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Singh AK, Gangakhedkar R, Thakur HS, Raman SK, Patil SA, Jain V. Mycobacteriophage D29 Lysin B exhibits promising anti-mycobacterial activity against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0459722. [PMID: 37800970 PMCID: PMC10714809 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04597-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE To combat the rapidly emerging drug-resistant M. tuberculosis, it is now essential to look for alternative therapeutics. Mycobacteriophages can be considered as efficient therapeutics due to their natural ability to infect and kill mycobacteria including M. tuberculosis. Here, we have exploited the mycolyl-arabinogalactan esterase property of LysB encoded from mycobacteriophage D29. This study is novel in terms of targeting a multi-drug-resistant pathogenic strain of M. tuberculosis with LysB and also examining the combination of anti-TB drugs and LysB. All the experiments include external administration of LysB. Therefore, the remarkable lytic activity of LysB overcomes the difficulty to enter the complex cell envelope of mycobacteria. Targeting the intracellularly located M. tuberculosis by LysB and non-toxicity to macrophages take the process of the development of LysB as a drug one step ahead, and also, the interaction studies with rifampicin and isoniazid will help to form a new treatment regimen against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Singh
- Experimental Animal Facility, ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, M. Miyazaki Marg, Tajganj, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rutuja Gangakhedkar
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India
| | - Hemant Singh Thakur
- Experimental Animal Facility, ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, M. Miyazaki Marg, Tajganj, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Raman
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Shripad A. Patil
- Experimental Animal Facility, ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, M. Miyazaki Marg, Tajganj, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Jain
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India
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A Comprehensive Review with Future Prospects on the Medicinal Properties and Biological Activities of Curcuma caesia Roxb. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:7006565. [PMID: 36704214 PMCID: PMC9873438 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7006565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants are the primary source of the food chain and are rich in nutrients and biochemical compounds that mainly give beneficial effects to humans as well as other living organisms. Curcuma caesia Roxb. is a family member of Zingiberaceae commonly known as black turmeric. The leaves and rhizomes of this plant are extensively used in Ayurvedic medicine and as traditional remedies for various ailments. The aromatic rhizomes and leaves are due to the presence of essential oils reported as camphor, ar-turmerone, (Z)-β-ocimene, ar-curcumene, 1,8-cineole, β-elemene, borneol, bornyl acetate, tropolone, ledol, β-elemenone, and α-bulnesene. Previous research studies have revealed most of the biological activities of C. caesia, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, which are due to the presence of various bioactive components. The diverse chemical composition contained in this plant contributes to various biological activities, which may be beneficial for the health, food, and cosmetic industries. The purpose of this review was to summarise updated research on the in vitro and in vivo activities of C. caesia as well as the current clinical investigations. A compilation of the latest findings regarding the potential activities of C. caesia and mechanisms related to its health benefits is discussed and reviewed. This valuable information is the key that can be used for the development of drugs, functional food ingredients, and food products.
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Montaholi DC, Valverde TL, Sampiron EG, Bortoluci WC, Gazim ZC, Caleffi-Ferracioli KR, Scodro RB, Siqueira VL, Cardoso RF. Essential oil of Gallesia integrifolia is active against mycobacteria. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:107-116. [PMID: 36661097 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There is critical need for new therapeutic options for treatment of diseases caused by mycobacteria. Materials & methods: Gallesia integrifolia essential oils (EOs) and crude extracts (CEs) were tested for their anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis and anti-nontuberculous mycobacteria activity. Results: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EOs ranged from 15.63 to 62.5 μg/ml against M. tuberculosis and 62.5 to >250 μg/ml against nontuberculous mycobacteria. CEs showed low activity. All EO tested demonstrated synergism with antituberculosis drugs. The cytotoxicity of EOs and CEs, in different cell lines, showed selectivity index from 2.2 to 9.8 and >0.056 to 2.0, respectively. Conclusion: G. integrifolia EOs are a candidate for the development of new therapeutic options in the treatment of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora C Montaholi
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Tamires L Valverde
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Eloísa G Sampiron
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Wanessa C Bortoluci
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Parana, 87502-210, Brazil
| | - Zilda C Gazim
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Parana, 87502-210, Brazil
| | - Katiany R Caleffi-Ferracioli
- Postgraduate Program in Bioscience & Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Regiane Bl Scodro
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Vera Ld Siqueira
- Postgraduate Program in Bioscience & Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Rosilene F Cardoso
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, 87020-900, Brazil
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Singh A, Kumar S, Gupta VK, Singh S, Dwivedi VD, Mina U. Computational assessment of Withania somnifera phytomolecules as putative inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CTP synthase PyrG. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-14. [PMID: 35549811 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2074142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Genome evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) produces new strains resistant to various pre-existing anti-tubercular drugs. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore potent compounds with the most negligible side effects and effective Mtb inhibition. Mtb PyrG (CTP synthase) is a crucial enzyme for the conversion of the uridine triphosphate (UTP) into cytidine triphosphate (CTP) and is essential for the growth of Mtb. Thus, in this study, phytochemicals of Withania somnifera (W. somnifera) were screened to find the potential inhibitors against Mtb PyrG. Molecular docking resulted in the identification of quercetin 3-rutinoside-7-glucoside, rutin, chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid C with a substantial docking score (from -12.6 to -10.8 kcal/mol) contributed by significant intermolecular interactions. Furthermore, 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation, ADME analysis and free binding energy calculations support the stability of docked complexes and drug-likeness for selected compounds, respectively. Collectively, these findings suggest that phytochemicals present in W. somnifera can be considered for further evaluation against Mtb in a series of in vitro and in vivo models.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Singh
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, India
| | - Shailja Singh
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Dhar Dwivedi
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Computational and Systems Biology, Pathfinder Research and Training Foundation, Greater Noida, India
| | - Usha Mina
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Leonti M. The relevance of quantitative ethnobotanical indices for ethnopharmacology and ethnobotany. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 288:115008. [PMID: 35066067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As an interdisciplinary field of research ethnopharmacology draws on methodologies and methods from a variety of disciplines. A range of ethnobotanical indices are frequently used to transform primary data obtained through field studies into statistical measures. These indices are claimed to serve as a proxy for efficacy or drug discovery (Fidelity Level 'FL') and to show the importance of botanical drugs and plants used as medicines (Relative Importance 'RI', Use Value 'UV' or Cultural Importance Index 'CI', Cultural Value Index 'CV', Relative Frequency of Citation 'RFC'). This is, however, doubtful, as these indices have not been developed by statisticians, nor by pharmacologists while a proof of concept is lacking. Moreover, the question whether a simple number can summarize the cultural value or importance of plants is not only mathematical but also epistemological. MATERIAL AND METHODS The FL, RI, UV/CI, CV and the RFC are shortly reviewed. Their statistical rigour is explained and the relevance for ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology and drug discovery discussed. RESULTS The effect of the sample size on the dispersal of data and the differential probability of botanical drugs being used for the different categories of use are not being considered by these indices. They lack statistical rigour and are simple percentage calculations. Moreover, important factors influencing plant use, such as the availability of pharmaceutical drugs, or the severity of diseases covered by the use-categories, are not accounted for. CONCLUSION Especially unexperienced and young researchers may be ensnared by using ethnobotanical indices to describe their field data. However, the cultural value and importance of plants in general, and more specifically, of medicinal plants and botanical drugs cannot be summed up by numbers. The discussed indices encrypt parts of the primary data but fail to show the value or importance of plant use because the reasons for which plants are valued or important to people are far more complex than what the formulations of these indices suggest. The indices also lack the power to pinpoint plant species or botanical drugs for drug discovery that contextualized primary data has. Botanical drugs may be useful for a range of disorders or only for specific indications, according to their pharmacologic properties. Therefore, the exclusiveness of therapeutical applications (FL) does not serve as a proxy for effectiveness. The solution is to use and understand the contextualized primary data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Leonti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy.
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Thuan NH, Polimati H, Alluri R, Tatipamula VB. Bioassay-guided isolation of antimycobacterial substances from the traditionally used lichen Cladonia pyxidata (L.) Hoffm. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:95. [PMID: 35371903 PMCID: PMC8927554 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to provide a scientific rationale for the folklore usage of Cladonia pyxidata (L.) Hoffm. in treating tuberculosis (Tb). Through bioassay-guided isolation, antimycobacterial metabolites were isolated from under-investigated lichen C. pyxidata and examined against M.t H37Ra and six MDR strains. Further, the cytotoxicity of all isolated metabolites was evaluated on THP-1 macrophages. Bioassay-guided isolation of acetone extract of C. pyxidata yielded four metabolites, namely usnic acid, atranorin, barbatic acid, and fumarprotocetraric acid. Among those, the MIC values of usnic acid and fumarprotocetraric acid showed more effective in inhibiting the growth of six MDR strains, compared to first-line drug rifampicin. In addition, the 50% inhibitory concentration values of these two compounds on THP-1 were found to be far higher than MIC values against tested Tb strains, indicating that THP-1 macrophages were not harmfully affected at concentrations that were effective against M.t and MDR strains. The results exposed the traditional use of C. pyxidata for treating Tb, and the key metabolites were found to be usnic acid and fumarprotocetraric acid. The current study lends the first evidence for the presence of antimycobacterial compounds in C. pyxidata. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03159-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Huy Thuan
- Center for Molecular Biology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000 Vietnam
| | - Haritha Polimati
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Ramesh Alluri
- Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Narspapur, 502313 Telangana India
| | - Vinay Bharadwaj Tatipamula
- Center for Molecular Biology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000 Vietnam
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000 Vietnam
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Singh A, Singh V, Ananthan R, Kumar BD. Evaluation of immunomodulatory and antioxidants properties of Kwath, conventional extracts in plants Cocculus hirsutus and Cuscuta reflexa - in vitro &ex vivo studies. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100537. [PMID: 35026525 PMCID: PMC8760447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The consumption of ‘Patalagarudi’ (Cocculus hirsutus ‘CHP’) and ‘Amarbel’ (Cuscuta reflexa ‘CRA’) as ethnic plants for health promotions rarely validated. The limited literature reported these plants as antioxidant and immunomodulators. Objective To evaluate the biodynamic properties of CHP and CRA extracts. Methodology The traditional formulation, ‘Kwath’ (K) and conventional extracts were prepared with CRA and CHP. The total phenolic content (TPC) was estimated. Various polyphenol compounds in the extracts were eluted on UHPLC. The biodynamic activities; i. Free radical scavenging (FRS-DPPH and ABTS), ii. Intracellular ROS scavenging activity in RAW 264.7 cell line iii. Spleenocytes proliferation assay for Th1/Th2 Immunomodulatory potential by flow-cytometer were assessed. Results The TPC in CRA (105–159 μg GAE/mg) and CHP (35–48 μg GAE/mg) recorded. The chromatographic peaks confirmed the presence of polyphenols in CRA and CHP extracts. UV spectra of the extracts to the extent possible have been correlated with certain polyphenols. The FRS (IC50) was significantly low in CRA-K (DPPH = 22.7; ABTS = 12.0 μg/ml) than CHP-K (DPPH = 70.4; ABTS = 50.2 μg/ml). Similarly, intracellular ROS scavenging activity with CRA-K (84%) showed the highest inhibitory potential compared to CHP-K (50%) and LPS control. The immunomodulatory activity of CRA-K significantly upregulated TH1 cytokines (TNFα and IFN-γ). The downregulation of Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) was in all CRA and CHP extracts as compared to Con A. Conclusion The current study confirms the immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties of CRA and CHP along with the presence of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Singh
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Vandana Singh
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - R Ananthan
- Food Chemistry Division, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - B Dinesh Kumar
- Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
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Fatima S, Kumari A, Dwivedi VP. Advances in adjunct therapy against tuberculosis: Deciphering the emerging role of phytochemicals. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:494-513. [PMID: 34977867 PMCID: PMC8706769 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Eastern countries are a major source of medicinal plants, which set up a rich source of ethnopharmacologically known medicines used in the treatment of various diseases. These traditional medicines have been known as complementary, alternative, or nonconventional therapy across globe for ages. Tuberculosis (TB) poses a huge global burden and leads to maximum number of deaths due to an infectious agent. Treatment of TB using Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) therapy comprises multiple antibiotics is quite lengthy and causes serious side-effects in different organs. The length of the TB treatment leads to withdrawal from the patients, which paves the way for the emergence of drug resistance in the bacterial population. These concerns related to therapy need serious and immediate interventions. Traditional medicines using phytochemicals has shown to provide tremendous potential in TB treatment, mainly in the eradication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), increasing natural immunity, and managing the side effects of anti-TB drugs. This review describes the antituberculosis potential of selected ethnopharmacologically important phytochemicals as potential immune-modulator and as an adjunct-therapy in TB. This review will be a useful reference for researchers working on ethnopharmacology and will open the door for the discovery of novel agents as an adjunct-therapy to tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samreen Fatima
- Immunobiology GroupInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Anjna Kumari
- Immunobiology GroupInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Ved Prakash Dwivedi
- Immunobiology GroupInternational Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew DelhiIndia
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Ethnopharmacologic screening of medicinal plants used traditionally by tribal people of Madhya Pradesh, India, for the treatment of snakebites. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Traditional Medicinal Plants as a Source of Antituberculosis Drugs: A System Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9910365. [PMID: 34541000 PMCID: PMC8448615 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9910365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are the chief components in the different oriental formulations in different traditional medical systems worldwide. As a thriving source of medicine, the medicinal plants with antituberculosis (TB) properties inspire the pharmacists to develop new drugs based on their active components or semimetabolites. In the present review, the anti-TB medicinal plants were screened from the scientific literatures, based on the botanical classification and the anti-TB activity. The obtained anti-TB medicinal plants were categorized into three different categories, viz., 159 plants critically examined with a total 335 isolated compounds, 131 plants with their crude extracts showing anti-TB activity, and 27 plants in literature with the prescribed formula by the traditional healers. Our systemic analysis on the medicinal plants can assist the discovery of novel and more efficacious anti-TB drugs.
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Abstract
About half of the world's population and 80% of the world's biodiversity can be found in the tropics. Many diseases are specific to the tropics, with at least 41 diseases caused by endemic bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Such diseases are of increasing concern, as the geographic range of tropical diseases is expanding due to climate change, urbanization, change in agricultural practices, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity. While traditional medicines have been used for centuries in the treatment of tropical diseases, the active natural compounds within these medicines remain largely unknown. In this review, we describe infectious diseases specific to the tropics, including their causative pathogens, modes of transmission, recent major outbreaks, and geographic locations. We further review current treatments for these tropical diseases, carefully consider the biodiscovery potential of the tropical biome, and discuss a range of technologies being used for drug development from natural resources. We provide a list of natural products with antimicrobial activity, detailing the source organisms and their effectiveness as treatment. We discuss how technological advancements, such as next-generation sequencing, are driving high-throughput natural product screening pipelines to identify compounds with therapeutic properties. This review demonstrates the impact natural products from the vast tropical biome have in the treatment of tropical infectious diseases and how high-throughput technical capacity will accelerate this discovery process.
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Taheri Y, Herrera-Bravo J, Huala L, Salazar LA, Sharifi-Rad J, Akram M, Shahzad K, Melgar-Lalanne G, Baghalpour N, Tamimi K, Mahroo-Bakhtiyari J, Kregiel D, Dey A, Kumar M, Suleria HAR, Cruz-Martins N, Cho WC. Cyperus spp.: A Review on Phytochemical Composition, Biological Activity, and Health-Promoting Effects. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4014867. [PMID: 34539969 PMCID: PMC8443348 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4014867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cyperaceae are a plant family of grass-like monocots, comprising 5600 species with a cosmopolitan distribution in temperate and tropical regions. Phytochemically, Cyperus is one of the most promising health supplementing genera of the Cyperaceae family, housing ≈950 species, with Cyperus rotundus L. being the most reported species in pharmacological studies. The traditional uses of Cyperus spp. have been reported against various diseases, viz., gastrointestinal and respiratory affections, blood disorders, menstrual irregularities, and inflammatory diseases. Cyperus spp. are known to contain a plethora of bioactive compounds such as α-cyperone, α-corymbolol, α-pinene, caryophyllene oxide, cyperotundone, germacrene D, mustakone, and zierone, which impart pharmacological properties to its extract. Therefore, Cyperus sp. extracts were preclinically studied and reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, antidepressive, antiarthritic, antiobesity, vasodilator, spasmolytic, bronchodilator, and estrogenic biofunctionalities. Nonetheless, conclusive evidence is still sparse regarding its clinical applications on human diseases. Further studies focused on toxicity data and risk assessment are needed to elucidate its safe and effective application. Moreover, detailed structure-activity studies also need time to explore the candidature of Cyperus-derived phytochemicals as upcoming drugs in pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile
- Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Luis Huala
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile
| | - Luis A. Salazar
- Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khuram Shahzad
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Guiomar Melgar-Lalanne
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n. Col Industrial Ánimas, 91192 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Navid Baghalpour
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoun Tamimi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mahroo-Bakhtiyari
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dorota Kregiel
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR–Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | | | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116, Gandra, PRD, Portugal
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Sarangi A, Das BS, Patnaik G, Sarkar S, Debnath M, Mohan M, Bhattacharya D. Potent anti-mycobacterial and immunomodulatory activity of some bioactive molecules of Indian ethnomedicinal plants that have the potential to enter in TB management. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1578-1599. [PMID: 33772980 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest infectious diseases of human civilization. Approximately one-third of global population is latently infected with the TB pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). The discovery of anti-TB antibiotics leads to decline in death rate of TB. However, the evolution of antibiotic-resistant M.tb-strain and the resurgence of different immune-compromised diseases re-escalated the death rate of TB. WHO has already cautioned about the chances of pandemic situation in TB endemic countries until the discovery of new anti-tubercular drugs, that is, the need of the hour. Analysing the pathogenesis of TB, it was found that M.tb evades the host by altering the balance of immune response and affects either by killing the cells or by creating inflammation. In the pre-antibiotic era, traditional medicines were only therapeutic measures for different infectious diseases including tuberculosis. The ancient literatures of India or ample Indian traditional knowledge and ethnomedicinal practices are evidence for the treatment of TB using different indigenous plants. However, in the light of modern scientific approach, anti-TB effects of those plants and their bioactive molecules were not established thoroughly. In this review, focus has been given on five bioactive molecules of different traditionally used Indian ethnomedicinal plants for treatment of TB or TB-like symptom. These compounds are also validated with proper identification and their mode of action with modern scientific approaches. The effectiveness of these molecules for sensitive or drug-resistant TB pathogen in clinical or preclinical studies was also evaluated. Thus, our specific aim is to highlight such scientifically validated bioactive compounds having anti-mycobacterial and immunomodulatory activity for future use as medicine or adjunct-therapeutic molecule for TB management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sarangi
- Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SOA Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - B S Das
- Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SOA Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - G Patnaik
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sarkar
- Barsal High School, Rampurhat, West Bengal, India
| | - M Debnath
- Panskura Banamali College (Autonomous), Vidyasagar University, Panskura, West Bengal, India
| | - M Mohan
- ICMR-National Institute of Malarial Research (NIMR), New Delhi, India
| | - D Bhattacharya
- Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SOA Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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14
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Bridi H, de Carvalho Meirelles G, Lino von Poser G. Subtribe Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae): A promising source of bioactive metabolites. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113225. [PMID: 32763419 PMCID: PMC7403033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The subtribe Hyptidinae contains approximately 400 accepted species distributed in 19 genera (Hyptis, Eriope, Condea, Cantinoa, Mesosphaerum, Cyanocephalus, Hypenia, Hyptidendron, Oocephalus, Medusantha, Gymneia, Marsypianthes, Leptohyptis, Martianthus, Asterohyptis, Eplingiella, Physominthe, Eriopidion and Rhaphiodon). This is the Lamiaceae clade with the largest number of species in Brazil and high rates of endemism. Some species have been used in different parts of the world mainly as insecticides/pest repellents, wound healing and pain-relief agents, as well as for the treatment of respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to discuss the current status concerning the taxonomy, ethnobotanical uses, phytochemistry and biological properties of species which compose the subtribe Hyptidinae. MATERIALS AND METHODS The available information was collected from scientific databases (ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, ChemSpider, SciFinder ACS Publications, Wiley Online Library), as well as other literature sources (e.g. books, theses). RESULTS The phytochemical investigations of plants of this subtribe have led to the identification of almost 300 chemical constituents of different classes such as diterpenes, triterpenes, lignans, α-pyrones, flavonoids, phenolic acids and monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, as components of essential oils. Extracts, essential oils and isolated compounds showed a series of biological activities such as insecticide/repellent, antimicrobial and antinociceptive, justifying some of the popular uses of the plants. In addition, a very relevant fact is that several species produce podophyllotoxin and related lignans. CONCLUSION Several species of Hyptidinae are used in folk medicine for treating many diseases but only a small fraction of the species has been explored and most of the traditional uses have not been validated by current investigations. In addition, the species of the subtribe appear to be very promising as alternative sources of podophyllotoxin-like lignans which are the lead compounds for the semi-synthesis of teniposide and etoposide, important antineoplastic agents. Thus, there is a wide-open door for future studies, both to support the popular uses of the plants and to find new biologically active compounds in this large number of species not yet explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Bridi
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Carvalho Meirelles
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gilsane Lino von Poser
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Logesh R, Das N, Adhikari-Devkota A, Devkota HP. Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W.Theob. (Menispermaceae): A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities. MEDICINES 2020; 7:medicines7110069. [PMID: 33182572 PMCID: PMC7696458 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7110069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W.Theob. (Menispermaceae) is a perennial climber distributed mostly in tropical and subtropical areas. The main aim of this article is to collect and analyze the scientific information related to traditional uses, bioactive chemical constituents and pharmacological activities. Methods: Scientific information on C. hirsutus was retrieved from the online bibliographic databases (e.g. MEDLINE/PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scopus). Information regarding traditional uses was also acquired from secondary resources including books and proceedings. Results: Different plant parts of C. hirsutus were reported to be used for the treatment of fever, skin diseases, stomach disorders and urinary diseases. Alkaloids such as jasminitine, hirsutine, cohirsitine and their derivatives along with a few flavonoids, triterpene derivatives and volatile compounds were reported from whole plant or different plant parts. Extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective activities among others. Conclusion: Although widely used in traditional medicines, only a few studies have been performed related to chemical constituents. Most of the biological activity evaluations were carried out using in vitro evaluation methods and only a few studies were carried out in animal models. In the future, properly designed in vivo and clinical studies are necessary to evaluate the pharmacological activities of C. hirsutus along with bioassay-guided studies to isolate and identify the active constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Logesh
- TIFAC CORE in Herbal Drugs, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytopharmacy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Rockland’s, Ooty 643001, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia 799155, Tripura, India;
| | - Anjana Adhikari-Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health life Sciences: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
- Correspondence:
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16
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Roointan A, Kamali-Kakhki R, Fathalipour M, Hashemi Z, Zarshenas MM, Soleimani M, Mirjani R. Antibacterial Activity of Prunus Scoparia Root Methanol Extract against Most Common Burn Wound Pathogens. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 45:444-450. [PMID: 33281261 PMCID: PMC7707634 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2019.82071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn wound infection and sepsis are serious medical conditions requiring prompt intervention. Plants are a good natural source for the development of novel, safe, and cost-effective antibacterial agents. The objective of the present study was to assess the antibacterial potential of aqueous, chloroform, and methanol extracts of the Prunus scoparia (P. scoparia) root against the most common burn wound pathogens. METHODS The present experimental study was conducted at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Shiraz, Iran) during 2018-2019. The antibacterial activity of the total plant extract was assayed using the broth microdilution method. Fractionation was performed using a separation funnel and solvents with different polarities. Broth microdilution and agar well diffusion assays were performed to determine the antibacterial potential of the obtained fractions. Quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analyses were performed to confirm the presence of secondary metabolites in both the total extract and the fractions. RESULTS Methanolic extract of P. scoparia root exhibited antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains, especially against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates. This extract, compared to the aqueous and chloroformic extracts, exhibited the presence of active antibacterial compounds. The quantitative and qualitative results of phytochemical screening showed that phenols and flavonoids were the main antibacterial compounds in the methanolic extract of the plant. CONCLUSION For the first time, we demonstrated the antibacterial activity of the P. scoparia root against MRSA isolates and other common burn wound pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Roointan
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Kamali-Kakhki
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Fathalipour
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Hashemi
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Zarshenas
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soleimani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ruhola Mirjani
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Njeru SN, Muema JM. Antimicrobial activity, phytochemical characterization and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of Aspilia pluriseta Schweinf. extracts. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05195. [PMID: 33083626 PMCID: PMC7551365 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspilia pluriseta is associated with various bioactivities, although with limited scientific justification. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity, and characterized the phytochemicals of root extracts of A. pluriseta aimed at validating its therapeutic potential. We used BACTEC MGIT™ 960 system to test for antitubercular activity, disc-diffusion together with the microdilution method to evaluate antimicrobial activities and qualitative phytochemical tests together with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to determine the phytochemicals that associated with A. pluriseta extracts activity. We show that methanolic crude extract (at 1 g/mL) had high Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) inhibitory activity (0 growth unit) and considerable potency against Escherichia coli (11.7 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (9.0 mm), and Candida albicans (7.7 mm). All the extract fractions exerted remarkable antimycobacterial activities with minimum inhibitory activity of between 6.26 – 25 μg/mL. The highest antimicrobial activity of petroleum ether and dichloromethane fraction was against E. coli at inhibition zone diameters of 8.3 mm, and 8.0 mm, respectively, while ethyl acetate fraction was against S. aureus with an inhibition zone of 8.7 mm. Methanolic fraction exhibited broad-spectrum activity against 87.5% of the tested microbes (inhibition zones 6.3–8.3 mm). Furthermore, we qualitatively detected terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolics such as flavonoids, and anthraquinones in extract fractions. GC-MS analysis detected an abundance of fatty acid esters, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester-hexadecanoic acid, and 2,3-dihydroxy propyl ester-octadecanoic acid and four alkanes. Taken together, we show that A. pluriseta extract fractions (especially ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions) have strong selective antitubercular activity, and thus, we scientifically validate the use of A. pluriseta as a potential source for the discovery of novel antitubercular agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sospeter N Njeru
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Health Sciences, Kisii University, PO Box 408-40200, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Jackson M Muema
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), PO Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
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Antimycobacterial and PknB Inhibitory Activities of Venezuelan Medicinal Plants. Int J Microbiol 2020; 2020:8823764. [PMID: 32802074 PMCID: PMC7416274 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8823764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Global control and elimination of tuberculosis are hindered by the high prevalence of drug-resistant strains, making the development of new drugs to fight tuberculosis a public health priority. In this study, we evaluated 118 extracts from 58 Venezuelan plant species for their ability to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis mc26020, using the agar dilution method. Additionally, we determined the ability of these extracts to inhibit the activity of PknB protein, an essential M. tuberculosis serine/threonine kinase, using a high-throughput luminescent assay. Of the 118 extracts tested, 14 inhibited bacterial growth with a minimum inhibitory concentration ≤500 μg/ml, and 36 inhibited the kinase activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration <200 μg/ml. Five extracts inhibited M. tuberculosis growth and inhibited the activity of the kinase protein, suggesting that this could be the basis of their growth inhibition.
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Inhibitory activity of traditional plants against Mycobacterium smegmatis and their action on Filamenting temperature sensitive mutant Z (FtsZ)-A cell division protein. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232482. [PMID: 32357366 PMCID: PMC7195194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was designed to assess whether plant extracts / phytochemical (D-Pinitol) synergistically combine with antituberculosis drugs and act on Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis) as well as assess their mode of action on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) Filamenting temperature sensitive mutant Z (FtsZ) protein. Resazurin microtitre plate assay (Checker board) was performed to analyze the activity of plant extracts against M. smegmatis. Synergistic behaviour of plant extracts / D-Pinitol with Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RIF) were determined by time–kill and checker board assays. Elongation of M. smegmatis cells due to this treatment was determined by light microscopy. The effect of Hexane methanol extract (HXM) plant extracts on cell viability was determined using PI/SYTO9 dual dye reporter Live/Dead assay. Action of HXM plant extracts / D-Pinitol on inhibition of FtsZ protein was done using Guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) light scattering assay and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). The Hexane-methanolic plant extract of Acacia nilotica, Aegle marmelos and Glycyrrhiza glabra showed antimycobacterial activity at 1.56 ± 0.03, 1.32 ± 0.02 and 1.25 ± 0.03 mg/mL respectively and that of INH and RIF were 4.00 ± 0.06 μg/mL and 2.00 ± 0.04 μg/mL respectively. These plant extracts and major phytochemical exudate D-Pinitol was found to act synergistically with antimycobacterial drugs INH and RIF with an FIC index ~ 0.20. Time-Kill kinetics studies indicate that, these plant extracts were bacteriostatic in nature. D-Pinitol in conjunction with INH and RIF exhibited a 2 Log reduction in the growth of viable cells compared to untreated. Attempt to elucidate their mode of action through phenotypic analysis indicated that these plant extracts and D-Pinitol was found to interfere in cell division there by leading to an abnormal elongated cellular morphology. HXM extracts and D-Pinitol synergistically combined with the first line tuberculosis drugs, INH and RIF, to act on M. smegmatis. The increase in the length of M. smegmatis cells on treatment with D-Pinitol and HXM extract of the plants indicated that they hinder the cell division mechanism thereby leading to a filamentous phenotype, and finally leading to cell death. In addition, the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane is also altered causing cell death. Further gene expression analysis showed that these plant extracts and D-Pinitol hampers with function of FtsZ protein which was confirmed through in vitro inhibition of FtsZ–GTPase enzymatic activity.
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20
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Sieniawska E, Maciejewska-Turska M, Świątek Ł, Xiao J. Plant-based Food Products for Antimycobacterial Therapy. EFOOD 2020. [DOI: 10.2991/efood.k.200418.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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21
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Dong N, Wang C, Li X, Guo Y, Li X. Simplified Head-to-Tail Cyclic Polypeptides as Biomaterial-Associated Antimicrobials with Endotoxin Neutralizing and Anti-Inflammatory Capabilities. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235904. [PMID: 31775224 PMCID: PMC6928678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic application of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a potential type of peptide-based biomaterial, is impeded by their poor antimicrobial activity and potential cytotoxicity as a lack of understanding of their structure–activity relationships. In order to comprehensively enhance the antibacterial and clinical application potency of AMPs, a rational approach was applied to design amphiphilic peptides, including head-to-tail cyclic, linear and D-proline antimicrobial peptides using the template (IR)nP(IR)nP (n = 1, 2 and 3). Results showed that these amphiphilic peptides demonstrated antimicrobial activity in a size-dependent manner and that cyclic peptide OIR3, which contained three repeating units (IR)3, had greater antimicrobial potency and cell selectivity than liner peptide IR3, DIR3 with D-Pro and gramicidin S (GS). Surface plasmon resonance and endotoxin neutralization assays indicated that OIR3 had significant endotoxin neutralization capabilities, which suggested that the effects of OIR3 were mediated by binding to lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Using fluorescence spectrometry and electron microscopy, we found that OIR3 strongly promoted membrane disruption and thereby induced cell lysis. In addition, an LPS-induced inflammation assay showed that OIR3 inhibited the pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells. OIR3 was able to reduce oxazolone-induced skin inflammation in allergic dermatitis mouse model via the inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression. Collectively, the engineered head-to-tail cyclic peptide OIR3 was considerable potential candidate for use as a clinical therapeutic for the treatment of bacterial infections and skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Dong
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (N.D.); (C.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Chensi Wang
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (N.D.); (C.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinran Li
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (N.D.); (C.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(86-010)-6273-3900
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
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Chaturvedi M, Rani R, Sharma D, Yadav JP. Comparison of Curcuma Caesia extracts for bioactive metabolite composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:3131-3135. [PMID: 31691594 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1687472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Curcuma caesia rhizome extracts and to characterise its bioactive metabolites by Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Extracts were prepared using methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate by cold percolation methods. Compared to other extracts, methanol extract discovered to have the greatest antioxidant capacity. Analysis of FTIR spectra of all the extracts of Curcuma caesia shows the existence of several functional groups such as phenol, aldehydes and carboxylic group. But in methanol extract C≡C stretching bond, nitro compound and conjugated aldehyde were also presented. GC-MS extract assessment showed that sesquiterpene and monoterpenes were primarily presented. This research provides an efficient basis for separating the innovative bioactive compound from plant and assessing their effectiveness for antioxidant and antibacterial operations in particular.[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Chaturvedi
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Reena Rani
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Dushyant Sharma
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Jaya Parkash Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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