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Jusril NA, Mukhtar SM, Abu Bakar SI, Md Saad WM, Wen NK, Adenan MI. Nanoemulsion of Ethanolic Extract of Centella asiatica (NanoSECA)Ameliorates Learning and Memory Performance by EnhancingCholinergic Activities, Increasing Antioxidative Levels, and AttenuatingOxidative Stress Markers in Adult Rats. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:329-339. [PMID: 37653639 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230831122844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) has long been traditionally used as a memory enhancer. Nanoemulsion of ethanolic extract C. asiatica (NanoSECA) has been developed to improve brain functions. However, the effect of NanoSECA on enhancing memory and cognitive functions remains unexplored. OBJECTIVES This research aimed to investigate the potential of NanoSECA on cognitive tasks and memory enhancement pathways in a normal adult rat model. METHODS Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats (7-8 weeks old) were randomly subjected to five groups (n=six per group). Treatment groups were supplemented with NanoSECA and ethanolic extract of C. asiatica (SECA) for 28 days by oral gavages. Different brain sections were isolated, homogenized, and tested for acetylcholinesterase, antioxidants (glutathione and malondialdehyde), and anti-inflammatory agents (nitric oxide, tumour necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E2). RESULTS NanoSECA supplementation markedly enhanced the acetylcholine, glutathione levels and reduced a distinct diminution in plasma activities of acetylcholinesterase, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, prostaglandin E, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels. CONCLUSION NanoSECA can be used as a memory enhancer through enhanced cholinergic activity, increased antioxidant level, and reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Atiqah Jusril
- School of Agriculture Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Shahida Muhammad Mukhtar
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Level 9, FF3, Puncak Alam Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Syahrul Imran Abu Bakar
- School of Agriculture Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Level 9, FF3, Puncak Alam Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Mazlina Md Saad
- Centre of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ng Kwok Wen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Quest International University, Jalan Raja Permaisuri Bainun, 30250, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ilham Adenan
- School of Agriculture Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang Branch, Bandar Tun Abdul Razak, 26400, Jengka, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
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Khin Aung ZM, Jantaratnotai N, Piyachaturawat P, Sanvarinda P. A pure compound from Curcuma comosa Roxb. protects neurons against hydrogen peroxide-induced neurotoxicity via the activation of Nrf-2. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Chen Z, Yang Y, Han Y, Wang X. Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Senegenin, an Effective Compound Originated From the Roots of Polygala Tenuifolia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:937333. [PMID: 35924058 PMCID: PMC9341472 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Senegenin is the main bioactive ingredient isolated from the dried roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. In recent years, senegenin has been proved to possess a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, enhancement of cognitive function. Besides, it has a good development prospect for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, depression, osteoporosis, cognitive dysfunction, ischemia-reperfusion injury and other diseases. However, there is no systematic literature that fully demonstrates the pharmacological effects of senegenin. In order to meet the needs of new drug research and precise medication, this review summarized the neuroprotective effects, mechanisms and gastrointestinal toxicity of senegenin based on the literatures published from the past 2 decades. In addition, an in-depth analysis of the existing problems in the current research as well as the future research directions have been conducted in order to provide a basis for the clinical application of this important plant extract.
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Lorenzana-Martínez G, Santerre A, Andrade-González I, Bañuelos-Pineda J. Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces on spatial memory and hippocampal expression of BDNF in ovariectomized rats. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:670-680. [PMID: 32787648 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1804095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian hypofunction is characterized by decay in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin associated with cognitive and memory function. Hormone replacement therapy is the most common treatment to counteract the negative effects of ovarian insufficiency; however, this therapy may increase the odds of endometrial cancer, blood clots, stroke, and breast cancer. Therefore, a safer alternative to synthetic estrogens is needed. One possible candidate may be phytoestrogens. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) is a source of natural food colorants; the calyces and leaves of the plant are consumed in drinks and culinary preparations and are recognized for several health benefits related to their high content of anthocyanins. In the present study, we used an ovariectomized rat model to assess the phytoestrogenic effect of H. sabdariffa, and evaluated spatial memory and BDNF expression. Ninety-day-old female Wistar rats were randomly separated into six groups. Rats from four groups were ovariectomized and injected with a physiological dose of estradiol, or given, in drinking water, an extract prepared from calyces of H. sabdariffa at doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg body weight. Both Intact and Sham groups were included as controls. At day 42, short- and long-term memories were assessed by the Barnes maze test, and hippocampal BDNF expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Ovariectomy significantly decreased memory performance and BDNF expression, compared with controls. However, administration of H. sabdariffa extract reversed the negative effect of ovariectomy on short- and long-term memory parameters and BDNF expression. A stronger effect was observed at a lower dose of the extract. In conclusion, the extract from H. sabdariffa acted as a phytoestrogen in ovariectomized rats, improving spatial memory performance and hippocampal BDNF expression. Based on these promising results, further clinical experimentation is recommended to study the benefits of H. sabdariffa as an alternative hormonal therapy in patients with ovarian hypofunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Santerre
- Laboratorio de Biomarcadores Moleculares en Biomedicina y Ecología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, México
| | - Isaac Andrade-González
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Agroalimentarios, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Tlajomulco, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, Jalisco, México
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Wang S, Lin H, Cong W. Chinese Medicines Improve Perimenopausal Symptoms Induced by Surgery, Chemoradiotherapy, or Endocrine Treatment for Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:174. [PMID: 30930771 PMCID: PMC6428993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of surgery, chemoradiotherapy, and endocrine treatment successfully increases survival rates of breast cancer patients. However, perimenopausal symptoms, the main side effects of these treatments, often afflict patients and reduce their quality of life. Perimenopausal symptoms include vasomotor symptoms, sleep problems, arthromuscular symptoms, and osteoporosis. Currently, there are no satisfactory treatments for perimenopausal symptoms that result from these treatments. Therefore, alternative and complementary therapies including herbal medicines represented by Chinese medicines (CMs), acupuncture, massage, and psychotherapy are increasingly being expected and explored. In this paper, we review the effects and potentials of several CM formulae, along with some active ingredients or fractions from CMs, Chinese herbal extracts, and other herbal medicines, which have drawn attention for improving perimenopausal symptoms in breast cancer patients. We also elaborate their possible mechanisms. Moreover, further studies for evaluation of standardized clinical efficacy should be scientifically well-designed and continuously performed to investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of CMs for perimenopausal symptoms due to breast cancer therapy. The safety and value of estrogen-containing CMs for breast cancer should also be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Oncology of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongsheng Lin
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Cong
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Jaipakdee N, Limpongsa E, Sripanidkulchai BO, Piyachaturawat P. Preparation of Curcuma comosa tablets using liquisolid techniques: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm 2018; 553:157-168. [PMID: 30316793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Curcuma comosa (C. comosa) is a Thai medicinal herb that provides numerous pharmacologic activities due to its estrogen-like action. This study aimed to investigate the use of liquisolid technique to prepare tablets containing oleoresin-like crude extract of C. comosa, and to improve the dissolution profiles of its major compounds, diarylheptanoids (DAs). Free flowing powders of C. comosa extract were obtained by adsorption onto solid carriers, microcrystalline cellulose, with colloidal silica as coating material. FTIR results ruled out possible interactions between C. comosa extract and excipients. The results indicated that all of liquisolid tablets met the USP requirements. The release of DAs were significantly increased through liquisolid formulations, compared to crude extract. By decreasing the ratio of carrier to coating from 20 to 10, an improvement in dissolution rate was observed. Addition of additives - namely polymer (polyvinyl pyrrolidone) and/or nonvolatile liquid (propylene glycol) affected tablet properties which involved longer disintegration time and lower DA dissolution. Optimized C. comosa liquisolid formulation was prepared in a carrier to coating ratio of 10 without additives. Stability studies showed that physical properties of liquisolid tablet were not affected by aging, but percent remaining and dissolution profiles of DAs were influenced by storage temperature. In vivo pharmacokinetic behavior of the optimized C. comosa liquisolid tablets was investigated following a single oral administration to rabbits. The results proved that the method used for preparation of liquisolid led to C. comosa tablets with low variation in content uniformity and tablet properties, as well as enhanced dissolution behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napaphak Jaipakdee
- Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Ekapol Limpongsa
- Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Bung-Orn Sripanidkulchai
- Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Pawinee Piyachaturawat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Shojaee A, Taherianfard M. Effects of Gonadectomy and Avoidance Learning on the GABAAα1 Receptor Density in the Prefrontal Cortex of Male and Female Rats. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-018-9693-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yingngam B, Brantner A, Jinarat D, Kaewamatawong R, Rungseevijitprapa W, Suksamrarn A, Piyachaturawat P, Chokchaisiri R. Determination of the Marker Diarylheptanoid Phytoestrogens in Curcuma comosa Rhizomes and Selected Herbal Medicinal Products by HPLC-DAD. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:65-70. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bancha Yingngam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University
| | - Adelheid Brantner
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz
| | - Damrongsak Jinarat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University
| | - Rawiwun Kaewamatawong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University
| | - Wandee Rungseevijitprapa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University
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Keeratinijakal V, Kongkiatpaiboon S. Distribution of phytoestrogenic diarylheptanoids and sesquiterpenoids components in Curcuma comosa rhizomes and its related species. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tuntiyasawasdikul S, Limpongsa E, Jaipakdee N, Sripanidkulchai B. Effects of Vehicles and Enhancers on the Skin Permeation of Phytoestrogenic Diarylheptanoids from Curcuma comosa. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:895-903. [PMID: 27380435 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-016-0582-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma comosa (C. comosa) is widely used in traditional medicine as a dietary supplement for health promotion in postmenopausal women in Thailand. It contains several diarylheptanoids, which are considered to be a novel class of phytoestrogens. However, the diarylheptanoids isolated from the plant rhizome are shown to have low oral bioavailability and faster elimination characteristics. The aim of this study was to investigate the permeation behavior of the active compounds of diarylheptanoids. The effects of binary vehicle systems and permeation enhancers on diarylheptanoids permeation and accumulation within the skin were studied using side-by-side diffusion cells through the porcine ear skin. Among the tested binary vehicle systems, the ethanol/water vehicle appeared to be the most effective system for diarylheptanoids permeation with the highest flux and shortest lag time. The presence of transcutol in the vehicle system significantly increased diarylheptanoid's permeation and accumulation within the skin in a concentration-dependent manner. Although the presence of terpenes in formulation decreased the flux of diarylheptanoids, it raised the amount of diarylheptanoids retained within the skin substantially. Based on the feasibility of diarylheptanoid permeation, C. comosa extract should be further developed into an effective transdermal product for health benefits and hormone replacement therapy.
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Sun W, Wang S, Zhao W, Wu C, Guo S, Gao H, Tao H, Lu J, Wang Y, Chen X. Chemical constituents and biological research on plants in the genus Curcuma. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:1451-1523. [PMID: 27229295 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1176554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Curcuma, a valuable genus in the family Zingiberaceae, includes approximately 110 species. These plants are native to Southeast Asia and are extensively cultivated in India, China, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Peru, Australia, and the West Indies. The plants have long been used in folk medicine to treat stomach ailments, stimulate digestion, and protect the digestive organs, including the intestines, stomach, and liver. In recent years, substantial progress has been achieved in investigations regarding the chemical and pharmacological properties, as well as in clinical trials of certain Curcuma species. This review comprehensively summarizes the current knowledge on the chemistry and briefly discusses the biological activities of Curcuma species. A total of 720 compounds, including 102 diphenylalkanoids, 19 phenylpropene derivatives, 529 terpenoids, 15 flavonoids, 7 steroids, 3 alkaloids, and 44 compounds of other types isolated or identified from 32 species, have been phytochemically investigated. The biological activities of plant extracts and pure compounds are classified into 15 groups in detail, with emphasis on anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Sun
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Sheng Wang
- b State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Chuanhong Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Shuhui Guo
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Hongxun Tao
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Jinjian Lu
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Yitao Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
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Propensity of Hyoscyamus niger seeds methanolic extract to allay stereotaxically rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease symptoms in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-015-0202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Jiang ZJ, Wang CY, Xie X, Yang JF, Huang JN, Cao ZP, Xiao P, Li CH. Schizandrin ameliorates ovariectomy-induced memory impairment, potentiates neurotransmission and exhibits antioxidant properties. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:2479-92. [PMID: 25573619 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Schizandrin (SCH) has been reported to prevent or reduce learning and memory defects. However, it is not known whether SCH ameliorates cognitive impairments induced by oestrogen deficiency. In the present study, we investigated the effect of SCH on memory in ovariectomized (OVX) and non-OVX rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A passive avoidance test was used to evaluate the effect of SCH on memory. Field EPSPs were recorded in hippocampal slices using an electrophysiological method. In OVX rats, biochemical parameters in the bilateral hippocampus were measured; these included superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and AChE. Also, the number of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) positive neurons was counted by NADPH-d histochemistry staining technique. KEY RESULTS Oral SCH improved the memory and facilitated the induction of long-term potentiation in non-OVX and OVX rats; this effect was more obvious in OVX rats. Similarly, SCH perfusion enhanced synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices from both non-OVX and OVX rats. However, SCH perfusion reduced the ratio of paired-pulse facilitation only in OVX but not in non-OVX rats. In addition, SCH decreased AChE activity and MDA level and increased SOD activity and the number of NADPH-d-positive neurons in OVX rats. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS SCH improves memory in OVX rats and its potential mechanisms may include a reduction in the loss of hippocampal NADPH-d positive neurons, an increase of antioxidant properties and a potentiation of synaptic transmission that possibly involves to enhance cholinergic function. Overall, our findings indicate that SCH has potential as a therapeutic strategy for the cognitive dysfunctions associated with the menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Jiao Jiang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Micucci M, Aldini R, Cevenini M, Colliva C, Spinozzi S, Roda G, Montagnani M, Camborata C, Camarda L, Chiarini A, Mazzella G, Budriesi R. Curcuma longa L. as a therapeutic agent in intestinal motility disorders. 2: Safety profile in mouse. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80925. [PMID: 24260512 PMCID: PMC3832444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcuma extract exerts a myorelaxant effect on the mouse intestine. In view of a possible use of curcuma extract in motor functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, a safety profile study has been carried out in the mouse. METHODS Thirty mice were used to study the in vitro effect of curcuma on gallbladder, bladder, aorta and trachea smooth muscular layers and hearth inotropic and chronotropic activity. The myorelaxant effect on the intestine was also thoroughly investigated. Moreover, curcuma extract (200 mg/Kg/day) was orally administered to twenty mice over 28 days and serum liver and lipids parameters were evaluated. Serum, bile and liver bile acids qualitative and quantitative composition was were also studied. RESULTS In the intestine, curcuma extract appeared as a not competitive inhibitor through cholinergic, histaminergic and serotoninergic receptors and showed spasmolytic effect on K(+) induced contraction at the level of L type calcium channels. No side effect was observed on bladder, aorta, trachea and heart when we used a dose that is effective on the intestine. An increase in gallbladder tone and contraction was observed. Serum liver and lipids parameters were normal, while a slight increase in serum and liver bile acids concentration and a decrease in bile were observed. CONCLUSIONS Although these data are consistent with the safety of curcuma extract as far as its effect on the smooth muscular layers of different organs and on the heart, the mild cholestatic effect observed in absence of alteration of liver function tests must be further evaluated and the effective dose with minimal side effects considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Micucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Aldini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail: (RB); (RA)
| | - Monica Cevenini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carolina Colliva
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Spinozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Roda
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Montagnani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Camborata
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Camarda
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Chiarini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail: (RB); (RA)
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Su J, Sripanidkulchai K, Hu Y, Chaiittianan R, Sripanidkulchai B. Increased in situ intestinal absorption of phytoestrogenic diarylheptanoids from Curcuma comosa in nanoemulsions. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14:1055-62. [PMID: 23797305 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-9996-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma comosa has long been used as a gynecological medicine. Several diarylheptanoids have been purified from this plant, and their pharmacological effects were proven. However, there is no information about the absorption of C. comosa components to support the formulation usage. In the present study, C. comosa hexane extract and the mixture of its two major compounds, (4E,6E)-1,7-diphenylhepta-4,6-dien-3-ol (DA1) and (6E)-1,7-diphenylhept-6-en-3-ol (DA2), were formulated into nanoemulsions. The physical properties of the nanoemulsions and the in situ intestinal absorptions of DA1 and DA2 were evaluated. The results demonstrated the mean particle sizes at 0.207 ± 0.001 and 0.408 ± 0.014 μm, and the zeta potential at -14.57 ± 0.85 and -10.47 ± 0.32 mV for C. comosa nanoemulsion (C.c-Nano) and mixture of diarlylheptanoid nanoemulsions (DA-Nano), respectively. The entrapments of DA1 and DA2 were 76.61% and 75.41%, and 71.91% and 71.63% for C.c-Nano and DA-Nano, respectively. The drug loading ratios of DA1 and DA2 were 351.47 and 614.53 μg/mg, and 59.48 and 126.72 μg/mg for C.c-Nano and DA-Nano. The intestinal absorption rates of DA1 and DA2 were 0.329 ± 0.015 and 0.519 ± 0.026 μg/min/cm2 in C.c-Nano, and 0.380 ± 0.006 and 0.428 ± 0.036 μg/min/cm2 in DA-Nano, which were five to ten times faster than those in oil. In conclusion, the formulation in nanoemulsion forms obviously increased the intestinal absorption rate of diarylheptanoids.
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Cai ZL, Wang CY, Gu XY, Wang NJ, Wang JJ, Liu WX, Xiao P, Li CH. Tenuigenin ameliorates learning and memory impairments induced by ovariectomy. Physiol Behav 2013; 118:112-7. [PMID: 23688946 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has proven to be effective in preventing and reversing the memory and learning deficiencies. However, conventional estrogenic treatment could increase the risks of breast cancer and venous thromboembolism. Tenuigenin (TEN) is putatively believed as the active component extracted from a Chinese herb Polygala tenuifolia root. Although TEN has been shown to enhance learning and memory in healthy mice, it remains unknown whether or not TEN could ameliorate learning and memory impairments. In the present study, mice were divided into four groups: sham-operated (sham), ovariectomized (OVX), OVX+estradiol benzoate (EB) and OVX+TEN groups. Step-through passive avoidance and Y-maze tests were used to assess learning and memory abilities, and the number of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) positive neurons and the synaptic measurement of hippocampal CA1 area were examined. The results showed that TEN was given orally to OVX mice, leading to the improvement of learning and memory in step-through passive avoidance and Y-maze tests. TEN could reduce the loss of NOS positive neurons and prevent the synaptic morphological changes induced by ovariectomy. Our results suggest that TEN may exert a potential therapeutic value for menopause cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Lin Cai
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, 55W Zhongshan Ave, Guangzhou, 510631, China
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Yang M, Cai Z, Xiao P, Li C. Schisandra N-butanol extract improves synaptic morphology and plasticity in ovarectomized mice. Neural Regen Res 2012; 7:1365-9. [PMID: 25657668 PMCID: PMC4308785 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.18.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Preliminary work by our research team revealed that Schisandra, a renowned traditional Chinese medicine, causes learning and memory improvements in ovariectomized mice. This activity was attributed to active ingredients extracted with N-butyl alcohol, named Schisandra N-butanol extract. In this study, ovariectomized mice were pretreated with Schisandra N-butanol extract given by intragastric administration. This treatment led to the enhancement of learning, and an increase in hippocampal CA1 synaptic, surface and postsynaptic density. A decrease in the average size of the synaptic active zone was also observed. These experimental findings showing that Schisandra N-butanol extract improved synaptic morphology indicate an underlying mechanism by which the ability of learning is enhanced in ovariectomized mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Yang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhaolin Cai
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chuhua Li
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong Province, China
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Su J, Sripanidkulchai K, Suksamrarn A, Hu Y, Piyachuturawat P, Sripanidkulchai B. Pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of diarylheptanoid phytoestrogens from Curcuma comosa in rats. J Nat Med 2011; 66:468-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-011-0607-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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