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Ghallab DS, Ibrahim RS, Mohyeldin MM, Shawky E. Marine algae: A treasure trove of bioactive anti-inflammatory compounds. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:116023. [PMID: 38211540 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review examines the diverse classes of pharmacologically active compounds found in marine algae and their promising anti-inflammatory effects. The review covers various classes of anti-inflammatory compounds sourced from marine algae, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, caretenoids, alkaloids, phlorotannins, bromophenols, amino acids, peptides, proteins, polysaccharides, and fatty acids. The anti-inflammatory activities of marine algae-derived compounds have been extensively investigated using in vitro and in vivo models, demonstrating their ability to inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines, and enzymes involved in inflammation. Moreover, marine algae-derived compounds have exhibited immunomodulatory properties, regulating immune cell functions and attenuating inflammatory responses. Specific examples of compounds with notable anti-inflammatory activities are highlighted. This review provides valuable insights for researchers in the field of marine anti-inflammatory pharmacology and emphasizes the need for further research to harness the pharmacological benefits of marine algae-derived compounds for the development of effective and safe therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina S Ghallab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Reham S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Mohyeldin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Eman Shawky
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
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Al-Abbasi FA, Kazmi I. Therapeutic role of kaempferol and myricetin in streptozotocin-induced diabetes synergistically via modulation in pancreatic amylase, glycogen storage and insulin secretion. Mol Cell Biochem 2022:10.1007/s11010-022-04629-4. [PMID: 36583792 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Kaempferol and Myricetin alone have promising benefits on diabetes and related complications, yet the effectiveness of cotreating the two compounds on diabetes have not been studied. The existing investigation was to study the combined anti-diabetic effect of kaempferol and myricetin in Streptozotocin (STZ)-activated diabetes in rats. To evaluate the anti-diabetic activity, 36 Wistar rats were segregated into six groups; Normal, 50 mg/kg STZ-induced diabetes, and four (50 mg/kg kaempferol, 50 mg/kg myricetin, 25 mg/kg kaempferol + myricetin, and 5 mg/kg glibenclamide) compound-treated diabetic groups. The effects of co-treatment on parameters, glucose, insulin, lipid profile, liver enzymes, antioxidant biomarkers, and inflammatory cytokines were measured. The study revealed that combined treatment restored the assessed parameters including glucose levels, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative markers, and lipid and liver enzymes in diabetic rats. The results indicate that cotreatment of kaempferol and myricetin has a beneficial role against diabetes suggesting that cotreatment of these compounds can be used therapeutically in treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Saxena M, Jadhav EB, Sankhla MS, Singhal M, Parihar K, Awasthi KK, Awasthi G. Bintaro (Cerbera odollam and Cerbera manghas): an overview of its eco-friendly use, pharmacology, and toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 30:10.1007/s11356-022-22585-w. [PMID: 36044149 PMCID: PMC9428885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bintaro is a tropical mangrove plant often used as a shade tree found in Asia, Australia, Madagascar, and the Islands of the Western Pacific Ocean. The word Bintaro is also often pinned to its closest relative species, the Cerbera odollam. Flower color is one of the distinguishing features between these two species. Human poisoning with the cardiotoxic plant Bintaro is common in Southeast Asia because it bears a fruit that yields a powerful poison that has been used for suicide and homicide, hence it is also called the "Indian suicide tree". The seeds of Bintaro contain Cerberin, a cardiac glycoside toxin of the heart that blocks the calcium ion channels in heart muscles, resulting in disruption of the heartbeat most often fatally. The bio-active compound in the kernels of Bintaro varies due to which plant possesses other properties as well. The plant may also be used for medicinal purposes as it shows many pharmaceutical properties. The seeds of the plant have auspicious anticancer properties through apoptotic activity and the leaf extract of the plant was screened for its antioxidant activities. In addition, it is also used as an insecticide, pesticide, or antifungal agent. This review highlights the Pharmaceutical, toxicological, and environmentally friendly approaches of Bintaro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Saxena
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Ekta B. Jadhav
- Department of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Government Institute of Forensic Science Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Muskan Singhal
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Kapil Parihar
- State Forensic Science Laboratory, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Kumud Kant Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Garima Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
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Anti-Inflammatory Functions of Methanol Extract from Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. Leaves and Shoots by Targeting the NF-κB Pathway. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11050646. [PMID: 35270116 PMCID: PMC8912290 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. is a widely used medical plant in Asia. Since the anti-inflammatory mechanism of this plant is not fully understood, the aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory function and mechanism of Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. methanol extract (Mb-ME). For in vitro experiments, nitric oxide production assay, PCR, overexpression strategy, immunoblotting, luciferase reporter assay, and immunoprecipitation were employed to explore the molecular mechanism and the target proteins of Mb-ME. For in vivo experiments, an HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis mouse model was used to confirm the anti-inflammatory function. Mb-ME showed a strong ability to inhibit the production of nitric oxide and the expression of inflammatory genes. Mb-ME decreased NF-κB luciferase activity mediated by MyD88 and TRIF. Moreover, Mb-ME blocked the activation of Src, Syk, p85, Akt, p50, p60, IKKα/β, and IκBα in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Overexpression and immunoprecipitation analyses suggested Syk and Src as the target enzymes of Mb-ME. In vitro results showed that Mb-ME could alleviate gastritis and relieve the protein expression of p-Src, p-Syk, and COX-2, as well as the gene expression of COX-2 and TNF-α. In summary, this study implied that Mb-ME performs an anti-inflammatory role by suppressing Syk and Src in the NF-κB signaling pathway, both in vivo and in vitro.
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Jo M, Lee J, Kim HG, Kim JK, Kim H, Shin KK, Bach TT, Eum SM, Lee JS, Choung ES, Yang Y, Kim KH, Sung GH, Yoo BC, Cho JY. Anti-inflammatory effect of Barringtonia angusta methanol extract is mediated by targeting of Src in the NF-κB signalling pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:799-810. [PMID: 34190667 PMCID: PMC8253214 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1938613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Among the plants in the genus Barringtonia (Lecythidaceae) used as traditional medicines to treat arthralgia, chest pain, and haemorrhoids in Indonesia, Barringtonia racemosa L. and Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in systemic inflammatory models. OBJECTIVE The anti-inflammatory activity of Barringtonia angusta Kurz has not been investigated. We prepared a methanol extract of the leaves and stems of B. angusta (Ba-ME) and systemically evaluated its anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS or Pam3CSK4 for 24 h were treated with Ba-ME (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 150 µg/mL), and NO production and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes were evaluated. Luciferase reporter gene assay, western blot analysis, overexpression experiments, and cellular thermal shift assay were conducted to explore the mechanism of Ba-ME. In addition, the anti-gastritis activity of Ba-ME (50 and 100 mg/kg, administered twice per day for two days) was evaluated using an HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis mouse model. RESULTS Ba-ME dose-dependently suppressed NO production [IC50 = 123.33 µg/mL (LPS) and 46.89 µg/mL (Pam3CSK4)] without affecting cell viability. Transcriptional expression of iNOS, IL-1β, COX-2, IL-6, and TNF-α and phosphorylation of Src, IκBα, p50/105, and p65 were inhibited by Ba-ME. The extract specifically targeted the Src protein by binding to its SH2 domain. Moreover, Ba-ME significantly ameliorated inflammatory lesions in the HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis model. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The anti-inflammatory activity of Ba-ME is mediated by targeting of the Src/NF-κB signalling pathway, and B. angusta has potential as an anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyeong Jo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Biomolecule Control and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Biomolecule Control and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyeong Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeyeop Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kon Kuk Shin
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran The Bach
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Sang Mi Eum
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Yoonyong Yang
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Proteomic Analysis Team, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Institute of Mycological Resource, International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Biomolecule Control and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Sunil MA, Sunitha VS, Santhakumaran P, Mohan MC, Jose MS, Radhakrishnan EK, Mathew J. Protective effect of (+)-catechin against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells through downregulation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1139-1155. [PMID: 34115226 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Catechin, a flavonol belonging to the flavonoid group of polyphenols is present in many plant foods. The present study was done to evaluate the effect of catechin on various inflammatory mediators using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The effect of catechin on total cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), myeloperoxidase, nitrite and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) level, secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were assessed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The expression of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) genes were also investigated. The effect was further analyzed using human PBMCs by assessing the level of TNF-α and IL-10. The study demonstrated that the inflammatory mediators such as COX, 5-LOX, nitrite, iNOS, and TNF-α were significantly inhibited by catechin in a concentration-dependent manner whereas IL-10 production was up-regulated in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, catechin down-regulated the mRNA level expression of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, NF-κB and p38 MAPK. The current study ratifies the beneficial effect of catechin as a dietary component in plant foods to provide protection against inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sunil
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - V S Sunitha
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | | | - Mohind C Mohan
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | | | - E K Radhakrishnan
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Jyothis Mathew
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India.
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Kim JK, Choi E, Hong YH, Kim H, Jang YJ, Lee JS, Choung ES, Woo BY, Hong YD, Lee S, Lee BH, Bach TT, Kim JH, Kim JH, Cho JY. Syk/NF-κB-targeted anti-inflammatory activity of Melicope accedens (Blume) T.G. Hartley methanol extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113887. [PMID: 33539951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Melicope accedens (Blume) Thomas G. Hartley is a plant included in the family Rutaceae and genus Melicope. It is a native plant from Vietnam that has been used for ethnopharmacology. In Indonesia and Malaysia, the leaves of M. accedens are applied externally to decrease fever. AIM OF THE STUDY The molecular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory properties of M. accedens are not yet understood. Therefore, we examined those mechanisms using a methanol extract of M. accedens (Ma-ME) and determined the target molecule in macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of Ma-ME in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and in an HCl/EtOH-triggered gastritis model in mice. To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity, we performed a nitric oxide (NO) production assay and ELISA assay for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). RT-PCR, luciferase gene reporter assays, western blotting analyses, and a cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) were conducted to identify the mechanism and target molecule of Ma-ME. The phytochemical composition of Ma-ME was analyzed by HPLC and LC-MS/MS. RESULTS Ma-ME suppressed the production of NO and PGE2 and the mRNA expression of proinflammatory genes (iNOS, IL-1β, and COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without cytotoxicity. Ma-ME inhibited NF-κB activation by suppressing signaling molecules such as IκBα, Akt, Src, and Syk. Moreover, the CETSA assay revealed that Ma-ME binds to Syk, the most upstream molecule in the NF-κB signal pathway. Oral administration of Ma-ME not only alleviated inflammatory lesions, but also reduced the gene expression of IL-1β and p-Syk in mice with HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis. HPLC and LC-MS/MS analyses confirmed that Ma-ME contains various anti-inflammatory flavonoids, including quercetin, daidzein, and nevadensin. CONCLUSIONS Ma-ME exhibited anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo by targeting Syk in the NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, we propose that Ma-ME could be used to treat inflammatory diseases such as gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyeong Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunju Choi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Haeyeop Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Jin Jang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Sub Lee
- DanjoungBio Co., Ltd., Wonju, 26303, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eui Su Choung
- DanjoungBio Co., Ltd., Wonju, 26303, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Yong Deog Hong
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center, Yongin, 17074, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tran The Bach
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Maharana PK. Ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological properties of Cerbera manghas L. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Frankova A, Vistejnova L, Merinas-Amo T, Leheckova Z, Doskocil I, Wong Soon J, Kudera T, Laupua F, Alonso-Moraga A, Kokoska L. In vitro antibacterial activity of extracts from Samoan medicinal plants and their effect on proliferation and migration of human fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113220. [PMID: 32805355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The prevalence of different types of chronic wounds, due to the ageing population and increase incidence of diseases, is becoming a worldwide problem. Various medicinal plants used in folk medicine have demonstrated wound healing and antimicrobial properties, and some of these species are currently used in commercial preparations. Despite the well-documented and rich tradition of the use of local herbs for the treatment of skin injuries in Samoan folk medicine, their wound healing potential has not yet been systematically studied. AIM OF THE STUDY Investigation into the in vitro antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts from 14 medicinal plants used in Samoan traditional medicine for the healing of wounds, burns and sores, and their effects on the proliferation and migration of human fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antibacterial activity of these extracts was tested against pathogens associated with infected skin injuries, using the broth microdilution method. The effect on migration, proliferation and viability of human dermal fibroblasts was evaluated using wound healing scratch assay, cell proliferation assay, and thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide cytotoxicity test. RESULTS The extracts from Cerbera manghas, Commelina diffusa, Kleinhovia hospita, Mikania micrantha, Omalanthus nutans, Peperomia pellucida, Phymatosorus scolopendria, Piper graeffei, Psychotria insularum, and Schizostachyum glaucifolium inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ≥4 μg/mL, whereas C. manghas and P. pellucida produced the same MIC against both Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among the antibacterially active species, C. diffusa, K. hospita, P. scolopendria, P. insularum, and S. glaucifolium did not produce toxicity towards the standard line of normal adult human dermal fibroblasts (IC80 > 128 μg/mL). In addition, extracts from Barringtonia asiatica, C. manghas, M. micrantha, O. nutans, P. insularum, and Piper graeffei stimulated significant migration of dermal fibroblasts, while M. micrantha, O. nutans, and P. insularum did not affect cell proliferation at a concentration of 32 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the above-mentioned species of Samoan medicinal plants can be used for the development of new wound healing agents. However, further phytochemical and pharmacological research is needed regarding the isolation and identification of their active constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frankova
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - L Vistejnova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - T Merinas-Amo
- Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Campus Rabanales, Gregor Mendel Building, 14071, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Z Leheckova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - I Doskocil
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - J Wong Soon
- Scientific Research Organisation of Samoa, P.O. Box 6597, Apia, Samoa
| | - T Kudera
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - F Laupua
- Scientific Research Organisation of Samoa, P.O. Box 6597, Apia, Samoa
| | - A Alonso-Moraga
- Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Campus Rabanales, Gregor Mendel Building, 14071, Cordoba, Spain
| | - L Kokoska
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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Wang Z, Jiang M, Khan A, Cai S, Li X, Liu J, Kai G, Zhao T, Cheng G, Cao J. Epigynumgenane-type pregnane glycosides from Epigynum cochinchinensis and their immunosuppressive activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 168:112127. [PMID: 31550672 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Five undescribed C21 pregnane glycosides, epigycosides D-H, together with four known analogues, two lignans, and a flavonoid have been isolated from the stems of Epigynum cochinchinensis. The structures of pregnane glycosides were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques and acid hydrolysis. The in vitro immunological activities were assessed against Con A-stimulated proliferation of mice splenocytes. The C21 pregnane glycosides showed immunosuppressive activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, epigycoside E exhibited a potent immunosuppressive effect, and the IC50 value on Con A-stimulated mice splenocytes was 22.1 ± 6.4 μM. Epigycoside E also caused G0/G1 arrest, and inhibited TNF-α and IL-2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyuan Wang
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjun Jiang
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Afsar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Shengbao Cai
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianrui Zhao
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
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Yang M, Wu Z, Wang Y, Kai G, Singor Njateng GS, Cai S, Cao J, Cheng G. Acute and subacute toxicity evaluation of ethanol extract from aerial parts of Epigynum auritum in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110534. [PMID: 31150781 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute and subacute toxicities of the ethanol extract from Epigynum auritum (EAE) wereperformed by oral administration in pathogen-free mice. Acute toxicity study was performed at a single dose of 5000 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days, while subacute toxicity test was conducted by daily oral administration of EAE at doses of 312, 625, 1250, and 2500 mg/kg for 28 days. Acute toxicity study showed that LD50 of EAE was over 5000 mg/kg. The results of subacute toxicity showed no significant adverse effect of EAE at 312 mg/kg. Moreover, EAE exhibited toxicities to liver, spleen and kidney in mice determined by hematological, serum biochemical and histological analyses during daily oral administration of 1250 mg/kg and 2500 mg/kg EAE. The results revealed that the dose of EAE lower than 625 mg/kg can be regarded as safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilian Yang
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihuan Wu
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Biopolymer Functional Materials of Yunnan, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Guy Sedar Singor Njateng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbao Cai
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Jeong SG, Kim S, Kim HG, Kim E, Jeong D, Kim JH, Yang WS, Oh J, Sung GH, Hossain MA, Lee J, Kim JH, Cho JY. Mycetia cauliflora methanol extract exerts anti-inflammatory activity by directly targeting PDK1 in the NF-κB pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 231:1-9. [PMID: 30415059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mycetia cauliflora Reinw. (Rubiaceae) has been used as a traditional remedy to ameliorate clinical signs of inflammatory diseases, including pain, inflammation, ulcers, and wounds. Among the Mycetia subfamilies, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of Mycetia longifolia (Rubiaceae) have been studied. However, those of Mycetia cauliflora are not clearly understood. Comprehensive investigation of this plant is necessary to evaluate its potential for ethnopharmacological use. MATERIALS and methods: The activities of Mycetia cauliflora methanol extract (Mc-ME) on the secretion of inflammatory mediators, the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and identification of its molecular targets were elucidated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage-like cells. Moreover, the suppressive actions of Mc-ME were examined in an LPS-induced peritonitis mouse model. RESULTS At nontoxic concentrations, Mc-ME downregulated the release of nitric oxide (NO), the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β from LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. This extract also inhibited the nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 and the phosphorylation of IκBα, IKK, and AKT. Western blot analysis and in vitro kinase assays confirmed that phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) is the direct immunopharmacological target of Mc-ME effect. In addition, Mc-ME significantly reduced inflammatory signs in an animal model of acute peritonitis. These effects were associated with decreased NO production and decreased AKT phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Mc-ME displays anti-inflammatory actions in LPS-treated macrophage-like cells and in an animal model of acute inflammatory disease. These actions are preferentially managed by targeting PDK1 in the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Gu Jeong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunggyu Kim
- Research and Business Foundation, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunji Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Jeong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Seok Yang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsang Oh
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Imran M, Rauf A, Shah ZA, Saeed F, Imran A, Arshad MU, Ahmad B, Bawazeer S, Atif M, Peters DG, Mubarak MS. Chemo-preventive and therapeutic effect of the dietary flavonoid kaempferol: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2018; 33:263-275. [PMID: 30402931 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Kaempferol, a natural flavonoid present in several plants, possesses a wide range of therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. It has a significant role in reducing cancer and can act as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of diseases and ailments such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, oxidative stress, asthma, and microbial contamination disorders. Kaempferol acts through different mechanisms: It induces apoptosis (HeLa cervical cancer cells), decreases cell viability (G2/M phase), downregulates phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT (protein kinase B) and human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus-I (HTLV-I) signaling pathways, suppresses protein expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers including N-cadherin, E-cadherin, Slug, and Snail, and metastasis-related markers such as matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP-2). Accordingly, the aim of the present review is to collect information pertaining to the effective role of kaempferol against various degenerative disorders, summarize the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antiaging effects of kaempferol and to review the progress of recent research and available data on kaempferol as a protective and chemotherapeutic agent against several ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied and Health Sciences, The University of Lahore-Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi Anbar, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ali Shah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi Anbar, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Faculty of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Faculty of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair Arshad
- Faculty of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sami Bawazeer
- Department of EMS. Paramedic, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Atif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dennis G Peters
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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14
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Shao Y, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Jiang M, Khan A, Zhao T, Zhou Z, Cheng G, Cao J. A New Immunosuppressive Pregnane Glycoside and Two Known Analogues from Epigynum cochinchinensis. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate soluble fraction from the leaves of Epigynum cochinchinensis led to the isolation of one new C21 pregnane glycoside, epigycoside C (1), along with two known analogues epigycoside A (2) and epigynoside G (3). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic techniques. The in vitro immunosuppressive activity of compound 1 was evaluated against concanavalin A (Con A)- and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated proliferation of mice splenocytes. Compound 1 displayed significant immunosuppressive activities in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shao
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjun Jiang
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Afsar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad-22060, Pakistan
| | - Tianrui Zhao
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of TCM, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
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15
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Sohn EJ, Park HT. Natural agents mediated autophagic signal networks in cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:110. [PMID: 29209152 PMCID: PMC5704453 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggested that natural compounds are important in finding targets for cancer treatments. Autophagy (“self-eating”) plays important roles in multiple diseases and acts as a tumor suppressor in cancer. Here, we examined the molecular mechanism by which natural agents regulate autophagic signals. Understanding the relationship between natural agents and cellular autophagy may provide more information for cancer diagnosis and chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Sohn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701 Republic of Korea.,Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Dongdaesin-Dong, Seo-Gu, Busan, 602-714 Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Tae Park
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Dongdaesin-Dong, Seo-Gu, Busan, 602-714 Republic of Korea
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16
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Syk - GTP RAC-1 mediated immune-stimulatory effect of Cuscuta epithymum, Ipomoea batata and Euphorbia hirta plant extracts. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:742-749. [PMID: 29049977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNn) are the pivotal mediators of phagocytosis. In addition to neutropenia, impaired neutrophilic function is associated with pathological conditions and immuno-deficiencies. Henceforth, Immuno-stimulatory strategies targeting neutrophilic function are indeed powerful tools in combating obstinate infections. In appreciation towards the usefulness of herbal medicines in therapeutic scenario, the present study was carried out to analyse the immuno-stimulatory effect of Cuscuta epithymum, Ipomoea batata and Euphorbia hirta using in-vitro and in-vivo rodent experimental models. Throughout the experimentation, phagocytosis was studied and expressed as phagocytotic index and percentage phagocytosis. Different extracts of these plants were initially screened for their potency to induce phagocytosis in PMNn and the methanolic fractions, which are effective, were considered for further experimentation.The phagocytosis stimulation by the methanolic extracts was compared with the standard Granulocyte Macrophage - Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) at a dose of 65ng/ml. Immunoblotting analysis shown that the methanolic extracts induce the phosphorylation of Syk which in turn phosphorylates GDP-RAC-1, hinting the possible mechanism of action. Following these in vitro investigations, the potency of methanolic extracts was assessed using rat model by performing carbon clearance assay, Delayed Type Hypersensitivity and antibody titre.The phosphorylation status of Syk and GDP-RAC-1 was also assessed in the edematous fluid collected from the right hind paw. In vivo findings were in agreement with the in vitro findings by presenting an improved immune response and increased phosphorylation of Syk and GDP-RAC-1. Conclusively, this study provides the initial insights into the therapeutic implications of the tropical plants in inducing phagocytosis.
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17
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Martel J, Ko YF, Ojcius DM, Lu CC, Chang CJ, Lin CS, Lai HC, Young JD. Immunomodulatory Properties of Plants and Mushrooms. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:967-981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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18
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Yi YS, Kim MY, Cho JY. JS-III-49, a hydroquinone derivative, exerts anti-inflammatory activity by targeting Akt and p38. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:345-352. [PMID: 28461777 PMCID: PMC5409119 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.3.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Since previous studies have reported that hydroquinone (HQ) exerted immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activity, various HQ derivatives have been synthesized and their biological activities investigated. In this study, we explored the anti-inflammatory activity of JS-III-49, a novel HQ derivative, in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses. JS-III-49 suppressed the production of the inflammatory mediators nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and down-regulated the mRNA expression of the inflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as well as the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1b without cytotoxicity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. JS-III-49 inhibited nuclear translocation of the NF-kB transcription factors p65 and p50 by directly targeting Akt, an upstream kinase of the NF-kB pathway, in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. However, JS-III-49 did not directly inhibit the kinase activities of Src and Syk, which are upstream kinases of Akt, in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, JS-III-49 suppressed the nuclear translocation of c-Fos, one of the components of AP-1, by specifically targeting p38, an upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the AP-1 pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that JS-III-49 plays an anti-inflammatory role in LPS-stimulated macrophages by targeting Akt and p38 in the NF-kB and AP-1 pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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19
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Wan Z, Yao YC, Gao F, Cai SB, Khan A, Zhao TR, Yang XY, Fan J, Qian SY, Cao JX, Cheng GG. A new immunosuppressive pregnane glycoside from aqueous fraction of Epigynum cochinchinensis. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2893-2899. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1306702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zong Wan
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Yao
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Gao
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Bao Cai
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Afsar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Tian-Rui Zhao
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Fan
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Yan Qian
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Characteristic Microbial Research & Drug Development, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Xin Cao
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gui-Guang Cheng
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Kang GD, Kim DH. Ponciretin attenuates ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice by inhibiting inflammatory responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 43:179-186. [PMID: 28013186 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poncirin (PO) and isosakuranetin (or ponciretin [PT]) are compounds found in fruits of the genus Citrus. They are frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammation and asthma. Therefore, we examined their anti-gastritis effects in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The anti-inflammatory effects of PO and PT were examined using ethanol- or LPS-stimulated KATO III cells. Gastritis was induced in ICR mice via intragastric injection of absolute ethanol. Levels of inflammatory markers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Treatment with PT or PO inhibited the secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in ethanol- or LPS-stimulated KATO III cells. They also reduced the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Pre-treatment with PT or PO significantly protected against ethanol-induced hemorrhagic gastritis, characterized by edema, tissue erosions, and mucosal friability in mice. Treatment with PT or PO suppressed ethanol-induced NF-κB activation and the release of TNF, IL-8, and IFN-γ. The protective effect of PT was greater than that of PO and comparable to ranitidine, a positive control. CONCLUSION PT may attenuate ethanol-induced gastritis by inhibiting the infiltration of immune cells, including neutrophils, via the regulation of CXCL4 (or IL-8) secretion and the activation NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Dan Kang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Yi YS, Cho JY, Kim D. Cerbera manghas methanol extract exerts anti-inflammatory activity by targeting c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the AP-1 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:387-396. [PMID: 27562319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cerbera manghas L. (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used to ameliorate the clinical signs of inflammatory diseases and hypertension. AIM OF STUDY Although C. manghas L. has long been used as a traditional remedy for various diseases, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. A detailed investigation of these mechanisms is necessary to demonstrate the ethnopharmaceutical utility of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of C. manghas methanol extract (Cm-ME) on the production of inflammatory mediators and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and identification of molecular targets were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophages in vitro. In addition, the inhibitory effects of Cm-ME orally administered were tested by LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced hepatitis and LPS-induced peritonitis mouse models in vivo. RESULTS Cm-ME downregulated the production of prostaglandin (PG)E2 and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells under non-toxic concentration of Cm-ME. This extract inhibited the nuclear translocation of c-Jun and p-ATF2, the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, and AP-1 activity. Western blot analysis and in vitro kinase assay confirmed that JNK is a direct pharmacological target of Cm-ME action. In addition, Cm-ME significantly ameliorated the clinical signs of LPS/D-GalN-induced hepatitis and lowered the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the phosphorylation of JNK in LPS-induced peritonitis conditions. CONCLUSION Cm-ME exerts anti-inflammatory actions on LPS-stimulated macrophages and in mouse models of acute inflammatory disease. These actions are predominantly mediated by targeting JNK in the AP-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Kim
- Laboratory of Bio-informatics, Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dankook University, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Functional Role of Milk Fat Globule-Epidermal Growth Factor VIII in Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses and Inflammatory/Autoimmune Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5628486. [PMID: 27429513 PMCID: PMC4939324 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5628486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation involves a series of complex biological processes mediated by innate immunity for host defense against pathogen infection. Chronic inflammation is considered to be one of the major causes of serious diseases, including a number of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a secreted protein found in vertebrates and was initially discovered as a critical component of the milk fat globule. Previously, a number of studies have reported that MFG-E8 contributes to various biological functions including the phagocytic removal of damaged and apoptotic cells from tissues, the induction of VEGF-mediated neovascularization, the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis, and the promotion of mucosal healing. Recently, emerging studies have reported that MFG-E8 plays a role in inflammatory responses and inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. This review describes the characteristics of MFG-E8-mediated signaling pathways, summarizes recent findings supporting the roles of MFG-E8 in inflammatory responses and inflammatory/autoimmune diseases, and discusses MFG-E8 targeting as a potential therapeutic strategy for the development of anti-inflammatory/autoimmune disease drugs.
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4-Isopropyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)aniline 1, an Analogue of KTH-13 Isolated from Cordyceps bassiana, Inhibits the NF-κB-Mediated Inflammatory Response. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:143025. [PMID: 26819495 PMCID: PMC4706927 DOI: 10.1155/2015/143025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cordyceps species has been a good source of compounds with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Recently, we reported a novel compound (4-isopropyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)phenol, KTH-13) with anticancer activity isolated from Cordyceps bassiana and created several derivatives to increase its pharmacological activity. In this study, we tested one of the KTH-013 derivatives, 4-isopropyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)aniline 1 (KTH-13-AD1), with regard to anti-inflammatory activity under macrophage-mediated inflammatory conditions. KTH-13-AD1 clearly suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and sodium nitroprusside- (SNP-) treated macrophage-like cells (RAW264.7 cells). Similarly, this compound also reduced mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as analyzed by RT-PCR and real-time PCR. Interestingly, KTH-13-AD1 strongly diminished NF-κB-mediated luciferase activities and nuclear translocation of NF-κB family proteins. In accordance, KTH-13-AD1 suppressed the upstream signaling pathway of NF-κB activation, including IκBα, IKKα/β, AKT, p85/PI3K, and Src in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The autophosphorylation of Src and NF-κB observed during the overexpression of Src was also suppressed by KTH-13-AD1. These results strongly suggest that KTH-13-AD1 has strong anti-inflammatory features mediated by suppression of the Src/NF-κB regulatory loop.
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Kim JH, Kim MY, Kim JH, Cho JY. Fisetin Suppresses Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses by Blockade of Src and Syk. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2015; 23:414-20. [PMID: 26336580 PMCID: PMC4556200 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2015.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, such as fisetin (3,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxyflavone), are plant secondary metabolites. It has been reported that fisetin is able to perform numerous pharmacological roles including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer activities; however, the exact anti-inflammatory mechanism of fisetin is not understood. In this study, the pharmacological action modes of fisetin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage-like cells were elucidated by using immunoblotting analysis, kinase assays, and an overexpression strategy. Fisetin diminished the release of nitric oxide (NO) and reduced the mRNA levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without displaying cytotoxicity. This compound also blocked the nuclear translocation of p65/nuclear factor (NF)-κB. In agreement, the upstream phosphorylation events for NF-κB activation, composed of Src, Syk, and IκBα, were also reduced by fisetin. The phospho-Src level, triggered by overexpression of wild-type Src, was also inhibited by fisetin. Therefore, these results strongly suggest that fisetin can be considered a bioactive immunomodulatory compound with anti-inflammatory properties through suppression of Src and Syk activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- School of Systems Biological Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746
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The dietary flavonoid Kaempferol mediates anti-inflammatory responses via the Src, Syk, IRAK1, and IRAK4 molecular targets. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:904142. [PMID: 25922567 PMCID: PMC4398932 DOI: 10.1155/2015/904142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though a lot of reports have suggested the anti-inflammatory activity of kaempferol (KF) in macrophages, little is known about its exact anti-inflammatory mode of action and its immunopharmacological target molecules. In this study, we explored anti-inflammatory activity of KF in LPS-treated macrophages. In particular, molecular targets for KF action were identified by using biochemical and molecular biological analyses. KF suppressed the release of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), downregulated the cellular adhesion of U937 cells to fibronectin (FN), neutralized the generation of radicals, and diminished mRNA expression levels of inflammatory genes encoding inducible NO synthase (iNOS), TNF-α, and cyclooxygenase- (COX-) 2 in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) and sodium nitroprusside- (SNP-) treated RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. KF reduced NF-κB (p65 and p50) and AP-1 (c-Jun and c-Fos) levels in the nucleus and their transcriptional activity. Interestingly, it was found that Src, Syk, IRAK1, and IRAK4 responsible for NF-κB and AP-1 activation were identified as the direct molecular targets of KF by kinase enzyme assays and by measuring their phosphorylation patterns. KF was revealed to have in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity by the direct suppression of Src, Syk, IRAK1, and IRAK4, involved in the activation of NF-κB and AP-1.
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Accumulation of kaempferitrin and expression of phenyl-propanoid biosynthetic genes in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus). Molecules 2014; 19:16987-97. [PMID: 25342553 PMCID: PMC6270828 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191016987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) is cultivated worldwide for its fiber; however, the medicinal properties of this plant are currently attracting increasing attention. In this study, we investigated the expression levels of genes involved in the biosynthesis of kaempferitrin, a compound with many biological functions, in different kenaf organs. We found that phenylalanine ammonia lyase (HcPAL) was more highly expressed in stems than in other organs. Expression levels of cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (HcC4H) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (Hc4CL) were highest in mature leaves, followed by stems and young leaves, and lowest in roots and mature flowers. The expression of chalcone synthase (HcCHS), chalcone isomerase (HcCHI), and flavone 3-hydroxylase (HcF3H) was highest in young flowers, whereas that of flavone synthase (HcFLS) was highest in leaves. An analysis of kaempferitrin accumulation in the different organs of kenaf revealed that the accumulation of this compound was considerably higher (>10-fold) in leaves than in other organs. On the basis of a comparison of kaempferitrin contents with the expression levels of different genes in different organs, we speculate that HcFLS plays an important regulatory role in the kaempferitrin biosynthetic pathway in kenaf.
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Pérez-Cano FJ, Massot-Cladera M, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Castell M. Flavonoids Affect Host-Microbiota Crosstalk through TLR Modulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2014; 3:649-70. [PMID: 26785232 PMCID: PMC4665504 DOI: 10.3390/antiox3040649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction between host cells and microbes is known as crosstalk. Among other mechanisms, this takes place when certain molecules of the micro-organisms are recognized by the toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the body cells, mainly in the intestinal epithelial cells and in the immune cells. TLRs belong to the pattern-recognition receptors and represent the first line of defense against pathogens, playing a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immunity. Dysregulation in the activity of such receptors can lead to the development of chronic and severe inflammation as well as immunological disorders. Among components present in the diet, flavonoids have been suggested as antioxidant dietary factors able to modulate TLR-mediated signaling pathways. This review focuses on the molecular targets involved in the modulatory action of flavonoids on TLR-mediated signaling pathways, providing an overview of the mechanisms involved in such action. Particular flavonoids have been able to modify the composition of the microbiota, to modulate TLR gene and protein expression, and to regulate the downstream signaling molecules involved in the TLR pathway. These synergistic mechanisms suggest the role of some flavonoids in the preventive effect on certain chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Pérez-Cano
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Malen Massot-Cladera
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria J Rodríguez-Lagunas
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, E-08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Margarida Castell
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Mahmud I, Islam MK, Saha S, Barman AK, Rahman MM, Anisuzzman M, Rahman T, Al-Nahain A, Jahan R, Rahmatullah M. Pharmacological and Ethnomedicinal Overview of Heritiera fomes: Future Prospects. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:938543. [PMID: 27382611 PMCID: PMC4897052 DOI: 10.1155/2014/938543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove plants are specialized woody plants growing in the swamps of tidal-coastal areas and river deltas of tropical and subtropical parts of the world. They have been utilized for medicinal and other purposes by the coastal people over the years. Heritiera fomes Buch. Ham. (family: Sterculiaceae) commonly known as Sundari (Bengali) is a preeminent mangrove plant occurring in the Sundarbans forest located in the southern part of Bangladesh and adjoining West Bengal province of India. The plant has applications in traditional folk medicine as evidenced by its extensive use for treating diabetes, hepatic disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, goiter, and skin diseases by the local people and traditional health practitioners. A number of investigations indicated that the plant possesses significant antioxidant, antinociceptive, antihyperglycemic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. Phytochemical analyses have revealed the presence of important chemical constituents like saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, gums, phytosterols, and reducing sugars. The present study is aimed at compiling information on phytochemical, biological, pharmacological, and ethnobotanical properties of this important medicinal plant, with a view to critically assess the legitimacy of the use of this plant in the aforementioned disorders as well as providing directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Mahmud
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khirul Islam
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjib Saha
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Apurba Kumar Barman
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mustafizur Rahman
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anisuzzman
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Taufiq Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Abdullah Al-Nahain
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
| | - Rownak Jahan
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
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Functional roles of Syk in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:270302. [PMID: 25045209 PMCID: PMC4090447 DOI: 10.1155/2014/270302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a series of complex biological responses to protect the host from pathogen invasion. Chronic inflammation is considered a major cause of diseases, such as various types of inflammatory/autoimmune diseases and cancers. Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) was initially found to be highly expressed in hematopoietic cells and has been known to play crucial roles in adaptive immune responses. However, recent studies have reported that Syk is also involved in other biological functions, especially in innate immune responses. Although Syk has been extensively studied in adaptive immune responses, numerous studies have recently presented evidence that Syk has critical functions in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and is closely related to innate immune response. This review describes the characteristics of Syk-mediated signaling pathways, summarizes the recent findings supporting the crucial roles of Syk in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and diseases, and discusses Syk-targeted drug development for the therapy of inflammatory diseases.
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