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Xiong Y, Guo G, Xian H, Hu Z, Ouyang D, He J, He S, Liu R, Gao Z, Tang M, Chen Y, Tan S, Zhu X, Abulimiti A, Zheng S, Huang H, Hu D. MCF-7 cell - derived exosomes were involved in protecting source cells from the damage caused by tributyltin chloride via transport function. Toxicology 2024; 505:153844. [PMID: 38801937 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Tributyltin chloride (TBTC) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant with various adverse effects on human health. Exosomes are cell - derived signaling and substance transport vesicles. This investigation aimed to explore whether exosomes could impact the toxic effects caused by TBTC via their transport function. Cytotoxicity, DNA and chromosome damage caused by TBTC on MCF-7 cells were analyzed with CCK-8, flow cytometry, comet assay and micronucleus tests, respectively. Exosomal characterization and quantitative analysis were performed with ultracentrifugation, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) methods. TBTC content in exosomes was detected with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The impacts of exosomal secretion on the toxic effects of TBTC were analyzed. Our data indicated that TBTC caused significant cytotoxicity, DNA and chromosome damage effects on MCF-7 cells, and a significantly increased exosomal secretion. Importantly, TBTC could be transported out of MCF-7 cells by exosomes. Further, when exosomal secretion was blocked with GW4869, the toxic effects of TBTC were significantly exacerbated. We concluded that TBTC promoted exosomal secretion, which in turn transported TBTC out of the source cells to alleviate its toxic effects. This investigation provided a novel insight into the role and mechanism of exosomal release under TBTC stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Xiong
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guoqiang Guo
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China; Public Health Service Centre of Baoan District, Shenzhen City 518000, China
| | - Hongyi Xian
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zuqing Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Di Ouyang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiayi He
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shanshan He
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Renyi Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenjie Gao
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Meilin Tang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Suqin Tan
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China; Grade 2020 Undergraduate Student Majoring in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhu
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China; Grade 2020 Undergraduate Student Majoring in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Abudumijiti Abulimiti
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China; Grade 2020 Undergraduate Student Majoring in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Sujin Zheng
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China; Grade 2020 Undergraduate Student Majoring in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hehai Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China; Public Health Service Centre of Baoan District, Shenzhen City 518000, China
| | - Dalin Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Xu SY, Cao HY, Yang RH, Xu RX, Zhu XY, Ma W, Liu XB, Yan XY, Fu P. Genus Paeonia monoterpene glycosides: A systematic review on their pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155483. [PMID: 38432036 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genus Paeonia, which is the main source of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chishao in Chinese), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao in Chinese) and Moutan Cortex (Mudanpi in Chinese), is rich in active pharmaceutical ingredient such as monoterpenoid glycosides (MPGs). MPGs from Paeonia have extensive pharmacological effects, but the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of MPGs has not been comprehensively reviewed. PURPOSE MPGs compounds are one of the main chemical components of the genus Paeonia, with a wide variety of compounds and strong pharmacological activities, and the structure of the mother nucleus-pinane skeleton is similar to that of a cage. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pharmacological activity and mechanism of action of MPGs from 2012 to 2023, providing reference direction for the development and utilization of Paeonia resources and preclinical research. METHODS Keywords and phrases are widely used in database searches, such as PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and X-Mol to search for citations related to the new compounds, extensive pharmacological research and molecular mechanisms of MPGs compounds of genus Paeonia. RESULTS Modern research confirms that MPGs are the main compounds in Paeonia that exert pharmacological effects. MPGs with extensive pharmacological characteristics are mainly concentrated in two categories: paeoniflorin derivatives and albiflflorin derivatives among MPGs, which contains 32 compounds. Among them, 5 components including paeoniflorin, albiflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, 6'-O-galloylpaeoniflorin and paeoniflorigenone have been extensively studied, while the other 28 components have only been confirmed to have a certain degree of anti-inflammatory and anticomplementary effects. Studies of pharmacological effects are widely involved in nervous system, endocrine system, digestive system, immune system, etc., and some studies have identified clear mechanisms. MPGs exert pharmacological activity through multilateral mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, inhibition of cell apoptosis, regulation of brain gut axis, regulation of gut microbiota and downregulation of mitochondrial apoptosis, etc. CONCLUSION: This systematic review delved into the pharmacological effects and related molecular mechanisms of MPGs. However, there are still some compounds in MPGs whose pharmacological effects and pharmacological mechanisms have not been clarified. In addition, extensive clinical randomized trials are needed to verify the efficacy and dosage of MPGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; Experimental Training Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hui-Yan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Rui-Hong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Rong-Xue Xu
- The Health Center of Longjiang Airlines, Harbin 150000, China; Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161003, China
| | - Xing-Yu Zhu
- Experimental Training Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; Experimental Training Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiu-Bo Liu
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Xue-Ying Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Peng Fu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
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Chen P, Chen J, Zhang W, Tang L, Cheng G, Li H, Fan T, Wang J, Zhong W, Song Y. Biochemical mechanisms of tributyltin chloride-induced cell toxicity in Sertoli cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114725. [PMID: 36924558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin chloride (TBTCL) is a widely used fungicide and heat stabilizer in compositions of PVC. TBTCL has been detected in human bodies and potentially causes harmful effects on humans' thyroid, cardiovascular and other organs. As one of the first examples of endocrine disruptors, the toxicity effects of TBTCL on the male reproduction system have aroused concerns. However, the potential cellular mechanisms are not fully explored. In the current study, by using Sertoli cells, a critical regulator of spermatogenesis as a cell model, we showed that with 200 nM exposure for 24 h, TBTCL causes apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. RNA sequencing analyses suggested that TBTCL probably activates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and disrupts autophagy. Biochemical analysis showed that TBTCL indeed induces ER stress and the dysregulation of autophagy. Interestingly, activation of ER stress and inhibition of autophagy is responsible for TBTCL-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Our results thus uncovered a novel insight into the cellular mechanisms for TBTCL-induced toxicology in Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchen Chen
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523125, Guangdong, China; Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Li Tang
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523125, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangqing Cheng
- Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523125, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyun Fan
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523125, Guangdong, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523125, Guangdong, China; Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China; Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wenbin Zhong
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523125, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yali Song
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523125, Guangdong, China.
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Guo W, Yao X, Cui R, Yang W, Wang L. Mechanisms of paeoniaceae action as an antidepressant. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:934199. [PMID: 36844911 PMCID: PMC9944447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.934199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) has been widely used for the treatment of depression in mice models, some Chinese herbal compound containing PF on treating depression, such as Xiaoyao San, Chaihu-Shugan-San, Danggui Shaoyao San etc. Many experiments are also verifying whether PF in these powders can be used as an effective component in the treatment of depression. Therefore, in this review the antidepressant effect of PF and its mechanism of action are outlined with particular focus on the following aspects: increasing the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, inhibiting the HPA axis, promoting neuroprotection, enhancing neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and elevating levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This review may be helpful for the application of PF in the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxu Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- *Correspondence: Wei Yang, ; Lei Wang,
| | - Lei Wang
- *Correspondence: Wei Yang, ; Lei Wang,
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Makinde E, Ma L, Mellick GD, Feng Y. Mitochondrial Modulators: The Defender. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020226. [PMID: 36830595 PMCID: PMC9953029 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are widely considered the "power hub" of the cell because of their pivotal roles in energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. However, beyond the production of ATP, which is the major source of chemical energy supply in eukaryotes, mitochondria are also central to calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance, and cell apoptosis. The mitochondria also perform crucial multifaceted roles in biosynthetic pathways, serving as an important source of building blocks for the biosynthesis of fatty acid, cholesterol, amino acid, glucose, and heme. Since mitochondria play multiple vital roles in the cell, it is not surprising that disruption of mitochondrial function has been linked to a myriad of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the key physiological and pathological functions of mitochondria and present bioactive compounds with protective effects on the mitochondria and their mechanisms of action. We highlight promising compounds and existing difficulties limiting the therapeutic use of these compounds and potential solutions. We also provide insights and perspectives into future research windows on mitochondrial modulators.
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MKK4 Knockdown Plays a Protective Role in Hemorrhagic Shock-Induced Liver Injury through the JNK Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5074153. [PMID: 36164393 PMCID: PMC9509254 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5074153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock (HS) triggers tissue hypoxia and organ failure during severe blood loss, and the liver is sensitive to HS. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4) activates the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and its expression is upregulated in the serum of HS patients and mouse livers at 1 h post-HS. However, the function of MKK4 in HS-induced liver injury is unclear. The role of MKK4 was investigated in vivo using rat models of HS. Before HS, lentivirus harboring shRNA against MKK4 was injected into rats via the tail vein to knock down MKK4 expression. HS was induced by bloodletting via intubation of the femoral artery followed by resuscitation. The results showed that MKK4 knockdown reduced HS-induced apoptosis in the liver by decreasing Bax expression and the cleavage of caspase 3 and promoting Bcl-2 expression. Moreover, the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver was promoted, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was inhibited by HS. However, the effect of HS on oxidative stress was abrogated by MKK4 knockdown. Furthermore, MKK4 knockdown restored MMP and complex I and complex III activities and promoted ATP production, suggesting that HS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver was ameliorated by MKK4 knockdown. The inhibitory effect of MKK4 knockdown on the phosphorylation and activation of the JNK/c-Jun pathway was confirmed. Overall, MKK4 knockdown may suppress oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis and improve mitochondrial function in the liver upon HS by inhibiting the JNK pathway. The MKK4/JNK axis was shown to be a therapeutic target for HS-induced liver injury in this study.
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Hong H, Lu X, Wu C, Chen J, Chen C, Zhang J, Huang C, Cui Z. A review for the pharmacological effects of paeoniflorin in the nervous system. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:898955. [PMID: 36046834 PMCID: PMC9420976 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.898955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin, a terpenoid glycoside compound extracted from Paeonia lactiflora Pall, shows preventive and therapeutic effects in various types of nervous system disorders. However, to date, no comprehensive knowledge on the pharmacological effects of paeoniflorin on the nervous system is available online. Clarification of this issue may be useful for the development of paeoniflorin as a new drug for the treatment of nervous system disorders. To this end, the authors summarize the pharmacological aspects of paeoniflorin and its possible mechanisms, such as restoration of mitochondrial function; inhibition of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular apoptosis; activation of adenosine A1 receptor, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2); or enhancement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and serotonin function, in the prevention of disorders such as cerebral ischemia, subarachnoid hemorrhage, vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, post-traumatic syndrome disorder, and epilepsy, by reviewing the previously published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Hong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunshuai Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiming Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Sadeghian I, Heidari R, Raee MJ, Negahdaripour M. Cell-penetrating peptide-mediated delivery of therapeutic peptides/proteins to manage the diseases involving oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1085-1116. [PMID: 35728949 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peptides and proteins represent great potential for modulating various cellular processes including oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis and consequently the treatment of related diseases. However, their therapeutic effects are limited by their inability to cross cellular barriers. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can transport cargoes into the cell, could resolve this issue, as would be discussed in this review. KEY FINDINGS CPPs have been successfully exploited in vitro and in vivo for peptide/protein delivery to treat a wide range of diseases involving oxidative stress, inflammatory processes and apoptosis. Their in vivo applications are still limited due to some fundamental issues of CPPs, including nonspecificity, proteolytic instability, potential toxicity and immunogenicity. SUMMARY Totally, CPPs could potentially help to manage the diseases involving oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis by delivering peptides/proteins that could selectively reach proper intracellular targets. More studies to overcome related CPP limitations and confirm the efficacy and safety of this strategy are needed before their clinical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa Sadeghian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Biotechnology Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Raee
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Multiple Roles of Paeoniflorin in Alzheimer's Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2464163. [PMID: 35449815 PMCID: PMC9017479 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2464163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a geriatric disease with the morbidity and mortality continuing to grow, partly due to the aging of the world population. As one of the most common types of primary neurodegenerative dementia, it is mainly due to environmental, epigenetic, immunological, and genetic factors. Paeoniflorin (PF), the main component of paeony extract, plays a more and more important role in the prevention and treatment of AD, including regulating protein, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and antiapoptosis, protecting glial cells, regulating neurotransmitters and related enzymes and receptors, and inhibiting or activating related signal pathways. This article summarizes the latest researches on the multiple effects and the mechanisms of PF in the treatment to cure AD, providing new insights and research basis for further clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of AD.
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Wang A, Zhao W, Yan K, Huang P, Zhang H, Ma X. Preclinical Evidence of Paeoniflorin Effectiveness for the Management of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:827770. [PMID: 35462929 PMCID: PMC9032804 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.827770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vessel recanalization is the main treatment for ischemic stroke; however, not all patients benefit from it. This lack of treatment benefit is related to the accompanying ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Therefore, neuroprotective therapy for I/R Injury needs to be further studied. Paeonia lactiflora Pall. is a commonly used for ischemic stroke management in traditional Chinese medicine; its main active ingredient is paeoniflorin (PF). We aimed to determine the PF’s effects and the underlying mechanisms in instances of cerebral I/R injury.Methods: We searched seven databases from their inception to July 2021.SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool was used to assess methodological quality. Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 12.0 software were used for meta-analysis.Results: Thirteen studies, including 282 animals overall, were selected. The meta-analyses showed compared to control treatment, PF significantly reduced neurological severity scores, cerebral infarction size, and brain water content (p = 0.000). In the PF treatment groups, the apoptosis cells and levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β) decreased compared to those in the control groups (p = 0.000).Conclusion: Our results suggest that PF is a promising therapeutic for cerebral I/R injury management. However, to evaluate the effects and safety of PF in a more accurate manner, additional preclinical studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzhu Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Kaituo Yan
- Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Pingping Huang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochang Ma
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaochang Ma,
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Targeting autophagy, oxidative stress, and ER stress for neurodegenerative diseases treatment. J Control Release 2022; 345:147-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Peng W, Chen Y, Tumilty S, Liu L, Luo L, Yin H, Xie Y. Paeoniflorin is a promising natural monomer for neurodegenerative diseases via modulation of Ca 2+ and ROS homeostasis. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 62:97-102. [PMID: 34959127 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a range of neurological disorders featured by neuronal degeneration and apoptosis. Cellular Calcium (Ca2+) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) dyshomeostasis are the earliest and important events in the development of NDDs and may yield promising therapeutic targets for NDDs. Paeoniflorin, a water-soluble monoterpene glucoside, is the major bioactive monomer extracted from the root of Paeonia lactiflora pall. Increasing evidence has suggested that this natural compound might be used to treat various NDDs, and its potential molecular mechanisms are related to the modulation of Ca2+/ROS homeostasis in cells. In addition, paeoniflorin accounts for more than 40% of the total glucosides of herbaceous peonies with abundant herbaceous sources. Furthermore, it has also been validated as a safe extraction in clinical pharmacological research with a wide therapeutic window. Hence, it is rational to anticipate paeoniflorin being a promising candidate for the treatment of NDDs via regulating Ca2+/ROS dyshomeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy/Basic Medicine/Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610075, China; China-New Zealand Collaboration Centre for Integrative Medicine (CHINZIM), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610075, China
| | - Yunhui Chen
- School of Pharmacy/Basic Medicine/Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610075, China; China-New Zealand Collaboration Centre for Integrative Medicine (CHINZIM), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610075, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, South Renmin Road, Wu Hou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610044, China.
| | - Steve Tumilty
- Centre for Health, Activity, and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, 9054, New Zealand; China-New Zealand Collaboration Centre for Integrative Medicine (CHINZIM), University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Lizhou Liu
- Centre for Health, Activity, and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, 9054, New Zealand; China-New Zealand Collaboration Centre for Integrative Medicine (CHINZIM), University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, 9054, New Zealand; Ageing Well National Science Challenge, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Ling Luo
- School of Pharmacy/Basic Medicine/Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610075, China; China-New Zealand Collaboration Centre for Integrative Medicine (CHINZIM), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610075, China
| | - Haiyan Yin
- School of Pharmacy/Basic Medicine/Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610075, China; China-New Zealand Collaboration Centre for Integrative Medicine (CHINZIM), Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610075, China
| | - Yongmei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, South Renmin Road, Wu Hou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610044, China
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Yan X, Yu Y, Wang S, Xu H, He Q, Wen J, Xu J, Li K, Huang Z, Xu P. Preparation and characterization of conductive nerve guide conduit filled with dual drug-loaded nanofibers. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/08839115211053917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) has become one of the common clinical diseases. How to promote the regeneration and function recovery of the damaged peripheral nerve has been the focus of attention in the medical field. Evidence suggests that the longitudinal filling of oriented fibers in nerve guide conduit (NGC) is especially beneficial to the repair of long gap PNI. In this study, polypyrrole (PPy) nanospheres (PNSs) were prepared by the soft-templating method, and mixed with poly (lactic acid) (PLA) to prepare conductive PNSs/PLA NGC, and the optimal ratio of PNSs was 4.5%. PLA and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as shell, chitosan (CS) and paeoniflorin (PF) as core, oriented coaxial nanofibers were obtained and then filled into PNSs/PLA NGC. The composite NGC has excellent mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, hydrophilic properties, and degradation properties. Besides, the successive release of VEGF and PF can play a synergistic role in promoting nerve regeneration. In vitro experiments showed that the composite NGC was nontoxic and suitable for the adhesion and proliferation of nerve cells. In addition, PNSs combined with electrical stimulation (ES) can significantly promote the differentiation and proliferation of nerve cells, which is conducive to nerve regeneration. These positive results indicate that the composite NGC is a promising candidate in the repair of long gap PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaobing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Haixing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qundi He
- Wuhan Mafangshan Middle School, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kebi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peihu Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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Singh S, Singh TG. Emerging perspectives on mitochondrial dysfunctioning and inflammation in epileptogenesis. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:1027-1042. [PMID: 34652489 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common denominator of neuroinflammation recognized by neuronal oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis that is well recognized by common intracellular molecular pathway-interlinked neuroinflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress, a feature of epileptogenesis. In addition, the neuronal damage in the epileptic brain corroborated the concept of brain injury-mediated neuroinflammation, further providing an interlink between inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress in epilepsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature review of Bentham, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, and EMBASE (Elsevier) databases was carried out to provide evidence of preclinical and clinically used drugs targeting such nuclear, cytosolic, and mitochondrial proteins suggesting that the correlation of mechanisms linked to neuroinflammation has been elucidated in the current review. Despite that, the evidence of elevated levels of inflammatory mediators and pro-apoptotic protein levels can provide the correlation of inflammatory responses often concerned with hyperexcitability attributing to the fact that mitochondrial redox mechanisms and higher susceptibilities to neuroinflammation result from repetitive recurring epileptic seizures. Therefore, providing an understanding of seizure-induced pathological changes read by activating neuroinflammatory cascades like NF-kB, RIPK, MAPK, ERK, JNK, and JAK-STAT signaling further related to mitochondrial damage promoting hyperexcitability. CONCLUSION The current review highlights the further opportunity for establishing therapeutic interventions underlying the apparent correlation of neuroinflammation mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress might contribute to common intracellular mechanisms underlying a future prospective of drug treatment targeting mitochondrial dysfunction linked to the neuroinflammation in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareen Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
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15
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Kwong AJ, Pham TND, Oelschlager HE, Munshi HG, Scheidt KA. Rational Design, Optimization, and Biological Evaluation of Novel MEK4 Inhibitors against Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1559-1567. [PMID: 34676038 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth, division, and development of healthy cells relies on efficient response to environmental survival cues. The conserved mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family of pathways interface extracellular stimuli to intracellular processes for this purpose. Within these pathways, the MEK family has been identified as a target of interest due to its clinical relevance. Particularly, MEK4 has drawn recent attention for its indications in pancreatic and prostate cancers. Here, we report two potent MEK4 inhibitors demonstrating significant reduction of phospho-JNK and antiproliferative properties against pancreatic cancer cell lines. Furthermore, molecular inhibition of MEK4 pathway activates the MEK1/2 pathway, with the combination of MEK1/2 and MEK4 inhibitors demonstrating synergistic effects against pancreatic cancer cells. Our inhibitors provided insight into the crosstalk between MAPK pathways and new tools for elucidating the roles of MEK4 in disease states, findings which will pave the way for better understanding of the MAPK pathways and development of additional probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada J. Kwong
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thao N. D. Pham
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Hannah E. Oelschlager
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hidayatullah G. Munshi
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Wang XL, Feng ST, Wang YT, Chen NH, Wang ZZ, Zhang Y. Paeoniflorin: A neuroprotective monoterpenoid glycoside with promising anti-depressive properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153669. [PMID: 34334273 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, as a prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disease, severely decreases the life quality of individuals and brings heavy burdens to the whole society. Currently, some antidepressants are applied in the treatment of severe depressive symptoms, while there are still some undesirable drawbacks. Paeoniflorin is a monoterpenoid glycoside that was firstly extracted from Paeonia lactiflora Pall, a traditional Chinese herb that is widely used in the Chinese herbal formulas for treating depression. PURPOSE This review summarized the previous pre-clinical studies of paeoniflorin in treating depression and further discussed the potential anti-depressive mechanisms for that paeoniflorin to be further explored and utilized in the treatment of depression clinically. METHODS Some electronic databases, e.g., PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched from inception until April 2021. RESULTS This review summarized the effective anti-depressive properties of paeoniflorin, which is related to its functions in the upregulation of the levels of monoaminergic neurotransmitters, inhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperfunction, promotion of neuroprotection, promotion of hippocampus neurogenesis, and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor level, inhibition of inflammatory reaction, downregulation of nitric oxide level, etc. CONCLUSION: This review focused on the pre-clinical studies of paeoniflorin in depression and summarized the recent development of the anti-depressive mechanisms of paeoniflorin, which approves the role of paeoniflorin plays in anti-depression. However, more high-quality pre-clinical and clinical studies are expected to be conducted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Le Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Si-Tong Feng
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ya-Ting Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian-Nong-Tan Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian-Nong-Tan Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing 102488, China.
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Ligands and Signaling of Mas-Related G Protein-Coupled Receptor-X2 in Mast Cell Activation. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 179:139-188. [PMID: 33479839 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2 (MRGPRX2) is known as a novel receptor to activate mast cells (MCs). MRGPRX2 plays a dual role in promoting MC-dependent host defense and immunomodulation and contributing to the pathogenesis of pseudo-allergic drug reactions, pain, itching, and inflammatory diseases. In this article, we discuss the possible signaling pathways of MCs activation mediated by MRGPRX2 and summarize and classify agonists and inhibitors of MRGPRX2 in MCs activation. MRGPRX2 is a low-affinity and low-selectivity receptor, which allows it to interact with a diverse group of ligands. Diverse MRGPRX2 ligands utilize conserved residues in its transmembrane (TM) domains and carboxyl-terminus Ser/Thr residues to undergo ligand binding and G protein coupling. The coupling likely initiates phosphorylation cascades, induces Ca2+ mobilization, and causes degranulation and generation of cytokines and chemokines via MAPK and NF-κB pathways, resulting in MCs activation. Agonists of MRGPRX2 on MCs are divided into peptides (including antimicrobial peptides, neuropeptides, MC degranulating peptides, peptide hormones) and nonpeptides (including FDA-approved drugs). Inhibitors of MRGPRX2 include non-selective GPCR inhibitors, herbal extracts, small-molecule MRGPRX2 antagonists, and DNA aptamer drugs. Screening and classifying MRGPRX2 ligands and summarizing their signaling pathways would improve our understanding of MRGPRX2-mediated physiological and pathological effects on MCs.
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Su YL, Jiang YF, Chen HJ, Ye S, Zhou WH, Liu HP, Dong JD, Wei JG, Qin QW, Sun H. Molecular characterization, expression and function analysis of Epinephelus coioides MKK4 response to SGIV and Vibrio alginolyticus infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:104020. [PMID: 33476669 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (MKK4), a member of the MAP kinase family, play important roles in response to many environmental and cellular stresses in mammals. In this study, three MKK4 subtypes, EcMKK4-1, EcMKK4-2 and EcMKK4-3, were obtained from grouper Epinephelus coioides. The open reading frame (ORF) of EcMKK4s are obtained and the EcMKK4s proteins contain highly conserved domains: a S_TKc domain, a canonical diphosphorylation group and two conserved MKKK ATP binding motifs, Asp-Phe-Gly (DFG) and Ala-Pro-Glu (APE). EcMKK4s could be found both in the cytoplasmic and nuclear. The EcMKK4s mRNA were detected in all E. coioides tissues examined with the different expression levels, and the expression were up-regulated during SGIV (Singapore grouper iridescent virus) or Vibrio alginolyticus infection. EcMKK4 could significantly reduce the activation of AP-1 reporter gene. The results suggested that EcMKK4s might play important roles in pathogen-caused inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Su
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Jiang
- Department of Laboratory, Jining No.1 People's Hospital; Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, 272111, PR China
| | - He-Jia Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Shi Ye
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Wei-Hua Zhou
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Hong-Ping Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jun-De Dong
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Jing-Guang Wei
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Qi-Wei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Fross S, Mansel C, McCormick M, Vohra BPS. Tributyltin Alters Calcium Levels, Mitochondrial Dynamics, and Activates Calpains Within Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons. Toxicol Sci 2021; 180:342-355. [PMID: 33481012 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) remains a global health concern. The primary route of human exposure to TBT is either through ingestion or skin absorption, but TBT's effects on the peripheral nervous system have still not been investigated. Therefore, we exposed in vitro sensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to TBT at a concentration of 50-200 nM, which is similar to the observed concentrations of TBT in human blood samples. We observed that TBT causes extensive axon degeneration and neuronal death in the DRG neurons. Furthermore, we discovered that TBT causes an increase in both cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium levels, disrupts mitochondrial dynamics, decreases neuronal ATP levels, and leads to the activation of calpains. Additional experiments demonstrated that inhibition of calpain activation prevented TBT-induced fragmentation of neuronal cytoskeletal proteins and neuronal cell death. Thus, we conclude that calpain activation is the key executioner of TBT-induced peripheral neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaneann Fross
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri 64068, USA
| | - Clayton Mansel
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri 64068, USA
| | - Madison McCormick
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri 64068, USA
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20
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Li S, Cong C, Liu Y, Liu X, Liu H, Zhao L, Gao X, Gui W, Xu L. Tiao Geng decoction inhibits tributyltin chloride-induced GT1-7 neuronal apoptosis through ASK1/MKK7/JNK signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113669. [PMID: 33338591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tiao Geng (TG) decoction is a Chinese herbal medicine extract that has been utilized for the treatment of menopausal symptoms for a history of over 30 years. In our previous study, we suggest that TG decoction possibly exerts an anti-apoptotic effect on hypothalamic neurons of ovariectomized rats via the ASK1/MKK7/JNK pathway. Tributyltin chloride (TBTC) causes oxidative damage and induces apoptosis of primary hypothalamic neurons in rats. AIM OF THE STUDY The present work aimed to explore the inhibition of TG decoction on TBTC-induced GT1-7 cell apoptosis and its possible molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The GT1-7 cell line was exposed to TG decoction at diverse doses (31.25, 62.5, 125 μg/mL) for 24 h and later with TBTC (1 mg/L) for 1 h, with 17β-E2 (100 nM) treatment being the positive control. Then, CCK8 assay was conducted to evaluate cell viability, while flow cytometric analysis was conducted to examine the apoptosis level. Related pathways and differentially expressed proteins were identified by tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative phosphoproteomics. qRT-PCR was carried out to examine mRNA levels of Bax and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). Western blotting was performed to detect the levels of Bax, Bcl-2, c-Jun, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), Caspase-3 (Casp3), Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 (MKK7), and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) . Finally, cells were pretreated with SP600125, an inhibitor of JNK, later the expression of JNK and Casp3 was measured. RESULTS Application of TG decoction mitigated the GT1-7 cell apoptosis and injury caused by TBTC; besides, it inhibited the activation of the ASK1/MKK7/JNK pathway. Moreover, Bcl-2/Bax ratio became higher, and the MKK7, ASK1, Casp3 and c-Jun levels were inhibited. Besides, TG decoction combined with SP600125 (the JNK inhibitor) more significantly inhibited GT1-7 cell apoptosis caused by TBTC. CONCLUSION As discovered from the experiment in this study, TG decoction has a neuroprotective effect, which is achieved through inhibiting the ASK1/MKK7/JNK signal transduction pathway to reduce GT1-7 cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China.
| | - Chao Cong
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China.
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China.
| | - Huicong Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China.
| | - Li Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China.
| | - Xianwei Gao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China.
| | - Wenjia Gui
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China.
| | - Lianwei Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China.
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21
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Zhao Y, Yang G, Zhao Z, Wang C, Duan C, Gao L, Li S. Antidepressant-like effects of Lactobacillus plantarum DP189 in a corticosterone-induced rat model of chronic stress. Behav Brain Res 2020; 395:112853. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Huang X, Ren L, Hou L, Fan H, Wang C, Wang C, Li Y. Paeoniflorin ameliorates antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia in rats by attenuating impairment of the dopamine D2 receptor and TGF-β1 signaling pathways in the hypothalamus and pituitary. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112862. [PMID: 32294507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Paeoniflorin, a prominent component in some Chinese formulas for hyperprolactinemia-associated disorders, has been found to inhibit prolactin secretion in prolactinoma cells. AIM To examine the efficacy of paeoniflorin on hyperprolactinemia and the underlying mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperprolactinemia in female rats was generated by administration of olanzapine (5 mg/kg, by a gavage method, once daily, × 13 weeks). The rats were co-treated with paeoniflorin (10 and 50 mg/kg). Prolactin and TGF-β1 concentrations were detected by ELISA. Protein expression was determined by Western blot. The effect in MMQ cells was also examined. RESULTS Paeoniflorin inhibited olanzapine-induced increases in plasma prolactin concentration and prolactin protein overexpression in the pituitary and hypothalamus of rats. Further, paeoniflorin restored olanzapine-induced downregulation of pituitary and hypothalamic dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) protein expression. More importantly, paeoniflorin attenuated olanzapine-suppressed protein expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and its downstream genes, type II TGF-β receptor, type I TGF-β receptor and phosphorylated SMAD3 in the tissues. However, paeoniflorin did not affect plasma TGF-β1 concentration and hepatic TGF-β1 protein expression. In accord, olanzapine-induced increase in prolactin concentration, upregulation of prolactin protein expression, and downregulation of protein expression of the D2R and TGF-β1 signals in MMQ cells were attenuated. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that paeoniflorin ameliorates olanzapine-induced hyperprolactinemia in rats by attenuating impairment of the D2R and TGF-β1 signaling pathways in the hypothalamus and pituitary. Our findings may provide evidence to support the use of paeoniflorin-contained Chinese herbs and formulas for hyperprolactinemia and its associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Liying Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Lianbing Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Hua Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Endocrinology and Metabolism Group, Sydney Institute of Health Sciences/Sydney Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NSW, 2000 Australia.
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Kwong AJ, Scheidt KA. Non-'classical' MEKs: A review of MEK3-7 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127203. [PMID: 32389527 PMCID: PMC7299838 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The MAPK pathways are an enduring area of interest due to their essential roles in cell processes. Increased expression and activity can lead to a multitude of diseases, sparking research efforts in developing inhibitors against these kinases. Though great strides have been made in developing MEK1/2 inhibitors, there is a notable lack of chemical probes for MEK3-7, given their central role in stimuli response, cell growth, and development. This review summarizes the progress that has been made on developing small molecule probes for MEK3-7, the specific disease states in which they have been studied, and their potential to become novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada J Kwong
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Karl A Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.
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24
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Li D, Li LF, Zhang ZF, Lin F, Pan L, Liu Y. Structural diversity and anti-lung cancer activity evaluation of two Co(II) and Cu(II) containing mixed-ligand coordination polymers. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2019.1706568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Li
- Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Li-Fei Li
- Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Zhang
- Tong Liao City Hospital, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lei Pan
- Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
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25
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Yuan N, Gong L, Tang K, He L, Hao W, Li X, Ma Q, Chen J. An Integrated Pharmacology-Based Analysis for Antidepressant Mechanism of Chinese Herbal Formula Xiao-Yao-San. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:284. [PMID: 32256358 PMCID: PMC7094752 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies and basic science experiments have widely demonstrated the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of the herbal formula Xiao-Yao-San (XYS). However, the system mechanism of these effects has not been fully characterized. The present study conducted a comprehensive network pharmacological analysis of XYS and sorted all pharmacologically active components (149) through the TCMSP webserver. Then, all potential molecular targets (449) were predicted, of which there were 99 genes clearly related to depression. To further investigate the mechanism of antidepressant effects of XYS, a compound-depression targets (C-DTs) network was constructed, and Gene Ontology (GO) functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed for the 99 targets. Enrichment results revealed that XYS could regulate multiple aspects of depression through these targets, related to metabolism, neuroendocrine function, and neuroimmunity. Prediction and analysis of protein–protein interactions resulted in selection of three hub genes (AKT1, TP53, and VEGFA). In addition, a total of seven ingredients from XYS could act on these hub genes and they were identified through ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS), including paeoniflorin, quercetin, luteolin, acacetin, aloe-emodin, Glyasperin C, kaempferol. Hereafter, we investigated the effects of paeoniflorin and its predicted target, the results suggest that it can reverse the neurotoxicity produced by CORT and could be a neuroprotective effect by promoting the phosphorylation of Akt. Overall, our research revealed the complicated antidepressant mechanism of XYS, and also provided a rational strategy for revealing the complex composition and function of Chinese herbal formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naijun Yuan
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Gong
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kairui Tang
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangliang He
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Hao
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Ma
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Liu R, Zhang G, Dong K, Zhang T. Paeoniflorin inhibits MRGPRX2‐mediated pseudo‐allergic reaction via calcium signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2019; 34:401-408. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Wang
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
- Research and Development CenterTianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd Tianjin China
| | | | - Jue Wang
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Guiping Zhang
- Research and Development CenterTianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd Tianjin China
| | - Kai Dong
- Research and Development CenterTianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd Tianjin China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
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27
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Kulbay M, Johnson B, Bernier J. DNA fragmentation factor 40 expression in T cells confers sensibility to tributyltin-induced apoptosis. Toxicology 2019; 426:152255. [PMID: 31401084 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA fragmentation factor 40 (DFF40), an endonuclease, mediates the final and irreversible step of apoptosis by conducting oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation. New emerging studies have proposed a role of DFF40 in genomic stability, besides its nuclease activity. Overexpression of DFF40 in tumoral cells increases their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we sought to determine if DFF40 expression influences the toxicity of tributyltin (TBT), a well-known immunotoxic and apoptosis-inducing compound. The strategy used was to knockout DFF40 expression by CRISPR-cas9 method in Jurkat T cells and to determine the toxicity of TBT in DFF40 KO cells and DFF40 WT Jurkat cells. DFF40 KO Jurkat cells show an increase of cell viability following a 24-h TBT exposure (p < 0.05). There is a resistance to TBT-induced apoptosis determined by annexin V/PI am labeling (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the basal level of ROS rises in DFF40 KO Jurkat cells, but ROS production levels after TBT exposure remains at the same basal level. Other apoptosis or DNA damage makers (procaspase-3, caspase-6, and PARP cleavage) are significantly delayed and decreased. DFF40 deficient cells do not present histone H2AX phosphorylation, whereas wild-type cells present a phosphorylation following a 6-h exposure to TBT (p < 0.001). The re-expression of DFF40 in DFF40 KO cells restores the cytotoxic effects of TBT. Overall, these data suggest a role of DFF40 in cells sensitivity to TBT and possibly in DNA stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Kulbay
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boulevard des Prairies, H7V 1B7, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Johnson
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boulevard des Prairies, H7V 1B7, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacques Bernier
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boulevard des Prairies, H7V 1B7, Laval, Québec, Canada.
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