neurotoxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112415. [PMID: 34775236 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered the main cause of cellular damage in a number of neurodegenerative disorders. One suitable ways to prevent cell damage is the use of the exogenous antioxidant capacity of natural products, such as microalgae. In the present study, four microalgae extracts, isolated from the Persian Gulf, were screened to analyze their potential antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging using ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP methods. The methanolic extracts (D1M) of green microalgae derived from Chlorella sp. exhibited potent free radical scavenging activity. In order to characterize microalgae species, microscopic observations and analysis of the expression of 18S rRNA were performed. The antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of D1M on H2O2-induced toxicity in PC12 cells were investigated. The results demonstrated that D1M significantly decreased the release of nitric oxide (NO), formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), whereas it enhanced the content of glutathione (GSH), and activity of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and catalase (CAT) in PC12 cells exposed to H2O2. The pretreatment of D1M improved cell viability as measured by the MTT assay and invert microscopy, reduced cell apoptosis as examined by flow cytometry analysis, increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and diminished caspase-3 activity. The GC/MS analysis revealed that D1M ingredients have powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenol (2,4-DTBP), and phytol. These results suggested that Chlorella sp. extracts have strong potential to be applied as neuroprotective agents, for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Niazi Vahdati
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Lashkari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Aliniaye Navasatli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Susan Kabudanian Ardestani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Identified Seaweed Compound Diphenylmethane Serves as an Efflux Pump Inhibitor in Drug-Resistant Escherichia coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111378. [PMID: 34827316 PMCID: PMC8614644 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug efflux pumps are one of the major elements used by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) are potential therapeutic agents for adjunctive therapy, which can restore the activity of antibiotics that are no longer effective against pathogens. This study evaluated the seaweed compound diphenylmethane (DPM) for its EPI activity. The IC50 and modulation results showed that DPM has no antibacterial activity but can potentiate the activity of antibiotics against drug-resistant E. coli. Time-kill studies reported that a combination of DPM and erythromycin exhibited greater inhibitory activity against drug-resistant Escherichia coli. Dye accumulation and dye efflux studies using Hoechst 33342 and ethidium bromide showed that the addition of DPM significantly increased dye accumulation and reduced dye efflux in drug-resistant E. coli, suggesting its interference with dye translocation by an efflux pump. Using MALDI-TOF, it was observed that the addition of DPM could continuously reduce antibiotic efflux in drug-resistant E. coli. Additionally, DPM did not seem to damage the E. coli membranes, and the cell toxicity test showed that it features mild human-cell toxicity. In conclusion, these findings showed that DPM could serve as a potential EPI for drug-resistant E. coli.
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Suksathan R, Rachkeeree A, Puangpradab R, Kantadoung K, Sommano SR. Phytochemical and nutritional compositions and antioxidants properties of wild edible flowers as sources of new tea formulations. NFS JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Red Seaweeds as a Source of Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds: Optimization of the Extraction. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9060132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed to determine the nutritional composition (ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate content and energy value), phenolic compounds, pigments and organic acids content of three typical red algae from the Northwest of Spain: Chondrus crispus, Mastocarpus stellatus, and Gigartina pistillata; as well as their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Furthermore, the present work compared two extraction techniques: conventional heat assisted extraction (HAE) and high pressure assisted extraction (HPAE) to maximize the yield and the concentration of target compounds. Different independent variables were considered for the response study. Time (t) and percentage of ethanol of the solvent (S) were chosen for both techniques and temperature (T) and pressure (P) were used for HAE and HPAE, respectively. The experiments were designed following a response surface methodology (RSM) approach. The obtained results showed a similar nutritional composition between algae samples: low-fat content and high content of proteins, carbohydrates and energy. All tested algae showed good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Finally, HEA demonstrated to be the most efficient extraction technique. This study confirms the potential of red algae to be part of the human diet as a source of non-animal protein, due to its nutritional content, phenolic profile, pigments concentration and bioactive properties, which proves that HAE is the optimum technique for the extraction maximization.
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26
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Zhou F, Last RL, Pichersky E. Degradation of salicylic acid to catechol in Solanaceae by SA 1-hydroxylase. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:876-891. [PMID: 33793924 PMCID: PMC8133591 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The hormone salicylic acid (SA) plays crucial roles in plant defense, stress responses, and in the regulation of plant growth and development. Whereas the biosynthetic pathways and biological functions of SA have been extensively studied, SA catabolism is less well understood. In this study, we report the identification and functional characterization of an FAD/NADH-dependent SA 1-hydroxylase from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum; SlSA1H), which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of SA to catechol. Transcript levels of SlSA1H were highest in stems and its expression was correlated with the formation of the methylated catechol derivatives guaiacol and veratrole. Consistent with a role in SA catabolism, SlSA1H RNAi plants accumulated lower amounts of guaiacol and failed to produce any veratrole. Two O-methyltransferases involved in the conversion of catechol to guaiacol and guaiacol to veratrole were also functionally characterized. Subcellular localization analyses revealed the cytosolic localization of this degradation pathway. Phylogenetic analysis and functional characterization of SA1H homologs from other species indicated that this type of FAD/NADH-dependent SA 1-hydroxylases evolved recently within the Solanaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Robert L Last
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Eran Pichersky
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Author for correspondence:
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27
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Bayat P, Farshchi M, Yousefian M, Mahmoudi M, Yazdian-Robati R. Flavonoids, the compounds with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, as promising tools in multiple sclerosis (MS) therapy: A systematic review of preclinical evidence. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107562. [PMID: 33770729 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, are diseases resulting in neurological disabilities that are regarded as chronic, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases of central nervous system (CNS). In this respect, the use of anti-inflammatory compounds including flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds abundantly found in vegetables and fruits, has proposed to combat MS to dampen the inflammation and thereby ameliorating the disease severity. The objective of this study was to clarify the probable therapeutic effect of flavonoids for treatment of MS. Therefore, only English published articles that reported the therapeutic effect of flavonoids alone or in combination with other anti-MS therapeutic agents on MS, were selected by searching scientific electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Evaluation of the selected researches (686) showed that a total of 13 studies were suitable to be included in this systematic review. Interestingly, all of the studies (11 studies concerning EAE and 2 studies concerning MS) reported positive outcomes for the therapeutic effect of flavonoids on EAE and MS. All flavonoid compounds which are mentioned herein could successfully decrease the maximum clinical score of EAE, which is particularly connected to the anti-inflammatory property of these compounds. The literature review clearly discloses that flavonoids alone or in combination with other anti-MS therapeutic agents can pave the way for improving MS therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Bayat
- Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maral Farshchi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Yousefian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Rezvan Yazdian-Robati
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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28
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Zong S, Yang L, Park HJ, Li J. Dietary intake of Lycium ruthenicum Murray ethanol extract inhibits colonic inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis. Food Funct 2021; 11:2924-2937. [PMID: 32285052 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00172d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, phytochemical compositions of Lycium ruthenicum Murray ethanol extract (LRE) were analyzed by LC-ESI-MS/MS and the protective effect of LRE on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was evaluated in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced experimental colitis mice model. The results showed that a total of 129 compounds were tentatively identified, including phenols/phenolic acids, flavonoids and others. LRE supplementation significantly reduced DSS-induced body weight loss, disease activity index increase, colon length shortening and colonic pathological damage. LRE inhibited intestinal inflammation by regulating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, restored intestinal immune homeostasis by regulating immune cell infiltration and T lymphocyte subsets, and suppressed (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Moreover, the LRE profoundly ameliorated aberrant oxidative stress and restored the intestinal barrier integrity of colitis. Together, LRE supplementation might provide a new dietary strategy for preventing and ameliorating IBD as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinglei Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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29
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Saifullah M, McCullum R, McCluskey A, Van Vuong Q. Effect of drying techniques and operating conditions on the retention of color, phenolics, and antioxidant properties in dried lemon scented tea tree (
Leptospermum petersonii
) leaves. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Saifullah
- Applied Sciences School of Environmental and Life Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Newcastle Ourimbah NSW Australia
- Department of Agro Product Processing Technology Faculty of Applied Science and Technology Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore Bangladesh
| | - Rebecca McCullum
- Applied Sciences School of Environmental and Life Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Newcastle Ourimbah NSW Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- Chemistry School of Environmental & Life Sciences The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW Australia
| | - Quan Van Vuong
- Applied Sciences School of Environmental and Life Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Newcastle Ourimbah NSW Australia
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30
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Moga MA, Dima L, Balan A, Blidaru A, Dimienescu OG, Podasca C, Toma S. Are Bioactive Molecules from Seaweeds a Novel and Challenging Option for the Prevention of HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer Therapy?-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E629. [PMID: 33435168 PMCID: PMC7826946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer represents one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women all over the world. The infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the major risk factors for the development of premalignant lesions, which will progress to cervical cancer. Seaweeds are marine organisms with increased contents of bioactive compounds, which are described as potential anti-HPV and anti-cervical cancer agents. Our study aims to bring together all the results of the previous studies, conducted in order to highlight the potency of bioactive molecules from seaweeds, as anti-HPV and anti-cervical agents. This paper is a review of the English literature published between January 2010 and August 2020. We performed a systematic study in the Google Academic and PubMed databases using the key words "HPV infection", "anticancer", "seaweeds", "cervical cancer" and "carcinogenesis process", aiming to evaluate the effects of different bioactive molecules from marine algae on cervical cancer cell lines and on HPV-infected cells. Only original studies were considered for our research. None of the papers was excluded due to language usage or affiliation. Recent discoveries pointed out that sulfated polysaccharides, such as dextran sulfate heparan or cellulose sulfate, blocked the ability of HPV to infect cells, and inhibited the carcinogenesis process. Carrageenans inhibited the virions of HPV from binding the cellular wall. Fucoidan induced the growth inhibition of HeLa cervical cells in vitro. Heterofucans exhibited antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines. Terpenoids from brown algae are also promising agents with anti-cervical cancer activity. Considering all the results of the previous studies, we observed that great amounts of bioactive molecules from seaweeds could treat both unapparent HPV infection and clinical visible disease. Furthermore, these molecules were very efficient in the treatment of invasive cervical carcinomas. In these conditions, we consider seaweeds extracts as a novel and challenging therapeutic strategy, and we hope that our study paves the way for further clinical trials in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Alexandru Moga
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.G.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Lorena Dima
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University Transilvania of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (L.D.); (S.T.)
| | - Andreea Balan
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.G.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Alexandru Blidaru
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Oncological Institute “Al. Trestioneanu” of Bucharest, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Gabriela Dimienescu
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.G.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Cezar Podasca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (M.A.M.); (O.G.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Sebastian Toma
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University Transilvania of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania; (L.D.); (S.T.)
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31
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Bioassay-Guided Fractionation and Antimicrobial Activities of Padina australis Extracts. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.68304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Marine seaweeds synthesize different metabolites with various biological activities, including antimicrobial effects. Objectives: The main object of this study was to fractionate the seaweed Padina australis and analyze the antimicrobial activities of these fractions to isolate the bioactive compounds. Methods: Padina australis was collected from the Persian Gulf and extracted by maceration with methanol-ethyl acetate solvent. The extract was evaporated and partitioned by the Kupchan method to yield hexane, dichloromethane, water, and butanol partitions. Dichloromethane partition was further fractionated by MPLC, and antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts and all fractions were investigated using disc diffusion and agar plate count methods. The MIC values of hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, and butanol partitions and all fractions were calculated. Results: Fraction numbers 11, 4, and 7 showed the highest inhibitory effect with MIC value of 87 µg/mL, 156 µg/mL, and 156 µg/mL against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus, respectively. Conclusions: This study reveals that different fractions of P. australis have antimicrobial activities against various microorganisms.
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Nouri A, Heibati F, Heidarian E. Gallic acid exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and nephroprotective effects against paraquat-induced renal injury in male rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:1-9. [PMID: 32734364 PMCID: PMC7917173 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01931-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PRQ) is a toxic chemical compound that is very noxious to animals and humans. Gallic acid is a phenolic compound that has antioxidant properties. In this study, we evaluated the ameliorative effect of gallic acid against PRQ-induced renal injury and oxidative stress. In this research, the rats were segregated into six groups. Group 1 is the control group; group 2 received paraquat only; group 3 received gallic acid only; and groups 4, 5, and 6 received paraquat plus gallic acid at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg bw respectively. Findings of this work displayed that the renal contents of the vitamin C, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) significantly reduced and the levels of the serum protein carbonyl, creatinine, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (sGPT), urea, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (sGOT), uric acid, MDA, serum IL-1β, and the kidney IL-1β gene expression were remarkably increased in the group receiving PRQ only compared with that in the control group. On the other hand, treatment with gallic acid after exposure to PRQ led to a significant elevation in renal vitamin C, SOD, and CAT levels plus a remarkable decrease in the serum protein carbonyl, creatinine, sGPT, urea, sGOT, uric acid, MDA, IL-1β, and renal gene expression of IL-1β in comparison with the PRQ-only-treated rats. Histological changes were also ameliorated by gallic acid administration. The data approve that gallic acid diminished the deleterious effects of PRQ exposure. In this regard, our results indicated that the administration of gallic acid could alleviate the noxious effects of PRQ on the antioxidant defense system and renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nouri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Heibati
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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33
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Choi Y, Kwon D, Park C, Lee H, Hong S, Kim GY, Cha HJ, Kim S, Kim HS, Hwang HJ. Ethanol extract of Chondracanthus tenellus (Harvey) Hommersand attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory and oxidative response by blocking the NF-κB, MAPKs, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.326099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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34
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Choi SY, Lee SY, Jang DH, Lee SJ, Cho JY, Kim SH. Inhibitory effects of Porphyra dentata extract on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 62:854-863. [PMID: 33987565 PMCID: PMC7721580 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.6.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of Porphyra
dentata (P. dentata) extract on the adipogenesis
of 3T3-L1 cells and evaluate its anti-obesity effect. The proliferation of
3T3-L1 cells and differentiation of adipocytes under treatment of P.
dentata extract was examined by measuring the cell viability using
alamarBlue assay and lipid droplets by Oil Red O staining. Results showed that
P. dentata extract has no cytotoxicity effect and lipid
droplets formation decreased in a concentration-dependent manner in 3T3-L1
cells. It has been confirmed that transcription factors affecting lipid
accumulation and anti-adipogenic effects during cell differentiation are linked
to P. dentata extract. We observed that P.
dentata shows lowering the mRNA expression of peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2), CCAAT/enhancer
binding protein α (C/EBPα) that adipogenesis-associated key
transcription factors and inhibiting adipogenesis in the early stages of
differentiation. Treating the cells with P. dentata did not
only suppressed PPARγ2 and C/EBPα but also significantly decreased
the mRNA expression of adiponectin, Leptin, fatty acid synthase, adipocyte
protein 2, and Acetyl-coA carboxylase 1. Overall, the P.
dentata extract demonstrated inhibitory property in adipogenesis,
which has a potential effect in anti-obesity in 3T3-L1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Young Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Su Yeon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Da Hye Jang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Suk Jun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health & Medical Sciences, Cheongju University, Chungbuk 28503, Korea
| | - Jeong-Yong Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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35
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Biris-Dorhoi ES, Michiu D, Pop CR, Rotar AM, Tofana M, Pop OL, Socaci SA, Farcas AC. Macroalgae-A Sustainable Source of Chemical Compounds with Biological Activities. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3085. [PMID: 33050561 PMCID: PMC7601163 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, one of the most important research directions that concerns the scientific world is to exploit the earth's resources in a sustainable way. Considering the increasing interest in finding new sources of bioactive molecules and functional products, many research studies focused their interest on demonstrating the sustainability of exploiting marine macroalgal biomass as feedstock for wastewater treatment and natural fertilizer, conversion into green biofuels, active ingredients in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products, or even for the production of functional ingredients and integration in the human food chain. The objective of the present paper was to provide an overview on the recent progress in the exploitation of different macroalgae species as a source of bioactive compounds, mainly emphasizing the latter published data regarding their potential bioactivities, health benefits, and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena-Suzana Biris-Dorhoi
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.-S.B.-D.); (C.R.P.); (A.M.R.); (M.T.); (O.L.P.)
| | - Delia Michiu
- Department of Food Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Carmen R. Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.-S.B.-D.); (C.R.P.); (A.M.R.); (M.T.); (O.L.P.)
| | - Ancuta M. Rotar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.-S.B.-D.); (C.R.P.); (A.M.R.); (M.T.); (O.L.P.)
| | - Maria Tofana
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.-S.B.-D.); (C.R.P.); (A.M.R.); (M.T.); (O.L.P.)
| | - Oana L. Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.-S.B.-D.); (C.R.P.); (A.M.R.); (M.T.); (O.L.P.)
| | - Sonia A. Socaci
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.-S.B.-D.); (C.R.P.); (A.M.R.); (M.T.); (O.L.P.)
| | - Anca C. Farcas
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.-S.B.-D.); (C.R.P.); (A.M.R.); (M.T.); (O.L.P.)
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36
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Jimenez-Lopez C, Pereira AG, Lourenço-Lopes C, Garcia-Oliveira P, Cassani L, Fraga-Corral M, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J. Main bioactive phenolic compounds in marine algae and their mechanisms of action supporting potential health benefits. Food Chem 2020; 341:128262. [PMID: 33038800 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Given the growing tendency of consumers to choose products with natural ingredients, food industries have directed scientific research in this direction. In this regard, algae are an attractive option for the research, since they can synthesize a group of secondary metabolites, called phenolic compounds, associated with really promising properties and bioactivities. The objective of this work was to classify the major phenolic compounds, compare the effectiveness of the different extractive techniques used for their extraction, from traditional systems (like heat assisted extraction) to the most advance ones (such as ultrasound, microwave or supercritical fluid extraction); the available methods for identification and quantification; the stability of the enriched extract in phenolic compounds and the main bioactivities described for these secondary metabolites, to offer an overview of the situation to consider if it is possible and/or convenient an orientation of phenolic compounds from algae towards an industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jimenez-Lopez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - A G Pereira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - C Lourenço-Lopes
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - P Garcia-Oliveira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - L Cassani
- Research Group of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Mar del Plata, RA7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - M Fraga-Corral
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - M A Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - J Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
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37
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Cotas J, Leandro A, Monteiro P, Pacheco D, Figueirinha A, Gonçalves AMM, da Silva GJ, Pereira L. Seaweed Phenolics: From Extraction to Applications. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E384. [PMID: 32722220 PMCID: PMC7460554 DOI: 10.3390/md18080384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds have attracted high interest in recent years due to their chemical and bioactive properties to find new molecules with valuable applications for humankind. Phenolic compounds are the group of metabolites with the most structural variation and the highest content in seaweeds. The most researched seaweed polyphenol class is the phlorotannins, which are specifically synthesized by brown seaweeds, but there are other polyphenolic compounds, such as bromophenols, flavonoids, phenolic terpenoids, and mycosporine-like amino acids. The compounds already discovered and characterized demonstrate a full range of bioactivities and potential future applications in various industrial sectors. This review focuses on the extraction, purification, and future applications of seaweed phenolic compounds based on the bioactive properties described in the literature. It also intends to provide a comprehensive insight into the phenolic compounds in seaweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Cotas
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Adriana Leandro
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Pedro Monteiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Health Sciences Campus, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (G.J.d.S.)
| | - Diana Pacheco
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M. M. Gonçalves
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Jorge da Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Health Sciences Campus, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (G.J.d.S.)
| | - Leonel Pereira
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
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Okamoto T, Sugimoto S, Noda M, Yokooji T, Danshiitsoodol N, Higashikawa F, Sugiyama M. Interleukin-8 Release Inhibitors Generated by Fermentation of Artemisia princeps Pampanini Herb Extract With Lactobacillus plantarum SN13T. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1159. [PMID: 32582099 PMCID: PMC7283739 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Some glycosides, which are detected in water extracts from medicinal plants, have been reported to be degraded into their aglycones by incubating with some microorganisms producing β-glucosidase. We have shown that a plant-derived Lactobacillus plantarum SN13T harbors 11 open reading frames (ORFs) encoding the β-glucosidase enzyme and can grow vigorously in several herbal water extracts. In this study, we observed that the water extract from Artemisia princeps Pampanini (AP) fermented with the SN13T strain strongly inhibited the release of interleukin (IL)-8 from the HuH-7 cells, when compared to that without fermentation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the SN13T strain produced at least two bioactive compounds from some compounds contained in AP extract. In addition, we determined that the two compounds were catechol and seco-tanapartholide C, which dose-dependently inhibited the release of IL-8. Because some sesquiterpene lactones are useful in pharmaceuticals, seco-tanapartholide C may be useful as an anti-inflammatory agent. This study suggests that the fermentation of medicinal herbs with Lb. plantarum SN13T is a significant technique to obtain bioactive compounds having therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Okamoto
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Frontier Science for Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sachiko Sugimoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masafumi Noda
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yokooji
- Department of Frontier Science for Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Narandalai Danshiitsoodol
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumiko Higashikawa
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Sugiyama
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Luo D, Wang Z, Zhou R, Cao S. A polysaccharide from Umbilicaria yunnana: Structural characterization and anti-inflammation effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:870-877. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Seddighfar M, Mirghazanfari SM, Dadpay M. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of hydroalcoholic extracts of Malva sylvestris, Carum carvi or Medicago sativa, and their combination in a rat model. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2020; 18:181-188. [PMID: 32113847 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Malva sylvestris flowers or Carum carvi and Medicago sativa seeds, alone and in combination, which have been used in traditional Iranian medicine. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 treatment groups: distilled water, sodium salicylate (SS), M. sylvestris extract (600 mg/kg), C. carvi extract (600 mg/kg), M. sativa extract (300 mg/kg) and combined extract (including 300 mg/kg M. sylvestris and C. carvi extracts, and 150 mg/kg M. sativa extract). The formalin pain model was used to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of the treatments. For anti-inflammatory effect, acute (one hour after injection) and chronic (during a week after injection) paw inflammation was measured after subcutaneous injection of 2.5% formalin in the hindpaw. Finally, tissue samples from all groups were prepared for histopathological studies. RESULTS The combined extract significantly inhibited the nociception in the acute phase of the formalin test (P < 0.001). In the chronic phase, all the extracts and SS had significant analgesic effect (P < 0.001). Analgesic activity of the combined extract was significantly stronger than SS (P < 0.01). In the acute inflammation model, M. sylvestris, C. carvi and the combined drug had significant inhibitory effects against paw edema (P < 0.05). All extracts, individually and in combination, significantly alleviated chronic paw inflammation (P < 0.01). The combined extract had much more anti-inflammatory activity than SS (P < 0.05). Histopathological results indicated improvement and reduction of inflammatory factors in the treatment groups. CONCLUSION M. sylvestris, C. carvi and M. sativa have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Potentially, each of these extracts or a mixture of them might be a valuable alternative drug to control pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Seddighfar
- Department of Physiology and Iranian Medicine, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran; Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417414418, Iran
| | - Sayid Mahdi Mirghazanfari
- Department of Physiology and Iranian Medicine, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Dadpay
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran
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Santos SAO, Félix R, Pais ACS, Rocha SM, Silvestre AJD. The Quest for Phenolic Compounds from Macroalgae: A Review of Extraction and Identification Methodologies. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E847. [PMID: 31835386 PMCID: PMC6995553 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current interest of the scientific community for the exploitation of high-value compounds from macroalgae is related to the increasing knowledge of their biological activities and health benefits. Macroalgae phenolic compounds, particularly phlorotannins, have gained particular attention due to their specific bioactivities, including antioxidant, antiproliferative, or antidiabetic. Notwithstanding, the characterization of macroalgae phenolic compounds is a multi-step task, with high challenges associated with their isolation and characterization, due to the highly complex and polysaccharide-rich matrix of macroalgae. Therefore, this fraction is far from being fully explored. In fact, a critical revision of the extraction and characterization methodologies already used in the analysis of phenolic compounds from macroalgae is lacking in the literature, and it is of uttermost importance to compile validated methodologies and discourage misleading practices. The aim of this review is to discuss the state-of-the-art of phenolic compounds already identified in green, red, and brown macroalgae, reviewing their structural classification, as well as critically discussing extraction methodologies, chromatographic separation techniques, and the analytical strategies for their characterization, including information about structural identification techniques and key spectroscopic profiles. For the first time, mass spectrometry data of phlorotannins, a chemical family quite exclusive of macroalgae, is compiled and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia A. O. Santos
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.S.P.); (A.J.D.S.)
| | - Rafael Félix
- On Leave MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal;
| | - Adriana C. S. Pais
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.S.P.); (A.J.D.S.)
| | - Sílvia M. Rocha
- QOPNA/LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Armando J. D. Silvestre
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.S.P.); (A.J.D.S.)
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Tanna B, Brahmbhatt HR, Mishra A. Phenolic, flavonoid, and amino acid compositions reveal that selected tropical seaweeds have the potential to be functional food ingredients. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhakti Tanna
- Division of Applied Phycology and BiotechnologyCSIR‐Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute Bhavnagar Gujarat India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)CSIR Ghaziabad India
| | - Harshad R. Brahmbhatt
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument FacilityCSIR‐Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute Bhavnagar Gujarat India
| | - Avinash Mishra
- Division of Applied Phycology and BiotechnologyCSIR‐Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute Bhavnagar Gujarat India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)CSIR Ghaziabad India
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Luo D, Wang Z, Nie K. Structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from Sargassum thunbergii and its antioxidant and anti-inflammation effects. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223198. [PMID: 31584975 PMCID: PMC6777832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel polysaccharide STSP-I was isolated and purified from Sargassum thunbergii. Its structure and bioactivity were studied using gas chromatography (GC), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), periodate oxidation-smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, methylation-GC-MS, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), radicals scavenging assays and anti-inflammatory assays. STSP-I was consisted of fucose and galactose with a molar ratio of 1.2:1, and its mass was 373 kDa. The main structural components of STSP-I were →4)-α-D-Galp-(1→ and →3)-β-L-Fucp-(1→, STSP-I was a non-branched polysaccharide, and TEM further revealed the existence of entangled chains and linear forms. Compared with Vitamin C (Vc), STSP-I showed a higher scavenging effect of superoxide radical (EC50 = 0.22 mg/mL) and an equivalent scavenging effect of hydroxyl radical (EC50 = 0.88 mg/mL). STSP-I also exhibited good inhibitory effects of TNF-α, IL-6 and COX-2 mRNA expressions in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells, and the inhibitory effects were more than 91% at the concentrations of 75 and 150 μg/ml. The results indicate that the polysaccharide STSP-I from S. thunbergii with the linear structure may serve as potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianhui Luo
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaojing Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiying Nie
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
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Man MQ, Yang B, Elias PM. Benefits of Hesperidin for Cutaneous Functions. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:2676307. [PMID: 31061668 PMCID: PMC6466919 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2676307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hesperidin is a bioflavonoid, with high concentration in citrus fruits. In addition to its well-known benefits for cardiovascular function, type II diabetes, and anti-inflammation, recent studies have demonstrated multiple benefits of hesperidin for cutaneous functions, including wound healing, UV protection, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial, antiskin cancer, and skin lightening. In addition, hesperidin enhances epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis in both normal young and aged skin. The mechanisms by which hesperidin benefits cutaneous functions are attributable to its antioxidant properties, inhibition of MAPK-dependent signaling pathways, and stimulation of epidermal proliferation, differentiation, and lipid production. Because of its low cost, wide availability, and superior safety, hesperidin could prove useful for the management of a variety of cutaneous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Qiang Man
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Peter M. Elias
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
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Schulte-Michels J, Keksel C, Häberlein H, Franken S. Anti-inflammatory effects of ivy leaves dry extract: influence on transcriptional activity of NFκB. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:339-347. [PMID: 29748881 PMCID: PMC6482290 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
EA 575® is an ivy leaves dry extract (DER 5-7.5:1, 30% ethanol) used against diseases of the lower respiratory tract associated with productive cough. EA 575® improves symptoms associated with chronic inflammatory bronchial conditions. Compared to its bronchospasmolytic and secretolytic properties, the anti-inflammatory effects of EA 575® are mostly untried. Therefore, we addressed the question of whether the anti-inflammatory effect of EA 575® is due to an impact on the NFκB pathway. NFκB nuclear translocation was visualized by immunofluorescence in J774.2 as well as HEK293 cells. In the latter, a luciferase-based reporter was used to monitor NFκB transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation of RelA and its inhibitor IκB was measured by Western blot analysis. Additionally, changes in the stability of NFκB:IκB complex were shown by protein fragment complementation. Decreased transcriptional activity of NFκB under treatment with EA 575® was also shown for a human monocytic as well as a human lung epithelial cell line. EA 575® is able to inhibit NFκB transcriptional activity by partially inhibiting its translocation to the nucleus after stimulation with TNFα. Furthermore, phosphorylation of IκBα is reduced while phosphorylation of RelA is enhanced after pre-incubation with EA 575®, leading to an enhanced stability of NFκB:IκBα complex. EA 575® has an regulatory impact on the NFκB pathway, possibly by switching specificity of IKK from IκBα to RelA, resulting in enhanced stability of NFκB:IκBα complex and reduced RelA translocation into the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Schulte-Michels
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Nussallee 11, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Keksel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Nussallee 11, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hanns Häberlein
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Nussallee 11, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Franken
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Nussallee 11, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Venkatraman KL, Mehta A. Health Benefits and Pharmacological Effects of Porphyra Species. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 74:10-17. [PMID: 30543042 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Porphyra, one of the most cultured red algae has gained economic importance across the globe for its nutritional benefits. Porphyra is being cultivated, harvested, dried, processed and consumed in large quantities in south eastern countries. It contains relatively high amounts of proteins, carbohydrates, and micronutrients. Exploitation of its fundamental attributes led to the discovery of various biologically active compounds like polysaccharides, phycobiliproteins and peptides with effective pharmacological applications. In this review, a systematic account of the research accomplished in the past decade and up-to-date overview of various bioactive compounds and its pharmacological implications has been compiled. This review summarizes the bioactivities like antioxidative, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, anticoagulant and anticancer properties of the bioactive compounds from Porphyra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalkooru L Venkatraman
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Alka Mehta
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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47
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Brown and Red Seaweeds Serve as Potential Efflux Pump Inhibitors for Drug-Resistant Escherichia coli. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1836982. [PMID: 30713568 PMCID: PMC6332956 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1836982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant pathogens are a significant clinical problem. Efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) can restore the activities of existing antibiotics by interfering with drug efflux pumps located in bacterial cell membranes. Seaweeds are important sources of biologically active metabolites of natural origin; however, their potential as EPIs remains uninvestigated. Here, functional extracts from the brown seaweeds Laminaria japonica and Sargassum horneri and the red seaweeds Gracilaria sp. and Porphyra dentata were evaluated as potential EPIs against drug-resistant Escherichia coli. All these extracts were found to potentiate the activities of drugs in modulation tests, although not to the same extent. Synergistic effects of the extracts and the drug clarithromycin were observed from the onset of Time-kill assays, with no evidence of bacterial regrowth. Ethidium bromide accumulation studies revealed that the efflux decreased in the presence of each extract, as indicated by the presence of EPIs. Most identified EPIs that have been discovered to date have aromatic structures, and the seaweed extracts were found to contain various terpenes, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, indoles, pyrrole derivatives, alkaloids, and halogenated aromatic compounds. Our study highlights the potential of these compounds of the seaweeds as drug EPIs.
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48
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E Silva FGD, Paiatto LN, Yamada AT, Netto FM, Simioni PU, Tamashiro WMSC. Intake of Protein Hydrolysates and Phenolic Fractions Isolated from Flaxseed Ameliorates TNBS-Induced Colitis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800088. [PMID: 29932491 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE In the attempt to develop new therapeutic treatments for colitis, fractions containing phenolic compound isolate (Phi) and phenolic reduced-flaxseed protein hydrolysate (phr-FPH) from flaxseed are evaluated for their effects on the in vitro production of pro-inflammatory mediators and on the course of experimental colitis. METHODS AND RESULTS The anti-inflammatory effects of Phi and phr-FPH from flaxseeds are studied in RAW264.7 cells and in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) colitis model. It is observed that the incubation with Phi or phr-FPH result in lower levels of tumor necrosis factor α and nitric oxide in macrophages stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide + interferon-γ. Prophylactic and therapeutic treatments with Phi and phr-FPH, respectively, greatly contribute to the prevention of weight loss and colon inflammation in colitic BALB/c mice. T cell proliferation, expansion of TH1 and TH17 cells, and pro-inflammatory cytokines are lower, whereas Treg cells are higher in spleen cell cultures from Phi-treated mice. In addition, therapeutic phr-FPH treatment is able to reduce the expansion of TH17 in splenic cell cultures. CONCLUSION The consumption of phenolic and protein compounds extracted from flaxseeds has a protective effect on TNBS-induced colitis, and may be useful in the control of other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda G D E Silva
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, UNICAMP 13083-862, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Food, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), 35400-00, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Lisiery N Paiatto
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP 13506-900, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Aureo T Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP 13506-970, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Flavia M Netto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, UNICAMP 13083-862, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia U Simioni
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP 13506-900, Rio Claro, Brazil.,Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Americana, FAM 13477-360, Americana, Brazil
| | - Wirla M S C Tamashiro
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil
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Effects of Protocatechuic Acid (PCA) on Global Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Hippocampal Neuronal Death. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051420. [PMID: 29747437 PMCID: PMC5983751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) is one of the main causes of hippocampal neuronal death. Ischemic damage can be rescued by early blood reperfusion. However, under some circumstances reperfusion itself can trigger a cell death process that is initiated by the reintroduction of blood, followed by the production of superoxide, a blood⁻brain barrier (BBB) disruption and microglial activation. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a major metabolite of the antioxidant polyphenols, which have been discovered in green tea. PCA has been shown to have antioxidant effects on healthy cells and anti-proliferative effects on tumor cells. To test whether PCA can prevent ischemia-induced hippocampal neuronal death, rats were injected with PCA (30 mg/kg/day) per oral (p.o) for one week after global ischemia. To evaluate degenerating neurons, oxidative stress, microglial activation and BBB disruption, we performed Fluoro-Jade B (FJB), 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), CD11b, GFAP and IgG staining. In the present study, we found that PCA significantly decreased degenerating neuronal cell death, oxidative stress, microglial activation, astrocyte activation and BBB disruption compared with the vehicle-treated group after ischemia. In addition, an ischemia-induced reduction in glutathione (GSH) concentration in hippocampal neurons was recovered by PCA administration. Therefore, the administration of PCA may be further investigated as a promising tool for decreasing hippocampal neuronal death after global cerebral ischemia.
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50
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Rachkeeree A, Kantadoung K, Suksathan R, Puangpradab R, Page PA, Sommano SR. Nutritional Compositions and Phytochemical Properties of the Edible Flowers from Selected Zingiberaceae Found in Thailand. Front Nutr 2018; 5:3. [PMID: 29450200 PMCID: PMC5799243 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nutritional compositions and phytochemical properties of eight edible flowers of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) commonly found in Thailand are reported herein. The plant genera investigated were Zingiber (Ginger, Phlai Dam, Krathue), Hedychium (two morphological filament forms), Curcuma (Ao), Etlingera (Torch ginger), Amomum (Chi Kuk), and Alpinia (Galangal), which are eaten fresh or cooked as ingredients in the preparation of many Thai dishes. The proximate compositions (moisture, ash, fiber, protein, fat, and carbohydrate contents) varied among the different genera. The plants sampled were generally low in fat content (<1%), which contributed as little as 30% of the total caloric energy. Edible plant parts contained substantially high amounts of potassium (max. 737.21 mg/100 g), calcium (max. 140.15 mg/100 g), and iron (~0.32 mg/100 g). Among the tested samples, torch ginger had the highest vitamin C content (1.05 mg/100 g), total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, as well as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activity. On the other hand, the 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay suggested that Hedychium species possessed the highest antioxidant activity (~5.38 mg TEAC/g extract). Our results prove that edible plants of the Zingiberaceae family found in Thailand are rich sources of potentially important nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apinya Rachkeeree
- Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, The Botanical Garden Organization, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kuttiga Kantadoung
- Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, The Botanical Garden Organization, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ratchuporn Suksathan
- Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, The Botanical Garden Organization, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Paul Alexander Page
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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