1
|
Song X, Yang Y, Li J, He M, Zou Y, Jia R, Li L, Hang J, Cui M, Bai L, Yin Z. Tannins extract from Galla Chinensis can protect mice from infection by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli O101. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:84. [PMID: 33676495 PMCID: PMC7937208 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is classically associated with acute secretory diarrhea, which induces 2 million people death in developing countries over a year, predominantly children in the first years of life. Previously, tannins (47.75%) were extracted from Galla Chinensis and prepared as Galla Chinensis oral solution (GOS) which showed significant antidiarrheal activity in a castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice. Whether the tannins extract were also effective in treatment of ETEC-induced diarrhea was determined in this study. Methods Mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 22). The mice in the normal and untreated groups were given normal saline. Three GOS-treated groups were received different concentrations of GOS (5, 10 and 15%, respectively) at a dose of 10 mL/kg. Mice in the positive control group were fed with loperamide (10 mg/kg). The treatment with GOS started 3 days before infection with ETEC and continued for 4 consecutive days after infection. On day 3, mice were all infected with one dose of LD50 of ETEC, except those in the normal group. Survival of mice was observed daily and recorded throughout the study. On days 4 and 7, samples were collected from 6 mice in each group. Results GOS could increase the survival rate up to 75%, while in the untreated group it is 43.75%. The body weights of mice treated with 15% GOS were significantly increased on day 7 in comparison with the untreated group and the normal group. GOS-treatment recovered the small intestine coefficient enhanced by ETEC-infection. The diarrhea index of mice treated with GOS was significantly decreased. GOS increased the levels of IgG and sIgA in the terminal ileum and decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8) in serum. GOS could increase the amount of intestinal probiotics, Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria. GOS could alleviate colon lesions induced by ETEC-infection. GOS showed higher potency than loperamide. Conclusions GOS could be a promising drug candidate for treating ETEC infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Junzhi Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mengxue He
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Juan Hang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Min Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Lu Bai
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu B, Liu QM, Li GL, Sun LC, Gao YY, Zhang YF, Liu H, Cao MJ, Liu GM. The anti-diarrhea activity of red algae-originated sulphated polysaccharides on ETEC-K88 infected mice. RSC Adv 2019; 9:2360-2370. [PMID: 35520502 PMCID: PMC9059870 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09247h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides from red algae Porphyra haitanensis and Gracilaria lemaneiformis possess various bioactive functions, however, their anti-diarrhea activity remains incompletely defined. In the current study, sulphated polysaccharides were extracted by high pressure treatment plus ethanol precipitation from these two algae, and named PHSP(hp) and GLSP(hp), respectively. PHSP(hp) and GLSP(hp) showed decreased viscosity and molecular weight. Meanwhile, they have a certain immunomodulatory effect on wound healing and migration of RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, they significantly increased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). A BALB/c model infected by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-K88 was also established to evaluate the anti-diarrhea activity of PHSP(hp) and GLSP(hp). The results showed that PHSP(hp) and GLSP(hp) were able to alleviate mice diarrhea symptoms. Meanwhile, they inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressed the secretion of immunoglobulin A via reducing the population of B cells. In addition, the nitroblue tetrazolium levels of mouse serum were decreased. Taken together, PHSP(hp) and GLSP(hp) alleviated the inflammatory response of ETEC-K88-induced diarrhea through both specific and non-specific immunity. Sulphated polysaccharides from red algae may be used as functional food components for remitting diarrhea. Polysaccharides from red algae Porphyra haitanensis and Gracilaria lemaneiformis possess various bioactive functions, however, their anti-diarrhea activity remains incompletely defined.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources
- Jimei University
| | - Qing-Mei Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources
- Jimei University
| | - Gui-Ling Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources
- Jimei University
| | - Le-Chang Sun
- College of Food and Biological Engineering
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources
- Jimei University
| | - Yuan-Yuan Gao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources
- Jimei University
| | - Ya-Fen Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources
- Jimei University
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources
- Jimei University
| | - Min-Jie Cao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources
- Jimei University
| | - Guang-Ming Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources
- Jimei University
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yankuzo HM, Baraya YS, Mustapha Z, Wong KK, Yaacob NS. Immunomodulatory effects of a bioactive fraction of Strobilanthes crispus in NMU-induced rat mammary tumor model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 213:31-37. [PMID: 29100935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Strobilanthes crispus Blume is traditionally consumed among local Malay and indigenous communities for the treatment of cancer and other ailments such as gastrointestinal disorders, inflammatory wounds of snake bite and immune system activation amongst others. We previously demonstrated that a bioactive fraction of S. crispus leaves (F3) was cytotoxic to breast cancer cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced breast cancer rat model. F3 also normalized the white blood cell count in the tumor-bearing animals, indicating its potential immuno-stimulatory effect. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the immune stimulatory effects of F3 from S. crispus in NMU-induced rat mammary tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry analysis of cellular immune parameters (CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, CIITA, MHC-II and CD68) was performed on NMU-induced rat mammary tumor nodules, followed by evaluation of the serum level of 34 cytokines using the cytokine antibody array. RESULTS Significant increase in MHC-II, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell and CIITA expression by tumor cells was observed in F3-treated rats compared to the tumor control group. F3-treated rats also displayed a significant decrease in the serum level of CCL2 and CD68+ infiltrating macrophages. Serum IFN-γ level in this group was increased by 1.7-fold suggesting enhanced infiltration of T cells, and upregulation of CIITA and MHC-II expression in the tumor cells might be triggered by F3-induced production of IFN-γ. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated for the first time that a subfraction from S. crispus, F3, is capable of activating the immune system in rats-bearing NMU-induced mammary tumor, which may contribute to the anticancer effects of F3, and additionally support the traditional use of S. crispus leaves to boost the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Muhammad Yankuzo
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Yusha'u Shu'aibu Baraya
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Zulkarnain Mustapha
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kah Keng Wong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Soriani Yaacob
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin WS, Lo JH, Yang JH, Wang HW, Fan SZ, Yen JH, Wang PY. Ludwigia octovalvis extract improves glycemic control and memory performance in diabetic mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 207:211-219. [PMID: 28666833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H. Raven (Onagraceae) extracts have historically been consumed as a healthful drink for treating various conditions, including edema, nephritis, hypotension and diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY We have previously shown that Ludwigia octovalvis extract (LOE) can significantly extend lifespan and improve age-related memory deficits in Drosophila melanogaster through activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Since AMPK has become a critical target for treating diabetes, we herein investigate the anti-hyperglycemic potential of LOE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Differentiated C2C12 muscle cells, HepG2 hepatocellular cells, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and high fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice were used to investigate the anti-hyperglycemic potential of LOE. The open field test and novel object recognition test were used to evaluate spontaneous motor activity and memory performance of HFD-induced diabetic mice. RESULTS In differentiated C2C12 muscle cells and HepG2 hepatocellular cells, treatments with LOE and its active component (β-sitosterol) induced significant AMPK phosphorylation. LOE also enhanced uptake of a fluorescent glucose derivative (2-NBDG) and inhibited glucose production in these cells. The beneficial effects of LOE were completely abolished when an AMPK inhibitor, dorsomorphin, was added to the culture system, suggesting that LOE requires AMPK activation for its action in vitro. In streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, we found that both LOE and β-sitosterol induced an anti-hyperglycemic effect comparable to that of metformin, a drug that is commonly prescribed to treat diabetes. Moreover, LOE also improved glycemic control and memory performance of mice fed a HFD. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that LOE is a potent anti-diabetic intervention that may have potential for future clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sheng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Shou-Zen Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Pei-Yu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Effect of Modified Pulsatilla Powder on Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli O101-Induced Diarrhea in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:3687486. [PMID: 28798800 PMCID: PMC5535703 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3687486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MPP can be effective in the treatment of E. coli O101-induced diarrhea in mice. MPP can improve the weight loss caused by diarrhea, increase spleen and thymus indices, and reduce the diarrhea index. MPP can reduce the number of WBC, regulate the level of cytokines, and regulate the intestinal microbial flora. These data suggest that MPP is a promising candidate for treatment of E. coli-induced diarrhea in humans and animals.
Collapse
|
6
|
Complete Plastome Sequence of Ludwigia octovalvis (Onagraceae), a Globally Distributed Wetland Plant. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/6/e01274-16. [PMID: 27856583 PMCID: PMC5114375 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01274-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present the first plastome of Ludwigia octovalvis (Onagraceae, Myrtales) as well as the first plastome in the subfamily Ludwigioideae. This genome is notable for its contracted inverted repeat regions and an expanded small single-copy region compared to other species in the orders Myrtales and Geraniales.
Collapse
|