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Ri MH, Xing Y, Zuo HX, Li MY, Jin HL, Ma J, Jin X. Regulatory mechanisms of natural compounds from traditional Chinese herbal medicines on the microglial response in ischemic stroke. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154889. [PMID: 37262999 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of clinically effective neuroprotective agents for stroke therapy is still a challenging task. Microglia play a critical role in brain injury and recovery after ischemic stroke. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines (TCHMs) are based on a unique therapeutic principle, have various formulas, and have long been widely used to treat stroke. Therefore, the active compounds in TCHMs and their underlying mechanisms of action are attracting increasing attention in the field of stroke drug development. PURPOSE To summarize the regulatory mechanisms of TCHM-derived natural compounds on the microglial response in animal models of ischemic stroke. METHODS We searched studies published until 10 April 2023 in the Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect using the following keywords: natural compounds, natural products or phytochemicals, traditional Chinese Medicine or Chinese herbal medicine, microglia, and ischemic stroke. This review was prepared according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. RESULTS Natural compounds derived from TCHMs can attenuate the M1 phenotype of microglia, which is involved in the detrimental inflammatory response, via inhibition of NF-κB, MAPKs, JAK/STAT, Notch, TLR4, P2X7R, CX3CR1, IL-17RA, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and pro-oxidant enzymes. Additionally, the neuroprotective response of microglia with the M2 phenotype can be enhanced by activating Nrf2/HO-1, PI3K/AKT, AMPK, PPARγ, SIRT1, CB2R, TREM2, nAChR, and IL-33/ST2. Several clinical trials showed that TCHM-derived natural compounds that regulate microglial responses have significant and safe therapeutic effects, but further well-designed clinical studies are needed. CONCLUSIONS Further research regarding the direct targets and potential pleiotropic or synergistic effects of natural compounds would provide a more reasonable approach for regulation of the microglial response with the possibility of successful stroke drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Hak Ri
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China; Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yue Xing
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Xiang Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ming Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Lan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Juan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
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Liu Y, Cai J, Wang Y, Zhao X, Qiao Y, Liu CJ. YQBS Improves Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats: Possible Association with Tyrosine and Tryptophan Metabolism. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:901-912. [PMID: 37021127 PMCID: PMC10069430 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s401863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is aimed to determine the metabolomic effects of the hybrid medicine formula Yi-Qi-Bu-Shen (YQBS) on the neurotransmitter aspects of cognitive impairment in diabetic rats. METHODS In the current study, streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce diabetic animal model in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. After successful establishment of diabetic SD rats' model, age-matched healthy SD rats and diabetic SD rats were treated with low and high doses of YQBS, and then tested for learning memory ability and analyzed for pathological changes. In addition, neurotransmitter metabolic changes in hippocampal subdivisions of rats from different treated groups were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique. RESULTS YQBS could significantly improve memory-cognitive impairment in diabetic rats as evidenced by the shortening of latency to target and the reduction of latency first entrance to target. Moreover, YQBS also improved the pathological alterations in the hippocampal region in the brains of diabetic rats. Metabolomic analysis showed that the expression of noradrenaline hydrochloride was down-regulated and the expressions of levodopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan were up-regulated in the hippocampal tissues of diabetic rats treated with YQBS. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that YQBS has protective effects against diabetic cognitive dysfunction, which might act through alteration in tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingru Cai
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangli Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yun Qiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yun Qiao; Chuan-Ju Liu, Email ;
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Dexmedetomidine reduces the apoptosis of rat hippocampal neurons via mediating ERK1/2 signal pathway by targeting miR-155. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151734. [PMID: 34048989 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rat hippocampal neurons were isolated and divided into Normal, oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), OGD/R + DEX, OGD/R + NC mimic, OGD/R + miR-155 mimic and OGD/R + DEX + miR-155 mimic groups. In OGD/R group, LDH, ROS and MDA levels and apoptosis rate was increased, with up-regulations of miR-155, Cyt c and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, but decreases of SOD, GSH-Px and MMP levels, as well as down-regulations of p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2. As compared to the OGD/R group, parameters above in the OGD/R + DEX group were ameliorated evidently, while OGD/R + miR-155 mimic group manifested the opposite changes. Besides, miR-155 mimic could abolish the protective effect of DEX on the hippocampal neurons under OGD/R. DEX, via down-regulating the expression of miR-155, could activate the ERK1/2 pathway, thereby mitigating the apoptosis and oxidative stress injury and increasing the MMP, thereby protecting hippocampal cells from OGD/R injury.
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Amirzargar N, Heidari-Soureshjani S, Yang Q, Abbaszadeh S, Khaksarian M. Neuroprotective Effects of Medicinal Plants in Cerebral Hypoxia and Anoxia: A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2210315509666190820103658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Hypoxia and anoxia are dangerous and sometimes irreversible complications
in the central nervous system (CNS), which in some cases lead to death.
Objective:
The aim of this review was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of medicinal plants
in cerebral hypoxia and anoxia.
Methods:
The word hypox*, in combination with some herbal terms such as medicinal plant, phyto*
and herb*, was used to search for relevant publications indexed in the Institute for Scientific Information
(ISI) and PubMed from 2000-2019.
Results:
Certain medicinal plants and herbal derivatives can exert their protective effects in several
ways. The most important mechanisms are the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS),
production of NO, inhibition of both hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and tumor necrosis factor-alpha activation,
and reduction of extracellular glutamate, N-Methyl-D-aspartic and intracellular Ca (2+). In
addition, they have an antioxidant activity and can adjust the expression of genes related to oxidant
generation or antioxidant capacity. These plants can also inhibit lipid peroxidation, up-regulate superoxide
dismutase activity and inhibit the content of malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase.
Moreover, they also have protective effects against cytotoxicity through down-regulation of the proteins
that causes apoptosis, anti-excitatory activity, inhibition of apoptosis signaling pathway, reduction
of pro-apoptotic proteins, and endoplasmic reticulum stress that causes apoptosis during hypoxia,
increasing anti-apoptotic protein, inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase activation, decreasing
proteases activity and DNA fragmentation, and upregulation of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase.
Conclusion:
The results indicated that medicinal plants and their compounds mainly exert their neuroprotective
effects in hypoxia via regulating proteins that are related to antioxidant, anti-apoptosis
and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasibeh Amirzargar
- Department of Neurology, Rofeydeh Rehabilitation Hospital, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saber Abbaszadeh
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Khaksarian
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Mahale A, Kumar R, Sarode LP, Gakare S, Prakash A, Ugale RR. Dapsone prolong delayed excitotoxic neuronal cell death by interacting with proapoptotic/survival signaling proteins. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:104848. [PMID: 32689584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dapsone prevents ischemic injury, inhibits apoptosis and shows functional improvement post-ischemia. However, its effect on proapoptotic or survival proteins in delayed ischemia remains unclear. METHODS Male adult Wistar rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 90 min followed by 24 h of ischemic reperfusion (I/R). Dapsone [9.375 or 12.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (IP)] was administered at 3, 6 and 12 h of I/R followed by behavioural assessment, brain infarction, histological alteration and cell viability study. Further, dapsone (25 and 50 µM) was added at 3, 6 and 12 h after L-glutamate (100 µM) in primary cortical culture (DIV 14) and cell viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis was observed. Proteins expression were observed using immunocytochemistry. All experiments were performed after 24 h of I/R (In-Vivo) and 24 h of recovery post glutamate insult (In-Vitro). RESULTS Reduced brain infarction, improved neurobehavioural functions in addition to reduction in abnormal morphological structures of ischemic brain and improvement in cell viability was observed with treatment of dapsone (12.5 mg/kg) administered upto 6 h. Similarly, dapsone (25, 50 µM) increased cell survival post glutamate insult in cortical culture (In-vitro). Further, dapsone treatment at delayed hours (6 h) reduced apoptotic nuclei and proapoptotic proteins JNK, PTEN, Calpain, Caspase 3 expression along with activation of prosurvival protein BDNF expression post-glutamate insult. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that dapsone has the potential to limit the neuronal damage post-glutamate insult in delayed hours (6 h) through repressing proapoptotic proteins JNK, PTEN, Calpain, Caspase-3 of cerebral ischemia along with activation of pro-survival protein BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Mahale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lopmudra P Sarode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sukanya Gakare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India.
| | - Rajesh R Ugale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India.
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Smilin Bell Aseervatham G, Abbirami E, Sivasudha T, Ruckmani K. Passiflora caerulea L. fruit extract and its metabolites ameliorate epileptic seizure, cognitive deficit and oxidative stress in pilocarpine-induced epileptic mice. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:159-173. [PMID: 31728889 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The anticonvulsant potential of aqueous fruit extract of Passiflora caerulea (PCAE) was evaluated in swiss albino mice induced by pilocarpine. The antioxidant activities of PCAE were determined which showed strong antioxidant activity and the polyphenol compounds such as ginsenoside, naringenin, chrysoeriol 8-c-glucoside, luteolin-6-C-glucoside, apigenin-6,8-di-C-β-D-glucopyranoside were profiled through RP-HPLC and UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Chronic effects of PCAE on pilocarpine (85 mg/kg; i.p)-induced convulsions were evaluated in Swiss adult male albino mice. PCAE at 100 and 200 mg/kg, (p.o.) and diazepam (5 mg/kg, i.p) were administered once daily for 15 days. In Y-maze test, percentage of correct entry by pilocarpine administered animals were significantly lower when compared to control, whereas PCAE at both doses improved the alteration score significantly. Administration of higher dose (200 mg/kg) of PCAE significantly delayed onset of convulsions and decreased duration of clonic convulsions. Association of ROS production during seizure period was further confirmed by histopathological studies revealing loss of normal neuronal cells in hippocampus region. The data obtained showed anticonvulsant activity and improved cognitive function; reduced the oxidative damage and significantly activated the cholinergic neurotransmission in a dose dependent manner similar to diazepam which is evident in the biochemical parameters and histopathological study, suggesting therapeutic potential for epilepsy and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Smilin Bell Aseervatham
- National Facility for Drug Development for Academia, Pharmaceutical and Allied Industries, Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational REsearch (CENTRE), Anna University, BIT campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
- PG and Research Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 002, India
| | - E Abbirami
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - T Sivasudha
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India.
| | - K Ruckmani
- National Facility for Drug Development for Academia, Pharmaceutical and Allied Industries, Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational REsearch (CENTRE), Anna University, BIT campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Anna University, BIT campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India.
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Zhang G, Fang H, Li Y, Xu J, Zhang D, Sun Y, Zhou L, Zhang H. Neuroprotective Effect of Astragalus Polysacharin on Streptozotocin (STZ)-Induced Diabetic Rats. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:135-141. [PMID: 30610831 PMCID: PMC6330021 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the recent years, there has been increasing interest in traditional Chinese medicine as a neuroprotective nutrient in the management of chronic neurodegenerative disease, such as diabetic cognitive decline. Astragalus polysacharin (APS), a Chinese herb extract, is a biologically active treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of APS (20 mg/kg) on diabetes-induced memory impairments in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and explored its underlying mechanisms of action. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into a control group (CON group, n=10), a diabetic model (DM) group (n=10), and an APS group (n=10). We administered 55 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ, Sigma) by intraperitoneal injection to induce a diabetic model. Food and water intake, body weight, and blood fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were measured. The Morris water maze test (MWM) was used to assess learning and memory ability, and we measured levels of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in the hippocampus. RESULTS APS (20 mg/kg) administration decreased the rats' fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels and body weight. APS (20 mg/kg) administration improved the cognitive performance of diabetes-induced rats in the Morris water maze test. APS (20 mg/kg) administration reduced the number of dead cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Furthermore, APS (20 mg/kg) administration obviously upregulated the phosphorylation levels CREB, NMDA, and CaMK II. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that APS has the neuroprotective effects, and it may be a candidate for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as diabetic cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyue Zhang
- Second Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Hui Fang
- Second Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yukai Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Puai Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Second Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Second Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Second Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Second Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - He Zhang
- Second Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
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Jia Z, Dong A, Che H, Zhang Y. 17-DMAG Protects Against Hypoxia-/Reoxygenation-Induced Cell Injury in HT22 Cells Through Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. DNA Cell Biol 2017; 36:95-102. [PMID: 27982695 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuopeng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Arui Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shaanxi Second Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongmin Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, No. 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Xianyang, China
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Yiguanjian cataplasm attenuates opioid dependence in a mouse model of naloxone-induced opioid withdrawal syndrome. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2016; 36:464-70. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(16)30063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yin C, Luo X, Duan Y, Duan W, Zhang H, He Y, Sun G, Sun X. Neuroprotective effects of lotus seedpod procyanidins on extremely low frequency electromagnetic field-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82:628-39. [PMID: 27470406 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the protective effects of lotus seedpod procyanidins (LSPCs) on extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF)-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons and the underlying molecular mechanism. The results of MTT, morphological observation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assays showed that compared with control, incubating neurons under ELF-EMF exposure significantly decreased cell viability and increased the number of apoptotic cells, whereas LSPCs evidently protected the hippocampal neurons against ELF-EMF-induced cell damage. Moreover, a certain concentration of LSPCs inhibited the elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca(2+) level, as well as prevented the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential induced by ELF-EMF exposure. In addition, supplementation with LSPCs could alleviate DNA damage, block cell cycle arrest at S phase, and inhibit apoptosis and necrosis of hippocampal neurons under ELF-EMF exposure. Further study demonstrated that LSPCs up-regulated the activations of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl proteins and suppressed the expressions of Bad, Bax proteins caused by ELF-EMF exposure. In conclusion, these findings revealed that LSPCs protected against ELF-EMF-induced neurotoxicity through inhibiting oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchun Yin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaoping Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Wenyi Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yuanqing He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Mohibbullah M, Hannan MA, Choi JY, Bhuiyan MMH, Hong YK, Choi JS, Choi IS, Moon IS. The Edible Marine Alga Gracilariopsis chorda Alleviates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons. J Med Food 2015; 18:960-71. [PMID: 26106876 PMCID: PMC4580144 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related neurological disorders are of growing concern among the elderly, and natural products with neuroprotective properties have been attracting increasing attention as candidates for the prevention or treatment of neurological disorders induced by oxidative stress. In an effort to explore natural resources, we collected some common marine seaweed from the Korean peninsula and Indonesia and screened them for neuroprotective activity against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced oxidative stress. Of the 23 seaweeds examined, the ethanol extract of Gracilariopsis chorda (GCE) provided maximum neuroprotection at an optimum concentration of 15 μg/mL, followed by Undaria pinnatifida. GCE increased cell viability after H/R, decreased the formation of reactive oxygen species (measured by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate [DCF-DA] staining), and inhibited the double-stranded DNA breaks (measured by H2AX immunocytochemistry), apoptosis (measured by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining), internucleosomal DNA fragmentation (measured by DNA laddering), and dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (measured by JC-1 staining). Using reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, we quantitated the arachidonic acid (AA) in GCE, which provides neuroprotection against H/R-induced oxidative stress. This neuroprotective effect of AA was comparable to that of GCE. These findings suggest that the neuroprotective effect of GCE against H/R-induced neuronal death is due, at least in part, to the AA content that suppresses neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mohibbullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Md. Abdul Hannan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Ji-Young Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | | | - Yong-Ki Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Choi
- RIS Center, IACF, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - In Soon Choi
- RIS Center, IACF, Silla University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biological Science, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongbuk, Korea
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Wang SL, Liu DES, Liang ES, Gao YH, Cui Y, Liu YZ, Gao W. Protective effect of allicin on high glucose/hypoxia-induced aortic endothelial cells via reduction of oxidative stress. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1394-1400. [PMID: 26622496 PMCID: PMC4578117 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the protective effect of allicin on aortic endothelial cell injury induced by high glucose/hypoxia and to investigate the corresponding mechanisms. The primary-cultured murine aortic endothelial cells were subcultured. The third passage of cells was adopted and randomly divided into five groups: The normal group (NG), the mannitol group (MG), the high-glucose/hypoxia group (HG), the allicin group (AG) and the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor group (GG). The general morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope and cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the endothelial cells were quantified using dihydroethidium staining. The levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and the activity of PKC were measured using ELISA. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was adopted to evaluate the mRNA expression of Nox4, HIF-1α and NF-κB. The altered cell morphology observed in HG was notably ameliorated in the AG and GG. The protein levels of 8-OHdG, NF-κB, Nox4, HIF-1α and PKC in the HG were higher than those in the other groups. Furthermore, the cell viability in the AG was significantly increased and the protein levels of 8-OHdG, NF-κB, Nox4, HIF-1α and PKC were significantly decreased compared with those in the HG. The ROS production was found to be increased in the HG cells, while there was a significant decrease in the AG cells. These data indicate that allicin exerts a protective effect against high glucose/hypoxia-induced injury in aortic endothelial cells through its antioxidative action, which may involve the inhibition of the PKC pathway and regulation of HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Li Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China ; Department of Geriatrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
| | - DE-Shan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Er-Shun Liang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China ; Shandong University School of Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hua Gao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ying Cui
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Zhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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13
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Wu YQ, Zhou YW, Qin XD, Hua SY, Zhang YL, Kang LY. Cerebrospinal fluid pharmacology: an improved pharmacology approach for chinese herbal medicine research. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:674305. [PMID: 24454505 PMCID: PMC3876922 DOI: 10.1155/2013/674305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite many successful applications of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in the treatment and prevention of neurological diseases (ND), the fully scientific understanding of CHM's action mechanisms had been hampered for lack of appropriate methods to explore the combinatorial rules, the synergistic mechanisms, and the molecular basis of CHM. As an improved pharmacology approach, cerebrospinal fluid pharmacology (CSFP), based on the fact that cerebrospinal fluid plays an important role in the health maintenance of specific survival environment for neurons and glial cells, has been constructed and applied to CHM research for treating ND. In the present review, the concept and advantages of CSFP are briefly introduced. The approaches and key technologies of CSFP in CHM research are also collated and analyzed. Furthermore, the developing tendency of CSFP is summarized, and its framework in CHM research is also proposed. In summary, CSFP provides a new strategy not only to eliminate some barriers of CHM research for treating ND, but also to broaden the pharmacology research for bridging the gap between CHM and modern medicine. Moreover, the advancements in CSFP will bring about a conceptual move in active ingredients discovery of CHM and make a significant contribution to CHM modernization and globalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-qing Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- The Second Hospital Affiliated to Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Ying-wu Zhou
- The Gu Lou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Beijing, Beijing 100009, China
| | - Xiu-de Qin
- The Second Hospital Affiliated to Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Sheng-yu Hua
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yu-lian Zhang
- The Second Hospital Affiliated to Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Li-yuan Kang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
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