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Al-Snafi AE, Teibo JO, Shaheen HM, Akinfe OA, Teibo TKA, Emieseimokumo N, Elfiky MM, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Garbeeb AI, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Mahana HAM, Younes AM, Elbanna OA, Qasem AEAR, Shahin IYI, Batiha GES. The therapeutic value of Myrtus communis L.: an updated review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4579-4600. [PMID: 38319389 PMCID: PMC11166855 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02958-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Myrtus communis L. (Family: Myrtaceae) is naturally found in the western part of Asia, Southern Europe, and North Africa. It has been reportedly applied in pharmaceutical industry, traditional medicine, cosmetics, spices, and food. Pubmed, Google scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were utilized to seek out relevant content concerning the therapeutic potential of M. communis. Subsequently, we conducted a review to identity noteworthy updates pertaining to M. communis. Myrtle berries, leaves, seeds, and essential oils are natural sources of several nutrients and bioactive compounds with marked health effects. The chemical analysis showed that M. communis contained oils, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, coumarins, saponosides, tannins, quinines, and anthraquinones. A pharmacological investigation revealed that M. communis possessed anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimutagenic, immunomodulatory, dermatological, cardiovascular, central nervous system, and gastrointestinal protective effects, among numerous other biological effects. This current review focused on the biochemical, pharmacological, therapeutic effects, and various biological activities of different parts of M. communis. It signifies that M. communis is a therapeutic plant with numerous applications in medicine and could be used as a drug isolate based on its safety and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - John Oluwafemi Teibo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hazem M Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | | | - Titilade Kehinde Ayandeyi Teibo
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Numonde Emieseimokumo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rivers State University, Rivers State, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Mohamed M Elfiky
- Anatomy Department, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Garbeeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, 11741, Greece
- Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, Wien, 1030, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Hitham Alaa Mohammed Mahana
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Maher Younes
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Osama Ashraf Elbanna
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Abd-Elrahman Ali Radwan Qasem
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Yasser Ibrahim Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
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Mutinda ES, Zhang DJ, Muema FW, Mkala EM, Waswa EN, Odago WO, Onyango Ochieng C, Gichua MK, Muchuku JK, Kamande E, Hu GW. The genus Balanophora J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. - Its use in traditional medicine, phytochemistry, and pharmacology: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117276. [PMID: 37866464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Natural products, particularly medicinal plants, have been utilized in traditional medicine for millennia to treat various diseases. The genus Balanophora (Balanophoraceae) consists of 23 accepted species. These species are the most controversial flowering plants, with highly reduced morphologies and are found parasitizing on the roots of their host. They have been used in traditional medicine as a remedy for stomach pain, detumescence, uterine prolapse, wounds, syphilis, gonorrhea, treating injuries from falls, and other conditions. However, there is no review of this genus on its traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. AIM The present narrative review discusses the scientific data supporting the traditional uses of Balanophora species. The available information on its botanical properties, traditional uses, chemical contents, pharmacological activities, and toxicity was summarized to help comprehend current research and offer a foundation for future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS The materials used in combining data on the genus Balanophora comprises online sources such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for Chinese-related materials. World Flora online was used in validating the scientific names of this genus while ChemBio Draw Ultra Version 22.2 software was employed in drawing the phytochemical compounds. RESULTS Nine Balanophora species including B. harlandii, B. japonica, B. polyandra, B. fungosa, B. fungosa subsp. indica, B. laxiflora, B. abbreviata, B. tobiracola, and B. involucrata have been documented as vital sources of traditional medicines in different parts of Asia. A total of 159 secondary metabolites have been isolated and identified from the ten species of this genus comprising tannins, flavonoids, sterols, lignans, chalcones, terpenes, and phenylpropanoids. Among these compounds, tannins, lignans, terpenoids, chalcones and phenolic acids contribute to the pharmacological activities of the species in this genus with several biological activities both in vitro and in vivo such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic activity, cytotoxicity, anti-microbial, melanin synthesis etc. CONCLUSION: This review summarizes the available literature on the traditional uses, pharmacological properties, and phytoconstituents of Balanophora species indicating that they contain fascinating chemical compounds with diverse biological activities. The traditional uses of the species in this genus have been confirmed by scientific data such as antimicrobial, hemostatic effect, gastroprotective activity and others. However, many species in this genus are yet unknown in terms of their botanical uses, chemical composition and biological activities. Thus, more research into the scientific connections between traditional medicinal uses and pharmacological activities, mode of action of the isolated bioactive constituents, and toxicity of other Balanophora species is needed to determine their efficacy and therapeutic potential for safe clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Syowai Mutinda
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Dong-Juan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Felix Wambua Muema
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Elijah Mbandi Mkala
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Emmanuel Nyongesa Waswa
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wyclif Ochieng Odago
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Clintone Onyango Ochieng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Moses Kirega Gichua
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - John Kamau Muchuku
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - Elizabeth Kamande
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - Guang-Wan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, 430200, China.
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Haririan Y, Asefnejad A, Hamishehkar H, Farahpour MR. Carboxymethyl chitosan-gelatin-mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing Myrtus communis L. extract as a novel transparent film wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127081. [PMID: 37769781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing and health care requirements have attracted more attention, and the need to develop new drug-containing dressings to accelerate wound healing is required. Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/gelatin-based films with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) containing the Myrtus communis L. (Myrtle) aqueous extract were designed to answer this demand. Myrtle aqueous extract included total phenolic content and good free radical scavenging ability in vitro assay. The infrared spectroscopy characterized the functional groups of myrtle extract and biocomposite films. It was found that mesoporous silica nanoparticles increased the tensile strength of the flexible dressings, which is essential in therapeutic uses. MSNs influenced swelling ratio, oxygen, and water vapor permeability that indicates the CMCS/Gelatin/Myrtle/5 % MSNs wound dressing can absorb wound exudates and preserve skin moisture. Also, these biocompatible nanoparticles reduced the cytotoxicity of fibroblast cells due to the decelerated drug release. Correspondingly, silica nanoparticles affected the extract release rate and could accumulate and release the extract prolonged in CMCS/Gelatin/Myrtle/5 % MSNs models. Finally, histological analysis showed collagen growth and fibroblast migration in wounds treated with CMCS/Gelatin/Myrtle/5 % MSNs, causing proper wound contraction and accelerating wound healing in mice models. The results suggest that CMCS/Gelatin/Myrtle/5 % MSNs films have a beneficial application as wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Haririan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Asefnejad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Farahpour
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
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Petoussi MA, Kalogerakis N. Olive mill wastewater phytoremediation employing economically important woody plants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:114076. [PMID: 34781052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study two plant species, Punica granatum L. and Myrtus communis L., have been tested as candidates for phytoremediation of olive mill wastewater (OMW) through recirculation in soil pilot units, according to the proposed patented technology by Santori and Cicalini [EP1216963 A. 26 Jun 2002]. Wastewater was treated in batches of low to high organics strength (COD: 2 700-45 700 mg/L) during summer months of two consecutive years. Dynamics of the most important wastewater parameters were investigated, and corresponding removal rates were estimated. During treatment of low organic load OMW, average removal rate of organics, phenolics, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 0.68 g-COD/kg-soil d, 0.073 g-TPh/kg-soil d, 0.033 g-TN/kg-soil d and 0.0074 g-TP/kg-soil d respectively and plants proved to be tolerant to the OMW. During treatment of high organic load OMW removal rates were roughly 10-fold higher although phytotoxic symptoms were observed. Plants were found to contribute greatly to the OMW treatment process since organics removal rates in pilot units were found to be at least 10-fold higher than in wastewater treatment in non-vegetated soil. Plant species with high added value products such as pomegranate and myrtle trees were used in this study, improving the circular economy potential of the aforementioned technology. Moreover, its efficiency has been demonstrated by quantification of the overall removal rates of key constituents as well as the contribution of the plants in the OMW treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita A Petoussi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Nicolas Kalogerakis
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece.
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Dantas MVO, Nogueira PL, Lima FDO, Oliveira DCP, Gomes ENS, Rodrigues JFB, Amoah SKS, Rosendo RA, da Penha ES, Dantas AFM, Fook MVL, Lacerda-Santos R, Melquiades de Medeiros LAD. In vivo Hemostatic Activity of Jatropha mollissima: A Triple-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial in an Animal Model. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:741-745. [PMID: 34428842 PMCID: PMC8630936 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the hemostatic activity of the sap from
Jatropha mollissima
(Pohl) Baill. in rats.
Materials and Methods
Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (
n
= 6): the JM25 and JM40 groups were treated with ethanolic extract from the sap of
J. mollissima
, in a concentration of 25 and 40 mg·mL
1
, respectively; the MO group was treated with Monsel’s solution and the control group SC with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
Statistical Analysis
Data were submitted to the Kurskal–Wallis’ test, followed by Dunn’s post hoc (
p
< 0.05).
Results
There was a significant reduction in the bleeding time of the group from the JM25 extract (
p
= 0.001) when compared with MO and SC. There were no statistically significant differences between groups JM25 and JM40 (
p
> 0.05). The JM25 group did not present rebleeding, a result significantly different from the MO group (
p
= 0.001). Monsel’s solution showed significant bleeding, six times greater than the control group SC.
Conclusion
The
J. mollissima
extract, in the concentration of 25 mg·mL
1
, showed the highest hemostatic efficiency and was found to be a promising biomaterial for the elaboration of a hemostatic product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Solomon Kweku Sagoe Amoah
- Academic Unit of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Rosana Araújo Rosendo
- Academic Unit of Biological Sciences - Dentistry, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Silva da Penha
- Academic Unit of Biological Sciences - Dentistry, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Marcus Vinícius Lia Fook
- Academic Unit of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Rogério Lacerda-Santos
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Fakchich J, Elachouri M. An overview on ethnobotanico-pharmacological studies carried out in Morocco, from 1991 to 2015: Systematic review (part 1). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113200. [PMID: 32750461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The full bibliometric records of data retrieved from ethnobotanical field studies carried out in Morocco (1991-2015) was quali-quantitatively analysed. Despite the importance of traditional medicinal uses in Morocco, any comments about the methodologies and approaches adopted by reviewed studies have been undertaken. Include more data about the importance of traditional medicinal uses in Morocco. AIM OF THE STUDY Three key points were targeted in this review: (i) to contribute to original compilation of medicinal plants traditionally used by people at whole Morocco, by gathering and documenting the current status of these ancestral medical practices, (ii) to provide a novel insight into the relationship between local and biomedical disease concepts in Moroccan society, taking into account health-related beliefs, and their influences on medicinal plant uses, (iii) to figurout the weaknesses and the strengths of the conceptual approches and methods adopted by researchers in ethnobotanical field works. MATERIALS AND METHODS With the help of a computerized database querying, we conducted an extensive literature search respecting our integration criteria. We performed this bibliographic research by using the following search engines available over the Web: Google Scholar, PUBMED, Sciencedirect, Current Content Connect, SCOPUS, SPRINGER LINK, GLOBAL PLANTS, Cochrane Library and SCIRUS. The scientific names listed in the present paper have been validated according to the "The Plant List" and the African Plants Database in order to standardize ethnobotanical data on an international level. For the analysis of data gathered, quali-quantitative analyses have been performed. RESULTS A total of 905 medicinal plant species belonging to 116 families and 726 genera have been selected from 63 published articles. The dominant families were ASTERACEAE (111 species) followed by the FABACEAE (77 species), LAMIACEAE (75 species) and APIACEAE (46 species). The plant species listed are used to cure several public ailments. The digestive ailments represented the most important category (494 species) followed by dermatological diseases (407 species), diabetes (315 species) and urinary diseases (277 species). We assigned the importance of the plant species by several measures (including Frequency Cited (FC), Number of Uses (NU), Number of Respondents (NR) and Index of Performance (IP). The ICF (Informant Consensus Factor) calculated was important in all categories of diseases averaging 47%. CONCLUSION The results obtained, which cover the whole country, delineate the profile of rich wealth of indigenous knowledge on traditional uses of medicinal plants heald by Moroccan society. The total number of 905 plant species listed in this paper, are currently being utilized as medicines and the number is expected to grow as infrastructure allows greater access to unexplored parts of the country. Furthermore, the know how, regarding the plants used, is consistent because the ICF has recorded important values for most diseases treated. Furthermore, in the present paper, we suggested, for authors, some useful recommendations for ethnobotanical field works such as the respect of ethnobotanical standards including checklist of plants with international data base, the deposited voucher specimens, sampling and collection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Fakchich
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics, and Ethnopharmacology, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Mostafa Elachouri
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics, and Ethnopharmacology, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
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Asghar MA, Yousuf RI, Shoaib MH, Asghar MA. Antibacterial, anticoagulant and cytotoxic evaluation of biocompatible nanocomposite of chitosan loaded green synthesized bioinspired silver nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:934-943. [PMID: 32470586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Present work reports the green synthesis of chitosan functionalized silver nanoparticles (CS-AgNPs) using ethanolic buds extract of Sygyzium aromaticum. CS-AgNPs were characterized physically, evaluated for antibacterial, anticoagulant and antiplatelet activities, and toxicity profile. The physical characterization of CS-AgNPs was done by UV/vis, SEM, TEM, FTIR and EDX. The sphericity was found uniform. FTIR and EXD showed noninterfering few impurities. The antibacterial activity against VRSA (ZI, 23.2 ± 0.51 mm) and MRSA (ZI, 25.8 ± 0.32 mm) were determined. The rise in bleeding and thromboplastin was observed highly significant while increased in prothrombin and activated partial prothrombin time in significant manner at both the doses of CS-AgNPs (0.025 mg/kg and 0.05 mg/kg). Reduction in the levels of fibrinogen was also highly significant. Platelet aggregation decreased at high dose of CS-AgNPs i.e. 55.14 ± 8.25% (arachidonic acid) and 13.06 ± 2.17% (collagen). Thrombin antithrombin (TAT) complex activity was found highest for CS-AgNPs. Cytotoxicity was assessed using HeLa cell lines (LC50; 125 μg/ml) and brine shrimp lethality tests (LC50; 518 μg/ml). The work suggests that green synthesized chitosan functionalized silver nanoparticles may be utilized as an effective antibacterial agent and anticoagulant with low toxicity. The current findings will open a new window for nanomedicine development and future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arif Asghar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Ismail Yousuf
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Research Facility, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Harris Shoaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Research Facility, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Asif Asghar
- Food and Feed Safety Laboratory, Food and Marine Resources Research Centre, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Shahrah-e-Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Off University Road, 75280, Karachi, Sindh 74200, Pakistan
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