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Bronowicka-Adamska P, Kaczor-Kamińska M, Wróbel M, Bentke-Imiolek A. Differences in nonoxidative sulfur metabolism between normal human breast MCF-12A and adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell lines. Anal Biochem 2024; 687:115434. [PMID: 38141799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the role of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the development of breast cancer. The capacity of cells to generate H2S and the activity and expression of the main enzymes (cystathionine beta synthase; CBS, cystathionase γ-lyase; CGL, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase; MPST and thiosulfate sulfurtransferase; TST) involved in H2S metabolism were analyzed using an in vitro model of a non-tumourigenic breast cell line (MCF-12A) and a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7). In both cell lines, MPST, CGL, and TST expression was confirmed at the mRNA (RT-PCR) and the protein (Western Blot) level, while CBS expression was detected only in MCF-7 cells. Elevated levels of GSH, sulfane sulfur and increased CBS and TST activity were presented in the MCF-7 compared to the MCF-12A cells. It appears that cysteine might be mainly a substrate for GSH synthesis in breast adenocarcinoma. Increased capacity of the cells to generate H2S was shown for MCF-12A compared to MCF-7 cell line. Results suggest an important function of CBS in H2S metabolism in breast adenocarcinoma. The presented work may contribute to further research on new therapeutic possibilities for breast cancer - one of the most frequently diagnosed types of cancer among women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Kaczor-Kamińska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Poland(1)
| | - Maria Wróbel
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Poland(1)
| | - Anna Bentke-Imiolek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Poland(1)
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Onbasli D, Yuvali G. In vitro medicinal potentials of Bryum capillare, a moss sample, from Turkey. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 28:478-483. [PMID: 33424330 PMCID: PMC7783631 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study has highlighted the medicinal importance of Bryum capillare (BC), a moss sample, from Turkey, as a source of compounds with antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, antigenotoxic and anticancer properties. Even though several studies are present in the literature especially about the antibacterial and antifungal activities of bryophyte samples, very few reports on a wide range of their therapeutic effects were published until now. To the best of our knowledge, these results are the first results about the wide range of activities of this bryophyte sample collected from Turkey. The data available on bioactive compounds, therapeutic potential of BC suggests that they can be regarded as valuable natural products to moss-based pharmaceuticals that can be used in the prevention and treatment of various diseases.
In this study was conducted the in vitro antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, antigenotoxic and anticancer activities investigations on the moss Bryum capillare Hedw (BC). Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity were tested by MIC and microplate biofilm methods on antibiotic resistant bacteria. While the antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated by DPPH, metal chelating, plasma lipid peroxidation and total phenolic content, the antigenotoxicity and cytotoxicity were established by Comet test and the WST-1 Cell proliferation assay kit respectively. The MIC values were found to be ≥ 125 µg.mL−1 and a biofilm inhibition of 3–5% against only S. epidermidis was observed. Total phenolic compounds were determined as 23.26 mg/g. The results of DPPH assay, chelating and plasma lipid peroxidation activity were found to be 15%, 3% and 4% respectively. The extract was observed to decrease the affect of H2O2 that cause DNA damage. The BC was also determined 60 ± 5% anticancer activity against SKBR 3 and 76 ± 5% anticancer activity against HeLa cells, where this concentration had only 18 ± 5% cytotoxicity against MCF-12A cells. Also, these results have indicated the potential of Bryum capillare for the first time in novel natural compounds search.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilsad Onbasli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Yuvali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Zonyane S, Fawole OA, la Grange C, Stander MA, Opara UL, Makunga NP. The Implication of Chemotypic Variation on the Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Cancer Activities of Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R.Br. (Fabaceae) from Different Geographic Locations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E152. [PMID: 32069826 PMCID: PMC7070296 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracts of Sutherlandia frutescens (cancer bush) exhibit considerable qualitative and quantitative chemical variability depending on their natural wild origins. The purpose of this study was thus to determine bioactivity of extracts from different regions using in vitro antioxidant and anti-cancer assays. Extracts of the species are complex and are predominantly composed of a species-specific set of triterpene saponins (cycloartanol glycosides), the sutherlandiosides, and flavonoids (quercetin and kaempferol glycosides), the sutherlandins. For the Folin-Ciocalteu phenolics test values of 93.311 to 125.330 mg GAE/g DE were obtained. The flavonoids ranged from 54.831 to 66.073 mg CE/g DE using the aluminum chloride assay. Extracts from different sites were also assayed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging method and ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP) methods. This was followed by an in vitro Cell Titer-Glo viability assay of various ecotypes using the DLD-1 colon cancer cell line. All test extracts displayed anti-oxidant activity through the DPPH• radical scavenging mechanism, with IC50 values ranging from 3.171 to 7.707 µg·mL-1. However, the degree of anti-oxidant effects differed on a chemotypic basis with coastal plants from Gansbaai and Pearly Beach (Western Cape) exhibiting superior activity whereas the Victoria West inland group from the Northern Cape, consistently showed the weakest anti-oxidant activity for both the DPPH• and FRAP methods. All extracts showed cytotoxicity on DLD-1 colon cancer cells at the test concentration of 200 µg·mL-1 but Sutherlandia plants from Colesburg (Northern Cape) exhibited the highest anti-cancer activity. These findings confirm that S. frutescens specimens display variability in their bioactive capacities based on their natural location, illustrating the importance of choosing relevant ecotypes for medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samkele Zonyane
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Merriman Avenue, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; (S.Z.); (C.l.G.)
| | - Olaniyi A. Fawole
- South African Research Chair in Postharvest Technology, Department of Horticultural Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Merriman Avenue, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; (O.A.F.); (U.L.O.)
- Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Chris la Grange
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Merriman Avenue, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; (S.Z.); (C.l.G.)
| | - Maria A. Stander
- Central Analytical Facility, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Merriman Avenue, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa;
| | - Umezuruike L. Opara
- South African Research Chair in Postharvest Technology, Department of Horticultural Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Merriman Avenue, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; (O.A.F.); (U.L.O.)
| | - Nokwanda P. Makunga
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Merriman Avenue, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; (S.Z.); (C.l.G.)
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Chen L, Xu M, Gong Z, Zonyane S, Xu S, Makunga NP. Comparative cardio and developmental toxicity induced by the popular medicinal extract of Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R.Br. detected using a zebrafish Tuebingen embryo model. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:273. [PMID: 30290800 PMCID: PMC6173916 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Sutherlandia frutescens is one of the most promising commercialized, indigenous and medicinal plants of South Africa that is used as an immune-booster, and a traditional treatment for cancer. However, few studies report on its toxicology and dosage in vivo. There is still room to better understand its cytotoxicity effects in animal systems. Methods We prepared two extracts, one with 80% (v/v) ethanol, and the other, with water. Both were studied to determine the maximum tolerable concentration when extracts were applied at 0 to 200 μg/ml to a Tuebingen zebrafish embryo line. The development of zebrafish embryos after 24 h post fertilization (hpf) was studied. A concentration range of 5 μg/ml to 50 μg/ml was then chosen to monitor the ontological development of cultured embryos. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was used to study the differences of the two experimental extracts. Chemical variation between the extracts was illustrated using chemometrics. Results Both extracts led to bleeding and pericardial cyst formation when applied at high concentrations to the zebrafish embryo culture. Chronic teratogenic toxicities, leading to pericardial edema, yolk sac swelling, and other abnormal developmental characteristics, were detected. The aqueous extracts of S. frutescens were less toxic to the larvae than the ethanol extracts, validating preference for aqueous preparations when used in traditional medicine. Chemical differences between the water extracts and alcoholic extracts were analysed using LC-MS/MS. A supervised metabolomics approach, targeting the sutherlandiosides and sutherlandins using orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), illustrated that sutherlandiosides were the main chemical features that can be used to distinguish between the two extracts, despite the extracts being highly similar in their chemical constituents. Conclusion The water extract caused less cytotoxic and abnormal developmental effects compared to the ethanolic extract, and, this is likely due to differences in concentrations of extracted chemicals rather than the chemical profile per se. This study provides more evidence of cytotoxicity effects linked to S. frutescens using the zebrafish embryo bioassay as a study tool. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2303-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Lin H, Jackson GA, Lu Y, Drenkhahn SK, Brownstein KJ, Starkey NJ, Lamberson WR, Fritsche KL, Mossine VV, Besch-Williford CL, Folk WR, Zhang Y, Lubahn DB. Inhibition of Gli/hedgehog signaling in prostate cancer cells by "cancer bush" Sutherlandia frutescens extract. Cell Biol Int 2015; 40:131-42. [PMID: 26377232 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sutherlandia frutescens is a medicinal plant, traditionally used to treat various types of human diseases, including cancer. Previous studies of several botanicals link suppression of prostate cancer growth with inhibition of the Gli/hedgehog (Gli/Hh) signaling pathway. Here we hypothesized the anti-cancer effect of S. frutescens was linked to its inhibition of the Gli/Hh signaling in prostate cancer. We found a dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition in human prostate cancer cells, PC3 and LNCaP, and mouse prostate cancer cell, TRAMP-C2, treated with S. frutescens methanol extract (SLE). We also observed a dose-dependent inhibition of the Gli-reporter activity in Shh Light II and TRAMP-C2QGli cells treated with SLE. In addition, SLE can inhibit Gli/Hh signaling by blocking Gli1 and Ptched1 gene expression in the presence of a Gli/Hh signaling agonist (SAG). A diet supplemented with S. frutescens suppressed the formation of poorly differentiated carcinoma in prostates of TRAMP mice. Finally, we found Sutherlandioside D was the most potent compound in the crude extract that could suppress Gli-reporter in Shh Light II cells. Together, this suggests that the S. frutescens extract may exert anti-cancer effect by targeting Gli/Hh signaling, and Sutherlandioside D is one of the active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology & Embryo Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Glenn A Jackson
- MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,Department of Veterinary Technology, Nebraska College of Technical Agriculture, Curtis, Nebraska, 69025, USA
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Sara K Drenkhahn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Korey J Brownstein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, USA
| | - Nicholas J Starkey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - William R Lamberson
- MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Kevin L Fritsche
- MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Valeri V Mossine
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Cynthia L Besch-Williford
- MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - William R Folk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology & Embryo Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Dennis B Lubahn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.,MU Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
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Tobwala S, Fan W, Hines CJ, Folk WR, Ercal N. Antioxidant potential of Sutherlandia frutescens and its protective effects against oxidative stress in various cell cultures. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:271. [PMID: 25070435 PMCID: PMC4247157 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R.Br. (SF) is a South African plant that is widely used to treat stress, infections, cancer, and chronic diseases, many of which involve oxidative stress. The aim of the study was to quantitatively assess the antioxidant potential of SF extracts in cell-free system as well as in cell lines. Methods Dried SF vegetative parts were extracted using six different solvents, and the extracts were assessed for total phenolic and flavonoid contents, total reducing power, iron chelating capacity, and free radical scavenging power, including, scavenging of hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions, nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide. We further investigated the freeze-dried hot water extract of SF (SFE) to assess its effect against oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), an organic peroxide. Three different cell lines: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO), human hepatoma (HepaRG), and human pulmonary alveolar carcinoma (A549) cells, were employed to determine cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and reduced to oxidized glutathione levels (GSH/GSSG). Results The results indicated that: (1) SF extracts have significant antioxidant potential that is dependent upon the nature of the extraction solvent and (2) SFE protects against tBHP-induced oxidative stress in cells by scavenging ROS and preserving intracellular GSH/GSSG. Conclusion Oxidative stress is implicated in a number of disorders, and due to the public’s concerns about synthetic antioxidants, various natural antioxidants are being explored for their therapeutic potential. Our findings support claims for S. frutescens being a promising adjunctive therapeutic for oxidative stress-related health problems.
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