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Chen W, Yu JW, Deng YY, Wong LY, Wang C, Liang YL, Leung YT, Tian JY, Wu Y, Leung KSY, Hu J, Chen WH, Dou X, Fu XQ, Chen YJ, Yu ZL. Identification of sedative-hypnotic compounds shared by five medicinal Polyporales mushrooms using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155355. [PMID: 38555773 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Five Polyporales mushrooms, namely Amauroderma rugosum, Ganoderma lucidum, G. resinaceum, G. sinense and Trametes versicolor, are commonly used in China for managing insomnia. However, their active components for this application are not fully understood, restricting their universal recognition. PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to identify sedative-hypnotic compounds shared by these five Polyporales mushrooms. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics, including OPLS-DA (orthogonal projection of potential structure discriminant analysis) and OPLS (orthogonal projections to latent structures) analysis together with mouse assays, were used to identify the main sedative-hypnotic compounds shared by the five Polyporales mushrooms. A pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping model was used to investigate the sedative-hypnotic effects of the five mushrooms and their sedative-hypnotic compounds. RESULTS Ninety-two shared compounds in the five mushrooms were identified. Mouse assays showed that these mushrooms exerted sedative-hypnotic effects, with different potencies. Six triterpenes [four ganoderic acids (B, C1, F and H) and two ganoderenic acids (A and D)] were found to be the main sedative-hypnotic compounds shared by the five mushrooms. CONCLUSION We for the first time found that these six triterpenes contribute to the sedative-hypnotic ability of the five mushrooms. Our novel findings provide pharmacological and chemical justifications for the use of the five medicinal mushrooms in managing insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jun-Wen Yu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yu-Yi Deng
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lut Yi Wong
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yu-Ling Liang
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yuk-Tung Leung
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jia-Yi Tian
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | | | - Jinhui Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Wen-Hua Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Xiu-Qiong Fu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ying-Jie Chen
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China; Drug Clinical Trial Institution, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China.
| | - Zhi-Ling Yu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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Qin Y, Zhao Y, Hu X, Chen X, Jiang YP, Jin XJ, Li G, Li ZH, Yang JH, Zhang GL, Cui SY, Zhang YH. Ganoderma lucidum spore extract improves sleep disturbances in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1390294. [PMID: 38720773 PMCID: PMC11076761 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1390294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum, Lingzhi) has long been listed as a premium tonic that can be used to improve restlessness, insomnia, and forgetfulness. We previously reported that a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) that was induced by an intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) showed significant learning and cognitive deficits and sleep disturbances. Treatment with a G. lucidum spore extract with the sporoderm removed (RGLS) prevented learning and memory impairments in sAD model rats. Method: The present study was conducted to further elucidate the preventive action of RGLS on sleep disturbances in sAD rats by EEG analysis, immunofluorescence staining, HPLC-MS/MS and Western blot. Results: Treatment with 720 mg/kg RGLS for 14 days significantly improved the reduction of total sleep time, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep time, and non-REM sleep time in sAD rats. The novelty recognition experiment further confirmed that RGLS prevented cognitive impairments in sAD rats. We also found that RGLS inhibited the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory pathway in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in sAD rats and ameliorated the lower activity of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurons in the parabrachial nucleus (PBN). Discussion: These results suggest that inhibiting the neuroinflammatory response in the mPFC may be a mechanism by which RGLS improves cognitive impairment. Additionally, improvements in PBN-GABAergic activity and the suppression of neuroinflammation in the mPFC in sAD rats might be a critical pathway to explain the preventive effects of RGLS on sleep disturbances in sAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Xue-Jun Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Gao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Zhen-Hao Li
- Zhejiang ShouXianGu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Wuyi, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ji-Hong Yang
- Zhejiang ShouXianGu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Wuyi, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Liang Zhang
- Zhejiang ShouXianGu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Wuyi, Zhejiang, China
| | - Su-Ying Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-He Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
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Luz DA, Pinheiro AM, Fontes-Júnior EA, Maia CSF. Neuroprotective, neurogenic, and anticholinergic evidence of Ganoderma lucidum cognitive effects: Crucial knowledge is still lacking. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1504-1536. [PMID: 37052237 DOI: 10.1002/med.21957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is a mushroom that has been widely used for centuries in Asian countries for its antiaging properties. It is popularly known as "Ling Zhi," "Reishi," and "Youngzhi," and because of its benefits, it is known as the "immortality mushroom." Pharmacological assays have revealed that G. lucidum ameliorates cognitive impairments through inhibition of β-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangle formation, antioxidant effect, reduction of inflammatory cytokine release and apoptosis, genic expression modulation, among other activities. Chemical investigations on G. lucidum have revealed the presence of metabolites such as triterpenes, which are the most explored in this field, as well as flavonoids, steroids, benzofurans, and alkaloids; in the literature, these have also been reported to have mnemonic activity. These properties of the mushroom make it a potential source of new drugs to prevent or reverse memory disorders, as actual medications are able to only alleviate some symptoms but are unable to stop the progress of cognitive impairments, with no impact on social, familiar, and personal relevance. In this review, we discuss the cognitive findings of G. lucidum reported in the literature, converging the proposed mechanisms through the several pathways that underlie memory and cognition processes. In addition, we highlight the gaps that deserve particular attention to support future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra A Luz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Alana M Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Enéas A Fontes-Júnior
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S F Maia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Ezurike PU, Odunola E, Oke TA, Bakre AG, Olumide O, Odetoye O, Alege AM, Abiodun OO. Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extract promotes weight loss and improves depressive-like behaviors in male and female Swiss mice. Physiol Behav 2023; 265:114155. [PMID: 36907499 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic and mood-related disturbances can increase the risks of developing adverse mental health problems. The medicinal mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, is utilized in indigenous medicine to improve quality of life, promote health, and boost vitality. This study investigated the effects of Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extract (EEGL) on feeding behavioral parameters, depressive-like symptoms, and motor activity in Swiss mice. We hypothesized that EEGL would have beneficial effect on metabolic and behavioral outcomes in a dose-related manner. The mushroom was identified and authenticated via techniques of molecular biology. Forty Swiss mice (n = 10/group) of either sex were given distilled water (10 mL/kg) and graded doses of EEGL (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) orally for 30 days, during which feed and water intake, body weight, neurobehavioral, and safety data were documented. The animals experienced a significant decrease in body weight gain and feed intake while water intake increased in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, EEGL significantly diminished immobility time in forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). At the 100 and 200 mg/kg, EEGL did not cause significant alteration in motor activity in the open field test (OFT). Meanwhile, an increase in motor activity in male mice without remarkable difference in female mice was observed at the highest dose (400 mg/kg). Eighty percent of mice treated with 400 mg/kg survived till day 30. These findings suggest that EEGL at 100 and 200 mg/kg reduces the amount of weight gained and elicits antidepressant-like effects. Thus, EEGL might be useful for the management of obesity and depressive-like symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Precious U Ezurike
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria.
| | - Evelyn Odunola
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Tolulope A Oke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Adewale G Bakre
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Oluwayimika Olumide
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - OgoOluwa Odetoye
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Adenike M Alege
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Oyindamola O Abiodun
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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Liu X, Yang L, Li G, Jiang Y, Zhang G, Ling J. A novel promising neuroprotective agent: Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:168-180. [PMID: 36587634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nervous system diseases (NSDs) are characterized by a wide range of symptoms, a complex pathophysiology, an unclear etiology, a great deal of variation in treatment response, and lengthy therapy cycles, all of which pose considerable hurdles to clinical treatment. A traditional valuable medicine known as Ganoderma lucidum (GL) has a significant role to play in preserving health and treating diseases. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) is one of the cardinal effective active ingredients of GL, which has a number of pharmacological actions, including liver protection, immune regulation, antioxidant activity, anticancer activity, antibacterial activity, and antiviral activity. Recently, studies on the structural characterization and biological functions of GLP were presented in this article to review the progress of researches about GLP on NSDs and summarize the potential mechanisms of action. These studies were anticipated to provide new research ideas for GLP as a novel promising neuroprotective agent and provide a reference for better development and utilization of GLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Medical College, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yingnan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Jianya Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Swallah MS, Bondzie-Quaye P, Wu Y, Acheampong A, Sossah FL, Elsherbiny SM, Huang Q. Therapeutic potential and nutritional significance of Ganoderma lucidum - a comprehensive review from 2010 to 2022. Food Funct 2023; 14:1812-1838. [PMID: 36734035 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01683d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
With a long history in traditional Asian medicine, Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) is a mushroom species suggested to improve health and extend life. Its medicinal reputation has merited it with numerous attributes and titles, and it is evidenced to be effective in the prevention and treatment of various metabolic disorders owing to its unique source of bioactive metabolites, primarily polysaccharides, triterpenoids, and polyphenols, attributed with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic activities, etc. These unique potential pharmaceutical properties have led to its demand as an important resource of nutrient supplements in the food industry. It is reported that the variety of therapeutic/pharmacological properties was mainly due to its extensive prebiotic and immunomodulatory functions. All literature summarized in this study was collated based on a systematic review of electronic libraries (PubMed, Scopus databases, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar) from 2010-2022. This review presents an updated and comprehensive summary of the studies on the immunomodulatory therapies and nutritional significance of G. lucidum, with the focus on recent advances in defining its immunobiological mechanisms and the possible applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries for the prevention and management of chronic diseases. In addition, toxicological evidence and the adoption of standard pharmaceutical methods for the safety assessment, quality assurance, and efficacy testing of G. lucidum-derived compounds will be the gateway to bringing them into health establishments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Sharif Swallah
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Iron Beam Physical Biology, Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China. .,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Precious Bondzie-Quaye
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Iron Beam Physical Biology, Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China. .,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yahui Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Iron Beam Physical Biology, Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China. .,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Adolf Acheampong
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Iron Beam Physical Biology, Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China. .,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Frederick Leo Sossah
- Council For Scientific And Industrial Research (CSIR), Oil Palm Research Institute, Coconut Research Programme, P.O.Box 245, Sekondi, Ghana.,Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shereen M Elsherbiny
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Iron Beam Physical Biology, Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China. .,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 33516, Egypt
| | - Qing Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Iron Beam Physical Biology, Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China. .,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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Huang JH, Li Y, Zhang S, Zou Y, Zheng QW, Lin JF, Guo LQ. Amelioration effect of water extract from Ganoderma resinaceum FQ23 solid-state fermentation fungal substance with high-yield ergothioneine on anxiety-like insomnia mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:12925-12937. [PMID: 36445290 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01847k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a solid-state fermentation (SSF) system of Ganoderma resinaceum FQ23 with high-yield ergothioneine (EGT) was established, and the amelioration effect of the water extract from its fungal substance on anxiety-like insomnia mice was studied. The content of EGT in the G. resinaceum FQ23 SSF fungal substance increased to 1.146 ± 0.066 mg g-1 DW in the optimization tests. Besides EGT, the common functional components of the water extract from the G. resinaceum FQ23 SSF fungal substance (GSW) were determined, including triterpenoids, polysaccharides, phenols, proteins and amino acids. The animal experiments showed that GSW could alleviate the anxiety-like behavior, improve the antioxidant capacity and protect the organ structure of the anxiety-like insomnia mice. With an increase in the dose of GSW given to the anxiety-like insomnia mice, their serum 5-HT and GABA levels increased, HPA axis hormone levels significantly decreased, BDNF level notably increased, and the response level of the BDNF/CREB signaling pathway was significantly enhanced, indicating that GSW may improve neuroendocrine regulation and neuroprotection in anxiety-like insomnia mice. A 30-times dose of GSW had no acute toxicity in the normal mice. Therefore, the SSF fungal substance of G. resinaceum FQ23 is a potential dietary source for improving sleep. It can be used as a solid drink to help people who are poor sleepers and as a substitute for tea or coffee to help people who are like to drink tea or coffee and cannot sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hua Huang
- College of Food Science & Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China. .,Guangzhou Alchemy Biotechnology Co., Guangzhou 510760, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Food Science & Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China. .,Guangzhou Alchemy Biotechnology Co., Guangzhou 510760, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- College of Food Science & Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China. .,Guangzhou Alchemy Biotechnology Co., Guangzhou 510760, China
| | - Yuan Zou
- College of Food Science & Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China. .,Guangzhou Alchemy Biotechnology Co., Guangzhou 510760, China
| | - Qian-Wang Zheng
- College of Food Science & Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China. .,Guangzhou Alchemy Biotechnology Co., Guangzhou 510760, China
| | - Jun-Fang Lin
- College of Food Science & Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China. .,Guangzhou Alchemy Biotechnology Co., Guangzhou 510760, China
| | - Li-Qiong Guo
- College of Food Science & Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China. .,Guangzhou Alchemy Biotechnology Co., Guangzhou 510760, China
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Attenuation of Morphine Dependence by Ganoderma lucidum Extract in Mice. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp-123164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Opioids are the principal drugs of choice for managing acute severe pain; however, physical dependence is still reported as one of the main limiting factors in the clinical application of these drugs. In the present study, the effect of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) was assessed on morphine dependence in mice. Methods: A 19-day administration schedule was applied to induce morphine dependence in male adult NMRI mice. The mice were given intraperitoneal (i.p.) morphine sulfate once daily in an increasing dose of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg. Then, G. lucidum hydroalcoholic extract (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) was given to the mice from days 10 to 18. Another group of mice received single doses of the extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) only on the 19th day. Naloxone (3 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to precipitate withdrawal syndrome. Normal saline and diazepam (0.25 mg/kg) were used as the negative and positive controls, respectively. Results: The administration of single doses of G. lucidum extract (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased the number of jumps, leanings, and diarrhea in mice subjected to morphine dependence. The repeated administration of G. lucidum extract (25 and 50 mg/kg for nine days) significantly attenuated the number of jumps, leanings, and diarrhea in morphine-dependent mice. Conclusions: Overall, G. lucidum extract attenuates induced morphine dependence and inhibits withdrawal syndrome symptoms in mice.
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Chen T, Zhang F, Chen J, Zhong Q, Hu Y, Wu R, Xie B, Jiang Y, Chen B. Effects of Alcohol Extracts From Ganoderma resinaceum on Sleep in Mice Using Combined Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:745624. [PMID: 35165654 PMCID: PMC8837518 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.745624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma resinaceum is a valuable Chinese medicine. This study aimed to investigate whether a G. resinaceum alcohol extract (GRAE) improves sleep, and analyze the potential mechanism. After 30 days of continuous administration of GRAE at various doses, GRAE (1,000 mg/kg.bw) prolonged pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep, increased the rate of sleeping in mice treated with a subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium, and shortened sleep latency. The mice brain was analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS and RNA-sequencing. Metabolomics analysis revealed that 73 metabolites in the high-dose (HD) group had changed significantly, mainly in amino acids and their derivatives, especially the accumulation of L-glutamine and PGJ2 (11-oxo-15S-hydroxy-prosta-5Z, 9, 13E-trien-1-oic acid). Transcriptome analysis revealed 500 differential genes between HD and control groups, mainly enriched in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, amphetamine addiction, and cocaine addiction pathways. The conjoint analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome showed that the biosynthesis of L-glutamine might be regulated by Homer1, Homer3, and Grin3b. This suggests that GRAE may affect L-glutamine accumulation by regulating the expression of these genes. This study showed that GRAE may prolong the sleep time of mice by reducing the accumulation of L-glutamine and deepens our understanding of the regulatory network between certain genes and L-glutamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Mycological Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fangyi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Mycological Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Juanqin Chen
- Yongtai Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiangui Zhong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Mycological Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Mycological Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruru Wu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baogui Xie
- Mycological Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuji Jiang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Mycological Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuji Jiang
| | - Bingzhi Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Mycological Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Bingzhi Chen
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Qiu Y, Mao ZJ, Ruan YP, Zhang X. Exploration of the anti-insomnia mechanism of Ganoderma by central-peripheral multi-level interaction network analysis. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:296. [PMID: 34715778 PMCID: PMC8555286 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ganoderma (Lingzhi in Chinese) has shown good clinical outcomes in the treatment of insomnia, restlessness, and palpitation. However, the mechanism by which Ganoderma ameliorates insomnia is unclear. We explored the mechanism of the anti-insomnia effect of Ganoderma using systems pharmacology from the perspective of central-peripheral multi-level interaction network analysis. Methods The active components and central active components of Ganoderma were obtained from the TCMIP and TCMSP databases, then screened to determine their pharmacokinetic properties. The potential target genes of these components were identified using the Swiss Target Prediction and TCMSP databases. The results were matched with the insomnia target genes obtained from the GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET, and TCMIP databases. Overlapping targets were subjected to multi-level interaction network analysis and enrichment analysis using the STRING, Metascape, and BioGPS databases. The networks analysed were protein-protein interaction (PPI), drug-component-target gene, component-target gene-organ, and target gene-extended disease; we also performed gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Results In total, 34 sedative-hypnotic components (including 5 central active components) were identified, corresponding to 51 target genes. Multi-level interaction network analysis and enrichment analysis demonstrated that Ganoderma exerted an anti-insomnia effect via multiple central-peripheral mechanisms simultaneously, mainly by regulating cell apoptosis/survival and cytokine expression through core target genes such as TNF, CASP3, JUN, and HSP90αA1; it also affected immune regulation and apoptosis. Therefore, Ganoderma has potential as an adjuvant therapy for insomnia-related complications. Conclusion Ganoderma exerts an anti-insomnia effect via complex central-peripheral multi-level interaction networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road 548, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhu-Jun Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road 548, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ye-Ping Ruan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road 548, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road 548, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Ahmad R, Riaz M, Khan A, Aljamea A, Algheryafi M, Sewaket D, Alqathama A. Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) an edible mushroom; a comprehensive and critical review of its nutritional, cosmeceutical, mycochemical, pharmacological, clinical, and toxicological properties. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6030-6062. [PMID: 34411377 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reishi owes an exceptional value in nutritional, cosmeceutical, and medical treatments; however, none of the studies has provided its future-driven critical assessment. This study documents an up-to-date review (2015-2020, wherever applicable) and provide valuable insights (preclinical and clinical evidence-based) with comprehensive and critical assessments. Various databases 'Google scholar', 'Web of Science', 'ScienceDirect', 'PubMed', 'Springer Link', books, theses, and library resources were used. The taxonomic chaos of G. lucidum and its related species was discussed in detail with solution-oriented emphasis. Reishi contains polysaccharides (α/β-D-glucans), alkaloids, triterpenoids (ganoderic acids, ganoderenic acids, ganoderol, ganoderiol, lucidenic acids), sterols/ergosterol, proteins (LZ-8, LZ-9), nucleosides (adenosine, inosine, uridine), and nucleotides (guanine, adenine). Some active drugs are explored at an optimum level to make them potential drug candidates. The pharmacological potential was observed in diabetes, inflammation, epilepsy, neurodegeneration, cancer, anxiety, sedation, cardiac diseases, depression, hepatic diseases, and immune disorders; however, most of the studies are preclinical with a number of drawbacks. In particular, quality clinical data are intensely needed to support pharmacological activities for human use. The presence of numerous micro-, macro, and trace elements imparts an essential nutritional and cosmeceutical value to Reishi, and various marketed products are available already, but the clinical studies regarding safety and efficacy, interactions with foods/drinks, chronic use, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity are missing for Reishi. Reishi possesses many valuable pharmacological activities, and the number of patents and clinical trials is increasing for Reishi. Yet, a gap in research exists for Reishi, which is discussed in detail in the forthcoming sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir, Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir (U), Pakistan
| | - Aslam Khan
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Science and Health Professions, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Aljamea
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Algheryafi
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deya Sewaket
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aljawharah Alqathama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Xian H, Li J, Zhang Y, Li D, Zhu Y, Li S, Tan Z, Lin Z, Li X, Pan Y. Antimetastatic Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Peptide on B16-F10-luc-G5 Melanoma Mice With Sleep Fragmentation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:650216. [PMID: 34305583 PMCID: PMC8296642 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.650216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) polysaccharide peptide (GL-pp) is a component of the globally acknowledged traditional Chinese medicine Ganoderma lucidum; Ganoderma lucidum is known for its sedative, hypnotic, immune regulatory, antitumor, and other pharmacological effects. In recent years, sleep disorders have been linked to many diseases and human body disorders, including cancer. Some experimental studies in mice found that sleep fragmentation could promote tumor development and progression. However, effects on GL-pp on tumor metastasis under circumstances of sleep disorders have rarely been studied. Thus, in this study, we used mice with sleep fragmentation (SF) bearing B16-F10-luc-G5 melanoma tumors to investigate the effect of SF on melanoma metastasis. Furthermore, we investigated the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of GL-pp (80 mg/kg) in mice suffering from SF and bearing B16-F10-luc-G5. Then, whole proteomics was used to analyze the differences in protein expression in the lung tissue between SF mice bearing B16-F10-luc-G5 with and without GL-pp administration. High-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA was also used to analyze the impact of GL-pp on the gut microbiota composition in SF mice bearing B16-F10-luc-G5. Last, the effects of GL-pp on macrophage polarization and TNF-α serum levels were detected. Collectively, we found that SF significantly facilitated the B16-F10-luc-G5 melanoma tumor metastasis in mice, while GL-pp significantly reduced B16-F10-luc-G5 melanoma tumor metastasis under the condition of SF, in which proteomics and gut microbiota had been changed greatly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Xian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ditian Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhelun Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Yao C, Wang Z, Jiang H, Yan R, Huang Q, Wang Y, Xie H, Zou Y, Yu Y, Lv L. Ganoderma lucidum promotes sleep through a gut microbiota-dependent and serotonin-involved pathway in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13660. [PMID: 34211003 PMCID: PMC8249598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92913-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal mushroom used in traditional Chinese medicine with putative tranquilizing effects. However, the component of G. lucidum that promotes sleep has not been clearly identified. Here, the effect and mechanism of the acidic part of the alcohol extract of G. lucidum mycelia (GLAA) on sleep were studied in mice. Administration of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg GLAA for 28 days promoted sleep in pentobarbital-treated mice by shortening sleep latency and prolonging sleeping time. GLAA administration increased the levels of the sleep-promoting neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine and the Tph2, Iptr3 and Gng13 transcripts in the sleep-regulating serotonergic synapse pathway in the hypothalamus during this process. Moreover, GLAA administration reduced lipopolysaccharide and raised peptidoglycan levels in serum. GLAA-enriched gut bacteria and metabolites, including Bifidobacterium, Bifidobacterium animalis, indole-3-carboxylic acid and acetylphosphate were negatively correlated with sleep latency and positively correlated with sleeping time and the hypothalamus 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration. Both the GLAA sleep promotion effect and the altered faecal metabolites correlated with sleep behaviours disappeared after gut microbiota depletion with antibiotics. Our results showed that GLAA promotes sleep through a gut microbiota-dependent and serotonin-associated pathway in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Health Food, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Animal Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ren Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianfei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Health Food, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Health Food, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Animal Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Health Food, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Longxian Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhang Y, Cai H, Tao Z, Yuan C, Jiang Z, Liu J, Kurihara H, Xu W. Ganoderma lucidum spore oil (GLSO), a novel antioxidant, extends the average life span in Drosophila melanogaster. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Effects of a Combination of Elderberry and Reishi Extracts on the Duration and Severity of Respiratory Tract Infections in Elderly Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Trial. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10228259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Elderly people are particularly vulnerable to respiratory tract infections, so natural strategies to ameliorate the duration and severity of these infections are of great interest in this population. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the consumption of a combination of elderberry and reishi extracts on the incidence, severity, and duration of respiratory tract infections in a group of healthy elderly volunteers. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study was performed during the winter season. A group of 60 nursing home residents ≥65 years of age was randomly assigned to receive a combination of 1.5 g of elderberry +0.5 g of reishi or a placebo daily for 14 weeks. Data about the health conditions of the volunteers were evaluated and recorded by a medical doctor every 2 weeks. The incidence of respiratory infections was similar in both groups. However, volunteers in the extract group presented a significantly lower duration of common cold events (2.5 vs. 4.8 days, p = 0.033).and a significantly lower probability of having a high severity influenza-like illness event (p = 0.039). Moreover, the incidence of sleep disturbances was significantly lower in the extract group (p = 0.049). Therefore, the administration of a combination of elderberry and reishi extracts to the elderly population during the winter season might be used as a natural strategy to reduce the duration and severity of respiratory tract infections.
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Ganoderma lucidum Ameliorates Neurobehavioral Changes and Oxidative Stress Induced by Ethanol Binge Drinking. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2497845. [PMID: 32802260 PMCID: PMC7415090 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2497845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum, mushroom used for centuries by Asian peoples as food supplement, has been shown interesting biological activities, including over the Central Nervous System. Besides, these mushroom bioactive compounds present antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. On the side, binge drinking paradigm consists of ethanol exposure that reflects the usual consumption of adolescents, which elicits deleterious effects, determined by high ethanol consumption, in a short period. In this study, we investigated whether the Aqueous Extract of G. lucidum (AEGl) reduces the behavioral disorders induced by alcohol. Male (n = 30) and female Wistar rats (n = 40), seventy-two days old, were used for behavioral/biochemical and oral toxicity test, respectively. Animals were exposed to 5 binges (beginning at 35 days old) of ethanol (3 g/kg/day) or distilled water. Twenty-four hours after the last binge administration, animals received AEGl (100 mg/kg/day) or distilled water for three consecutive days. After treatment protocol, open field, elevated plus maze, forced swim, and step-down inhibitory avoidance tests were performed. Oxidative stress parameters were measured to evaluate the REDOX balance. Our results demonstrated that AEGl elicited the recovery of spontaneous horizontal exploration capacity, anxiogenic- and depressive-profile, as well as short-term memory damage induced by binge-ethanol exposure. The behavioral effects of the extract were associated to the reequilibrium of the animals' REDOX balance. Thus, AEGl, a medicinal mushroom, ameliorates behavioral alteration on a model of motor, cognitive and psychiatric-like disorders induced by binge drinking paradigm and emerges as a useful tool as a food supplement in the management of disorders of alcoholic origin.
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17
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Metabolic regulation of Ganoderma lucidum extracts in high sugar and fat diet-induced obese mice by regulating the gut-brain axis. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Geng X, Zhong D, Su L, Lin Z, Yang B. Preventive and therapeutic effect of Ganoderma lucidum on kidney injuries and diseases. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2019; 87:257-276. [PMID: 32089235 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum, Lingzhi) is a well-known Chinese traditional medicine to improve health and to treat numerous diseases for over 2000 years in Asian countries. G. lucidum has the abundant chemical components such as triterpenes and polysaccharides, which have various biological activities including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-liver disorders, anti-tumor growth and metastasis, etc. Recently, many lines of studies have elucidated the therapeutic effects of G. lucidum and its extractions on various acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) pathogenesis, including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, renal proximal tubular cell oxidative damage and fibrotic process, renal ischemia reperfusion injury, cisplatin-induced renal injury, adriamycin-induced nephropathy, chronic proteinuric renal diseases, etc. Clinical researches also showed potent anti-renal disease bioactivities of G. lucidum. In this chapter, we review experimental and clinical researches and provide comprehensive insights into the renoprotective effects of G. lucidum. In recent years, renal diseases have gradually aroused attention on account of their booming prevalence worldwide and lack of effective therapies. Although the complicated pathogenesis of kidney diseases, such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney diseases (CKD) have been intensively studied. The morbidity and mortality of AKI and CKD still rise continuously. Thanks to the conventional experience and the multi-target characteristics, natural products have been increasingly recognized as an alternative source for treating renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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Shi R, Han Y, Yan Y, Qiao HY, He J, Lian WW, Xia CY, Li TL, Zhang WK, Xu JK. Loganin Exerts Sedative and Hypnotic Effects via Modulation of the Serotonergic System and GABAergic Neurons. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:409. [PMID: 31068813 PMCID: PMC6491506 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corni fructus, the fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., has been used as a tonic for the kidney in China for thousands of years. Loganin is one of the major constituents derived from Corni fructus. In this study, we revealed the sedative and hypnotic activity of loganin and investigated its mechanisms for the first time. Pentobarbital-induced sleep test and insomnia mice models [induced by caffeine and p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA)] were used for the assessment of sedative and hypnotic effects of loganin. It was found that loganin (20–50 mg/kg) exerted sedative effect in normal mice. Loganin exhibited hypnotic effect by increasing sleep onset and sleep duration in pentobarbital-treated mice, recovering PCPA-induced insomnia and exerting synergistic hypnosis effect with 5-HTP. In addition, electroencephalograph (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) recordings of rats showed that loganin (35 mg/kg) prolonged the ratio of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and shortened wakefulness significantly, further immunohistochemistry showed that loganin (35 mg/kg) increased c-Fos expression in GABAergic neurons of rats in the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO). The levels of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and its metabolite were measured in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and striatum of mice, 1 h after loganin (35 mg/kg) treatment. 5-HT, 5-HIAA/5-HT, DA, and DOPAC were decreased significantly in the prefrontal cortex. In conclusion, these results indicated that loganin produced beneficial sedative and hypnotic activity, which might be mainly mediated by modification of the serotonergic system and GABAergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shi
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Han
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Yi Qiao
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Wen Lian
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cong-Yuan Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Li Li
- School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wei-Ku Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie-Kun Xu
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Zeng P, Chen Y, Zhang L, Xing M. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide used for treating physical frailty in China. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 163:179-219. [PMID: 31030748 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is an edible medicinal mushroom known as "Lingzhi" in China and "Reishi or Manetake" in Japan. It is a highly prized vitality-enhancing herb for >2000 years. G. lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) has been identified as one of the major bioactive components and developed into a drug named "Ji 731 Injection" in China since 1973. The large-scale production of the drug began in 1985 and approved by the Chinese FDA as "Polysacharidum of G. lucidum Karst Injection in 2000, which is applied intramuscularly. After more than 40 years of clinical use, its efficacy, safety, and long-term tolerability have been recognized by neurologists. It is one of a few non-hormonal drugs used for treating neurosis, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, atrophic myotonia and muscular dystrophy. It is also used for combination therapy, which reduces the amount of glucocorticoid required for myopathy patient who is in remission. In addition, it reduces adverse reactions and improves the quality of life for cancer patients during chemotherapy. We found 81 qualified chemical, biochemical, preclinical, and clinical studies of GLPS both in English and Chinese spanning from 1973 to 2017 by searching CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), Wan Fang, and PubMed databases. The molecular mechanisms underlying GLPS's antioxidant, anti-tumor, immune-modulatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and other activities are discussed. Both preclinical and clinical studies are either deliberated or indexed in current article. We aimed to provide a molecular picture as well as a clinical basis to comprehend GLPS as one of few polysaccharide-based modern medicines with complicated chemical and pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjiao Zeng
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yulong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Maoqing Xing
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Feizi F, Namazi N, Rahimi R, Ayati MH. Medicinal Plants for Management of Insomnia: A Systematic Review of Animal and Human Studies. Galen Med J 2019; 8:e1085. [PMID: 34466460 PMCID: PMC8343774 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v8i0.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insomnia is one of the most troubling sleep disorders and can be characterized by an inability to fall asleep and/or inadequate sleep duration and/or waking up multiple times during the night. Herbal medicine has been used to treat a range of sleep disorders for centuries. This study aimed to review medicinal plants investigated experimentally or clinically for sleep disorders, as well as their potential mechanisms of action and active components. Electronic databases and literature were systematically investigated to assess all in vitro and in vivo trials and clinical evidence of the efficacy and potential mechanisms of actions playing major roles in sleep induction or insomnia treatment. Among many herbal studies and trials on insomnia, some showed no significant difference between herbal remedies and placebos. While others showed improvements in sleep parameters (sleep latency, total sleep, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration, delta activity in NREM sleep, wakefulness anxiety-associated insomnia). In this study, in vitro, animal, and clinical studies investigating a variety of herbal treatments for insomnia were systematically reviewed. The mechanisms of action of herbal medicines in treating insomnia are mainly related to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-synthesizing and GABA-metabolizing enzymes that influenced sleep outcomes. Overall, herbal remedies were not associated with more benefits than nonbenzodiazepines, although side effects were less. The results suggest that herbs have some benefits in improving the quantity and quality of sleep and could be a promising alternative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Feizi
- School of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazli Namazi
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular- Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ayati
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Correspondence to: Mohammad Hossein Ayati, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Telephone Number: +982188990837 Email Address:
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Ahmad MF. Ganoderma lucidum: Persuasive biologically active constituents and their health endorsement. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:507-519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Zeng P, Guo Z, Zeng X, Hao C, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Liu Y, Li H, Li J, Zhang L. Chemical, biochemical, preclinical and clinical studies of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide as an approved drug for treating myopathy and other diseases in China. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3278-3297. [PMID: 29691994 PMCID: PMC6010762 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is an edible medicinal mushroom known as "Lingzhi" in China and "Reishi or Manetake" in Japan. It is a highly prized vitality-enhancing herb for more than 2000 years. G. lucidum polysaccharide (GLPS) has been identified as one of the major bioactive components and developed into a drug named "Ji 731 Injection" in China since 1973. The large-scale production of the drug began in 1985 and approved by the Chinese FDA as "Polysaccharidum of G. lucidum Karst Injection" (Ling Bao Duo Tang Zhu She Ye) in 2000, which is applied intramuscularly. After more than forty years of clinical use, its efficacy, safety and long-term tolerability have been recognized by neurologists. It is one of a few non-hormonal drugs used for treating refractory myopathy. It is also used for combination therapy, which reduces the amount of glucocorticoid required for myopathy patient who is in remission. In addition, it reduces adverse reactions and improves the quality of life for cancer patients during chemotherapy. We found 81 qualified chemical, biochemical, preclinical and clinical studies of GLPS both in English and in Chinese spanning from 1973 to 2017 by searching CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), Wanfang database and PubMed. The molecular mechanisms underlying GLPS's antioxidant, anti-tumour, immune-modulatory, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidaemic and other activities are discussed. Both preclinical and clinical studies are either deliberated or indexed in the current article. We aimed at providing a molecular picture as well as a clinical basis to comprehend GLPS as one of few polysaccharide-based modern medicines with complicated chemical and pharmacological properties that prevent it from entering the world's market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjiao Zeng
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- School of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina
| | - Zhihua Guo
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Cui Hao
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yiran Zhang
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Meng Zhang
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- School of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina
| | - Yong Liu
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- School of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina
| | - Hui Li
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Juan Li
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Systems Biology & Medical Center for Complex DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- School of Medicine and PharmacyOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina
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Qiao H, Ye X, Bai X, He J, Li T, Zhang J, Zhang W, Xu J. Theacrine: A purine alkaloid from Camellia assamica var. kucha with a hypnotic property via the adenosine system. Neurosci Lett 2017; 659:48-53. [PMID: 28864241 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Theacrine (l,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid), a purine alkaloid from Camellia assamica var. kucha, has diverse pharmacological properties, including sedative and hypnotic activities, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, antidepressant effects, and a protective effect against stress-provoked liver damage. The present study aims to investigate the possible mechanism of the hypnotic activity of theacrine. The results revealed that theacrine significantly enhanced pentobarbital-induced sleep at a dose of 3.0mg/kg (i.g.) in mice. Sleep parameter analysis by EEG and EMG showed that theacrine obviously shortened wake time and increased NREM sleep time and that theacrine almost had no effect on REM sleep. Meanwhile, theacrine markedly attenuated caffeine (a nonselective antagonist of adenosine receptor)-induced insomnia. In pretreatment with the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist DPCPX and the A2A receptor antagonist SCH 58261, theacrine significantly reversed the decrease in sleeping time in pentobarbital-treated mice. In addition, theacrine also markedly increased the adenosine content in the hippocampus of rats. These results suggested that theacrine might mediate the adenosine system to augment pentobarbital-induced sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyi Qiao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiansheng Ye
- School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bai
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tingli Li
- School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weiku Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jiekun Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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25
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Hu Y, Ahmed S, Li J, Luo B, Gao Z, Zhang Q, Li X, Hu X. Improved ganoderic acids production in Ganoderma lucidum by wood decaying components. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46623. [PMID: 28422185 PMCID: PMC5395960 DOI: 10.1038/srep46623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is a legendary Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) over a few thousands of years and one kind of its major active components are Ganoderic acids (GAs). GAs are largely produced in the mushroom primordium and fruiting body but much less in mycelium stage. However, little is known on the underlying regulatory mechanism. As a saprophytic fungus, G. lucidum solely obtains nutrients by wood decaying. Wood in general contains sophisticated chemical components with diverse structural units. To explore a strategy that extensively leads to GAs induction in the submerged liquid fermentation, all chemical components that might be possibly from the wood decaying were tested individually as GAs inducers. It was found that GAs production increased 85.96% by 1.5% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and 63.90% by 0.5% D-galactose. The transcription level of a few rate-limiting or chemically diverting enzymes responsible for GAs biosynthesis was greatly induced by MCC and D-galactose. The concentration and time-course titration study indicated that these two chemicals might not be utilized as carbon sources but they played a comprehensive role in the secondary metabolites synthesis. Our data indicated that MCC and D-galactose might be further industrialized for higher GAs production in G. lucidum in submerged fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Hu
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Shakeel Ahmed
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Biaobiao Luo
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Zengyan Gao
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Qiyun Zhang
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Xuebo Hu
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,Biomedical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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The effects of Jiao-Tai-Wan on sleep, inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity-resistant rats with chronic partial sleep deprivation. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:165. [PMID: 28335761 PMCID: PMC5364582 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Jiao-Tai-Wan (JTW), composed of Rhizome Coptidis and Cortex Cinnamomi, is a classical traditional Chinese prescription for treating insomnia. Several in vivo studies have concluded that JTW could exert its therapeutical effect in insomnia rats. However, the specific mechanism is still unclear. The present study aimed to explore the effect of JTW on sleep in obesity-resistant (OR) rats with chronic partial sleep deprivation (PSD) and to clarify its possible mechanism. Methods JTW was prepared and the main components contained in the granules were identified by 3D-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (3D-HPLC) assay. The Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent 4 h PSD by environmental noise and the treatment with low and high doses of JTW orally for 4 weeks, respectively. Then sleep structure was analyzed by electroencephalographic (EEG). Inflammation markers including high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were examined in the rat plasma. Meanwhile, metabolic parameters as body weight increase rate, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS) levels and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were measured. The expressions of clock gene cryptochromes (Cry1 and Cry2) and inflammation gene nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in peripheral blood monocyte cells (PBMC) were also determined. Results The result showed that the administration of JTW significantly increased total sleep time and total slow wave sleep (SWS) time in OR rats with PSD. Furthermore, the treatment with JTW reversed the increase in the markers of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance caused by sleep loss. These changes were also associated with the up-regulation of Cry1 mRNA and Cry 2 mRNA and the down-regulation of NF-κB mRNA expression in PBMC. Conclusions This study suggests that JTW has the beneficial effects of improving sleep, inflammation and insulin sensitivity. The mechanism appears to be related to the modulation of circadian clock and inflammation genes expressions in PBMC.
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Huang YL, Cui SY, Cui XY, Cao Q, Ding H, Song JZ, Hu X, Ye H, Yu B, Sheng ZF, Wang ZJ, Zhang YH. Tetrandrine, an alkaloid from S. tetrandra exhibits anti-hypertensive and sleep-enhancing effects in SHR via different mechanisms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1821-1829. [PMID: 27912885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders have been found to be associated with hypertension in both cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies. Tetrandrine, a major component of Stephania tetrandra, is well known as an antihypertensive agent. The anti-hypertension mechanism mainly relies on its L-type calcium channel blocking property. In the previous study, tetrandrine revealed both anti-hypertension and hypnotic effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). PURPOSE This study aims to elucidate whether the antihypertensive mechanism of tetrandrine in SHRs is relevant to its hypnotic effect. DESIGN/METHODS Sleep-wake behavior of the SHRs was detected by electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) recordings. Blood pressure was measured by noninvasive blood pressure tail cuff test. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the noradrenergic neuronal activity. The level of norepinephrine (NE) was detected by HPLC-ECD. RESULTS Amlodipine (100mg/kg, i.g.), the well-known L-type Ca2+ channel blockers (CCBs) exhibited remarkable antihypertensive activities in SHRs, but did not show effects on sleep of SHRs. Tetrandrine (30 and 60mg/kg/day, i.g.) significantly suppressed blood pressure of SHRs. Meanwhile, tetrandrine (60mg/kg/day, i.g.) remarkably increased non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) time, bouts and mean duration. The hypnotic effect of tetrandrine was potentiated by prazosin (0.5mg/kg, i.p.) but attenuated by yohimbine (2mg/kg, i.p.). Administration of tetrandrine (60mg/kg/day, i.g.) not only significantly decreased c-Fos positive ratio of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC), but also significantly decrease NE in the endogenous sleep-wake regulating pathways including LC, hypothalamus and ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO). CONCLUSION In spite of a good potency in blocking L-type Ca2+ channel, the hypnotic effects of tetrandrine may be related to its suppressing effects on the noradrenergic system other than to block calcium channels. As a multi-targets drug, tetrandrine might be favorable to the hypertension patients who suffered poor sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Li Huang
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Su-Ying Cui
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Cui
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Song
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhao-Fu Sheng
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zi-Jun Wang
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong-He Zhang
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Wang X, Huang Y, Radha Krishna L, Puvanendran R. Role of the Nasogastric Tube and Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) in Palliative Care. J Pain Symptom Manage 2016; 51:794-799. [PMID: 26891608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Decision-making on behalf of an incapacitated patient at the end of life is a complex process, particularly in family-centric societies. The situation is more complex when attempts are made to accommodate Eastern concepts of end-of-life care with more conventional Western approaches. In this case report of an incapacitated 74-year-old Singaporean man of Malay descent with relapsed Stage 4 diffuse large B cell lymphoma who was without an established lasting power of attorney, we highlight the difficult deliberations that ensue when the patient's family, acting as his proxy, elected to administer lingzhi through his nasogastric tube (NGT). Focusing on the questions pertaining to end-of-life decision-making in Asia, we consider the issues surrounding the use of NGT and lingzhi in palliative care (PC) and the implementation of NGT for administering lingzhi in a PC setting, particularly in light of a dearth of data on such treatment measures among PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Youyi Huang
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lalit Radha Krishna
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rukshini Puvanendran
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
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Shi MM, Piao JH, Xu XL, Zhu L, Yang L, Lin FL, Chen J, Jiang JG. Chinese medicines with sedative-hypnotic effects and their active components. Sleep Med Rev 2015; 29:108-18. [PMID: 26866454 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The main pharmacological effects of sedative agents are sedation, hypnosis, antianxiety, and antidepression. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of clinical experience in treating insomnia. This review focuses mainly on the role of active ingredients from TCM in the treatment of insomnia. Single herbs and their active ingredients from TCM with hypnotic effects are summarized through reviewing the relevant literature published in the past 20 y. The active ingredients are divided into alkaloids, terpenoids, and volatile oils, flavonoids, lignanoids and coumarins, saponins, and others. Current studies on TCM in treating insomnia are described from the aspects of active ingredients, sources, experimental models and methods, results, and mechanisms. In addition, Chinese compound prescriptions developed from a variety of single herbs with sedative-hypnotic effects are introduced. The acting pathways of TCM are covered from the perspectives of regulating central neurotransmitters, influencing sleep-related cytokines, and improving the structure of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Man Shi
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jin-Hua Piao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xi-Lin Xu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fu-Lan Lin
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jian Chen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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30
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Shah FK, Na SS, Chong MS, Woo JH, Kwon YO, Lee MK, Oh KW. Poria cocos ethanol extract and its active constituent, pachymic acid, modulate sleep architectures via activation of GABAA-ergic transmission in rats. J Biomed Res 2015. [DOI: 10.12729/jbr.2015.16.3.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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31
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Bishop KS, Kao CHJ, Xu Y, Glucina MP, Paterson RRM, Ferguson LR. From 2000years of Ganoderma lucidum to recent developments in nutraceuticals. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 114:56-65. [PMID: 25794896 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal mushrooms have been used for centuries as nutraceuticals to improve health and to treat numerous chronic and infectious diseases. One such mushroom is Ganoderma lucidum, commonly known as Lingzhi, a species revered as a medicinal mushroom for treating assorted diseases and prolonging life. The fungus is found in diverse locations, and this may have contributed to confusion regarding the correct taxonomic classification of the genus Ganoderma. G. lucidum was first used to name a specimen found in England and thereafter was naively applied to a different Ganoderma species found in Asia, commonly known as Chinese Lingzhi. Despite the taxonomic confusion, which has largely been uncorrected, the popularity of Lingzhi has escalated across the globe. The current taxonomic situation is now discussed accurately in this Special Issue on Ganoderma. Today it is a multi-billion dollar industry wherein Lingzhi is cultivated or collected from the wild and consumed as a tea, in alcoholic beverages, and as a nutraceutical to confer numerous health benefits. Consumption of nutraceuticals has grown in popularity, and it is becoming increasingly important that active ingredients be identified and that suppliers make substantiated health claims about their products. The objective of this article is to present a review of G. lucidum over the past 2000 years from prized ancient "herbal" remedy to its use in nutraceuticals and to the establishment of a 2.5 billion $ (US) industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S Bishop
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Chi H J Kao
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yuanye Xu
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | | | - R Russell M Paterson
- IBB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lynnette R Ferguson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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32
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Zhou FJ, Nian Y, Yan Y, Gong Y, Luo Q, Zhang Y, Hou B, Zuo ZL, Wang SM, Jiang HH, Yang J, Cheng YX. Two New Classes of T-Type Calcium Channel Inhibitors with New Chemical Scaffolds from Ganoderma cochlear. Org Lett 2015; 17:3082-5. [PMID: 26024438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jiao Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China,
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yin Nian
- Key
Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, and Ion
Channel Research and Drug Development Center, Kunming Institute of
Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, P.R. China
| | - Yongming Yan
- State
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China,
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Ye Gong
- Key
Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, and Ion
Channel Research and Drug Development Center, Kunming Institute of
Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, P.R. China
| | - Qi Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China,
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China,
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
| | - Bo Hou
- State
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China,
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Li Zuo
- State
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China,
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - He-Hai Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, and Ion
Channel Research and Drug Development Center, Kunming Institute of
Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, and Ion
Channel Research and Drug Development Center, Kunming Institute of
Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, P.R. China
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China,
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
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Zeng Y, Yang J, Du J, Pu X, Yang X, Yang S, Yang T. Strategies of Functional Foods Promote Sleep in Human Being. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 9:148-155. [PMID: 26005400 PMCID: PMC4440346 DOI: 10.2174/1574362410666150205165504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sleep is a vital segment of life, however, the mechanisms of diet promoting sleep are
unclear and are the focus of research. Insomnia is a general sleep disorder and functional foods are
known to play a key role in the prevention of insomnia. A number of studies have demonstrated that
major insomnia risk factors in human being are less functional foods in dietary. There are higher
functional components in functional foods promoting sleep, including tryptophan, GABA, calcium,
potassium, melatonin, pyridoxine, L-ornithine and hexadecanoic acid; but wake-promoting neurochemical
factors include serotonin, noradrenalin, acetylcholine, histamine, orexin and so on. The factors promoting sleep in human
being are the functional foods include barley grass powder, whole grains, maca, panax, Lingzhi, asparagus powder,
lettuce, cherry, kiwifruits, walnut, schisandra wine, and milk; Barley grass powder with higher GABA and calcium, as
well as potassium is the most ideal functional food promoting sleep, however, the sleep duration for modern humans is
associated with food structure of ancient humans. In this review, we put forward possible mechanisms of functional
components in foods promoting sleep. Although there is clear relevance between sleep and diet, their molecular
mechanisms need to be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zeng
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - Jiazhen Yang
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, P.R. China; ; Kuming Tiankang Science & Technology Limited Company, Kunming 650231, P.R. China
| | - Juan Du
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Pu
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomen Yang
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - Shuming Yang
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, P.R. China
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Wang ZJ, Zhang XQ, Cui XY, Cui SY, Yu B, Sheng ZF, Li SJ, Cao Q, Huang YL, Xu YP, Zhang YH. Glucocorticoid receptors in the locus coeruleus mediate sleep disorders caused by repeated corticosterone treatment. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9442. [PMID: 25801728 PMCID: PMC4371174 DOI: 10.1038/srep09442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress induced constant increase of cortisol level may lead to sleep disorder, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here we described a novel model to investigate stress mimicked sleep disorders induced by repetitive administration of corticosterone (CORT). After 7 days treatment of CORT, rats showed significant sleep disturbance, meanwhile, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) level was notably lowered in locus coeruleus (LC). We further discovered the activation of noradrenergic neuron in LC, the suppression of GABAergic neuron in ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO), the remarkable elevation of norepinephrine in LC, VLPO and hypothalamus, as well as increase of tyrosine hydroxylase in LC and decrease of glutamic acid decarboxylase in VLPO after CORT treatment. Microinjection of GR antagonist RU486 into LC reversed the CORT-induced sleep changes. These results suggest that GR in LC may play a key role in stress-related sleep disorders and support the hypothesis that repeated CORT treatment may decrease GR levels and induce the activation of noradrenergic neurons in LC, consequently inhibit GABAergic neurons in VLPO and result in sleep disorders. Our findings provide novel insights into the effect of stress-inducing agent CORT on sleep and GRs' role in sleep regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xue-Qiong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Su-Ying Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhao-Fu Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan-Li Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ya-Ping Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong-He Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing 100191, China
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Two-stage extraction of antitumor, antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase compounds from Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. J Supercrit Fluids 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zhang J, Yu B, Zhang XQ, Sheng ZF, Li SJ, Wang ZJ, Cui XY, Cui SY, Zhang YH. Tetrandrine, an antihypertensive alkaloid, improves the sleep state of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 151:729-732. [PMID: 24269338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix of Stephania tetrandrae S. Moore has been used since antiquity in China as an antirheumatic, antihypertension, analgesic and antipyretic agent. Tetrandrine is the major component of Stephania tetrandrae. This study aims to evaluate the antihypertensive and hypnotic effect of tetrandrine on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the possible mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) were recorded in freely moving rats and the sleep parameters were analyzed with SleepSign software. The levels of serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and their metabolites were examined to investigate the underlying mechanisms by using HPLC-ECD. Blood pressure was measured by noninvasive blood pressure tail cuff test. RESULTS Tetrandrine (100mg/kg, i.g.) significantly suppressed blood pressure of SHR rats day by day during three days treatment. Meanwhile, tetrandrine remarkably improved the sleep efficiency by increasing total sleep time, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep (including deep sleep and light sleep) time from the first day. Three days treatment of tetrandrine induced 5-HT concentration decrease in DRN, 5-HIAA concentration increase in LC and 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio increase in VTA and LC. In contrast, no changes in NE and DA concentrations in the DRN, VTA and LC occurred in SHR after tetrandrine treatment. These results indicate that modulation of 5-HT, its metabolite 5-HIAA and the 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio in DRN, VTA and LC are likely the mechanism of antihypertensive and hypnotic effects of tetrandrine at least in part. CONCLUSION This is the first observation that tetrandrine possesses both anti-hypertension and hypnotic effects in SHR and suggested that tetrandrine may be useful for the treatment of hypertension patients who accompanied with short sleep time and poor sleep efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department Of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department Of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xue-Qiong Zhang
- Department Of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhao-Fu Sheng
- Department Of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Li
- Department Of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zi-Jun Wang
- Department Of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Cui
- Department Of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Su-Ying Cui
- Department Of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong-He Zhang
- Department Of Pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Lu, Beijing 100191, China.
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